中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00713
W S Xu, X D Mu
{"title":"[Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease which means idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis plus progressive pulmonary fibrosis].","authors":"W S Xu, X D Mu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00713","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease. In 2017, the INBUILD study introduced the concept of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD) and confirmed the efficacy of nintedanib for its treatment. In 2022, the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT guidelines established the concept of progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) along with a standardized diagnostic criterion for non-IPF forms of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease. PPF serves as a collective term for chronic progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases that exclude IPF, with disease progression similar to that of IPF and a poor prognosis. Although some scholars propose that PPF can replace the preceding concept of PF-ILD, the author contends that PPF cannot substitute for PF-ILD, and the term \"PF-ILD\" should remain in use. The integration of IPF and PPF can be considered equivalent to PF-ILD and can be succinctly expressed as: PF-ILD=IPF+PPF.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"592-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250108-00022
Y B Chen, J Li, L X Xie
{"title":"[Acoustic technology empowers the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases: challenges, and prospects].","authors":"Y B Chen, J Li, L X Xie","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250108-00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250108-00022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory diseases is a major challenge to global public health. In recent years, acoustic technology has shown great potential as a non-invasive and convenient diagnostic method for detecting and monitoring respiratory diseases. With the development of sensor technology and machine learning algorithms, disease classification and pattern recognition based on acoustic data analysis have gradually become possible. This paper reviews the application of acoustic technology in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases, focusing on the methods of collecting and analysing different acoustic signals and their potential in clinical practice. Although acoustic technology has shown a promising prospect in detecting respiratory diseases, it still faces challenges such as noise interference, signal processing capabilities, clinical translation and application, and multimodal data integration. Future research should focus on technological improvement and interdisciplinary cooperation for verification to improve diagnostic accuracy and promote the clinical application of acoustic technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"512-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240921-00554
Y Z Lu, P Q Liang, B N Xu, S H Liang, F Wu, X Wen, S N Zhong, Y X Pan, Z Zhao, Y M Fu, P Hou, J Liu, X L Wang
{"title":"[Evaluation of <sup>18</sup>F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-42 PET/CT in lymphangioleiomyomatosis and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor-D].","authors":"Y Z Lu, P Q Liang, B N Xu, S H Liang, F Wu, X Wen, S N Zhong, Y X Pan, Z Zhao, Y M Fu, P Hou, J Liu, X L Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240921-00554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240921-00554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the potential value of <sup>18</sup>F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-42 PET/CT in the detection of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) lesions, and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D). <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study enrolled 39 female LAM patients (median age 36 years, IQR 29-42) from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (May 2021-April 2024), along with 39 contemporaneously recruited age-matched female controls diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension (median age 35 years, IQR 28-40). The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of LAM-associated lesions (mediastinal/retroperitoneal/pelvic lymphangioleiomyomas, renal hamartomas) were compared with the blood pool SUVmax in corresponding regions of controls. Lesions in LAM patients who underwent both <sup>18</sup>F-FAPI-42 PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT within one year were assessed visually. Semi-quantitative PET parameters of lymphangioleiomyomas and renal hamartomas--including SUVmax, target-to-background ratio (TBR), FAPI-avid tumor volume (FTV), and total lesion FAP expression (TLF)--were analyzed for correlation with serum VEGF-D levels. Data analyses were performed using the following statistical methods: Wilcoxon rank-sum test, McNemar's test, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test, and Pearson or Spearman correlation analyses. <b>Results:</b> <sup>18</sup>F-FAPI-42 PET/CT detected significantly more lymphangioleiomyomas than contrast-enhanced CT (all <i>P</i><0.05), although no statistical difference was observed for renal hamartomas (<i>P</i>=0.157). SUVmax of mediastinal/retroperitoneal/pelvic lymphangioleiomyomas and renal hamartomas in LAM patients were significantly higher than those in controls (all <i>P</i><0.05). VEGF-D levels showed positive correlations with TBR (<i>r</i>=0.390, <i>P</i>=0.033), FTV (<i>r</i>=0.463, <i>P</i>=0.01), and TLF (<i>r</i>=0.490, <i>P</i>=0.006) of lymphangioleiomyomas, as well as FTV (<i>r</i>=0.736, <i>P</i>=0.006) and TLF (<i>r</i>=0.670, <i>P</i>=0.015) of renal hamartomas. <b>Conclusion:</b> <sup>18</sup>F-FAPI-42 PET/CT demonstrates potential application value in assessing lesions in patients with LAM, with some PET semi-quantitative indexes showing a positive correlation with VEGF-D.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241203-00717
D M Zhang, X K Feng, L Zhang, X L Diao, B You, N Chen, S Zhang, Q H Fang
