Felix Steinberger, Dominik Hense, Albert Rössler, Oliver I. Strube
{"title":"Feasible estimation of weathering stability for free film acrylic coatings via dynamic mechanical analysis as the sole characterization method","authors":"Felix Steinberger, Dominik Hense, Albert Rössler, Oliver I. Strube","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01013-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01013-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Weathering stability is a highly relevant materials property, especially for exterior coatings. Assessment of artificially or naturally weathered coatings is however still mostly subjective without distinct correlation between the formulation of a coating and its weathering stability. An aggravating issue in the industrial context is the often very sparse information on the exact chemical composition of materials by the manufacturers. In this study, a quantitative method to examine weathering-induced changes in coatings with limited chemical information is described, which is based solely on dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). This approach is applied to free films to eliminate possible influences of the substrate during the measurement. The effects of artificial weathering on three exemplary acrylic waterborne wood coatings are then examined and compared to the results of state of the art artificial weathering. Precisely, the impact of additional light stabilizer on mechanical properties, molecular weight, and <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> is monitored. For the exemplary systems, it could be shown that the molecular weight of the polymers decreases during artificial weathering, where the most prominent decrease was observed in the first 300 h. In the same time frame, <i>E</i>′ and <i>E</i>″ also decrease, while the glass transition temperature increased dependent of the formulation by 6–15°C. Remarkably, for coatings without light stabilizer an apparent two-staged degradation mechanism is observed, which leads to an increase of <i>E</i>′ and <i>E</i>″ after 600 h of artificial weathering, accompanied with an increased brittleness of the free film. The primary goal of this approach is to offer a tool for quick and systematic investigation of new coating formulations in the industrial context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"839 - 848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-024-01013-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Icephobic and antisoiling performance of PDMS coating filling with inert silicon oil after prolonged outdoor exposure","authors":"Tu Shuhua, Zheng Qinwen, Zhang Jing, Feng Jie","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01009-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01009-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, much attention has been paid to the icephobic property of slippery lubricant-infused surfaces, but little attention has been paid to their antisoiling property. In this work, we prepared polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings by using methyltriacetoxysilane (TM-003) as a crosslinking agent and filling with a certain amount of inert silicone oil. We systematically studied the icephobic and antisoiling performances of these PDMS coatings by placing them outdoors for 1–2 months. Ice-adhesion strength test confirmed that the coating surface filled with inert silicone oil was more icephobic and had a better icephobic effect as the amount of inert silicone oil increased. EDS mapping confirmed that after outdoor exposure for 1–2 months, a small amount of dust deposited on the coating surface, which could be removed mostly by water rinsing and wind. The ice-adhesion strengths of the coating surface increased with the time of outdoor exposure increasing but decreased after several cycles of icing/deicing and finally stabilized at a certain level. XPS characterization confirmed that a small amount of dust was embedded in the coating surface. This work firstly confirmed that if the air was not clear, dust particles in the air would adhere to the coating and the icephobic properties of the coating would deteriorate irreversibly to some extent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"791 - 802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and synthesis of UV-cured calixarene polyurethane coatings: balancing robust mechanical properties with high self-healing efficiency","authors":"Chen Wang, Fei Gao, Sikan Peng, Jingcheng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01010-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01010-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we present the design and synthesis of a calixarene polyurethane coating, which exhibits a novel structure comprising a rigid core and flexible arms. This unique configuration enables the coating to possess both high pencil hardness while retaining efficient self-healing capabilities. The synthesis process began with the preparation of a polyurethane (PU) prepolymer (PCDL-PU), using polycarbonate diol (Mn = 500 g/mol, PCDL500) and isoflurone diisocyanate (IPDI). This prepolymer was subsequently reacted with coumarin (CM) and varying quantities of tetra-c-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene (C-4-R), yielding a series of UV-cured self-healing calixarene polyurethane compounds (PCDL-PU-CM)-(C-4-R). The molecular structure of these compounds was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A range of UV-cured self-healing polyurethane coatings were formulated using (PCDL-PU-CM)-(C-4-R), and their properties were systematically investigated. The study focused on analyzing the impact of different grafting ratios on the coatings’ properties. The findings reveal that these coatings maintain excellent self-healing abilities up to 99% efficiency, and demonstrate a significant improvement in mechanical properties. Notably, the pendulum hardness of these coatings consistently exceeded 172, while maintaining a pencil hardness of 3H.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"803 - 813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris Phillips, Andrew Claypole, Ben Clifford, Davide Deganello
{"title":"Enhanced color density from high-viscosity inkjet inks","authors":"Chris Phillips, Andrew Claypole, Ben Clifford, Davide Deganello","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01001-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01001-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inkjet printing inks are typically limited to low viscosities, employing highly dilute inks with low pigment loading compared with inks for other printing processes. This reduces color intensity, limits productivity, and requires higher drying energy. This study compares standard-viscosity graphic inkjet inks (~13 mPa.s shear viscosity) with higher-viscosity inkjet inks (~60 mPa.s), traditionally considered outside the normal jetting range, for print outcomes on corrugated cardboard with both white coated and brown uncoated liners. Higher-viscosity inks imparted greater color density to the print; this was assessed as being due to both the inherently higher viscosity of the ink reducing penetration into the substrate and the higher pigment loading capable of being contained within these inks. While standard-viscosity inks tended to plateau in color intensity as ink coverage was increased, higher-viscosity inks could increase in intensity throughout the entire coverage range on coated white liner. This effect was dependent on the substrate, with the coated white liner exhibiting up to a 67% increase in maximum color density but the uncoated brown liner showing up to a 13% increase. It is envisaged that wider adoption of higher-viscosity inks can increase both color intensity and printing speed, thus making inkjet more competitive with conventional printing processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"715 - 726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-024-01001-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
YanXin Guo, Jinwei Wang, Xinyong Su, Can Tang, Jiaao Wang
{"title":"Anti-scaling and anti-corrosive study on waterborne composite coatings based on siloxane-g-polybutadiene incorporated with PTFE and nano-SiO2-EDTA","authors":"YanXin Guo, Jinwei Wang, Xinyong Su, Can Tang, Jiaao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01011-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01011-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>SiO<sub>2</sub>-EDTA composite particles are prepared by using nano-silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) as the loading particle and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the scaling inhibitor. Then, SiO<sub>2</sub>-EDTA particle and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro powder are added in water-based silanized maleic anhydride-g-poly(1,2-butadiene) (SiMLPB) to fabricate composite coatings with good anti-scaling and anti-corrosion properties. The water contact angles (WCA) of SiMLPB increase to a maximum of 103° with the addition of PTFE at 3 wt% and then decrease slowly; based on this formulae, the WCA improves to 109<sup>o</sup> when SiO<sub>2</sub>-EDTA is added up to 2 wt%. SiMLPB/PTFE coatings exhibit good corrosion resistance with the addition of PTFE; the SiMLPB/3%PTFE/2%SiO<sub>2</sub>-EDTA composite coating possesses impedance (|<i>Z</i>|<sub>0.01Hz</sub>) value at 2 orders higher than that of the SiMLPB/PTFE0 coating at low frequency, suggesting the much greater improvement in corrosion resistance due to the synergistic effects of adding nanoparticle as a surface modifier and EDTA as a corrosion inhibitor. The deposition of CaCO<sub>3</sub> on this SiMLPB/PTFE/SiO<sub>2</sub>-EDTA composite coating reaches 0.0132 g/cm<sup>2</sup> after 120 h scaling test, which is about 79% lower than that on the pure SiMLPB coating, resulting from the chelation of EDTA that promotes the formation of more unstable scales. The improvements in both anti-corrosion and anti-scaling performances are attributed to the hydrophobic function of PTFE and nanoparticle as well as the dual functions of EDTA at an appropriate addition of SiO<sub>2-</sub>EDTA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"815 - 823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing the slow-release performance of urea by biochar polyurethanes co-coating","authors":"Shipeng Xiang, Jiayi Yang, Yufeng Chen, Mei’e Zhong, Zhichao Xiang, Zhi Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01006-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01006-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To optimize the controlled release performance of polyurethane-coated fertilizers, cotton stalk biochar was incorporated on polyurethane films. Then, the effect of biochar loading positions (inner layer, middle layer, and outer layer) on the structural and functional attributes of the biochar polyurethane co-coatings fertilizer was systematically investigated. The findings reveal that the biochar loading position significantly influences the physicochemical properties of the fertilizer. Specifically, biochar incorporated on the outermost layer of the film (BPU-O) exhibits a dense coating with rough surface morphology and high hydrophobicity, thereby demonstrating optimal-controlled release performance. BPU-O demonstrates an initial release rate of merely 1.8%, with cumulative release amounts of 20.82% at 14 d, 53.03% at 28 d, and reaching 80% after 40 d. The exceptional-controlled release performance of BPU-O can be attributed to the oxygen-containing functional groups on cotton stalk biochar. These functional groups, particularly hydroxyl groups, react with residual isocyanates on the polyurethane surface, enhancing compactness and hydrophobicity through grafting and filling effects, thereby, effectively inhibiting water ingress into the core of the fertilizer. Consequently, this work demonstrates a significant role of biochar embedding in determining the efficacy of polyurethane-controlled release fertilizers, providing valuable guidance for advancement in high-efficiency-controlled release fertilizer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"763 - 771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Kamran, Salma Bilal, Anwar Ul Haq Ali Shah
{"title":"Assessment of ZnO-doped polyaniline/Prunus domestica reinforced paint for corrosion protection of mild and stainless steel","authors":"Muhammad Kamran, Salma Bilal, Anwar Ul Haq Ali Shah","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-00996-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-00996-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There has been an increasing interest in the production of metal/metal oxide-doped conducting polymers-based composites with natural materials for application as corrosion resistant coatings on steel and other precious metals. Herein, the corrosion inhibition performance of zinc oxide-doped polyaniline/<i>Prunus domestica</i> gum (ZnO/PANI/PDG) is reported. The composites, soluble in variety of organic solvents, were prepared by emulsion polymerization of aniline in the presence of ZnO and PDG. UV-visible-NIR and FTIR spectroscopy validated the formation of composite, XRD analysis revealed the amorphous texture while SEM analysis showed broccoli-like morphology. Electrochemical behavior was studied through cyclic voltammetry (CV) showing a pair of redox peaks. The as-synthesized composites were applied for the corrosion inhibition of mild (MS) and stainless steel (SS) in 3.5% NaCl and 1 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solution. The inhibition efficiency of composite-coated MS and SS was recorded as 81.68% and 97.68% for SS in saline medium, respectively, while the inhibition efficiencies of ZnO/PANI/PDG-coated MS and SS were 99.84 and 99.50%, respectively, in 1 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. The effect of ZnO/PANI/PDG was also checked on corrosion inhibition property of selected paint both on MS and SS in the form of uniform blend of composite/paint mixture in saline and acidic medium. The composite enhanced the corrosion inhibition efficiency of paint by reducing the corrosion rate through synergistic effect. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of composite/paint blend-coated MS and SS was observed to be 99.99% both in saline and acidic medium. The results were also validated through open-circuit potential measurement and EIS analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"651 - 662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of microspore-structured replica-mediated silicone polymers for inhibition of cellular adhesion and biofilm formation","authors":"Clarita Clements, Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy, Manikandan Sivakumar, Subham Chakraborty, Naren Kumar, Anu Chandrasekar, Lakshminarayanan Sivakumar, Ramesh Kumar, Dharani Gopal","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01002-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01002-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biofilm formation on surfaces involves initial microbial attachment, leading to subsequent colonization and development of a structured community. Soft lithography with its precision in micro- and nanoscale patterning offers a versatile platform for surface modification