International Journal of Thermophysics最新文献_第6页

An Extrapolation for Temperature Range from the Triple Point of Mercury to the Triple Point of Water 从水银三相点到水三相点温度范围的外推

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03803-w

Kang Lan, Lide Fang, Jianping Sun

{"title":"An Extrapolation for Temperature Range from the Triple Point of Mercury to the Triple Point of Water","authors":"Kang Lan, Lide Fang, Jianping Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03803-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03803-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This research presents a quadratic extrapolation derived through parametric optimisation for the estimation of resistance ratio value at the triple point of mercury using the resistance ratio value at the melting point of gallium based on interpolation equation defined in the subrange between these two fixed points by the International Temperature Scale of 1990. The specific correlation between these two fixed points when they are expressed in S values is also incorporated in derivation. Extrapolation errors of the proposed quadratic equation are looked into with a data sample of 30 standard platinum resistance thermometers. Maximum absolute error observed at the triple point of mercury is 1.14 mK. Mean value of the extrapolation errors is 0.32 mK with a standard deviation of 0.52 mK. Application of the proposed quadratic equation would eliminate the need for actual measurement of the triple point of mercury and maintain a reasonable accuracy at the same time. The proposed extrapolation is of both technical and practical significance and relevance for cryogenic processes from − 40 °C to 0 °C.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Methodology for Highly Accurate Specific Heat Measurements for Molten Salts: Examples for FLiNaK and NaCl–MgCl2 熔盐高精度比热测量方法：FLiNaK和NaCl-MgCl2的例子

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03805-8

Juliano Schorne-Pinto, Aiswarya Padinhare Manissery, Ronald E. Booth, Annabelle C. Husek, Zachary Gardiner, Jorge Paz Soldan Palma, Jacob A. Yingling, Theodore M. Besmann

{"title":"Methodology for Highly Accurate Specific Heat Measurements for Molten Salts: Examples for FLiNaK and NaCl–MgCl2","authors":"Juliano Schorne-Pinto, Aiswarya Padinhare Manissery, Ronald E. Booth, Annabelle C. Husek, Zachary Gardiner, Jorge Paz Soldan Palma, Jacob A. Yingling, Theodore M. Besmann","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03805-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03805-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Specific heat values for molten salts are essential for thermal–hydraulic analysis, reactor physics calculations, and thermochemical modeling of molten salt reactors. However, achieving reduced measurement uncertainty requires rigorous control of experimental conditions, high-precision calorimetric instrumentation, and a maximized sample-to-crucible mass ratio. This study presents a procedure for high-accuracy measurement of the specific heat (cP) of air-sensitive molten salts using a Calvet-type DSC with a small temperature step method and custom laser-welded lightweight hermetic nickel crucibles. Instrument reproducibility of 1.54 % ((k) = 2) was achieved and validated through independent triplicate measurements of a NIST SRM720 sapphire standard. Using this methodology, the ({c}_{P}) of molten 46.5LiF-11.5NaF-42KF mol % (FLiNaK) and 58NaCl-42MgCl2 mol % (NaCl–MgCl2) eutectics was determined with expanded uncertainties ((k) = 2) of 1.74 % and 1.93 %, respectively, for high-purity samples, incorporating regression contributions. These results confirm previously reported positive excess heat capacities in both eutectics, with an improved description of the temperature dependence. The measured data provide reference values for the Molten Salt Database—Thermochemical, and the protocol is readily transferable to other molten salts, including actinide-bearing fuel salts.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Double-Glazing Integrated Hydrogel for Enhancing Building Thermal Performance 提高建筑热工性能的双层玻璃集成水凝胶

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03807-6

Rima Boufendassa, Wei Yang, Xiangfeng Liu, W. A. H. Mashrah

{"title":"Double-Glazing Integrated Hydrogel for Enhancing Building Thermal Performance","authors":"Rima Boufendassa, Wei Yang, Xiangfeng Liu, W. A. H. Mashrah","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03807-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03807-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This study explores the integration of hydrogels into double-glazing systems to enhance summer thermal performance, with a focus on the Nankai District of Tianjin. A commercial hydrogel, known for its high absorption capacity and thermal regulation properties, was used to fill a cavity in a double-glazing unit. A hot-box testing system simulated real-world conditions to compare hydrogel-integrated glazing with standard double-glazing units, monitoring temperature variations using thermocouples. The results demonstrate the significant thermal benefits of hydrogel integration. While hydrogel alone reduced transmittance (~ 72%) and heat gain (~ 385 W/m2), the hydrogel–water combination proved more effective. The hydrogel’s thermal buffering capability delayed the temperature rise, particularly during peak sunlight, and exhibited superior infrared radiation-blocking properties. Compared to the unfilled prototype, the shaded unfilled, water-filled, hydrogel-filled, and shaded hydrogel-filled prototypes reduced inner temperatures by 28%, 30.3%, 25%, and 38.5%, respectively, with an overall temperature reduction of 3–9 °C relative to traditional unfilled double-glazing systems. Furthermore, hydrogel demonstrated enhanced heat retention at night, minimising heat loss more effectively than other configurations and maintaining a more stable indoor environment. Overall, hydrogel-integrated double-glazing, particularly when combined with shading, improves energy efficiency and indoor thermal regulation, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional cooling systems.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Speed Shadowgraph Imaging for Measuring the Temperature-Dependent Thermal Expansion of Niobium up to Near Its Melting Point Using a Multi-stepwise Pulse-Heating Technique 利用多步脉冲加热技术测量铌熔点附近温度相关热膨胀的高速影影成像

