International Journal of Material Forming最新文献_第4页

Finite element simulation of green tire building process and its application in cord defect optimization 绿色轮胎制造过程的有限元模拟及其在帘线缺陷优化中的应用

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01918-3

Jian Wu, Yinlong Wang, Kunhang Zou, Yushan Zhao, Yang Wang, Ziran Li

{"title":"Finite element simulation of green tire building process and its application in cord defect optimization","authors":"Jian Wu, Yinlong Wang, Kunhang Zou, Yushan Zhao, Yang Wang, Ziran Li","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01918-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01918-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a finite element simulation strategy was developed to analyze the green tire building process, with the goal of identifying existing defects and guiding the refinement of process parameters. The mechanical behaviors of uncured rubber in various tire components were investigated through cyclic loading and unloading experiments conducted at two different strain rates. A viscoelastic constitutive model was adopted to describe the nonlinear elasticity and hysteresis effects of uncured rubber under large deformation. Then the finite element models including a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric model for lamination step and a three-dimensional (3D) model for the remaining building steps were constructed to simulate the whole process. The green tire cross-section profile obtained from simulation is in good agreement with the actual one obtained through 3D scanning, thereby verifying the reliability of the simulation. Additionally, the deflection angle of cords was simulated and verified through green tire cutting experiments. Finally, factors affecting cord deflection were identified, including an intrinsic factor (radial displacement) and an extrinsic factor (deflection angles of nearby cords). Two improvement measures, reducing the radial displacement of cords and the influence from nearby cords, were proposed to reduce the misalignment of the carcass cords, and the effectiveness of measures was validated by simulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation on dissimilar titanium-aluminum T-joints produced by Friction stir welding: process mechanics and material flow 异种钛铝t形接头搅拌摩擦焊的数值研究：工艺力学和材料流

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01915-6

Harikrishna Rana, Gianluca Buffa, Fabrizio Micari, Livan Fratini

{"title":"Numerical investigation on dissimilar titanium-aluminum T-joints produced by Friction stir welding: process mechanics and material flow","authors":"Harikrishna Rana, Gianluca Buffa, Fabrizio Micari, Livan Fratini","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01915-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01915-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Friction stir welding (FSW) is a renowned joining technology for creating difficult-to-be-welded or non-weldable dissimilar material joints engendering viscoplastic flow at the interface. The present work compares the evolution of the material flow and properties during FSW of extremely different materials, viz., Aluminum alloy 6156 and commercially pure Ti Grade 2 with the help of numerical simulation and practical. The necessity of the appropriate heat flux to be achieved through balancing parameters was realized through simulation and experimental outcomes. In this paper, a specialized numerical model specifically designed to account for the presence of two distinct alloys, was employed to examine the effects of process parameters on temperature distribution, strain distribution, and material flow through velocity vectors. Valuable insights relating to material flow patterns observed while altering the mutual skin stringer positions have been elaborated. Macrostructural and microstructural characterizations were carried out to understand the localized material microstructural evolution comprising grain refinement, intermetallic, defects, etc. The parametric influence on grain morphologies, intermittent phases, joint strengths, and hardness are discussed in depth. Interestingly, the joint strength values recorded for prepared T-joints are comparable with the ones found for butt joint configurations reported in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forming mechanism and regulation of microstructural evolution for stainless steel tube with annular inner ribs by the method of hot power spinning 热旋压环形内筋不锈钢管成形机理及组织演变规律

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01916-5

Peng Zhang, Chen-Hao Zhao, Tian-Feng Wu, Jian-Chao Han

{"title":"Forming mechanism and regulation of microstructural evolution for stainless steel tube with annular inner ribs by the method of hot power spinning","authors":"Peng Zhang, Chen-Hao Zhao, Tian-Feng Wu, Jian-Chao Han","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01916-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01916-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thin-walled 304 stainless steel tubes with annular inner ribs have high strength, high stiffness, and light-weighting characteristics, and have wide applications in the aviation, aerospace, and navigation fields. In this study, stainless steel thin-walled tubes with inner ribs were manufactured by hot power backward-spinning. The microstructural morphology, microhardness, and main texture evolution of typical regions of the tube were characterized and tested. The influence of different stress-loading conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the tube was mainly studied. The numerical simulation for the hot spinning forming process of 304 stainless steel was carried out to analyze the material flow rules in the regions of inner rib and wall-thinning, as well as predict the height of inner ribs with different spinning parameters. The results showed that the thinning of the wall of the tube region is obvious, and the material in the inner rib region fills into the groove of the mandrel, and the loading paths of stress on the materials in these regions are different, and the wall-thinning region is subjected to axial and radial loads accuring plane strain, which leads to the transformation from the original equiaxial crystalline to elongated grains. The microstructure of the sample presented strong < 111>//AD texture for the reason of acutely axial load born from rotating tools during spinning. This study provides a reliable theoretical basis and technical reference for the optimization of the spinning forming process of stainless steel thin-walled tubes with annular inner ribs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The plastic flow analysis of cold strained DC04 ferritic steel using BBC family yield functions under associated flow rule and non-associated flow rule concepts 用BBC族屈服函数对冷应变DC04铁素体钢在关联流动规则和非关联流动规则概念下的塑性流动进行了分析

