International Journal of Material Forming最新文献

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Investigation of the effects of experimental parameters on the processing of AA5754-H22 alloy by SPIF method 实验参数对SPIF法加工AA5754-H22合金影响的研究
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01932-5
Murat Koyunbakan, Hakan Mumcu, Vedat Taşdemir, Zafer Kaya
{"title":"Investigation of the effects of experimental parameters on the processing of AA5754-H22 alloy by SPIF method","authors":"Murat Koyunbakan,&nbsp;Hakan Mumcu,&nbsp;Vedat Taşdemir,&nbsp;Zafer Kaya","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01932-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01932-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single point incremental forming (SPIF), which is a method that can be controlled by CNC processes without the need for a mold, as in traditional sheet metal forming, reduces costs and is suitable for low production series. In this study, the thickness change, surface roughness, and spring-back behaviours of AA5754-H22 alloy, which is widely used in many industries, especially in aviation and automotive, after forming with the SPIF method, were experimentally investigated. The geometric shape used in the study is hexagonal. The study was carried out using the parameters of increment (0.25, 0.5 mm), feed rate (500, 1000 mm/min), spindle speed (1000, 1500 rpm), tool diameter (6, 10 mm), wall angle (50, 55°), lubricant (machine oil, sunflower oil). The results were analysed after the experiments were conducted using an L16 orthogonal experimental design with the Taguchi method, and variance analysis was performed. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that the most important parameter affecting the wall thickness was the wall angle with a rate of 95.33%, the most important parameter affecting the surface quality was the tool diameter with a rate of 70% and the most important parameter affecting the spring-back was the wall angle with a rate of 52.76%. From here, it was understood that the parameters affecting the spring-back were in a wider range. In addition, when all the results were taken into consideration, it could be said that the most effective parameter was the wall angle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analytical modelling of forming limit curves and the Lankford coefficients of anisotropy, r-values, using the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d plastic potential 使用非关联Barlat ' s Yld 2000-2d塑性势的成形极限曲线和各向异性Lankford系数r值的分析建模
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01924-5
José Divo Bressan
{"title":"Analytical modelling of forming limit curves and the Lankford coefficients of anisotropy, r-values, using the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d plastic potential","authors":"José Divo Bressan","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01924-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01924-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aims of present work are to apply the Bressan-Barlat mathematical model to predict the FLC curve and the proposed new equations of r-values to accurately predict the Lankford and the equal biaxial stress coefficients of anisotropy in sheet metal forming operations, using the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d plastic potential. The Forming Limit Curve by shear stress fracture, FLC-S, was predicted employing Bressan-Barlat critical shear stress criterion combined with the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2D plastic potential. The predicted coefficients of anisotropy were calculated and validated by the new Bressan´s anisotropy equations in conjunction with the Lankford and equal biaxial stress material anisotropy parameters, r-values, and the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d plastic potential. New Barlat´s coefficients of anisotropy a<sub>i</sub> were defined and calibrated from material experimental data of r-values for specimens under simple uniaxial tension and equal biaxial stress tests. The examined distinct metal alloys were the highly anisotropic AISI 439 steel sheets and AA 6016-T4 aluminium sheets presented in the ESAFORM 2021 cup drawing benchmark articles obtained from published literature. In the results analysis and discussion, the new coefficients of anisotropy of the Barlat´s non-associated plastic flow rule were calculated and validated by plotting on the same graph the predicted r-value and s-value curves and experimental data for the anisotropic steel sheets. Correlation analyses have revealed that the Barlat´s yield criterion and the plastic flow stress potential were not coincident. Prediction of FLC-S of AISI 439 steel was quite good, when using the Bressan-Barlat shear stress fracture criterion combined with the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d plastic stress potential. For both AISI 439 and AA 6014-T4, the non-associated Barlat´s Yld 2000-2d flow rule, calibrated by 7 r-values, provided a better fit to the experimental Lankford and equal biaxial coefficients of anisotropy. Exponent m = 10 was excellent and improved prediction accuracy over m = 8 for the AA 6014-T4.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flow stress model of high-strength container steel under multi-pass deformation conditions 高强度集装箱钢在多道次变形条件下的流动应力模型
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01929-0
Xiaoguang Zhou, Shan Jiang, Xin Ma, Xin Li, Jinfan Zhao, Guangming Cao, Zhenyu Liu
