Journal of High Energy Physics最新文献

{"title":"Brickwall one-loop determinant: spectral statistics & Krylov complexity","authors":"Hyun-Sik Jeong,&nbsp;Arnab Kundu,&nbsp;Juan F. Pedraza","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)154","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate quantum chaotic features of the brickwall model, which is obtained by introducing a stretched horizon — a Dirichlet wall placed outside the event horizon — within the BTZ geometry. This simple yet effective model has been shown to capture key properties of quantum black holes and is motivated by the stringy fuzzball proposal. We analyze the dynamics of both scalar and fermionic probe fields, deriving their normal mode spectra with Gaussian-distributed boundary conditions on the stretched horizon. By interpreting these normal modes as energy eigenvalues, we examine spectral statistics, including level spacing distributions, the spectral form factor, and Krylov state complexity as diagnostics for quantum chaos. Our results show that the brickwall model exhibits features consistent with random matrix theory across various ensembles as the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution is varied. Specifically, we observe Wigner-Dyson distributions, a linear ramp in the spectral form factor, and a characteristic peak in Krylov complexity, all without the need for a classical interior geometry. We also demonstrate that non-vanishing spectral rigidity alone is sufficient to produce a peak in Krylov complexity, without requiring Wigner-Dyson level repulsion. Finally, we identify signatures of integrability at extreme values of the Dirichlet boundary condition parameter.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)154.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints on non-unitary neutrino mixing in light of atmospheric and reactor neutrino data","authors":"Tetiana Kozynets,&nbsp;Philipp Eller,&nbsp;Alan Zander,&nbsp;Manuel Ettengruber,&nbsp;D. Jason Koskinen","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)130","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the origin of neutrino masses remains unknown, several key neutrino mass generation models result in a non-unitary three-neutrino mixing matrix. To put such models to test, the deviations of the mixing matrix from unitarity can be measured directly through neutrino oscillation experiments. In this study, we perform a Bayesian analysis of the non-unitary mixing model using the recent public data from atmospheric and reactor neutrino experiments — namely IceCube-DeepCore, Daya Bay, and KamLAND. The novelty of our approach compared to the preceding global fits for non-unitarity is in the detailed treatment of the atmospheric neutrino data, which for the first time includes the relevant flux and detector systematic uncertainties. From the Bayesian posteriors on the individual mixing matrix elements, we derive the non-unitarity constraints in the form of normalisations and closures of the mixing matrix rows and columns, assuming either a fully unconstrained matrix or a physically motivated submatrix scenario. We find comparable constraints for electron and tau row normalisations as other similar studies in literature, and additionally reveal strong correlations between muon and tau row constraints induced by the atmospheric systematic uncertainties. We find that the current data is well described by both unitary and non-unitary mixing models, with a strong preference for the unitary mixing indicated by the Bayes factor. With the upcoming IceCube-Upgrade and JUNO detectors, both featuring superior energy resolution compared to the current atmospheric and reactor neutrino experiments, our constraints on the row normalisations in the submatrix case are expected to improve by 25%, 40%, and 20% in the electron, muon, and tau sectors respectively. In the future, our approach can be expanded to include solar and long-baseline neutrino experiments, with the aim to provide more stringent constraints while keeping track of the nuisance parameters that may be degenerate with non-unitarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)130.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QCD axion dark matter in the dark dimension","authors":"Hai-Jun Li","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)139","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recently proposed dark dimension scenario reveals that axions can be localized on the Standard Model brane, thereby predicting the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) axion decay constant from the Weak Gravity Conjecture: <i>f</i>_<i>a</i> ≲ <i>M</i>₅ ~ 10⁹ – 10¹⁰ GeV, where <i>M</i>₅ is the five-dimensional Planck mass. When combined with observational lower bounds, this implies that <i>f</i>_<i>a</i> falls within a narrow range <i>f</i>_<i>a</i> ~ 10⁹ – 10¹⁰ GeV, corresponding to the axion mass <i>m</i>_<i>a</i> ~ 10^<i>−</i>3 – 10^<i>−</i>2 eV. At this scale, the QCD axion constitutes a minor fraction of the total cold dark matter (DM) density ~ 10^<i>−</i>3 – 10^<i>−</i>2. In this work, we investigate the issue of QCD axion DM within the context of the dark dimension and demonstrate that the QCD axion in this scenario can account for the entire DM abundance through a simple two-axion mixing mechanism. Specifically, we consider the resonant conversion of an axion-like particle (ALP) into the QCD axion. We find that, in a scenario where the ALP possesses a mass of approximately <i>m</i>_<i>A</i> ~ 10^<i>−</i>5 eV and a decay constant of <i>f</i>_<i>A</i> ~ 10¹¹ GeV, the QCD axion in the dark dimension can account for the overall DM. The ALP required within this specific range may originate from the grand unification of gauge forces in the dark dimension.