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01913-8

Naoel Brinis, Oualid Chahaoui, Abdenour Saoudi, Salim Boulahrouz, Nedjoua Matougui

{"title":"The plastic flow analysis of cold strained DC04 ferritic steel using BBC family yield functions under associated flow rule and non-associated flow rule concepts","authors":"Naoel Brinis, Oualid Chahaoui, Abdenour Saoudi, Salim Boulahrouz, Nedjoua Matougui","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01913-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01913-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study compares the mechanical properties of numerically predicted anisotropic parameters (using the BBC family of models) and experimentally measured results for DC04 steel sheets. The evolution of mechanical properties—such as flow stresses and Lankford coefficient—was analysed during initial plastic anisotropy and mechanical strain hardening in material forming. The results show that the evolution of mechanical properties under isotropic work hardening was predicted with respect to the selected strain levels during tensile testing of the steel. A proposed regression model effectively described the yield stress and <i>r-value</i> behaviour. The Lankford parameter was determined as an instantaneous value based on polynomial fitting of the transverse versus longitudinal true plastic strain curve. Using 08 and 16 independent orthotropic parameters, the BBC criteria family (2003_8p, 2005_8p, 2008_8p, and 2008_16p) was formulated and tested under a non-associated plasticity framework across different material orientations relative to the sheet's rolling direction. Vickers hardness was determined by hardness testing and measuring the two diagonal indentations. The aspect ratio, defined as the ratio of diagonal lengths in the longitudinal direction to those in the thickness direction, was linked to the Lankford coefficient. A strong correlation was observed between experimental hardness measurements and the material's anisotropic properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering the genesis of ridge defects in steel strips: a multifaceted approach 解读钢带脊状缺陷的成因：一个多方面的方法

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01914-7

Arijit Banerjee, K. S. Ghosh, M. M. Ghosh

{"title":"Deciphering the genesis of ridge defects in steel strips: a multifaceted approach","authors":"Arijit Banerjee, K. S. Ghosh, M. M. Ghosh","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01914-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01914-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ridge buckle defect is a perennial challenge in the Steel Industries. Its sporadic appearance at the cold rolling mill (CRM) precipitates the degradation of cold-rolled products. It is unequivocally established that the genesis of this defect lies within the hot strip mill (HSM), manifesting during the cold rolling process subsequent to annealing and skin-pass rolling. In spite of several research attempts, conclusive evidence to definitively resolve this issue remains elusive. This study endeavours to analyse the effect of ramifications of thickness variation in the transfer bar (TB) from the roughing mill, directly fed into the finishing stands of the HSM, on roll wear and strip profile. We hypothesize that this variation may predispose the TB to ridge buckle defects. To investigate this, the study conducts a meticulous statistical and experimental inquiry into the impact of thickness variation in the TB from the roughing mill on the wear of work rolls, which could be a catalyst for ridge buckle defects. The analysis unequivocally corroborates that the incidence of ridge defects is intricately intertwined with the wear profile of the work rolls of last roughing stand (i.e., R5), aligning with the prevailing production conditions within actual plant operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization and assessment of anisotropic constitutive models using the flat punch hole expansion test 利用平冲孔膨胀试验表征和评价各向异性本构模型

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01908-5

A. Narayanan, J. Arciero, C. Tolton, C. Butcher

{"title":"Characterization and assessment of anisotropic constitutive models using the flat punch hole expansion test","authors":"A. Narayanan, J. Arciero, C. Tolton, C. Butcher","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01908-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01908-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flat punch hole expansion tests are valuable for anisotropic plasticity model evaluation sine they activate a spectrum of tensile stress states across all in-plane material orientations. Pressure-independent yield functions with an associated flow rule typically overlook the state of plane strain tension (PST) during their calibration. Studies have shown that PST occurs near a principal stress ratio of 1:2 for materials that approximately follow deviatoric plasticity but this plane strain constraint (PSC) has been largely overlooked in anisotropic yield function calibration. This study proposes an efficient methodology to characterize and calibrate associated deviatoric plasticity models for materials with a broad range of anisotropy and hardening characteristics including AA5182-O and AA7075-T6 aluminum, and DC04 and 980GEN3 steels. The PST response was evaluated from notch tests using an inverse finite-element analysis approach with correlations provided when cruciform or notch test data is unavailable. The isotropic hardening assumption was evaluated to large strains by determining the stress response from analysis of area of the neck in tensile tests. The anisotropic Yld2000 and Yld2004 yield functions were calibrated to enforce the PSC, ensuring a zero plastic strain increment in directions without a deviatoric stress. The isotropic Hosford and quadratic Hill-48 functions, which universally satisfy and violate the PSC respectively, were also considered. Yield functions that enforced the PSC accurately predicted the global forces, strains, and PST locations in flat punch hole expansion simulations. In contrast, the Hill-48 model failed to accurately predict the radial distance from the hole in PST where the minor strain vanished, highlighting the importance of considering plane strain data for yield function calibration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the effect of pulse current and its direction on superplastic deformation of AZ31 Magnesium alloy 脉冲电流及其方向对AZ31镁合金超塑性变形影响的研究

