Journal of Coatings Technology and Research最新文献

{"title":"Silicone-modified acrylic hybrid latex: film formation and performance","authors":"Ruofei Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Xin Sun,&nbsp;Kai Yang,&nbsp;Lizhuang Chen,&nbsp;Benqing Li,&nbsp;Zhengbai Zhao,&nbsp;Lixin Xu,&nbsp;Weili Li","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01226-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01226-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional waterborne acrylic latex formulations commonly rely on substantial quantities of hydrophilic monomers and additives during synthesis, which often result in coatings exhibiting high surface hydrophilicity. This inherent hydrophilicity adversely affects key performance attributes such as antifouling and corrosion resistance in the cured films. To address these limitations, an organosilicone-modified acrylic latex was successfully synthesized via in-situ emulsion polymerization. A key innovation of this work involves the development of a effective strategy to overcome interfacial compatibility issues between polymer phases with significantly different polarities. This was achieved through the establishment of chemical bonds between the organosilicone and acrylic resins, allowing their encapsulation by surfactant micelles and enabling homogeneous dispersion within the aqueous phase. Structural and morphological analyses including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering for particle size and zeta potential measurements, and transmission electron microscopy—confirmed that the hybrid latex particles adopted a core–shell-like architecture encapsulated by surfactant micelles, thereby promoting colloidal stability in water. During film formation, water evaporation induced capillary forces that drove particle approximation, deformation, and coalescence, ultimately leading to emulsion destabilization. The hybrid latex exhibited self-stratification behavior attributable to differences in polarity and density between the constituent polymers, as evidenced by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). This resulted in the migration of organosilicone components toward the coating–air interface, imparting the final films with enhanced heat resistance, antifouling characteristics, surface hydrophobicity, and improved corrosion resistance.These findings underscore the effectiveness of the in-situ modification approach in improving the functional properties of waterborne acrylic coatings via controlled phase separation and surface enrichment with organosilicone constituents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 4","pages":"1947 - 1959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed-loop design of nuclear-grade epoxy coatings: linking bio-based curing chemistry to microstructure and performance","authors":"Xingyao Wang,&nbsp;Cheng Qian,&nbsp;Baolei Liu,&nbsp;Qianping Ran,&nbsp;Yuancheng Wu,&nbsp;Jinxiang Hong,&nbsp;Song Mu","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01267-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01267-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The long-term safety of nuclear power plants requires organic coatings that retain adhesion and structural continuity under combined thermal, radiolytic, and chemical loading associated with design-basis accident (DBA) scenarios. In this work, a closed-loop formulation–microstructure–performance strategy was implemented to develop an epoxy coating for nuclear applications, with emphasis on a biomass-derived phenalkamine curing agent (107). Cure behavior of three epoxy/amine systems (2029-4, 2259, 107) was quantified by FTIR peak integration of the oxirane band at 910–917 cm⁻¹ together with DSC and DMA. The epoxy-107 system exhibited the deepest cure and the highest network density, achieving a glass transition temperature of 85.5 °C and a crosslink density of approximately 1.4 × 10⁻³ mol/cm³ at an optimal epoxy:amine equivalent ratio of 1:0.82, surpassing the conventional aliphatic and cycloaliphatic amines. High-throughput screening of defoamers, dispersants, leveling agents, and filler combinations, followed by SEM and X-ray microcomputed tomography, yielded an additive package that reduced coating porosity to about 0.15% and ensured uniform pigment/filler dispersion. Under simulated DBA conditions and 0.1 M HNO₃ immersion, the optimized epoxy-107 coating maintained film integrity with only slight surface wrinkling, lower water uptake, and higher adhesion retention than the 2259-cured counterpart. The superior durability is attributed to the hybrid molecular architecture of phenalkamine 107, in which aromatic segments provide thermal rigidity while long aliphatic chains confer hydrophobicity and stress relaxation. The results demonstrate that bio-based phenalkamines can deliver nuclear-grade performance and provide a transferable framework for designing sustainable epoxy coatings for extreme service environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2467 - 