Iranian Polymer Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, extracted from an aircraft fuel system in marine environment, on the performance of modified polysulfide-sealed rubber","authors":"Zhenhua Zhou,&nbsp;Xinru Ge,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhao,&nbsp;Weijie Fan,&nbsp;Mengfei Shan,&nbsp;Dehe Zhang,&nbsp;Shulin Li,&nbsp;Changlong Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Yang","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01408-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01408-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In aircraft fuel systems, rubber is commonly used to seal and connect components such as pipes and valves. Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) leads to the aging, expansion and deformation of rubber, potentially impacting the sealing and safety of fuel systems. In this study, we focused on isolating a typical microorganism, <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (L. paracasei)</i>, found in an aircraft fuel system in marine environment and our investigation aimed to assess the impact of <i>L. paracasei</i> on the mechanical properties of modified polysulfide-sealed rubber using a series of measurements of tensile strength, hardness and permanent compression. The results indicated that with the increasing immersion time, the tensile strength, hardness and elongation-at-break of rubber all decreased, while the permanent compression deformation rate increased. Upon observing the morphology of the rubber before and after immersion, we discovered pits and precipitated granular substances on the rubber surface within the <i>L. paracasei</i> system. At the same time, through scanning electron microscopy examination of the rubber fracture surface after microbial immersion, distinct smooth regions were identified at the edge, indicating a severe degree of degradation. In addition, the results of the infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that <i>L. paracasei</i> caused damage to the double bond chains of the rubber, resulting in degradation in its performance.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 6","pages":"783 - 794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified radiopaque polyetheretherketone implants: in vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Arzu Erol,&nbsp;Baki Hazer,&nbsp;Emrah Keskin,&nbsp;Çağdaş Özdemir,&nbsp;Bengisu Yöney,&nbsp;Emine Derin","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01407-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01407-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study aims to enhance the radiopacity of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in medical imaging by chemically modifying it with 4-iodobenzoic acid derivatives to broaden its biomedical applications. In this regard, a radiopaque derivative of PEEK was prepared with chain modification, which makes it possible to preserve the biocompatibility properties of PEEK and also increase the polymer hydrophilicity and the number of reactive functional groups that can act as potential anchors. Synthesized radioactive polymer characterization was performed by FTIR, SEM, EDX, and X-ray analyzing techniques. The characterized radiopaque PEEK polymer was implanted under the skin and muscle of the rat. The biological response status was evaluated by observing the radiological traceability and tissue reactions of the implants. Characterization studies have confirmed the successful modification of PEEK, resulting in radiopacity without contamination. Radiopaque PEEK derivatives (PEEK–I) demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and nontoxicity, with no inflammation occurring at the surgical site after a 20-day post-implantation observation period. SEM analysis further confirmed cellular adhesion and the compatibility of the biomaterial with biological systems. The newly synthesized PEEK–I polymer, featuring enhanced X-ray visibility and biocompatibility, can significantly advance imaging studies in medical applications. The novel biocompatible radiopaque PEEK, synthesized for the first time by our working group, will be an incredibly attractive and groundbreaking biomaterial in studies where radiological imaging is actively used, such as dental and spine surgery.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 5","pages":"715 - 726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel β-cyclodextrin xanthate hydrogel/nickel oxide nanocomposites: adsorption isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic, photocatalytic activity and reusability studies","authors":"Arbind Chaurasiya,&nbsp;Poorn Prakash Pande,&nbsp;Ravi Shankar,&nbsp;Kajal Kumar Dey,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar Maddheshiya,&nbsp;Mansi Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01406-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01406-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>β-Cyclodextrin xanthate hydrogel/nickel oxide (NiO) nanocomposites (β-CDXHs/NiO NCs) have been prepared using free radical polymerization technique along with the incorporation of NiO nanoparticles (NPs) within β-CDXHs hydrogel matrix through hydrothermal method. The prepared β-CDXHs/NiO NCs have been characterized by various techniques, including UV, FTIR, TGA, ΔpHpzc, GPC, XRD, SEM and EDAX analyses. Methylene blue (MB) dye removal has been found to be highly pH dependent, and showed a