世界病毒学杂志(英文版)最新文献

{"title":"Long-term follow-up of kidney transplant recipients admitted to a tertiary care transplant center with SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Emily E Zona, Mina L Gibes, Asha S Jain, Jeannina A Smith, Jacqueline M Garonzik-Wang, Didier A Mandelbrot, Sandesh Parajuli","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i2.95273","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i2.95273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease and mortality after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We predicted that hospitalization for COVID-19 and subsequent admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) would yield worse outcomes in KTRs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate outcomes among KTRs hospitalized at our high-volume transplant center either on the general hospital floor or the ICU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively describe all adult KTRs who were hospitalized at our center with their first SARS-CoV-2 infection between 04/2020 and 04/2022 and had at least 12 months follow-up (unless they experienced graft failure or death). The cohort was stratified by ICU admission. Outcomes of interest included risk factors for ICU admission and mortality, length of stay (LOS), respiratory symptoms at admission, all-cause graft failure at the last follow-up, and death related to COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>96 KTRs were hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection. 21 (22%) required ICU admission. The ICU group had longer hospital LOS (21.8 <i>vs</i> 8.6 days, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and were more likely to experience graft failure (81% <i>vs</i> 31%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Of those admitted to the ICU, 76% had death at last-follow up, and 71% had death related to COVID-19. Risk factors for ICU admission included male sex (aHR: 3.11, 95%CI: 1.04-9.34; <i>P</i> = 0.04). Risk factors for all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related mortality included ICU admission and advanced age at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Mortality was highest within a month of COVID-19 diagnosis, with the ICU group having increased risk of all-cause (aHR: 11.2, 95%CI: 5.11-24.5; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and COVID-19-related mortality (aHR: 27.2, 95%CI: 8.69-84.9; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICU admission conferred an increased risk of mortality, graft failure, and longer LOS. One-fifth of those hospitalized died of COVID-19, reflecting the impact of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among KTRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 2","pages":"95273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes simplex keratitis: A brief clinical overview.","authors":"Mutali Musa, Ehimare Enaholo, Gladness Aluyi-Osa, George Nnamdi Atuanya, Leopoldo Spadea, Carlo Salati, Marco Zeppieri","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of our minireview is to provide a brief overview of the diagnosis, clinical aspects, treatment options, management, and current literature available regarding herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). This type of corneal viral infection is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which can affect several tissues, including the cornea. One significant aspect of HSK is its potential to cause recurrent episodes of inflammation and damage to the cornea. After the initial infection, the HSV can establish a latent infection in the trigeminal ganglion, a nerve cluster near the eye. The virus may remain dormant for extended periods. Periodic reactivation of the virus can occur, leading to recurrent episodes of HSK. Factors triggering reactivation include stress, illness, immunosuppression, or trauma. Recurrent episodes can manifest in different clinical patterns, ranging from mild epithelial involvement to more severe stromal or endothelial disease. The severity and frequency of recurrences vary among individuals. Severe cases of HSK, especially those involving the stroma and leading to scarring, can result in vision impairment or even blindness in extreme cases. The cornea's clarity is crucial for good vision, and scarring can compromise this, potentially leading to visual impairment. The management of HSK involves not only treating acute episodes but also implementing long-term strategies to prevent recurrences and attempt repairs of corneal nerve endings <i>via</i> neurotization. Antiviral medications, such as oral Acyclovir or topical Ganciclovir, may be prescribed for prophylaxis. The immune response to the virus can contribute to corneal damage. Inflammation, caused by the body's attempt to control the infection, may inadvertently harm the corneal tissues. Clinicians should be informed about triggers and advised on measures to minimize the risk of reactivation. In summary, the recurrent nature of HSK underscores the importance of both acute and long-term management strategies to preserve corneal health and maintain optimal visual function.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"89934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends in hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma mortality: A public database analysis (1999-2019).","authors":"Hassam Ali, Fnu Vikash, Vishali Moond, Fatima Khalid, Abdur Rehman Jamil, Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Amir Humza Sohail, Manesh Kumar Gangwani, Pratik Patel, Sanjaya K Satapathy","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and it significantly contributes to the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are marked variations in the incidence and mortality rates of HCC across different geographical regions. With the advent of new widely available treatment modalities, such as direct-acting antivirals, it is becoming increasingly imperative to understand the temporal and geographical trends in HCC mortality associated with Hepatitis C. Furthermore, gender disparities in HCC mortality related to Hepatitis C are a crucial, yet underexplored aspect that adds to the disease's global impact. While some studies shed light on gender-specific trends, there is a lack of comprehensive data on global and regional mortality rates, particularly those highlighting gender disparities. This gap in knowledge hinders the development of targeted interventions and resource allocation strategies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To understand the global and regional trends in Hepatitis C-related HCC mortality rates from 1990 to 2019, along with gender disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized the Global Burden of Disease database, a comprehensive repository for global health metrics to age-standardized mortality rates due to Hepatitis C-related HCC from 1999 to 2019. Rates were evaluated per 100000 population and assessed by World Bank-defined regions. Temporal trends were determined using Joinpoint software