2485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, controlled release, and anticorrosion performance of benzotriazole-loaded zinc ion-modified halloysite nanotubes in epoxy coatings","authors":"Thanh Hai Pham,&nbsp;Van Cuong Tran,&nbsp;Nhi Tru Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01273-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01273-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) loaded with the corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole (BTA) have been utilized to enhance the corrosion resistance of epoxy coatings. To improve BTA loading capacity, the HNTs were thermally treated and modified with Zn²⁺ ions. Furthermore, to control the release of BTA, Zn²⁺ ions were also used to form Zn–BTA complexes at the tube ends, acting as end stoppers. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the combination of heat treatment and Zn²⁺ modification significantly increased the BTA loading capacity of HNTs, reaching up to 15.5 wt%. UV–Vis spectroscopy demonstrated that, under neutral conditions, the additive with Zn²⁺ end stoppers exhibited a much slower BTA release rate compared to the non-end-stoppered system, while the release rate significantly increased in acidic environments. The corrosion protection performance of epoxy coatings containing the BTA-loaded, Zn²⁺-modified HNTs was evaluated using electrochemical methods and salt spray testing. Results indicated that a 3 wt% additive loading provided the best corrosion resistance, significantly outperforming conventional epoxy coatings. Additionally, salt spray tests on commercial zinc-rich epoxy coatings with scribed defects revealed that the inclusion of the BTA-loaded, Zn²⁺-modified HNTs imparted active corrosion inhibition. These findings suggest that the prepared benzotriazole-loaded zinc ion-modified HNTs are a promising candidate for incorporation into epoxy coatings to improve the anticorrosion performance of carbon steel.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2535 - 2544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated ponding water resistance assessment of acrylic roof coatings","authors":"Sumit Khatri,&nbsp;Michael Mullins,&nbsp;Adem Chich,&nbsp;Robert Holt,&nbsp;Brad Grzybowski,&nbsp;Hung-Jue Sue","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01269-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01269-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water ponding on low-slope roofs accelerates biofilm colonization, ultimately driving premature failure of roof coatings. Conventional field exposure tests may take years before meaningful performance assessment can be made, hampering product development. In this study, a combined experimental–numerical simulation that determines the ponding water resistance of commercial acrylic coatings within a day has been demonstrated by grafting pre-grown live algae onto the candidate coating surface, followed by the forced drying of the algae, which induces shrinkage within the biofilm and consequently generates internal stresses on the underlying coating, ultimately triggering crack initiation and propagation within the coating. This is in addition to surface erosion caused on the algae-covered coating surface. Full-field surface strains are captured via 2D digital image correlation (DIC). The strain histories are fed into an Abaqus^® finite element method model in which a transversely isotropic thermal shrinkage analog represents algae contraction to simulate the 3D stress distribution. The combined algae grafting/DIC approach delivers quantitative, mechanistic insight into biofilm-induced damage within a day, offering an accelerated tool for roof-coating development and assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2497 - 2506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-025-01269-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering of delignified wood phase-change composites: synergy between vacuum impregnation and surface coating for intelligent thermal management","authors":"Xiaodong Zhu,&nbsp;Yangweizhe Zheng,&nbsp;Jintao Lu,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11998-026-01290-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-026-01290-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Delignified wood (DLW) with its hierarchically porous structure serves as a sustainable and robust scaffold for shaping phase change materials (PCMs). This work designs a multifunctional wood-based composite by vacuum-impregnating n-octadecane into DLW and delignified-hemicellulose wood (DHLW) matrices, followed by coating with wood wax oil or polyurethane. The n-octadecane/DLW composite demonstrated an optimal phase change enthalpy of 165 J/g with a transition temperature (25–30 °C) well-within the human comfort zone. Removal of hemicellulose compromised the structural integrity of the wood scaffold, resulting in a 19% reduction in latent heat. Crucially, the surface coating played a decisive role in modulating the thermal performance: wood wax oil enhanced the enthalpy by 20% (to 197.2 J/g) via