maximum removal of 99.23% for MB dye at optimum adsorbent dosage of 1.2 g, pH of 7, stirrer rate of 400 rpm, solution temperature of 25 °C, initial concentration of 100 mg/L and contact time of 30 min. The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model with adsorption capacity 310.55 mg/g for MB dye. The plots of isotherms indicated that both physisorption and chemisorption were possible. The adsorption rate of MB dye onto β-CDXHs/NiO NCs is controlled through pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models. The negative ΔH and ΔG values exhibit that the MB dye adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. It was observed from the desorption studies that about 76.72% of the adsorbent had been regenerated for fifth cycle, exhibiting good reusability. The MB dye degradation was found to be 93.09% in the presence of β-CDXHs/NiO NCs. Hence, the experimental results suggest that the β-CDXHs/NiO NCs act as an efficient photocatalyst that can be used for the treatment of wastewater containing MB dye.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 6","pages":"765 - 781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of polypropylene/montmorillonite polymer composite foam","authors":"Elif Ulutas,&nbsp;Munir Tasdemir,&nbsp;Nurefsan Kuvvet,&nbsp;Omer Faruk Korkmaz,&nbsp;Muhammed Cuma Duran","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01395-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01395-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The escalating utilization of plastic materials, coupled with advancements in technology, has propelled the plastics industry into a state of continual evolution. However, the rapid technological progress has also exacerbated issues such as environmental pollution and global warming, primarily due to the excessive consumption of raw materials. These environmental challenges have increasingly constrained the growth of the manufacturing sector. In the polymer world, polymer foams, characterized by a high percentage of pores within their structure, have emerged as a new-generation solution for reducing raw material consumption. This study aimed to develop nanoparticle-filled polypropylene (PP)-based polymer composite foams. The original contribution of this study lies in the production and characterization processes of polymer composite foams developed using PP as the matrix material and MMT nano clay as the additive. Optimizing these processes aims to contribute to environmental sustainability goals by reducing raw material consumption. PP/Montmorillonite (MMT) foams were synthesized through melt blending, employing a chemical blowing agent (CBA) and conventional twin-screw extrusion techniques. The resulting composite foams were evaluated for various properties, including density, cell characteristics (such as cell size and cell density), stiffness, thermal properties, and mechanical strength. The presence of microcells within the polymer matrix positively influenced the density of the PP/MMT composite foams. It was observed that tensile properties diminished with increasing content of the blowing agent. The lowest foam density achieved in this study was 0.83 g/cm³. Among the samples, the 3PP/MMT polymer foam exhibited the smallest average cell size (approximately 2 μm) and the highest density (0,87 g/cm³). Nano clay addition generally enhances modulus and strength, while CBA incorporation tends to decrease them. Moreover, elongation at break decreases significantly with increasing CBA and MMT content.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"111 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocomposites derived from esterified rice starch reinforced with microcellulose fiber","authors":"Hanee Katong,&nbsp;Lapporn Vayachuta,&nbsp;Saowapa Chotisuwan,&nbsp;Jareerat Ruamcharoen","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01400-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01400-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bio-based composites have garnered significant attention as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional materials. Therefore, novel bio-based composites were developed by reinforcing microcellulose fiber (MCF) from rice straw in esterified rice starch. Two native rice starches, i.e. Mao-Noh (MN) and Majanu (MJ), were modified using a dry method with maleic anhydride (MA) as an esterifying agent, resulting in MA-modified starches, namely MAMN and MAMJ. Subsequently, MAMN and MAMJ were blended with varying amounts of microcellulose fiber. It was found that the biocomposite films from both esterified rice starches exhibited translucency. The moisture content, water vapor transmission, and water solubility of the biocomposite films decreased with increasing amounts of MCF. Tensile tests on the biocomposite films revealed that the tensile strength and modulus values tended to increase with higher MCF content. The maximum tensile strength and Young’s modulus values for biocomposite films with 10% (by weight) of MCF was found. However, when the MCF content was increased to 15% (by weight), the strength and Young’s modulus decreased. This confirmed the effective dispersion of MCF in the esterified starch and a strong interface interaction between cellulose fibers and modified starch, as revealed by SEM analysis. Furthermore, upon adding MCF to the esterified starch, the intensity of positions corresponding to the crystalline structure of ES and MCF was observed, correlating with the MCF content.