{"title":"[A case of pulmonary nodules and cysts associated with hypereosinophilia].","authors":"D M Zhang, X K Feng, L Zhang, X L Diao, B You, N Chen, S Zhang, Q H Fang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241203-00717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241203-00717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 56-year-old male patient presented with an 18-year history of pulmonary opacities and a 9-year history of hypereosinophilia. The patient was asymptomatic. Bronchoscopy was negative for pathogens. Serial chest radiographs showed stable lung lesions. Nine years ago, an elevated blood eosinophil count [(0.5-1.5)×10<sup>9</sup>/L] was noted. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple nodules and cysts in bilateral lungs, which were not investigated further. Two weeks before admission, a follow-up chest CT scan demonstrated slight enlargement and an increase in the number of pulmonary nodules and cysts. Bronchoscopy was again unremarkable. Surgical lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of multicentric Castleman disease. This case highlighted the importance of comprehensive clinical evaluation and multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis of unusual pulmonary manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"548-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240928-00570
S B Wen, K G Wang, P W Tian, W M Li
{"title":"[Clinical characteristics of fibrosing mediastinitis complicated with pleural effusion].","authors":"S B Wen, K G Wang, P W Tian, W M Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240928-00570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240928-00570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To characterize the clinical presentation and radiographic features of fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) patients with concomitant pleural effusion. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective analysis of 24 FM patients diagnosed at West China Hospital between August 2019 and December 2023. Participants were stratified into pleural effusion and non-pleural effusion groups. Clinical data including symptoms, pleural fluid analysis, echocardiography, chest CT, bronchoscopy, and histopathological findings were systematically evaluated. <b>Results:</b> The cohort (mean age 58±13 years) predominantly presented with cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Pleural effusion was identified in 79.2% (19/24) of cases, with 73.3% (11/15) being transudative. Pulmonary hypertension was observed in 20.8% (5/24) of patients. CT imaging revealed: bronchial stenosis (54.2%, 13/24), pulmonary artery stenosis (58.3%, 14/24), pulmonary vein stenosis (79.2%, 19/24), and superior vena cava stenosis (8.3%, 2/24). Notably, pulmonary vein stenosis occurred significantly more frequently in pleural effusion patients (89.5% vs 40.0%, <i>P</i><0.05). Bronchoscopic findings demonstrated bronchial stenosis (70%) and characteristic carbonaceous deposits (100%). Histopathological examination consistently showed fibrous tissue proliferation, carbon deposition, and lymphocytic infiltration. <b>Conclusions:</b> FM primarily affects middle-aged and elderly individuals, presenting with non-specific respiratory symptoms. Pleural effusion represents a common complication, typically transudative in nature. Our findings suggest that pulmonary venous stenosis may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pleural effusion in FM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"535-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00714
M Y Liu, S C Liu, T Wang, X X Li
{"title":"[A case report of alveolar adenoma].","authors":"M Y Liu, S C Liu, T Wang, X X Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00714","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241202-00714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article reports a case of a 19-year-old woman diagnosed with alveolar adenoma. The patient presented to our hospital with cough and sputum production. Initial chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined, round nodule (1.8 cm in diameter) in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe. Follow-up CT at 6 months demonstrated nodule enlargement to 2.0 cm. After excluding surgical contraindications, the patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the left upper lobe lesion. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of alveolar adenoma. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and no recurrence or metastasis was observed during the 6-month follow-up period. Notably, alveolar adenoma typically occurs in middle-aged and elderly populations, making this case the youngest reported to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"570-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241010-00593
Y L Peng, X T Qian, Y Q Tian, X H Gui, Y J Gao, M S Cao, Y L Xiao, Y Li
{"title":"[Dyskeratosis congenita combined with myeloproliferative disorder and trilineage cytopenia].","authors":"Y L Peng, X T Qian, Y Q Tian, X H Gui, Y J Gao, M S Cao, Y L Xiao, Y Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241010-00593","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20241010-00593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To better understand dyskeratosis congenita (DC) with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). <b>Methods:</b> The clinical data and treatment process of a patient diagnosed as dyskeratosis congenita with pulmonary fibrosis admitted to the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital in November 2023 were reported, and relevant literature was reviewed. With the keywords \"dyskeratosis congenita\", \"pulmonary fibrosis\", or \"dyskeratosis congenita\", \"interstitial lung disease\", as search terms, and the search time before October 1st, 2024 for Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed. 21 articles with relatively detailed clinical data, including medical history, physical examination, ancillary tests, and treatment process, were included. Combined with the information from the patient reported in this article, data from 24 patients were collected. <b>Results:</b> A 25-year-old man was admitted complaining of \"coughing and wheezing for more than 3 months, worsening for 1 week\". The main clinical manifestations included cutaneous pigmentation, nail dystrophy, pancytopenia and interstitial pneumonia. Genetic testing by Sanger sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation (c.844C>T) in the TINF2 gene. The diagnosis of DC was made on the basis of clinical presentation and genetic testing. The 24 patients included 20 males and 4 females who ranged in age from 9 to 52, with a median age of 35 years when PF was diagnosed. Fourteen patients (58.3%) exhibited the classic triad of typical reticular pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and mucosal hyperplastic leukoplakia, while 7 patients (29.2%) presented with one or two of these features, and 3 patients (12.5%) showed no typical triad manifestations. One patient had no blood cell information available, while 15 patients (65.2%) had pancytopenia, 5 patients (21.7%) had one or two lineages of cytopenia, and 3 patients (13.1%) showed no blood cell abnormalities. Eight patients underwent measurement of peripheral blood telomere length, which was found to be shortened in all patients compared to age-matched controls. Fourteen patients were tested for genes related to telomere maintenance, and various mutations were identified at different loci. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although dyskeratosis congenita is a rare disease, it can be indicated by simple examination. When patients, especially younger ones, present with typical skin changes, nail dysplasia and bone marrow failure due to interstitial pneumonia, respiratory specialists should maintain a high index of suspicion for this condition and perform relevant genetic testing early to confirm the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"540-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240923-00558