a hydrophobic sealing effect, whereas the polyurethane coating caused a 39% reduction due to its spatial hindrance. Thermal stability analysis confirmed that the composites are reliable for practical applications, with decomposition temperatures exceeding 220 °C. This study elucidates the synergistic substrate-component–interface relationship in bio-based PCMs, providing a new paradigm for developing intelligent temperature-regulating wood and sustainable thermal management materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2753 - 2762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of acrylic emulsion by using a bio-based monomer with enhanced water resistance for exterior emulsion paint","authors":"Akash R. Parvate,&nbsp;Aarti P. More","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01266-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01266-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing need for sustainable waterborne coatings has raised interest in acrylic emulsions that can deliver durability, flexibility, and strong water resistance for exterior applications. Conventional systems based on MMA and BA provide balanced mechanical properties but often lack long-term hydrophobicity, while previous research on bio-based hydrophobic monomers has mostly focused on solvent-based systems, leaving a gap in waterborne formulations. To address this, we synthesized acrylic emulsions via emulsion polymerization by systematically replacing BA with bio-based C-13 methacrylate (C-13 MA) and evaluated their structural and performance characteristics using DLS, ATR-FTIR, viscosity, contact angle, and water absorption studies. The results revealed that increasing C-13 MA content led to larger particle sizes, higher viscosities, and enhanced hydrophobicity due to the incorporation of its long alkyl chains and stabilization by reactive surfactant. Consequently, films containing higher C-13 MA exhibited greater water resistance, higher contact angles, and reduced water uptake, demonstrating the potential of C-13 MA to combine eco-friendly chemistry with improved performance for exterior decorative coatings.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2455 - 2465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of graphitic carbon nitride to enhance antifouling and anticorrosion properties of self-stratifying coatings","authors":"Prasad R. Deshpande,&nbsp;R. Baloji Naik,&nbsp;Geeta K. Sharma,&nbsp;Anjali A. Athawale","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01265-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01265-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antifouling coatings play a crucial role in marine applications, and self-stratification is an advanced approach towards their development. This study presents the first-hand use of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) in PDMS-epoxy self-stratifying coatings useful for both antifouling and anticorrosion applications. Exfoliated GCN nanosheets were synthesized via thermal polycondensation of urea and characterized using FTIR, XRD, DRUV, FESEM, and TEM, confirming a nanosheet structure (~1-1.5 μm lateral size, ~ 10 nm thickness) with a band gap of ~ 3 eV. The GCN-incorporated self-stratifying coatings exhibited enhanced mechanical properties and a hydrophobic surface. The antifouling property was optimal in the presence of 0.4 wt% GCN nanofiller as evidenced by the pseudo-barnacle test (under a shear force of 29.45 N) and supported by contact angle measurements. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that the GCN0.4 coating exhibited the highest charge transfer resistance (Rct = 1.05 × 10¹¹ Ω) and lowest CPE-derived capacitance (5.50 × 10⁻¹¹ Ω⁻¹.sⁿ), indicating enhanced barrier properties against corrosion in saline environments. Overall, these findings highlight the effectiveness of GCN nanosheets in significantly improving the antifouling and anticorrosion performance of next-generation marine protective coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2439 - 2454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignin-based sustainable flame-retardant materials for wood and wood products: modifications, performance, and durability","authors":"Deepak Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Deepa Sharma,&nbsp;Purnima Jain,&nbsp;Sweety Verma","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01264-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01264-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lignin, an abundant aromatic biopolymer extracted from biomass sources, such as pine, rice husk, wheat straw, and aspen, has emerged as a sustainable precursor for bio-based flame-retardant (FR) systems aimed at wood protection. Its high carbon content, intrinsic char-forming ability, and renewability present an environmentally compatible alternative to conventional petrochemical-derived flame retardants. This mini-review outlines recent advances in lignin modification, including phosphorus-based functionalization, N/P co-functional