Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Predicting inclusion capabilities in metal-organic frameworks via topological (delta)–Sombor index and QSPR modeling","authors":"Yali Li,&nbsp;Guoping Zhang,&nbsp;Sadia Noureen,&nbsp;Maira Kiran,&nbsp;Sahar Aftab,&nbsp;Adnan Aslam","doi":"10.1007/s10847-026-01331-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-026-01331-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the <span>(delta)</span>-Sombor index—a refined graph-theoretical descriptor—for the topological characterization and Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) modeling of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). We derived explicit analytical formulas for the <span>(delta)</span>-Sombor index of two representative coordination systems: a Zn(II)-isophthalate-Dptztz framework and a Nd(III)-Hepna coordination polymer. Furthermore, a comprehensive QSPR analysis was performed on a diverse set of fifty organic linkers. The <span>(delta)</span>-Sombor index exhibited strong correlations with key physicochemical properties—including partition coefficient (logP), molar refractivity (MR), topological polar surface area (tPSA), and solubility (LogS)—as validated through linear, polynomial, and ridge regression models. The high sensitivity of the <span>(delta)</span>-Sombor index to subtle variations in atomic connectivity and coordination geometry underscores its utility as a robust predictive tool for understanding and designing framework materials in which pore geometry and connectivity govern inclusion phenomena. Our findings confirm its significant potential for accelerating the rational design of MOFs with tailored supramolecular host properties, thereby bridging graph theory with the chemistry of molecular inclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 3-4","pages":"229 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction within the inclusion complex between β-cyclodextrin and 3-(5,6-dihydro- [1,3] dithiolo[4,5-b][1,4]dithiin-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde","authors":"Chaima Aouachria,&nbsp;Tahar Abbaz,&nbsp;Amel Bendjeddou,&nbsp;Lakhemici Kaboub,&nbsp;Didier Villemin,&nbsp;Abdelkrim Gouasmia","doi":"10.1007/s10847-026-01329-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-026-01329-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The inclusion complex formed between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 3-(5,6-dihydro- [1, 3]dithiolo[4,5-b] [1, 4]dithiin-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (DTMB) was investigated using a combined semi-empirical and density functional theory (DFT) approach. Two possible inclusion orientations of the guest molecule within the β-CD cavity were examined in both gas phase and aqueous medium. Initial geometry optimizations were performed using the PM3 method, followed by full optimizations at the MN15L/6-311G(2d, p) level of theory. Complexation, interaction, and deformation energies, as well as thermodynamic parameters, were calculated to assess the stability of the inclusion complexes. The results indicate that orientation B, in which the aromatic moiety of DTMB is oriented toward the primary hydroxyl rim of β-CD, is energetically more favorable in both phases. Frontier molecular orbital analysis and global reactivity descriptors further support the higher stability of this orientation. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analyses reveal that the complexation process is mainly governed by van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding. In addition, ¹H NMR chemical shifts were computed using the GIAO method and show good agreement with the experimental data, providing further validation of the proposed inclusion modes. Overall, this study offers detailed insights into the structural features, energetics, and interaction mechanisms of DTMB/β-CD inclusion complexes and contributes to a better understanding of host–guest systems involving sulfur-rich aromatic compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 3-4","pages":"215 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147636919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of the 1DCNN, WT–2DCNN, LSTM, and 1DCNN-LSTM models to predict machinery faults based on vibrations measured from a simulation facility for petrochemical processes","authors":"Daehyeon Ji,&nbsp;Chang-Ju Park,&nbsp;Hyeon Woo Kim,&nbsp;Yangkyu Park","doi":"10.1007/s10847-026-01332-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-026-01332-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vibration-based fault diagnosis is essential for maintaining safe and reliable operations in industrial facilities, especially in environments in which highly volatile materials are handled, such as in petrochemical plants. This study evaluates the performance of four deep-learning architectures, namely, the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN), wavelet transform-based two-dimensional convolutional neural network (WT–2DCNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and a hybrid 1DCNN–LSTM model, to classify mechanical and leakage-related faults from vibration signals. All experiments were conducted using data collected from a simulation facility for petrochemical processes, which provides operating conditions that resemble actual field environments more closely than typical laboratory setups. The 1DCNN and WT–2DCNN models effectively extracted local temporal and time–frequency features, whereas the LSTM captured long-range temporal dependencies inherent in vibration