Aman Malasi, M. Chandrasekhar, Ankur Khokhar, Shivam Kumar Mittal, Amiya Mandal, Kanhaiya Lal Yadav, Nibedan Nanda, Pawan Kumar
{"title":"Exploring energy storage characteristics of lead-free [(Na1 − 3x/2Bi3x/2) (Nb1 − xSrx) O3] ceramics","authors":"Aman Malasi, M. Chandrasekhar, Ankur Khokhar, Shivam Kumar Mittal, Amiya Mandal, Kanhaiya Lal Yadav, Nibedan Nanda, Pawan Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00401-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00401-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, NN-based lead-free ceramics [Na<sub>1 − 3x/2</sub>Bi<sub>3x/2</sub>) (Nb<sub>1 − x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>) O<sub>3</sub>] where x = 0.00, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, and 0.08 were synthesized via solid-state reaction route. XRD study confirmed the increase of the appearance of secondary phase with the increase of doping concentrations. FE-SEM study showed the decrease of average grain size with the increase of doping concentration. Dielectric study showed dielectric constant (ε<sub>r</sub>) ⁓ 1051 with low dielectric loss (tanδ) < 0.6 near T<sub>c</sub> in [(Na<sub>0.91</sub>Bi<sub>0.09</sub>) (Nb<sub>0.94</sub>Sr<sub>0.06</sub>) O<sub>3</sub>] ceramics at 1 kHz frequency. Polarization vs. electric field ferroelectric study of [(Na<sub>0.91</sub>Bi<sub>0.09</sub>) (Nb<sub>0.94</sub>Sr<sub>0.06</sub>) O<sub>3</sub>] ceramics demonstrated the highest total energy storage density (W<sub>total</sub>) of ~ 1.74 J/cm³ with a high recoverable energy storage density (W<sub>rec</sub>) of ~ 1.28 J/cm³, with an efficiency (η) ~ 74% at an electric field of 145 kV/cm among the synthesized ceramics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"357 - 367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenjing Bi, Jingwen Sun, Chenyang Zhang, Yunfei Bai, Shichao Zhou, Xinyang Gao, Heming Li, Tianzi Yin, Yi Zhang, Jigong Hao, Juan Du, Peng Li, Peng Fu, Chaolei Ban, Wei Li
{"title":"Piezoelectric, ferroelectric and mechanical properties of Li-doped PNN-PHT ceramics","authors":"Wenjing Bi, Jingwen Sun, Chenyang Zhang, Yunfei Bai, Shichao Zhou, Xinyang Gao, Heming Li, Tianzi Yin, Yi Zhang, Jigong Hao, Juan Du, Peng Li, Peng Fu, Chaolei Ban, Wei Li","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00400-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00400-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Piezoelectric ceramics are widely used in aviation, aerospace, communications, weapons, electronics and other high-tech fields. This study focuses on high piezoelectric Pb(Nb<sub>2/3</sub>Ni<sub>1/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-Pb(Hf<sub>1/2</sub>Ti<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> (PNN-PHT) binary ceramic as the research matrix. By doping Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, the Curie temperature is increased, and the effects of doping concentration on microstructure, phase structure, and electrical performances of the ceramics are discussed. The study found that all ceramics were rhombohedral -tetragonal mixed phases, and no impurity phases were generated. When <i>x</i> = 0.20, the samples have the best mass density <i>ρ</i> = 8.0291 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, the best piezoelectric constant <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> = 702 pC/N, the largest signal piezoelectric constant <i>d</i><sub>33</sub>* = 943 pm/V, the largest strain value <i>S</i> = 0.56%, the highest electromechanical coupling coefficient <i>k</i><sub>p</sub> = 51.9%, excellent hardness <i>H</i> = 4.5221 GPa and fracture toughness <i>K</i><sub>IC</sub> = 1.06 MPa•m<sup>0.5</sup>, and a higher Curie temperature <i>T</i><sub>C</sub> = 155 <sup>o</sup>C. At the same time, the <i>x</i> = 0.20 sample has excellent temperature stability in 20 ~ 150 <sup>o</sup>C, achieving a balance and compromise between piezoelectric properties and temperature stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"347 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced electric field induced strain of Hf4+ doped 0.67BiFeO3-0.33BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics","authors":"Dongfang Pang, Minghui Chen, Tianyong Zhang, Guojun Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00396-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00396-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-temperature solid-phase method were used to prepare lead-free piezoelectric ceramics of 0.67BiFeO<sub>3</sub>-0.3BaTi<sub>1 − <i>x</i></sub>Hf<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub><i>3</i></sub> and the effects of B-site Hf<sup>4+</sup> doping on the microstructure, dielectric properties, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated systematically. The results