X Y Chen, X Y Song, J Jin, S Y Li
{"title":"[Progression and explores of airway basal cell in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].","authors":"X Y Chen, X Y Song, J Jin, S Y Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240923-00558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240923-00558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Airway basal cells (BCs) are adult stem cells in the airways, playing a crucial role in airway renewal and post-injury regeneration and repair. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and remodeling leading to incompletely reversible airflow limitation, significantly impairing patients' quality of life. COPD-related pathogenic factors can influence the genetic expression, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammatory regulation of BCs by altering their gene expression and molecular phenotypes, ultimately contributing to COPD-associated pathological changes. This article systematically reviews the changes in BCs during COPD progression and explores the potential and prospects of targeting BCs as a therapeutic approach for COPD from the perspective of regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"585-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250121-00046
Y Li, R Wang, B Wang, D Z Pan
{"title":"[Pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a case report].","authors":"Y Li, R Wang, B Wang, D Z Pan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250121-00046","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20250121-00046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is characterized by the stenosis of one or more pulmonary veins leading to progressive dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis. Currently, iatrogenic PVS is the most common type of PVS in adults, mainly due to the increased popularity of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations in the early stages and the absence of routine imaging surveillance after radiofrequency ablation, the diagnosis of PVS is challenging in clinical practice. This paper reports a case of a patient with PVS who had several visits to the respiratory department for non-specific symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, cough, and hemoptysis, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. We hope that the discussion of this case would improve the clinicians' awareness of PVS following radiofrequency ablation.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"560-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华结核和呼吸杂志Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240718-00412
Y L Zhang, P J Li, H Mao
{"title":"[Pulmonary amyloidosis in Sjögren's syndrome: a case report].","authors":"Y L Zhang, P J Li, H Mao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240718-00412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20240718-00412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte proliferation and progressive exocrine gland damage, which can involve multiple organs, including the lungs. However, secondary pulmonary amyloidosis is rare. This study summarizes the clinical features of this condition through the diagnosis and treatment of a 44-year-old female patient and a literature review. The patient was admitted due to \"bilateral pulmonary nodules discovered over 4 years ago.\" Chest CT revealed scattered multiple nodules and mass shadows in both lungs, some with calcification. Blood tests indicated leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Immunological tests showed positive anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-SS-A antibodies. Combined with symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes, as well as tear film breakup time and salivary secretion function tests, the patient was diagnosed with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Percutaneous lung biopsy pathology revealed amyloidosis with granulomatous reactions, and Congo red staining was positive, confirming the diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome complicated by pulmonary amyloidosis. The patient was treated with hydroxychloroquine and remained stable upon discharge, with follow-up ongoing for 6 months. A literature search (May 2014 to May 2024) identified 15 relevant articles (3 in Chinese, 12 in English). The results showed that all reported patients were female, with a median age of 66 years. Only 46.7% presented with symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes at initial diagnosis, 14 cases had immunological abnormalities, and 1 case had cytopenia. Chest imaging revealed that 53.3% of patients had pulmonary nodules with cystic changes, and 26.7% had calcifications. Pulmonary amyloidosis, as a rare complication of pSS, is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and its treatment and prognosis lack evidence-based medical support. pSS often has an insidious onset, with some patients presenting initially with extraglandular organ damage rather than exocrine gland involvement. Pulmonary involvement may manifest as multiple nodules with calcifications and/or cystic changes or interstitial lung disease on imaging. When patients present with these imaging features that cannot be explained by common diseases, pSS should be considered. Lung biopsy is crucial for diagnosis and exclusion of confounding diseases such as lymphoma. Recognizing the pulmonary imaging characteristics of pSS can help reduce missed diagnoses, enable early diagnosis, and guide appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":61512,"journal":{"name":"中华结核和呼吸杂志","volume":"48 6","pages":"563-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}