sequences. Among the evaluated architectures, the 1DCNN–LSTM model achieved the best overall performance, reaching an accuracy of 99.85% with an inference time of only 0.282 s. This superior performance can be attributed to a combination of convolution-based short-term feature extraction with recurrent modeling of temporal evolution, enabling the hybrid model to distinguish between four fault conditions with near-perfect consistency. These results highlight the potential of the 1DCNN–LSTM framework as an efficient and reliable solution for real-time fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance in industrial vibration-monitoring applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 of","pages":"363 - 375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of facial nerve using flexible electrodes via impedance spectroscopy during parotidectomy","authors":"Jinhwan Kim,&nbsp;Yangkyu Park,&nbsp;Hyeon Woo Kim,&nbsp;Hyong-Ho Cho","doi":"10.1007/s10847-026-01330-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-026-01330-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iatrogenic facial nerve injury remains one of the most challenging complications during parotidectomy, mainly due to the anatomical proximity between the facial nerve and adjacent tissues (the parotid gland and retromandibular vein). Unintentional injury can lead to long-term functional impairments and aesthetic concerns. We proposed a novel approach, referred to as the facial nerve detector (FND), which combines a flexible microelectrode with electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to distinguish the facial nerve from adjacent tissues. The electrical impedances of the facial nerve, parotid gland, and retromandibular vein in a cadaver were measured over the frequency range 100 Hz to 100 kHz. It revealed that a discrimination index that the differences in the real and imaginary part of the impedance between the facial nerve and adjacent tissues were most distinct at 158.36 Hz and 198.62 Hz, respectively. The values of conductivity for the facial nerve and adjacent tissues were estimated to be sufficiently distinguishable by 0.248 ± 0.006 S/m, 0.228 ± 0.005 S/m, and 0.221 ± 0.001 S/m, respectively. These results highlight the potential of the proposed EIS-based detection system to enhance intraoperative visualization of the facial nerve, offering surgeons a real-time, label-free tool to improve surgical precision and reduce the risk of nerve injury during parotidectomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 of","pages":"377 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable gradient boosting model for on-device mechanical anomaly detection trained and validated using data from a petrochemical process simulation facility","authors":"Daehyeon Ji,&nbsp;Seongyeop Jeong,&nbsp;Jinhwan Kim,&nbsp;Hyeon Woo Kim,&nbsp;Yangkyu Park","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01327-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01327-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fault diagnosis in petrochemical plants increasingly relies on artificial intelligence (AI), prompting a growing demand for explainable AI (XAI) to ensure transparency, trustworthiness, and safe decision-making in complex industrial environments. In this study, we developed an explainable, on-device AI framework for detecting mechanical anomalies using vibration signals collected from a petrochemical process simulation facility capable of generating data that closely reflect real industrial conditions. A total of 27 handcrafted time- and frequency-domain features were extracted, and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) were applied to quantify each feature’s contribution to model decisions. Based on SHAP importance rankings, a sequential feature selection process identified a compact subset of 14 features that maintained high discriminative capability while reducing computational complexity. A gradient boosting model (GBM) trained on the selected features achieved an accuracy of 88.28%, demonstrating competitive performance relative to convolutional neural networks. Additionally, the GBM yielded the fastest inference time (0.018 s) among the evaluated AI models. To assess its deployability, the GBM was implemented on an STM32 microcontroller, where it required 106.76 KiB of Flash memory and only 2.04 KiB of RAM. These results indicate that the explainable GBM provides an effective balance of accuracy, interpretability, and computational efficiency, making it well-suited for real-time, on-device fault detection in resource-constrained industrial settings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 of","pages":"389 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclodextrins as supramolecular agents for enhancing the separation performance of deep eutectic solvents: an overview of food and pharmaceutical applications","authors":"Shima Saffarionpour","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01323-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01323-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the culmination of the research on the development of novel and green solvents in the separation industries, there has been a spurred interest recently in the development of cyclodextrin (CD)-based supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (DESs) or SUPRADES. The SUPRADESs prepared from CDs and carboxylic acids or the stimuli-responsive ones formulated with fatty acids can promote the separation of countless hydrophobic compounds among others