Mingwu Wang, Fei Zhong, Chunlin Chen, Xinyi Wang, Xinyu Bai, Long Liu
{"title":"Organic phosphorus–nitrogen-treated carbon nitride combined with Ni(OH)2 metal-based flame retardant to improve flame protection of waterborne epoxy coatings","authors":"Mingwu Wang, Fei Zhong, Chunlin Chen, Xinyi Wang, Xinyu Bai, Long Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01037-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01037-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphitic-phase carbon nitride (CN) is a potential flame retardant due to its unique two-dimensional structure and thermal properties. Here, hexachlorocyclic triphosphate was grafted onto CN to form organic–inorganic crosslinked nanosheets (CPH) through the abundant reactive groups of polydopamine. Then the nickel hydroxide nanosheets were loaded onto the surface of CPH to obtain CPH@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> hybrids. The combination of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> and CPH can achieve multiple flame-retardant effects with excellent catalytic char formation and gas-phase flame-retardant properties. The results show that CPH@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/EP has the highest residual char (30.2%) in the thermogravimetric experiments, which lays the foundation for its high adiabatic properties. Compared with other samples, the CPH@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/EP sample exhibits the largest expansion height (24.1 mm), the largest expansion rate (18.83), and the smallest smoke density (38.6%), which indicates a significant increase in the expansion height and smoke suppression properties. The SEM reveals a denser and more complete residual char layer for the CPH@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/EP samples. Some metal oxides were embedded in the residual char, which was essential for improving the heat resistance and strength of the char layer. Evidently, CPH@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> can effectively improve the flame-retardant properties of epoxy coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1113 - 1129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael Bruno da Cunha Fonseca, Mariana Cristina Silva Diniz
{"title":"Comparative review of bioinspired bactericidal surfaces for uses in space exploration","authors":"Rafael Bruno da Cunha Fonseca, Mariana Cristina Silva Diniz","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01034-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01034-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Space exploration has burgeoned into a billion-dollar industry, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge in various fields. The prospect of space stations being accessible to part of the population by the end of the century is within reach. However, the bacterial ecology in these stations poses a significant threat, as the hostile environment may increase the mutation rate, potentially leading to new pandemics upon return to Earth. One proposed mitigation strategy is the development of bactericidal surfaces that prevent bacteria from adhering and promote their inactivation. Bioinspired approaches offer promising solutions given their efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. This paper conducts a comprehensive literature review on bacteria in the space environment, using the International Space Station as a reference. In addition to presenting a brief overview of various bactericidal coating strategies currently studied or employed, three specific production approaches are examined in more detail: antimicrobial peptide coatings, quaternary ammonium compound coatings, and nanostructured surfaces that promote bacterial lysis. The study concludes that while antimicrobial peptides are susceptible to radiation and quaternary ammonium compounds raise concerns about genotoxicity, nanostructured surfaces emerge as a robust solution due to their structural stability and immense potential for applications in the aerospace industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"605 - 618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polysilazane/micro-arc oxidation pore-sealing composite coatings to protect magnesium alloys from corrosion","authors":"Han Yan, Xuejun Cui, Hongxia Zhu, Yuming Qi, Xingyou Chen, Qingchuan Ren","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01038-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01038-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microporosity of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings hindered their application on magnesium alloys. Here, the polysilazane (PSZ) was used to seal the pores of MAO coatings by spraying, creating a corrosion-resistant MAO/PSZ composite coating on AZ31B Mg alloy. The active groups (Si–N) in the PSZ layer hydrolyzed in the presence of moisture and they typically cured at elevated temperatures to form a solid ceramic layer. Its morphology, hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance and other properties were studied in detail. The PSZ formed a hydrophobic pore-sealing layer on the MAO layer with high bond strength. Moreover, the self-corrosion current density of the coating was significantly reduced (2.95 × 10<sup>–5</sup> μA/cm<sup>2</sup>), indicating enhancement of the corrosion protection ability. This is attributed to the dense and strong Si–O pore-sealing layer formed by the PSZ polymer on MAO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1131 - 1144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of anhydride categories on the properties of UV-curable epoxy acrylic resin","authors":"Rouyan Li, Ting Peng, Yanan Zhu, Jinqing Qu","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01039-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01039-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>UV-curable epoxy acrylic resin (EA) has been widely used due to its high hardness, good thermal stability, and low cost. However, EA has some disadvantages including poor flexibility and low impact resistance, which limit the application field of EA resin. Herein, the modified EA resin (REA) was synthesized by modifying bisphenol A epoxy resin (E51) with esterification products of cyclic anhydride (RAH) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). The effects of anhydride categories on REA properties including mechanical properties, thermostability, gel content, and comprehensive