have shown that partial substitution of Hf<sup>4+</sup> for Ti<sup>4+</sup> did not cause significant changes in the phase structure, and the components remained in the multi-phase boundary region where tetragonal and rhombohedral structures coexisted, resulting from the same electricity price and small differences of Hf<sup>4+</sup>/Ti<sup>4+</sup> ion radius. However, doping with Hf<sup>4+</sup> can effectively increase the content of Fe<sup>3+</sup> and reduce the leakage current of BFO-BT binary system. The Curie temperature of BFO-BT-0.05Hf ceramic is 387 ℃, which effectively maintaining the high Curie point of the BFO-BT binary system. The undoped BFO-BT exhibits a typical ferroelectric P-E hysteresis loop, with <i>P</i><sub><i>r</i></sub>=26.47µC/cm<sup>2</sup> and <i>E</i><sub><i>C</i></sub>=34.54 kV/cm. After appropriate modification with Hf<sup>4+</sup>, the ferroelectric properties of the BFO-BT system were significantly improved, with <i>P</i><sub><i>r</i></sub> of 33.34 µC/cm<sup>2</sup> and <i>E</i><sub><i>C</i></sub> of 31.90 kV/cm for BFO-BT-0.05Hf. The strain of BFO-BT-0.05Hf ceramic at room temperature is 0.19%. Meanwhile, the electric field induced-strain of the ceramic at 125 ℃ and 80 kV/cm is 0.43%, and the high-field piezoelectric coefficient (<i>d</i><sub><i>33</i></sub><sup><i>*</i></sup>) is 543 pm/V.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"335 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Hussain, Nawishta Jabeen, Sumaira Zafar, Manal F. Abou Taleb, Mohamed M. Ibrahim
{"title":"Theoretical investigation of Ruddlesden Popper phase La2XO4(X = Zn, Ca, Mg, and Be) compounds with multifunctional properties for flexible photovoltaic applications","authors":"Ahmad Hussain, Nawishta Jabeen, Sumaira Zafar, Manal F. Abou Taleb, Mohamed M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00395-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00395-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, Ruddlesden popper phase (RPP) family member with formula La<sub>2</sub>XO<sub>4</sub> has been explored by using theoretical quantum computational method CASTEP code to analyze its electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Moreover, density functional perturbation theory has been employed to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the compounds. Results revel that these compounds have zero-point energy ranging from 0.8648 to 1.0875 eV which is important for solar applications since it affects electron-phonon coupling, bandgap, and material stability. Heat capacity clearly rises with temperature, approaching to Dulong–Petit limit at approximately 600 K. Electronic structure analysis revels that the compounds are semiconductor in nature with direct bandgaps for La<sub>2</sub>ZnO<sub>4</sub> (1.62 eV) and La<sub>2</sub>CaO<sub>4</sub> (2.09 eV) while La<sub>2</sub>MgO<sub>4</sub> (3.40 eV) and La<sub>2</sub>BeO<sub>4</sub> (3.56 eV) demonstrate indirect bandgaps. Optical features of the compounds are also analyzed including dielectric function, optical conductivity, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, reflectivity, refractive index, and loss function for photovoltaic applications. Notably, high values of absorption coefficient (10<sup>5</sup> cm<sup>− 1</sup><sub>)</sub>, dielectric function (10), optical conductivity (8 fs<sup>− 1</sup>), refractive index ranging from 3 to 4 lie in the visible and near UV range. Additionally, elastic properties confirm the ductile nature of these materials, supporting their suitability for flexible photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"321 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric relaxation in Ba0.95Bi0.05TiO3 and Ba0.85Bi0.15TiO3 ceramics synthesized by sol - gel method","authors":"Nabiya Iqbal, Anju Dixit, Pramod S. Dobal","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00397-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00397-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, bismuth doped barium titanate was synthesized by the sol– gel method. The samples were prepared using the chemical formula, Ba<sub>1 − x</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> in which compositions corresponding to x = 0.05 and 0.15 i.e., Ba<sub>0.95</sub>Bi<sub>0.05</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BBT5) and Ba<sub>0.85</sub>Bi<sub>0.15</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BBT15), showed a relaxor - type behavior. The temperature and frequency dependent dielectric measurements, were made which clearly showed that the peak corresponding to the dielectric maxima shifted towards higher temperature as frequency is increased in both the cases. The calculated values of the index of relaxation and the broadening parameter from the linear fit of the experimental data which was plotted according to the modified Curie– Weiss law also supported this behavior. At 500 kHz, the index of relaxation was calculated as 1.61 and 1.43 for BBT5 and BBT15 respectively and the broadening parameter as 121.5 K and 96.9 K for BBT5 and BBT15 respectively. It was also concluded that lower concentration of bismuth (x = 0.05) showed a better performance as compared to that of the higher one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"312 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abrar Nazir, Ali B. M. Ali, Ejaz Ahmad Khera, Mudassar Ameen, Mumtaz Manzoor, Sadaf Sahid, V. Revathi, Mohamed Kallel, Shoira Formanova, Ramesh Sharma