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)139.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framework for the forced soliton equation: regularization, numerical solutions, and perturbation theory","authors":"Zachary J. Allamon,&nbsp;Quentin A. Hales,&nbsp;Andrew B. Royston,&nbsp;Douglas L. Rutledge,&nbsp;Erica A. Yozie","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)133","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The forced soliton equation is the starting point for semiclassical computations with solitons away from the small momentum transfer regime. This paper develops necessary analytical and numerical tools for analyzing solutions to the forced soliton equation in the context of two-dimensional models with kinks. Results include a finite degree of freedom regularization of soliton sector physics based on periodic and anti-periodic lattice models, a detailed analysis of numerical solutions, and the development of perturbation theory in the soliton momentum transfer to mass ratio ∆<i>P</i>/<i>M</i>. Numerical solutions at large transfer ∆<i>P</i> ≳ <i>M</i> are capable of exhibiting, in a smooth and controlled fashion, extreme phenomena such as soliton-antisoliton pair creation and superluminal collective coordinate velocities, which we investigate.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)133.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect detection of hot dark matter","authors":"Jeff A. Dror,&nbsp;Pearl Sandick,&nbsp;Barmak Shams Es Haghi,&nbsp;Fengwei Yang","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)127","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cosmologically stable, light particles that came into thermal contact with the Standard Model in the early universe may persist today as a form of hot dark matter. For relics with masses in the eV range, their role in structure formation depends critically on their mass. We trace the evolution of such hot relics and derive their density profiles around cold dark matter halos, introducing a framework for their <i>indirect detection</i>. Applying this framework to axions — a natural candidate for a particle that can reach thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model in the early universe and capable of decaying into two photons — we establish stringent limits on the axion-photon coupling <i>g</i>_<i>aγ</i> using current observations of dwarf galaxies, the Milky Way halo, and galaxy clusters. Our results set new bounds on hot axions in the <span>( mathcal{O}left(1-10right) )</span> eV range.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)127.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exact physical quantities of the ( {D}_2^{(2)} ) spin chain model with generic open boundary conditions","authors":"Pengcheng Lu,&nbsp;Junpeng Cao,&nbsp;Wen-Li Yang,&nbsp;Ian Marquette,&nbsp;Yao-Zhong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)137","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the quantum integrable spin chain model associated with the twisted <span>( {D}_2^{(2)} )</span> algebra (or simply the <span>( {D}_2^{(2)} )</span> model) under generic open boundary conditions. The Hamiltonian of this model can be factorized into the sum of two staggered XXZ spin chains. Applying the <i>t</i>-<i>W</i> method, we derive the homogeneous Bethe ansatz equations for the zeros of the transfer matrix eigenvalues and the patterns of the corresponding zeros of the staggered XXZ spin chain with generic integrable boundaries. Based on these results, we analytically compute the surface energies and excitation energies of the <span>( {D}_2^{(2)} )</span> model in different regimes of boundary parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)137.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inelastic coupled-channel eikonal scattering","authors":"Rafael Aoude,&nbsp;Andrea Cristofoli,&nbsp;Asaad Elkhidir,&nbsp;Matteo Sergola","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)136","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emitted radiation and absorption effects in black hole dynamics lead to inelastic scattering amplitudes. In this paper, we study how these effects introduce an inelasticity function to the 2 → 2 eikonalised <i>S</i>-matrix and how they can be described using unequal mass and spin on-shell amplitudes. To achieve this, we formulate the inelastic coupled-channel eikonal (ICCE) using the KMOC formalism and the language of quantum channels, where off-diagonal channels involve mass and spin changes. This formulation allows us to re-use usual eikonal results but also suggests a different resummation of inelastic effects. We then apply this formulation to calculate classical inelastic processes, such as the mass change in binary dynamics due to the presence of an event horizon. Additionally, we provide a complementary analysis for the case of wave scattering on a black hole, considering absorption effects. In both scenarios, we derive unitarity relations accounting for inelastic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)136.