and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) method, and results were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2019, overall, there was a significant decline in HCC-related mortality rates with an AAPC of -0.80% (95%CI: -0.83 to -0.77). Females demonstrated a marked decrease in mortality with an AAPC of -1.06% (95%CI: -1.09 to -1.03), whereas the male cohort had a lower AAPC of -0.52% (95%CI: -0.55 to -0.48). Regionally, East Asia and the Pacific demonstrated a significant decline with an AAPC of -2.05% (95%CI: -2.10 to -2.00), whereas Europe and Central Asia observed an uptrend with an AAPC of 0.72% (95%CI: 0.69 to 0.74). Latin America and the Caribbean also showed an uptrend with an AAPC of 0.06% (95%CI: 0.02 to 0.11). In the Middle East and North Africa, the AAPC was non-significant at 0.02% (95%CI: -0.09 to 0.12). North America, in contrast, displayed a significant upward trend with an AAPC of 2.63% (95%CI: 2.57 to 2.67). South Asia (AAPC -0.22%, 95%CI: -0.26 to -0.16) and Sub-Saharan Africa (AAPC -0.14%, 95%CI: -0.15 to -0.12) trends significantly declined over the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reports disparities in Hepatitis C-related HCC mortality between 1999 to 2019, both regionally and between genders. While East Asia and the Pacific regions showed a promising decline in mortality, North America has experienced a concerning rise in mortality. These regional variations highl","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"89469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic hepatitis B and occult infection in chemotherapy patients - evaluation in oncology and hemato-oncology settings: The CHOICE study.","authors":"Nayana Sudevan, Manish Manrai, T V S V G K Tilak, Harshit Khurana, Harikrishnan Premdeep","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies, including cancer chemotherapy. HBV reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality, which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the prevalence of chronic HBV (CHB) and occult HBV infection (OBI) among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational study, the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving chemotherapy. Serological markers of HBV infection [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen (HBc)] were evaluated for all patients. HBV DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total anti-HBc.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.0-4.2]. Additionally, the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8% (95%CI: 0.2-2.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. Identifying individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBV infection, which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"89104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies.","authors":"Silvia De Pauli, Martina Grando, Giovanni Miotti, Marco Zeppieri","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation poses a significant clinical challenge, especially in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapies, including monoclonal antibody treatments. This manuscript briefly explores the complex relationship between monoclonal antibody therapy and HBV reactivation, drawing upon current literature and clinical case studies. It delves into the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, highlighting the importance of risk assessment, monitoring, and prophylactic measures for patients at risk. The manuscript aims to enhance the understanding of HBV reactivation in the context of monoclonal antibody therapy, ultimately facilitating informed clinical decision-making and improved patient care. This paper will also briefly review the definition of HBV activation, assess the risks of reactivation, especially in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies, and consider management for patients with regard to screening, prophylaxis, and treatment. A better understanding of patients at risk can help clinicians provide optimum management to ensure successful patient outcomes and prevent morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"88487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of bamlanivimab in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Behnam Amani, Lida Khodavirdilou, Kourosh Rajabkhah, Vida Kardan Moghaddam, Arash Akbarzadeh, Bahman Amani","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown clinical benefits against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several studies have reported the use of bamlanivimab as a promising treatment option for COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To synthesize the latest evidence for the efficacy and safety of bamlanivimab alone in the treatment of adult patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar using \"SARS-CoV-2\", \"COVID-19\", \"LY-CoV555\", and \"Bamlanivimab\" keywords up to January 25, 2023. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane bias tools. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 3.0 was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30 studies involving 47368 patients were included. A significant difference was observed between the bamlanivimab and standard of care/placebo groups in terms of mortality rate [risk ratio (RR) = 50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36-0.70], hospitalization rate (RR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.39-0.68), and emergency department (ED) visits (RR = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.47-0.99); while the two groups exhibited no significant difference in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Compared to other mAbs, bamlanivimab was associated with a higher rate of hospitalization (RR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.07-1.94). However, no significant difference was detected between the bamlanivimab and other mAbs groups in terms of mortality rate, ICU admission, and ED (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The incidence of any adverse events was similar between the bamlanivimab and control groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the results suggest the efficacy and safety of bamlanivimab in COVID-19 patients, further research is required to confirm the efficacy of this drug for the current circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"88660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on COVID-19 hospitalizations: A propensity-matched analysis of the United States.","authors":"Abdullah Sohail, Hassam Ali, Pratik Patel, Subanandhini Subramanium, Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Amir H Sohail, Manesh Kumar Gangwani, Sanjaya K Satapathy","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.91149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.91149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formally known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. Patients with MASLD have been reported to be at a higher risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and death. However, most studies are single-center studies, and nationwide data in the United States is lacking.