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03792-w

Isamu Orikasa, Hiromichi Watanabe

{"title":"High-Speed Shadowgraph Imaging for Measuring the Temperature-Dependent Thermal Expansion of Niobium up to Near Its Melting Point Using a Multi-stepwise Pulse-Heating Technique","authors":"Isamu Orikasa, Hiromichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03792-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03792-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Accurate high-temperature coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) are essential for the thermal design and thermodynamic modeling of refractory metals under extreme conditions, as well as for the validation of materials simulations. This study employs a high-speed shadowgraph method combined with a multi-stepwise pulse-heating technique to determine the relative linear thermal expansion, ε, of pure niobium as a function of specimen temperature, T. Repeated pulsed current heating increased T in a stepwise manner from near room temperature to 95 % of the melting point within 3 s, providing 22–24 temperature points per run. At each step, the current was briefly interrupted (~ 20 ms) to determine T from the electromotive force of a welded thermocouple, while high-speed silhouette images acquired during this interval were used to evaluate ε from the specimen width. The measured ε increased with T in all three runs, corresponding to a total expansion of approximately 2.2 % up to 2580 K. The resulting instantaneous CTE, α(T) = dε/dT, exhibited high reproducibility and showed a nonlinear temperature dependence. The expanded relative uncertainty (k = 2) of α(T) was estimated to be 4.2 % at 1500 K and 8.5 % at 2500 K. These results demonstrate that the present approach provides a practical and efficient method for determining the CTE over a wide temperature range within a few seconds in a single high-speed heating experiment.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-026-03792-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hot Strip on-a-Chip Method for the Steady-State Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of Gases 片上热带气体导热系数的稳态测量方法

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03801-y

Ulf Hammerschmidt, Thomas M. Koller

{"title":"Hot Strip on-a-Chip Method for the Steady-State Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of Gases","authors":"Ulf Hammerschmidt, Thomas M. Koller","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03801-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03801-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The hot strip on-a-chip method is a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensor that requires only very small amounts of sample for characterization. While the “classical” transient operation of the method has been successfully used to measure the thermal conductivity of fluids, the steady-state operation has so far been shown to be suitable for analyzing gas flow rates. In the present study, it is demonstrated that the steady-state hot strip (SSHS) on-a-chip method can also be applied to gases in a quiescent state to determine their thermal conductivity λ in an absolute way. Due to the very small sample volume of around 5 µL and short measurement duration of some tens of milliseconds, there is no onset of free convection during the measurement. Other significant, well-understood effects, formerly known as systematic errors, can be corrected comprehensively by applying a mathematical tool, the parametric identity mapping (PIM), to the relevant data reduction. It was found that the signals from the seven radially distributed temperature probes in the sensor agree with the theory for the concentric cylinder method. According to ISO “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,” the relative expanded uncertainty (coverage factor k = 2) of the sensor is assessed as Ur(λ) = 0.016. This result has been experimentally verified for gaseous methane at 296 K and 0.1 MPa. The deviation of the measured thermal conductivity from the reference value is 1.1 %. This small departure provides empirical evidence for the concept of the SSHS method and demonstrates its reliability in measuring λ.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization and Evaluation of Thermophysical Properties of Low-Temperature Sn-Based Eutectic Alloys 低温锡基共晶合金热物理性能的表征与评价

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03806-7

Yu-Peng Hu, Yi-Jun Wang, Neng-Chuang Lou, Bin Liang, Xu Zhou, Gen Zhu, Ren-Wei Ge, Ming-Hai Li