{"title":"A DFT study of Alkaline-earth-metal-doped Hf1 − xAxO2(A = Be, Mg, Ca) for photovolataic applications","authors":"Abrar Nazir, Ali B. M. Ali, Ejaz Ahmad Khera, Mudassar Ameen, Mumtaz Manzoor, Sadaf Sahid, V. Revathi, Mohamed Kallel, Shoira Formanova, Ramesh Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00394-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00394-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been employed to examine the structural, electronic, magnetic and optical characteristics of alkaline earth metals doped (Be, Mg and Ca) doped (Hf<sub>1-x</sub>A<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) alloys using the FP-LAPW (full-potential augmented plane wave plus local orbital) method and GGA and TB-mBJ exchange correlation methods. All studied compounds are structurally stable due to negative (formation energy) values. The computed results, including the band gap and lattice characteristics, correspond well with the existing experimental results. According to the band structure and density of states calculation, Hf<sub>1-x</sub>A<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has wider band gaps for spin up configuration and reduced energy gaps of 4.71 3.41, 3.35 and 3.02 eV has been found for pure c-HfO<sub>2</sub>, Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2,</sub> Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Be<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> respectively. The PDOS results demonstrate that the formation of conduction and valance bands is due to Hf-<i>6s</i> orbitals and Mg/Ca/Be-<i>s</i> states. Additionally, we have investigated the optical characteristics that correspond to the real and imaginary portion of the dielectric function in the region of 0–12 eV, such as absorption coefficient, optical conductivity, refractive index, reflectivity and energy loss function. Moreover, Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has a wide range of absorption in the UV-visible region, which indicates that this material is suitable for opto-electronic and solar cell applications. The refractive index suggests that Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>O<sub>2</sub> could be a potential candidate for applications to high-density optical data storage devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"269 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thanatep Phatungthane, Ratabongkot Sanjoom, Suriya Prasomthong, Gobwute Rujijanagul
{"title":"Enhanced dielectric properties of BaFe0.5Ta0.5O3 ceramics synthesized via molten salt technique","authors":"Thanatep Phatungthane, Ratabongkot Sanjoom, Suriya Prasomthong, Gobwute Rujijanagul","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00393-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00393-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this investigation, we report the synthesis of barium iron tantalate (BaFe<sub>0.5</sub>Ta<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; BFT) utilizing the molten salt method. The process yielded pure-phase perovskite powders at the relatively low calcination temperature of 700 °C. Subsequent fabrication of BFT ceramics from these calcined powders revealed notable properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the cubic symmetry of the ceramics. All samples exhibited pronounced frequency-dependent dielectric behavior, with those sintered at 1,250 °C demonstrating particularly remarkable properties. Specifically, these ceramics achieved exceptionally high dielectric constants (ε<sub>r</sub> ~ 5.30 × 10<sup>5</sup> at 1 kHz and 230 °C). Impedance spectroscopic analysis revealed that the dielectric behavior of the ceramics can be attributed to the Maxwell–Wagner polarization mechanism, as the ceramics demonstrated heterogeneous conduction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"305 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of modified bismuth ferrite (1-x)BiFeO3 -x(BiK)Ti/MnO3, (x = 0.15, 0.20)","authors":"S. K. Sourav, R. N. P. Choudhary, Umakant Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00387-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00387-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present