hindering microbial adhesion and biofilm development. It opens novel applications in antibiofilm properties and self-cleaning engineered surfaces. The silicone-based organic polymer is widely used in soft lithography because of its biocompatibility, low toxicity, and mechanical flexibility. Moreover, the high WCA (110°) and its low surface energy (18.77 ± 0.05 mJ/m<sup>2</sup>) make the silicone polymer play a vital role in surface modification. Further, the polymer was characterized using ATR-FTIR and TGA to study its functional properties and its thermal stability. This study focuses on the replication of the hydrophobic surface of Gore-Tex fabric using a silicone-modified polymer as a mimic substrate, followed by investigating the biofilm attachment studies on the replicated surface. To assess the biofilm attachment studies on the negative replica, the surface is exposed for adhesion studies, and comparative studies are conducted between the replica and a control surface to assess the extent of biofilm adhesion. This research contributes valuable insights into the potential of silicone-modified polymers in mitigating biofilm-related challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"727 - 738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anticorrosion strategy for magnesium alloys through a superhydrophobic approach utilizing slippery liquid-infused porous surface coating","authors":"Hafizuddin Alias, Juliawati Alias, Nasrul Azuan Alang","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01003-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01003-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have a wide range of possible uses in various industries because of their lightweight properties. Nevertheless, the practical applications of Mg alloys are significantly limited due to their restricted corrosion resistance, despite their numerous desirable properties including low density, high specific strength, and excellent biocompatibility. Applying a protective coating to the surface can effectively inhibit corrosion. In order to create slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS), it is necessary to have suitable porous micro/nanostructures and infuse liquid lubricant using surface treatment. The coatings on Mg alloys must significantly enhance the properties such as hardness, adhesion, wear and scratch resistance, elastic modulus, tensile and fatigue strength, impact resistance, and friction coefficient, while providing superior corrosion resistance. This method has been shown to effectively resist corrosion in Mg alloys. This review article provides an overview of recent formulation of SLIPS to enhance the water-repellent properties of Mg alloys for corrosion prevention. The SLIPS technique on Mg alloys and its functional corrosion performance by biomimetic-based SLIPS, polymer-based, and layered double hydroxide (LDH) techniques breakthroughs are disclosed. SLIPS has the potential to expand the range of applications for Mg alloys, including self-cleaning, anti-icing, drag reduction, and anti-fouling capabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"491 - 510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photodegradation stability of marine coatings derived from PVC binder loaded with composite metal oxides particles","authors":"Sunida Thongjamroon, Jatuphorn Wootthikanokkhan, Nuchthana Poolthong","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01000-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01000-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to investigate the stability against photodegradation of an antifouling marine coating composed of poly(viny chloride) binder mixed with different types of metal oxides particles, including TiO<sub>2</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub> physically mixed with WO<sub>3</sub> and composite metal oxides derived from the coupling of TiO<sub>2</sub> with WO<sub>3</sub> via a sol–gel process (referred to as WO<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>). The stability test was conducted using an accelerated weathering test, and changes in chemical structure, morphology, and thermomechanical properties of the coating were determined using FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA, and tensile testing techniques, respectively. Discoloration of PVC, accompanied by deterioration and the formation of cavities on the coating surface, was observed when the binder was loaded with TiO<sub>2</sub>. These phenomena were attributed to the dehydrochlorination and photooxidative degradation of PVC, accelerated by the radical species generated from the photocatalytic reaction of TiO<sub>2</sub>. However, these features disappeared when WO<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub> particles were used as a replacement for TiO<sub>2</sub>. The discrepancies were discussed in the context of the capability of WO<sub>3</sub> to act as an electron storage substance, thereby suppressing the photooxidative degradation of PVC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"703 - 713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}