polyphenols, terpenoids, or proteins from plant-based sources. Additionally, in combination with polymers (e.g. chitosan), SUPRADESs have been used for designing bioactive films. As chiral selectors, CDs added to DESs can contribute to the enantioseparation of chiral therapeutic compounds in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and electrokinetic chromatography (EKC). They can additionally aid with the enantiorecognition of chiral amino acids in biphasic systems. Given their efficacious roles in augmenting the separation and delivery performance of DESs, this review study enfolds their potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"65 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective alternative host-guest separation strategies for mixed pyridine/methylpyridines with thioxanthenyl- and xanthenyl-derived host molecules","authors":"Danica B. Trollip,&nbsp;Benita Barton,&nbsp;Mino R. Caira,&nbsp;Eric C. Hosten","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01324-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01324-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>N</i>,<i>N’</i>-Bis(9-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-thioxanthenyl)ethylenediamine (<b>H1</b>) and <i>N</i>,<i>N’</i>-bis(9-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-xanthenyl)ethylenediamine (<b>H2</b>) were demonstrated to have inclusion ability for pyridine (PYR) and the methylpyridine isomers (2MP, 3MP and 4MP); H:G ratios were 1:1 or 1:2. When guests competed, the host selectivities were observed to be in the order 4MP &gt; 3MP &gt; 2MP &gt; &gt; PYR (<b>H1</b>) and PYR &gt; 4MP &gt; 2MP &gt; &gt; 3MP (<b>H2</b>) and so substitution of the sulfur atom for oxygen in the central B ring of the host compound resulted in significant changes in the host selectivity behaviour. Owing to the fact that these guests present as mixtures in the chemical industry and are difficult to separate through fractional distillations as a result of their comparable boiling points, we subsequently investigated whether these host compounds have the ability to separate binary pyridyl mixtures in various molar ratios through supramolecular chemistry strategies. As such, it was demonstrated that <b>H1</b> has the ability to separate the 80:20 4MP/PYR solution (K = infinite, in favour of 4MP), while <b>H2</b> was even more effective, able to separate numerous of the binary mixtures employed here. Thermal experiments demonstrated that <b>H1</b>·4MP (4MP being preferred by <b>H1</b>) was thermally more stable than the other three complexes; <b>H1</b>·PYR (least favoured guest) was unstable even at ambient conditions. The affinity behaviour of <b>H2</b>, however, could not be as readily explained through thermal analyses. All of the complexes presented here experienced numerous non-covalent short contacts, including a (host)N–H···N(guest) classical hydrogen bond in each one (this was only absent in <b>H1</b>·2MP). This technique also provided the reasons for the affinity of <b>H1</b> for 4MP and its constant low preference for PYR, and also why <b>H2</b> favoured PYR and never 3MP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"139 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-guest interactions of chiral Schiff-base macrocyclic Zn(II) complexes with α-amino acids","authors":"Chao Huang,&nbsp;Xiao-Mao Tian,&nbsp;Li-Xia Chen,&nbsp;Bi-Xue Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01325-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01325-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two chiral Schiff-base macrocyclic Zn(II) complexes (<b>M</b>_{<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>} and <b>M</b>_{<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>}) were synthesized from the condensation reaction of 3,3’-methylene-bis(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde) and 1<i>R</i>,2<i>R</i>- or 1<i>S</i>,2<i>S</i>-cyclohexanediamine in the presence of Zn(NO₃)₂. Their structures were characterized using ¹H/¹³C NMR, ESI-MS, and elemental analysis, and the crystal structure of <b>M</b>_{<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>} was further determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the solution of MeOH/H₂O (9:1), the UV-Vis spectra were utilized for the host-guest interaction studies between <b>M</b>_{<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>} or <b>M</b>_{<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>} and a series of <i>α</i>-amino acid enantiomers. The results demonstrated that both <b>M</b>_{<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>} and <b>M</b>_{<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>} exhibited quantifiable binding interactions with <i>D</i>-/<i>L</i>-Arginine (Arg), <i>D</i>-/<i>L</i>-Lysine (Lys), and <i>D</i>-/<i>L</i>-Glutamic acid (Glu), and the binding ratio was consistently 1:1. Moreover, the density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicated that the binding affinity as well as the observed enantioselectivity of <b>M</b>_{<i>R</i>,<i>R</i>} or <b>M</b>_{<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>} toward these amino acid enantiomers was mainly attributed to the hydrogen-bonding interactions between the amino acid enantiomers with the bridging water molecules located in the binuclear Zn(II) complexes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"157 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and in vitro evaluation of pH and temperature-dual-responsive β-cyclodextrin inclusion-based supramolecular