era, the main aim of the researchers is to develop lead-free materials for ferroelectric material devices. Ceramics of perovskite compounds were successfully synthesized using a chemical decomposition method, with the composition (1-x) BiFeO<sub>3</sub>-x(Bi K)TiMnO<sub>3</sub>, where x was varied at 0.15 and 0.20. The average crystallite size for BKTM with 15% content and BKTM with 20% content was determined utilizing the Scherrer formula, resulting in 25.34 nm and 24.35 nm, respectively. The confirmation of compound creation was based on the analysis of Crystelloplotic XRD pattern data. The BKTM 15% exhibits an average grain size of 0.41 µm, while BKTM 20% shows 0.40 µm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis detected elements such as Bi, Fe, Na, K, Ti, and Mn. Modulus property exploration revealed non-Debye model relaxation behavior, which was observed particularly for sensor technology applications. To investigate the relaxation and conduction mechanisms in these samples were conducted at different temperatures and recurrence. Additionally, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to examine particle allocation and the location of grain boundaries. Impedance spectroscopic studies covered a wide temperature range (300 K-780 K) and a broad recurrence range (10<sup>3</sup>–10<sup>6</sup> Hz). Complex plane and Impedance scale are semicircular arcs, which are related to the semiconducting character of the sample.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"293 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of MgO ceramics by low temperature sintering with MgF2 and Al2O3 as sintering additives","authors":"Yicheng Xiao, Deqing Cheng, Guang Li, Ruiming Yin, Pengfei Li, Zhen Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00391-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00391-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>MgO ceramics with high density and superior properties were prepared from MgO powder using MgF₂ and Al₂O₃ as sintering aids via gelcasting and pressureless sintering. XRD, SEM and EDS were used to analyze the samples. The addition of MgF₂ and Al₂O₃ (with a ratio of Al₂O₃:MgF ₂ = 2–8:4) has been shown to enhance the densification and properties of MgO ceramics. This beneficial liquid phase may be attributed to the synergistic effects of liquid-phase sintering and spinelization reactions, which wet grain boundaries, promote particle rearrangement and mass transport, fill intergranular pores, and accelerate densification. At 1550 °C with an Al₂O₃:MgF ₂ ratio of 6:4, the MgO ceramics achieved optimal values for bulk density (3.331 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), thermal conductivity (39.2W/(m·K)), and flexural strength (63.15 MPa).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 3","pages":"281 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulating spatial distribution of silicon and graphite for high-performance anode materials via plasma-assisted ball milling","authors":"Junjie Peng, Zixiang Yu, Yanmin Yang, Guiyang Xie, Shengyu Wu, Huinan Lin, Yingbin Lin","doi":"10.1007/s10832-025-00388-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10832-025-00388-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silicon-graphite (Si/Gr) composite anode materials are essential for the advancement of high specific energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), yet their performances are often constrained by the interfacial interactions between Si and Gr. In this work, we used ball milling and plasma-assisted ball milling on Gr and nano-sized Si powders, followed by chitosan encapsulation and carbonization to synthesize SG@C and P-SG@C materials, respectively. Our findings indicated that plasma ball milling in an argon atmosphere promotes the exfoliation of Gr while facilitating the intercalation of Si particles within the Gr layers, thereby enhancing encapsulation by chitosan. Compared to SG@C, P-SG@C demonstrates superior initial specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency (CE), achieving a reversible specific capacity of 550.6 mAh/g with a capacity retention of 62.8% after 100 cycles at 0.5 A/g. Furthermore, we observed that the SG@C anodecharacterized by a random arrangement of Si and Gr resulting in degradation. In contrast, P-SG@C demonstrates a concurrent degradation pattern for both components. These observations underscore the advantages of plasma ball milling in optimizing the composite structure of Si and Gr, while highlighting how spatial distribution influences degradation mechanisms affecting anode performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"53 2","pages":"257 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}