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"583 - 597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the impact of particle size on the physio-mechanical properties of eco-friendly polymer composites","authors":"B. Adaveesh,&nbsp;Vishwas Mahesh,&nbsp;M. Rakesh,&nbsp;H. R. Nithin,&nbsp;S. M. Channabasavaradhya,&nbsp;I. G. Disha","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01402-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01402-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study delves into the influence of particle-size variation on the physio-mechanical properties of rubber crumb-reinforced sustainable polymer composites, a burgeoning area of research driven by the increasing demand for eco-friendly materials across industries. Sustainable polymer composites, renowned for their environmental benefits, are poised for widespread adoption owing to their versatility in diverse applications. The integration of rubber crumb, derived from recycled tires, not only enhances sustainability but also augments the performance of these composites. However, the impact of rubber crumb particle size on composite properties remains relatively unexplored. Through systematic experimentation, polymer composites with varying rubber-crumb particle sizes were fabricated, followed by comprehensive mechanical characterization encompassing tensile, flexural, and impact testing. Morphologic analysis via scanning electron microscopy provided crucial insights into the microstructure of the composites. The results indicate that the density and hardness of composite with 60 wt.% of rubber crumbs and particle size of 850 μm reduced by 10.95% and 25.73%, respectively, compared to composite with 20-wt.% rubber crumb and 212-μm particle size. The tensile, flexural and impact strength of composite with 40 wt.% of rubber crumbs and particle size of 212 μm are found to be 83.49%, 65.85% and 79.82% higher, respectively, compared to the composite with the lowest strengths. These findings unravel the intricate interplay between particle size and composite behavior, offering invaluable guidance for optimizing material design and manufacturing processes in the realm of sustainable composite development. Such advancements hold promise for revolutionizing industries including automotive, construction, and consumer goods, driving forward environmental sustainability and resource efficiency initiatives.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 5","pages":"689 - 701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copolyamides of poly(terephthaloyl hexylenediamine) synthesis: a comparative study of mechanical and thermal properties","authors":"Yuhao Yang,&nbsp;Zejun Pu,&nbsp;Chihan Meng,&nbsp;Jiachun Zhong,&nbsp;Jiahong Pang,&nbsp;Kaijie Yang,&nbsp;Mengjie Yue,&nbsp;Fang Wu","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01403-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01403-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semi-aromatic polyamides have excellent comprehensive properties and can effectively adjust thermodynamic properties through monomer composition and ratio to meet different application requirements. Therefore, in this study, two copolyamides (PA6T/66 and PA6T/610) were synthesized by one-pot method and their thermal and mechanical properties were subsequently analyzed and compared. Firstly, the chemical compositions and microstructures of the two copolyamides were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (¹H NMR), wide-field X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarized ophthalmic microscopy (POM), and the viscosities [η] of the specimens were tested. Secondly, the heat resistance of the two copolyamides was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Subsequently, the mechanical strength of the two copolyamides was evaluated. The FTIR, NMR and XRD results show that the molecular structure and crystal morphology of the two copolyamides are highly similar, which may prove the success of the target products. The TG results show that the heat resistance of the two copolyamides is very good, with the extrapolated initial decomposition temperature above 430 °C, and PA6T/66 has better heat resistance. The DSC results show that PA6T/66 has a higher melting and glass transition temperature. The mechanical test results show that PA6T/66 has greater tensile and flexural strengths of 70 MPa and 110 MPa, respectively, while PA6T/610 has better impact toughness. The above comparative results can be extended to determine the differences in performance between long-chain and short-chain polyamides, which can provide a reference for future related research.