properties were studied. It was found that UV-cured REA resin formed by the anhydride carrying benzene ring or C=C double bond exhibited high gel contents, high tensile stresses (40 MPa), high pencil hardness (H), and excellent water resistance. As the carbon chain of the anhydride increased, the viscosity of the modified resin product decreased sharply, the elongation at break and the thermal stability of the cured resin were improved, and the flexibility and the impact resistance of the cured film were enhanced. In order to combine the advantages of a flexible long chain and rigid benzene ring, REA was modified by chemical blending of glutaric anhydride (GAH) and phthalic anhydride (PAH). When the GAH/PAH molar ratio was 0.3:0.7, the UV-cured film exhibited better impact resistance (35 cm·kg) and flexibility (1 mm) compared with EA, as well as excellent water resistance and ethanol resistance. The results provide theoretical guidance for the design and synthesis of high-performance UV-curable resins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1145 - 1158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philipp Knospe, Marya Shams Uldeen, René Reichmann, Julia Seithümmer, Ali Abdulkarim, Lea V. Rubbert, Felix Knospe, Michael Dornbusch
{"title":"Next-generation urea resins: formaldehyde-free coating materials based on higher aldehydes and amides","authors":"Philipp Knospe, Marya Shams Uldeen, René Reichmann, Julia Seithümmer, Ali Abdulkarim, Lea V. Rubbert, Felix Knospe, Michael Dornbusch","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01027-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01027-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urea-formaldehyde resins, which are often used indoors as coatings or adhesives due to their limited resistance to moisture, are becoming less and less important, particularly due to the increasingly strict limit values for formaldehyde.<sup>1</sup> The release of toxicologically harmful formaldehyde is possible even after curing, so that these resins, which have been favored in terms of price, are increasingly being substituted.<sup>2</sup> This work focused on the synthesis of formaldehyde-free coating materials based on higher aldehydes, which can be cured with urea or urea derivatives. The substitution of formaldehyde, which is becoming more and more restricted, also makes it easier to produce and handle these resins on an industrial scale. Especially higher aldehydes of the benzaldehyde type were investigated, as these do not mechanistically release formaldehyde during the curing reaction with urea and are also unable to form colored enamides.<sup>3</sup> Both aspects were confirmed in this work. The crosslinking mechanism was investigated using spectroscopic methods such as IR or Raman, and the mechanical properties of the resulting coatings were examined using DMA and rheometer-DMTA. Furthermore, application tests in accordance with DIN were carried out. Especially adducts from renewable 5-hydroxymetylfurfural turned out to form high performance coatings when crosslinked with urea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"999 - 1017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11998-024-01027-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and performance of waterborne polyurethane composite coatings for electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Yue Zhang, Zhengxun Liu, Yunhua Han, Shiyang Zhu, Jiaqi Zhuo, Yizeng Di, Xihao Ling, Hongyan Yao, Shaowei Guan","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01033-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01033-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing severity of electromagnetic pollution has prompted the development of various conductive polymer composite materials for electromagnetic protection in recent years. However, research specifically focused on conductive polymer composite coatings remains limited. In this study, we prepared two types of conductive coatings, which are designated as UP and UC coatings, using waterborne polyurethane (WPU) combined with polyaniline (PANI) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) through a standard preparation method involving paint formulation and air spraying. We conducted a thorough evaluation and comparison of the performance of these coatings. Both UP and UC coatings exhibited commendable mechanical properties, including adhesion, impact strength, and hardness. Notably, the UC coatings demonstrated higher conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capabilities compared to the UP coatings. Specifically, the UP-20 coating achieved a high conductivity of 97.79 S m<sup>−1</sup>, a moderate total shielding effectiveness (SE<sub>T</sub>) of 7.47 dB, and an impressive specific shielding effectiveness (SSE) of 983.7 dB cm<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> at 8.2 GHz. Overall, the UP coatings show significant potential and advantages for everyday applications in electromagnetic protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1079 - 1086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hayder Talal, Abdulrazzak Akroot, Mohammed H. Al Maamori, A. Najah Saud, Kamil Arslan
{"title":"Enhancing solar panel efficiency with a multifunctional nanocomposite coating: self-cleaning and cooling properties of ZnO, SiO2, and chlorophyll integration","authors":"Hayder Talal, Abdulrazzak Akroot, Mohammed H. Al Maamori, A. Najah Saud, Kamil Arslan","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01032-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01032-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the development of a multifunctional nanocomposite coating aimed at enhancing the efficiency of solar panels through self-cleaning and cooling properties. The novel coating integrates nanosized zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>), and chlorophyll to address two significant challenges: dust accumulation and thermal management. The results showed that the ZnO coating exhibits the highest visible light transmittance (96.38%), while the combined coating containing ZnO, SiO<sub>2</sub>, and chlorophyll achieves a balanced transmittance of 93.48%. In terms of UV absorption, chlorophyll significantly enhances the coating's ability to protect underlying materials from UV damage, complemented by ZnO's protective qualities. Furthermore, the coating's thermal emissivity is optimized, with the combined formulation