{"title":"Characterization and Evaluation of Thermophysical Properties of Low-Temperature Sn-Based Eutectic Alloys","authors":"Yu-Peng Hu, Yi-Jun Wang, Neng-Chuang Lou, Bin Liang, Xu Zhou, Gen Zhu, Ren-Wei Ge, Ming-Hai Li","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03806-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03806-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The thermophysical properties of three Sn-based alloys (Sn–Zn, Sn–Bi and Sn–In) were systematically measured for their potential use as energy storage and heat transfer media in concentrated solar power systems and as solders in electronic packaging, including thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, phase change temperature, latent heat and thermal expansion coefficient. The heat storage capacity of the alloys was comprehensively evaluated based on the experimental results. The results show that the Sn–Zn alloy exhibits the highest thermal conductivity in the solid state (approximately 65.38 W·m−1·K−1), while the Sn–Bi alloy shows the lowest value (approximately 17.47 W·m−1·K−1). The specific heat capacity of the Sn–Zn alloy remains nearly constant at about 235 J·kg−1·K−1, whereas the specific heat capacities of the Sn–Bi and Sn–In alloys increase with temperature. The Sn–Zn alloy also shows the highest phase change temperature and latent heat, reaching 198.65 °C and 78.7 kJ·kg−1, respectively. When heated to 30 °C below the phase change temperature, the measured linear elongations of Sn–Zn, Sn–Bi and Sn–In alloys are 4.3%, 1.7% and 2.4%, respectively. Within the temperature range from room temperature to the phase change temperature, the total heat storage capacities of Sn–Zn, Sn–Bi and Sn–In are 989658, 549828 and 390494 kJ·m−3, respectively. The results of this study provide experimental data and a theoretical basis for the selection of phase change materials in CSP systems and for evaluating solder alloys in electronic packaging.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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How much the Analogy Between Thermal Waves and Optical Waves is Valid? A Comprehensive Review 热波与光波的类比在多大程度上是有效的？全面检讨

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03788-6

Mario Bertolotti, Roberto Li Voti

引用次数: 0

A Fundamental Equation of State for 1, 1-Difluoroethene (R-1132a) 1,1 -二氟乙烯（R-1132a）的基本状态方程

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03794-8

Ryo Akasaka, Robert E. Low, Eric W. Lemmon

{"title":"A Fundamental Equation of State for 1, 1-Difluoroethene (R-1132a)","authors":"Ryo Akasaka, Robert E. Low, Eric W. Lemmon","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03794-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03794-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A new fundamental equation of state is presented for 1, 1-difluoroethene (R-1132a), which is a promising low-GWP refrigerant for ultra-low-temperature refrigeration. The equation of state is expressed explicitly in terms of the Helmholtz energy with temperature and density as the independent variables. The equation is applicable at temperatures from the triple-point temperature (111.0 K) to 400 K at pressures up to 30 MPa. In this range, the expected expanded uncertainties ((k = 2)) in calculated properties are estimated to be 0.3 % for vapor pressures, 0.3 % for liquid densities, 0.5 % for vapor densities, 0.8 % for saturated liquid densities, 2 % for saturated vapor densities, 0.5 % for liquid-phase sound speeds, and 0.2 % for vapor-phase sound speeds. These uncertainties represent a substantial improvement over the preliminary equation of state for this refrigerant. Differences between experimental and calculated vapor pressures are within 5 kPa in most cases. Illustrative plots of derived properties demonstrate that the present equation of state exhibits physically consistent behavior throughout the range of validity and maintains reasonable extrapolation behavior at extremely low and high temperatures, and at high pressures. Supporting files are provided for implementation in REFPROP and TREND.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-026-03794-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Model of Multi-component Droplet Heating and Evaporation 多组分液滴加热蒸发新模型

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03798-4

D. V. Antonov, S. Tonini, G. E. Cossali, S. S. Sazhin

引用次数: 0

Reference Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Neon 氖热导率的参考相关性

IF 3.6 4区工程技术

International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10765-026-03782-y

Marc J. Assael, Sofia G. Sotiriadou, Monika Thol, Marcia L. Huber

{"title":"Reference Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Neon","authors":"Marc J. Assael, Sofia G. Sotiriadou, Monika Thol, Marcia L. Huber","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03782-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03782-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A new wide-ranging correlation for the thermal conductivity of neon, based on the most recent ab initio dilute gas theoretical calculations, a simplified crossover critical enhancement contribution, and critically evaluated experimental data, is presented. The correlation is designed to be used with a high-accuracy Helmholtz equation of state (EOS) over the range of temperatures from 24.5561 K (the triple-point temperature) to 700 K and at pressures up to 700 MPa. The model includes a zero-density correlation based on recent ab initio values, valid from 5 K to 5000 K with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) ranging from 0.15 % at the triple-point temperature to 0.028 % at 5000 K. In the range 200 K to 700 K for pressures up to 0.1 MPa, the estimated uncertainty of the full correlation (as indicated by comparisons with the most accurate measurements) is 0.3 % and rises to 0.7 % for temperatures from 85 K to 200 K. For pressures between 0.1 MPa to 40 MPa for temperatures between 100 K and 463 K, the uncertainty is 1.5 %. In the liquid phase the estimated expanded uncertainty rises to 15 % due to the lack of high-quality experimental data. The correlation behaves in a physically reasonable manner when extrapolated to temperatures and pressures above the limits of the EOS, however below approximately 100 K the correlation should be considered preliminary pending additional experimental low-temperature data.</div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148342947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0