chemistries, and hybrid formulations incorporating inorganic fillers. These modification and hybridization strategies significantly enhance fire performance, with reported improvements in limiting oxygen index (LOI &gt; 28%), compliance with standardized vertical burning classification such as UL-94 V-0, and reduced peak heat-release metrics in cone-calorimetry assessments (pHRR reduction &gt; 40%), while retaining wood aesthetics. Scalable processing approaches such as spray coating, roll-to-roll deposition, layer-by-layer assembly, and wood impregnation techniques are also discussed. The review concludes with perspectives on industrial scalability and circular-economy integration, emphasizing design principles for developing durable, eco-efficient lignin-derived flame-retardant technologies suited to sustainable wood and wood-product applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 4","pages":"1793 - 1803"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silane modified SiO2-Ag hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced mechanical and antibacterial properties of acrylic polyurethane coating","authors":"Truc Vy Do,&nbsp;Thi Mat Le,&nbsp;Thien Vuong Nguyen,&nbsp;The Huu Nguyen,&nbsp;Ram K. Gupta,&nbsp;Tuan Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01258-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01258-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work explores how the silane modification of SiO₂-Ag hybrid nanoparticles can significantly enhance both the mechanical and antibacterial properties of acrylic polyurethane (APU) coatings. For this purpose, firstly, SiO₂-Ag hybrid nanoparticles have been fabricated by chemical reduction of Ag⁺ ion precursors on the surface of commercial nano-SiO₂ nanoparticles (20 nm) using sodium borohydride in aqueous solution. Secondly, these SiO₂-Ag hybrid nanoparticles (Ag: 10 nm; SiO₂: 20 nm) have been organically modified by using (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a silane coupling agent. Thirdly, both pure and modified SiO₂-Ag hybrid nanoparticles (SiO₂-Ag) have been added to the acrylic polyurethane (APU) coating matrices (at 0.5–4 wt.%). Data from XRD, EDX and UV-Vis confirmed the presence of both SiO₂ and AgNPs in the hybrid structure of SiO₂-Ag nanoparticles. FTIR, TGA and WCA studies confirmed the successful GPTMS modification for SiO₂-Ag. Data from mechanical tests indicated that the incorporation of both SiO₂-Ag types into the APU coating enhanced its mechanical properties, with a 2 wt.% concentration being the best. Interestingly, modified SiO₂-Ag (GPTMS-SiO₂-Ag) provided more enhancement of the mechanical properties of APU coatings, as compared to the unmodified SiO₂-Ag. By GPTMS modification, at a content of 2 wt.%, the abrasion resistance rose from 241.5 L.mil^-1 to 258.4 L.mil^-1 , whereas impact strength increased from 190 to 195 kg.cm, and relative hardness increased from 0.59 to 0.67. The antibacterial test indicated that after 24 h of incubation, the number of <i>E. coli</i> viable cells was 145 CFU/mL on the surface of APU-SiO₂-Ag coating, whereas no viable cells were detected on the surface of APU-GPTMS-SiO₂-Ag coating.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 4","pages":"2257 - 2269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of novel carboxybetaine zwitterionic copolymer modified membrane applied for oil/water mixtures","authors":"Haoyu Fang,&nbsp;Hao Song,&nbsp;Wentao Mao,&nbsp;Haiyan Qian","doi":"10.1007/s11998-025-01262-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-025-01262-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oily wastewater is increasingly affecting the earth’s ecological environment upon which human beings depend for survival. Membrane separation is an environmentally friendly, energy-saving and highly efficient separation method. In the work, one novel carboxybetaine zwitterionic monomer (CAC) were synthesized and characterized. The suspension was composed of a copolymer (P(CAC-co-HEA)) made by 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and CAC, tetraethyl silicate, and nano-silica was employed for the dip-coating treatment of a 400-mesh stainless steel mesh (SSM). The modified SSM exhibits outstanding superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. It can separate various kinds of oily wastewater with more than 99.96% separation efficiencies. Its separation water flux for mixture of petroleum ether and water reaches up to 230,000 L m⁻² h⁻¹. When the modified membranes had been successively immersed for seven days in acidic (pH 1) and 3.5% (wt.%) NaCl solution, respectively, they can still effectively separate oil/water mixtures with more than 180,000 L m⁻² h⁻¹ water flux and with a separation efficiency over 99.95% even if two membranes carried out 50 cycles of separation. The simple and facile preparation method is especially suitable for large-scale practical industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"23 5","pages":"2395 - 2411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}