showing the highest emissivity, indicating superior heat management capabilities. Contact angle measurements reveal that the multifunctional coating exhibits hydrophobic properties, contributing to effective self-cleaning by minimizing dust accumulation—evident over a 7-day assessment period. Performance testing indicates that the coated panels demonstrate up to 22.12% improvement in power output and notable cooling enhancements, with surface temperatures decreasing by up to 9.62%. These findings suggest that the proposed nanocomposite coating not only improves energy efficiency by minimizing maintenance needs but also advances the sustainability of solar energy technologies, making it a promising solution for photovoltaic applications, particularly in dust-prone environments. Further research will focus on optimizing the coating's formulation and exploring its long-term performance in real-world conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1065 - 1077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gangue geopolymer to strength fire resistance of intumescent waterborne coating","authors":"Peixi Wang, Xiaofeng Tan, Haidong Hao, Pengfei Wang, Hongliang Li, Bao Li, Jianchao Ma, Chunli Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01026-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01026-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on its characteristics, gangue, which contains stabilized silica and aluminum oxide, is suitable for preparing high-temperature-resistant materials. Geopolymer (GP) derived from gangue (CG) is characterized by a three-dimensional mesh structure and used as a filler in water-based intumescent fireproofing coatings, which improves the fire performance of the coatings and, to a certain extent, also alleviates the environmental problems caused by the large number of outputs of CG, and plays the role of turning waste into treasure. Experimental tests showed that the fireproof coating with 4% GP showed excellent high-temperature fire retardant properties, and the maximum expansion factor was 16.3, and the minimum backsheet temperature was 256.4°C by simulating the large-board method. The addition of GP with three-dimensional mesh structure enhances the densification of the coating and delays the burning time of the coating, which is delayed by 10 s compared with that of the coating without GP. In addition, it also reduces the generation of CO, has less heat release and better thermal stability, which can be confirmed by the cone calorimeter test and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the coating with the addition of 4% GP is 60.2%, which is much higher than that of the flame retardant standard (27%). The results of these tests show the coating’s excellent ability to form a protective barrier, limit heat transfer and delay the decomposition process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"985 - 998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengtian He, Rongrong Chen, Xin Liu, Chao Wang, Qi Liu, Jingyuan Liu, Peili Liu, Jun Wang
{"title":"Synthesis of eugenol ester-based sily-acrylate polymer and its antifouling properties","authors":"Chengtian He, Rongrong Chen, Xin Liu, Chao Wang, Qi Liu, Jingyuan Liu, Peili Liu, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01018-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01018-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine biofouling has caused huge economic and energy losses, and the application of marine antifouling coatings is one of the effective solutions to this problem. Sily-acrylate based self-polishing coatings are favored because of excellent antifouling performance. However, weak static antifouling performance restricts the development of sily-acrylate based antifouling coatings. To solve this problem, an eugenol ester-based sily-acrylate polymer (EMSPs) is synthesised, which showed both self-polishing and antifouling performance. The highest content of eugenol (EMSP-16) inhibits <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i> and <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</i> up to 62.2% and 76.3%, respectively, and inhibits the adhesion of <i>Halamphora sp.</i> and <i>Nitzschia closterium (N. closterium)</i> up to 85.1% and 90.8%, respectively. Mussel adhesion experiments show that mussels tend to avoid coatings with high eugenol content. The eugenol ester-based sily-acrylate polymer provides a new way to develop new environmentally friendly marine antifouling coatings and alleviate heavy metal pollution in the marine environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"901 - 910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"UV-curable hydrophobic wood coatings based on sol–gel derived organic–inorganic hybrid systems","authors":"Tahereh Hayeri, Vijay Mannari","doi":"10.1007/s11998-024-01028-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11998-024-01028-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wood, valued for its low weight-to-strength ratio, eco-friendly nature, widespread availability, and excellent mechanical properties, plays a crucial role in various applications. Due to its biodegradability and ease of processing, it is a universal building product used in outdoor applications and interior decoration. Our pioneering work focuses on the development of a series of UV-curable organic–inorganic hybrid (OIH) coatings by leveraging sol–gel reactions of organosilane precursors under ambient moisture. The organo-siloxane network formed is to the wood substrate and offers outstanding barrier properties. This hybrid network can be manipulated on micro- or nano-scales by varying the organic–inorganic ratio. The hydrophobic characteristics of the OIH system significantly reduce the interaction between the wood substrate and ambient moisture, enhancing overall durability, abrasion resistance, chemical and stain resistance, and surface cleanability. This innovative approach also eliminates numerous additives and nanoparticles commonly used in conventional wood coatings, thus promoting sustainability. The systems’ versatility is evident in their ability to undergo both ambient curing and UV techniques, making them suitable for a wide range of applications in architectural and industrial coatings, for both indoor and outdoor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coatings Technology and Research","volume":"22 3","pages":"1019 - 1035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}