hydrogel for controlled delivery of doxorubicin","authors":"Dewni Y. Mallikarachchi,&nbsp;Dusantha H. Alwis,&nbsp;Isurika R. Fernando","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01322-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01322-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research focused on the fabrication and drug-loading study of a β-cyclodextrin inclusion-based novel supramolecular hydrogel, followed by pH and/or temperature-responsive in vitro drug release study. The supramolecular hydrogel was constructed using two building blocks, specifically, BB1, poly(β-cyclodextrin-co-citric acid) and BB2, citric acid ester of phenyl-mono-capped polyethylene glycol-4000, and characterized. The pH and temperature responsiveness of the resulting BB1:BB2 (w/w), 1:2 hydrogels were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under four different conditions, pH 7.4 at 25 °C, pH 4 at 25 °C, pH 7.4 at 37 °C, and pH 4 at 37 °C. Doxorubicin (DOX) loading study of the hydrogel and the in vitro DOX release study from the DOX-loaded hydrogel were investigated under the above-mentioned four different conditions using UV-visible spectroscopy. After applying a stimulus/stimuli, HPLC chromatograms exhibited peak splitting, shift of retention times, and appearance of new peaks. These observations confirmed the disassembly and/or breakdown of the supramolecular network under the influence of stimuli. The BB1:BB2 (w/w), 1:2 hydrogel exhibited the highest drug loading efficiency of 56.7% and drug loading capacity of 0.05% was used for the in vitro DOX release studies. The highest DOX release efficiency of 47% was observed under dual-stimuli conditions, pH 4 and 37 °C, which confirms the pH and temperature dual responsiveness on disassembling and/or breaking down the supramolecular hydrogel. In conclusion, β-cyclodextrin inclusion-based novel supramolecular hydrogel exhibits pH and temperature dual-responsiveness for in vitro DOX delivery which exhibits the potential of the developed supramolecular hydrogel in controlled DOX delivery applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"121 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the potential of cyclodextrins as therapeutic excipients in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Thevashree Rajanderan,&nbsp;Kate Marian Leuterio Picones,&nbsp;Marikannan Maharajan,&nbsp;Asgar Ali,&nbsp;Farheen Sami,&nbsp;Md Sajid Ali,&nbsp;Md Saquib Hasnain,&nbsp;Divya Gopinath,&nbsp;Mohammed Tahir Ansari","doi":"10.1007/s10847-025-01321-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10847-025-01321-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cyclodextrins (CDs) are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with evidence supporting their role in modulating amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, tau phosphorylation, cholesterol homeostasis, and oxidative damage. However, the relative effectiveness of these mechanisms has not been evaluated systematically.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 2010 to June 2025, following the PRISMA guidelines. Experimental in vitro and in vivo studies involving CDs in AD models were included. A random-effects model estimated pooled effect sizes (Hedges’ g), with subgroup and moderator analyses, to examine mechanistic contributions. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s test, and Rosenthal’s Fail-safe N.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1,819 articles were selected, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. Four studies were eligible for quantitative synthesis. Among the included studies, key themes emerged highlighting the therapeutic impact of CDs in improving Aβ clearance, modulating tau phosphorylation, restoring lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, and attenuating oxidative stress.The pooled random effects estimate (Hedges’ g = 4.26, SE = 0.75, 95% CI [1.87–6.66], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; I² = 45.2%) indicated a significant overall therapeutic benefits of CD based interventions. Subgroup analysis was conducted to study the mechanism specific intervention, and the analysis revealed a stronger effect of CDs in studies targeting Aβ/tau/cholesterol pathways than in those targeting oxidative stress modulation. Minimal evidence of publication bias was observed.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>CDs demonstrated enhanced therapeutic impact when targeting core AD mechanisms, such as Aβ aggregation and cholesterol dysregulation, supporting their role as mechanistically targeted modulators of neurodegeneration. However, the supplementary antioxidant effect of CDs through broad-spectrum oxidative stress modulation should not be overlooked, as this mechanism also contributes to potential therapeutic interventions for AD, particularly in rodent models. This underscores the value of mechanism-specific interventions in neurodegeneration and supports CDs as possible modulators of disease progression through targeted molecular engagement.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CDs, particularly HP-β-CD, show promising evidence in AD when mechanistically targeted, warranting further translational research in disease-specific contexts. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting these findings due to the limited number of studies and the preclinical nature of the available evidence.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry","volume":"106 1-2","pages":"49 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}