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gauging C on the lattice","authors":"Theodore Jacobson","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)138","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We discuss general aspects of charge conjugation symmetry in Euclidean lattice field theories, including its dynamical gauging. Our main focus is <i>O</i>(2) = U(1) ⋊ ℤ₂ gauge theory, which we construct using a non-abelian generalization of the Villain formulation via gauging the charge conjugation symmetry of pure U(1) gauge theory. We describe how to construct gauge-invariant non-local operators in a theory with gauged charge conjugation symmetry, and use it to define Wilson and ’t Hooft lines as well as non-invertible symmetry operators. Our lattice discretization preserves the higher-group and non-invertible symmetries of <i>O</i>(2) gauge theory, which we explore in detail. In particular, these symmetries give rise to selection rules for extended operators and their junctions, and constrain the properties of the worldvolume degrees of freedom on twist vortices (also known as Alice or Cheshire strings). We propose a phase diagram of the theory coupled to dynamical magnetic monopoles and twist vortices, where the various generalized symmetries are typically only emergent.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)138.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravity-Mediated Dark Matter at a low reheating temperature","authors":"Hyun Min Lee,&nbsp;Myeonghun Park,&nbsp;Veronica Sanz","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)126","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a new study on the Gravity-Mediated Dark Matter (GMDM) scenario, where interactions between dark matter (DM) and the Standard Model are mediated by spin-two particles. Expanding on this established framework, we explore a novel regime characterized by a low reheating temperature that offers an alternative to the conventional thermal relic paradigm. This approach opens new possibilities for understanding the dynamics of the dark sector, encompassing both the dark matter particles (fermion, scalar and vector) and the spin-two mediators. Our analysis examines the constraints imposed by the relic abundance of DM, collider experiments, and direct detection searches, spanning a wide mass range for the dark sector, from very light to extremely heavy states. This work opens new possibilities for the phenomenology of GMDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)126.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunnels under geometries (or instantons know their algebras)","authors":"Dmitry Galakhov,&nbsp;Alexei Morozov","doi":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)132","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP05(2025)132","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the tight binding model with multiple degenerate vacua we might treat wave function overlaps as instanton tunnelings between different wells (vacua). An amplitude for such a tunneling process might be constructed as <span>( {textrm{T}}_{ito j}sim {e}^{-{S}_{textrm{inst}}}{textbf{v}}_j^{+}{textbf{v}}_i^{-} )</span>, where there is canonical instanton action suppression, and <span>( {textbf{v}}_i^{-} )</span> annihilates a particle in the <i>i</i>^th vacuum, whereas <span>( {textbf{v}}_j^{+} )</span> creates a particle in the <i>j</i>^th vacuum. Adiabatic change of the wells leads to a Berry-phase evolution of the couplings, which is described by the zero-curvature Gauss-Manin connection, i.e. by a quantum <i>R</i>-matrix. Zero-curvature is actually a consequence of level repulsion or topological protection, and its implication is the Yang-Baxter relation for the <i>R</i>-matrices. In the simplest case the story is pure Abelian and not very exciting. But when the model becomes more involved, incorporates supersymmetry, gauge and other symmetries, such amplitudes obtain more intricate structures. Operators <span>( {textbf{v}}_i^{-} )</span>, <span>( {textbf{v}}_j^{+} )</span> might also evolve from ordinary Heisenberg operators into a more sophisticated algebraic object — a “tunneling algebra”. The result for the tunneling algebra would depend strongly on geometry of the QFT we started with, and, unfortunately, at the moment we are unable to solve the reverse engineering problem. In this note we revise few successful cases of the aforementioned correspondence: quantum algebras <i>U</i>_<i>q</i>(<span>( mathfrak{g} )</span>) and affine Yangians <i>Y</i>(<span>( hat{mathfrak{g}} )</span>). For affine Yangians we demonstrate explicitly how instantons “perform” equivariant integrals over associated quiver moduli spaces appearing in the alternative geometric construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)132.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}