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01912-9

Hongzhe Wu, Chao Li, Zishuai Chen, Yihan Gao

引用次数: 0

Investigation on the effect of pressure rate on the thickness, microstructure and property of magnesium alloy cylindrical part during warm hydromechanical deep drawing 压力速率对镁合金圆柱件热流体机械拉深成形厚度、组织和性能影响的研究

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01905-8

Gaoshen Cai, Yufeng Pan, Ziang Jing

{"title":"Investigation on the effect of pressure rate on the thickness, microstructure and property of magnesium alloy cylindrical part during warm hydromechanical deep drawing","authors":"Gaoshen Cai, Yufeng Pan, Ziang Jing","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01905-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01905-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnesium alloys are regarded as the next-generation lightweight structural materials; however, their formability at room temperature remains limited. Hydromechanical deep drawing is an effective technique to enhance the formability of magnesium alloys, with pressure rate (the pressure increment per unit time) being a critical parameter influencing part formability. In this study, a finite element model of an AZ31B magnesium alloy cylindrical component was established to investigate the effect of pressure rate on wall thickness. Under constant process parameters, variations in wall thickness at different pressure rates were simulated, and the impact on minimum wall thickness, thickness distribution, and uniformity was analyzed. Additionally, a predictive equation for wall thickness uniformity of cylindrical parts was developed. Metallographic analysis and hardness testing were conducted to examine the microstructure and hardness distribution in different deformation regions under varying pressure rates, with a focus on explaining the relationship between hardness distribution and microstructure. This study provides insights into the hydromechanical deep drawing mechanism of magnesium alloys from both micro- and macroscopic perspectives, offering a theoretical basis for optimizing the forming process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One-step fabrication of high-strength, high-conductivity gradient-structured copper terminals by radial plastic flow machining 径向塑性流加工一步制备高强度、高导电性梯度结构铜端子

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01911-w

Wenjun Deng, Zhicong Xiong, Peixuan Zhong, Songqing Li, Feifan Zhang

{"title":"One-step fabrication of high-strength, high-conductivity gradient-structured copper terminals by radial plastic flow machining","authors":"Wenjun Deng, Zhicong Xiong, Peixuan Zhong, Songqing Li, Feifan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01911-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01911-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper terminals with high strength and excellent electrical performance are crucial in power systems of electric vehicles. Radial plastic flow machining (RPFM) is an innovative plastic processing technique that utilizes a specially designed forming channel to fabricate high-performance, gradient-structured (GS) copper terminals in a single step. This study systematically investigated the forming mechanism, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of GS copper terminals across varying extrusion thicknesses. The study demonstrated that as extrusion thickness increased, the volume of material flowing into the transverse channel also rose. Consequently, the extent of the low-strain zone across the thickness expanded, whereas the proportion of the high-strain zone remained largely constant. Compared to the original pure copper, the mechanical properties exhibited a combined trend of increased hardness, reduced yield strength, and enhanced ductility. Simultaneously, the electrical conductivity reached up to 99.6% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), with virtually no loss in performance. The process established a gradient distribution of grains within the terminals, achieving an optimal balance between high strength, high electrical conductivity, and enhanced ductility, thereby overcoming the traditional trade-off dilemma among these three properties. Therefore, the GS copper terminals fabricated by the RPFM process demonstrated significant performance improvements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pressure cure of solid propellant charge based on thermo-chemo-mechanical fully coupled viscoelastic model 基于热-化-力全耦合黏弹性模型的固体推进剂装药压力固化

IF 2.6 3区材料科学

International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01907-6

Dong Wu, Yongjun Lei, Zhibin Shen, Dapeng Zhang

{"title":"Pressure cure of solid propellant charge based on thermo-chemo-mechanical fully coupled viscoelastic model","authors":"Dong Wu, Yongjun Lei, Zhibin Shen, Dapeng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01907-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01907-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pressure cure can reduce the cure residual stress (CRS) of solid propellant charges, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and storage life. As the polymerization reaction progresses, it is accompanied by heat release, chemical volume shrinkage, and viscoelastic evolution. In this study, a thermodynamically consistent, fully coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical viscoelastic model is developed. Relaxation tests are carried out on hydroxylated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellant specimens at different cure times revel the viscoelastic evolution mechanism. Consequently, a viscoelastic evolution model is established in relation to the degree of cure (DOC). On the basis, the CRS analysis of the pressure cure HTPB solid propellant charge is performed by means of user material subroutines. The model is validated against literature and experimental results. Furthermore, factors affecting temperature, DOC and CRS are analyzed. Results indicate that the shift factor of HTPB propellant is independent of DOC, while relaxation time first increases and then decreases. Employing the multi-physics coupled viscoelastic model provides a detailed description of the CRS development. An enhanced pressure cure scheme is proposed, which involves releasing partial pressure during cure to future reduce CRS. This model establishes a foundation for designing cure cycles and predicting CRS in solid propellant charges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12289-025-01907-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0