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 5","pages":"727 - 738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering gypsum reuse through green composites development and the effect of three different bioplasticizers on their properties","authors":"Grecia G. Colina,&nbsp;Alana G. Souza,&nbsp;Derval S. Rosa,&nbsp;Éder B. da Silveira,&nbsp;Ticiane S. Valera,&nbsp;Hélio Wiebeck","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01393-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01393-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Starting from post-consumer gypsum, green composites have been produced by melt-blending polylactic acid (PLA), anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) filler, and bioplasticizers (coconut oil, cardanol, and epoxidized soybean oil) to solve the actual problem of poor performance and low production efficiency of biocomposites—such as poor properties and tendency to agglomerate. The dehydration of gypsum residues was studied by grinding and calcining them at 500 °C for 1 h and 3 h, and it was observed that only the sample calcined for 3 h (GR3) was completely dehydrated. The composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical tests of tensile, flexural, and impact strength. The results showed that the gypsum fillers increased PLA’s toughness, and the compositions with coconut oil (PLA–RG3–COC) and epoxidized soybean oil (PLA–RG3–ESO) obtained increases in stiffness and toughness, observed by changes in Young’s modulus (from 2 up to 2.5 GPa) and strain at break (from 3 up to 40%), respectively. Gypsum fillers promoted the shift of degradation temperature for higher temperatures (~ 360 °C), and the addition of the bioplasticizers slightly influenced the thermal stability of the composites. A plasticizing effect on the decreasing glass transition temperature of the composites was observed with the addition of coconut oil, cardanol, and epoxidized soybean oil. The developed composites cover new advanced materials to revolutionize conventional PLA-residue composites, bolster sustainability, and enhance their applicability.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"517 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyvinyl alcohol–sodium niobate–cellulose nanofiber composites: dielectric and electric study","authors":"Ankita Subhrasmita Gadtya,&nbsp;Raghavendra Subramanya,&nbsp;Srikanta Moharana","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01398-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01398-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–sodium niobate (NN)–cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite films with different weight percentages of cellulose nanofibers (2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% (all by weights)) were synthesized by a solution casting technique and their dielectric and electrical properties were studied. The structure and microstructure of these composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The surface morphology of the PVA–NN–CNF composite films shows the uniform dispersion of cellulose nanofiber and sodium niobate particles into the polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The incorporation of CNF into the PVA–NN composites improves their dielectric and electrical properties and is investigated in a wide range of frequencies from 10² to 10⁶ Hz. The percolation theory was used to explain the dielectric properties of PVA–NN–CNF composites and the percolation threshold value of <i>f</i>_CNF = 5.4%. These three-phase composites with 6% (by weight) of CNF exhibit the maximum dielectric constant (~ 102.14), minimizing dielectric loss (~ 1.2), and higher AC conductivity at 10² Hz. The AC conductivity of PVA–NN–CNF composites follows Jonscher’s power law, and their mechanical properties improve with an increase in CNF filler concentration. The PVA–NN–CNF composite films, due to their improved dielectric and mechanical properties, are highly promising for flexible energy storage applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 5","pages":"637 - 651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pore size effect on the degradation, tensile properties and cell viability of polycaprolactone/starch scaffold: experimental study","authors":"Seyed Mostafa Mirtabaei,&nbsp;Mohammad Yasin Mollajavadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Ketabi","doi":"10.1007/s13726-024-01397-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13726-024-01397-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes, which have many uses in dentistry, must have enough pore size to inhibit excessive connective tissue penetration into the bone defect on one side of the scaffold, while promoting neovascularization and bone growth on the other side. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) and starch were mixed with a ratio of 70:30 through the 3D bioprinting method which makes it possible to have an appropriate control on the pore size of the scaffold. SEM images showed that on the larger side, the pore size is around 370 µm, and on the other side of the scaffold, the average pore size is around 150 µm. Also, EDX analysis confirmed high concentrations of oxygen and carbon in the scaffold, indicating the presence of PCL and starch. Because of lipase's ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in PCL, the scaffolds that were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution containing lipase showed a much higher degradation ratio (90%) after 28 days than those in PBS solution containing amylase (18%) or the combination of both (51%). These degradation ratios are much greater than the similar previous reports in which the scaffold had smaller pore size caused by other methods like electrospinning. The increase in pore size enhances degradation while maintaining acceptable levels of tensile strength (2.55 ± 0.29 MPa) required for GBR membranes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":601,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Polymer Journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"571 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}