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the influence of MASLD on COVID-19 hospitalizations during the initial phase of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to identify primary COVID-19 hospitalizations based on an underlying diagnosis of MASLD. A matched comparison cohort of COVID-19 hospitalizations without MASLD was identified from NIS after 1: N propensity score matching based on gender, race, and comorbidities, including hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, and cirrhosis. The primary outcomes included inpatient mortality, length of stay, and hospitalization costs. Secondary outcomes included the prevalence of systemic complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2210 hospitalizations with MASLD were matched to 2210 hospitalizations without MASLD, with a good comorbidity balance. Overall, there was a higher prevalence of severe disease with more intensive care unit admissions (9.5% <i>vs</i> 7.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.007), mechanical ventilation (7.2% <i>vs</i> 5.7%, <i>P</i> = 0.03), and septic shock (5.2% <i>vs</i> 2.7%, <i>P</i> <0.001) in the MASLD cohort than in the non-MASLD cohort. However, there was no difference in mortality (8.6% <i>vs</i> 10%, <i>P</i> = 0.49), length of stay (5 d <i>vs</i> 5 d, <i>P</i> = 0.25), and hospitalization costs (42081.5 $ <i>vs</i> 38614$, <i>P</i> = 0.15) between the MASLD and non-MASLD cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of MAFLD with or without liver cirrhosis was not associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 hospitalizations; however, there was an increased incidence of severe COVID-19 infection. This data (2020) predates the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, and many MASLD patients have since been vaccinated. It will be interesting to see if these trends are present in the subsequent years of the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"91149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and human immunodeficiency virus 1.","authors":"Waleed Abdelgaber Nemr, Radwan K Nashwa","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) are the most epidemic blood-borne viruses, posing threats to human health and causing economic losses to nations for combating the infection transmission. The diagnostic methodologies that depend on the detection of viral nucleic acids are much more expensive, but they are more accurate than serological testing.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a rapid, cost-effective, and accurate diagnostic multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of HCV, HBV, and HIV-1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The design of the proposed PCR assay targets the amplification of a short conserved region featured with a distinguishable melting profile and electrophoretic molecular weight inside each viral genome. Therefore, this diagnostic method will be appropriate for application in both conventional (combined with electrophoresis) and real-time PCR facilities. Confirmatory <i>in silico</i> investigations were conducted to prove the capability of the approached PCR assay to detect variants of each virus. Then, Egyptian isolates of each virus were subjected to the wet lab examination using the given diagnostic assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>in silico</i> investigations confirmed that the PCR primers can match many viral variants in a multiplex PCR assay. The wet lab experiment proved the efficiency of the assay in distinguishing each viral type through high-resolution melting analysis. Compared to related published assays, the proposed assay in the current study is more sensitive and competitive with many expensive PCR assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic PCR assay facilitating the detection of the most epidemic blood-borne viruses; this makes the proposed assay promising to be substitutive for the mistakable and cheap serological-based assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"88164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perilipin 2 inhibits replication of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid by regulating autophagy under high-fat conditions.","authors":"M Victoria Delpino, Jorge Quarleri","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.90384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.90384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a global health concern without a definitive cure; however, antiviral medications can effectively suppress viral replication. This study delves into the intricate interplay between lipid metabolism and HBV replication, implicating molecular mechanisms such as the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 autophagy pathway, SAC1-like phosphatidylinositol phosphatase, and galectin-9 mediated selective autophagy of viral core proteins in regulating HBV replication. Within lipid droplets, perilipin 2 (PLIN2) emerges as a pivotal guardian, with its overexpression protecting against autophagy and downregulation stimulating triglyceride catabolism through the autophagy pathway. This editorial discusses the correlation between hepatic steatosis and HBV replication, emphasizing the role of PLIN2 in this process. The study underscores the multifaceted roles of lipid metabolism, autophagy, and perilipins in HBV replication, shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"90384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus infection in non-immunocompromised critically ill patients: A management perspective.","authors":"Madhura Bhide, Omender Singh, Prashant Nasa, Deven Juneja","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Critically ill patients are a vulnerable group at high risk of developing secondary infections. High disease severity, prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, sepsis, and multiple drugs with immunosuppressive activity make these patients prone to immuneparesis and increase the risk of various opportunistic infections, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV seroconversion has been reported in up to 33% of ICU patients, but its impact on patient outcomes remains a matter of debate. Even though there are guidelines regarding the management of CMV infection in immunosuppressive patients with human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immuno deficiency syndrome, the need for treatment and therapeutic approaches in immunocompetent critically ill patients is still ambiguous. Even the diagnosis of CMV infection may be challenging in such patients due to non-specific symptoms and multiorgan involvement. Hence, a better understanding of the symptomatology, diagnostics, and treatment options may aid intensive care physicians in ensuring accurate diagnoses and instituting therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"13 1","pages":"89135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}