{"title":"Flow stress model of high-strength container steel under multi-pass deformation conditions","authors":"Xiaoguang Zhou,&nbsp;Shan Jiang,&nbsp;Xin Ma,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Jinfan Zhao,&nbsp;Guangming Cao,&nbsp;Zhenyu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01929-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01929-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multi-pass compression deformation experiments for a high-strength container steel have been conducted on the DIL805A/D thermal expansion instrument. The true stress- plastic strain curves of experimental steel were plotted. Three typical flow stress models are used to predict the flow stress of the first pass deformation, and Model-1 flow stress model with the highest fitting accuracy is selected as the basic model form. Also, high precision static recrystallization volume fraction model and austenite grain size model have been established. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters in Model-1 model according to the second pass flow stress data. The relationships between static recrystallization volume fraction, the initial austenite grain size, the dislocation density before deformation, the deformation temperature, the strain rate and the model parameters are established through the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. The established flow stress model not only has high accuracy but also conforms to physical metallurgical principles under multi-pass steel deformation conditions according to a maximum plastic strain of 0.25. The research results can provide an important theoretical guidance for the load distribution of the rolling mill for the production of high-strength container plate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mathematical approach to design preform for multi stage robot assisted incremental forming 多级机器人辅助增量成形预制件设计的数学方法
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01927-2
Srivardhan Reddy Palwai, Sahil Bharti, Anuj K Tiwari, Hariharan Krishnaswamy, Saravana Kumar Gurunathan
{"title":"Mathematical approach to design preform for multi stage robot assisted incremental forming","authors":"Srivardhan Reddy Palwai,&nbsp;Sahil Bharti,&nbsp;Anuj K Tiwari,&nbsp;Hariharan Krishnaswamy,&nbsp;Saravana Kumar Gurunathan","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01927-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01927-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Robo-forming is a flexible version of Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) that utilizes industrial robots to guide the forming tool along a desired trajectory on a blank surface. ISF is particularly suitable for rapid prototyping and low-volume production; however, the process is limited by a critical wall angle, beyond which the material fails by necking. Geometric shapes that exceed this critical wall angle have to be formed in multiple stages, adhering to the maximum limit of wall angle in each of the intermediate stages. Since the final outcome depends upon the intermediate shapes formed, it is essential to optimize the design of pre-form shape(s). The existing methods for multi-stage forming rely heavily on intuition and other heuristics for preform design. The current work proposes a frequency decomposition based approach using Fourier transform to generate preforms. The proposed multi-stage methodology presents a more standardized, algorithmic approach, ensuring an effective and reliable methodology that can be applied to any new complex shape. Experimental results demonstrate that the forming depth of the target geometries has improved significantly up to <span>(235%)</span> for the human cranial implant shape (a freeform shape) and by <span>(155%)</span> and <span>(173%)</span>, respectively, for hemispherical and elliptical components compared to the case without preform, ensuring successful forming of the components without fracture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical properties and failure criterion analysis of Pt-Rh alloy sheets for technical purposes 工业用Pt-Rh合金薄板的力学性能和失效准则分析
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01925-4
Sergey Borisovich Sidelnikov, Sergey Vladimirovich Belyaev, Ekaterina Sergeevna Lopatina, Vladimir Alexandrovich Lopatin, Igor Lazarevich Konstantinov, Sergey Nikolaevich Lezhnev, Yuriy Viktorovich Baykovskiy, Olga Sergeevna Novikova, Roman Ilsurovich Galiev, Irina Nikolaevna Belokonova, Marina Vladimirovna Voroshilova
{"title":"Mechanical properties and failure criterion analysis of Pt-Rh alloy sheets for technical purposes","authors":"Sergey Borisovich Sidelnikov,&nbsp;Sergey Vladimirovich Belyaev,&nbsp;Ekaterina Sergeevna Lopatina,&nbsp;Vladimir Alexandrovich Lopatin,&nbsp;Igor Lazarevich Konstantinov,&nbsp;Sergey Nikolaevich Lezhnev,&nbsp;Yuriy Viktorovich Baykovskiy,&nbsp;Olga Sergeevna Novikova,&nbsp;Roman Ilsurovich Galiev,&nbsp;Irina Nikolaevna Belokonova,&nbsp;Marina Vladimirovna Voroshilova","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01925-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01925-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research results for the production of strips from a platinum‒rhodium alloy for the manufacture of spinneret feeders are presented. Using the author’s software, an analysis of the process of rolling strips of the investigated alloy with a thickness of 1 mm from a forged workpiece with a thickness of 28 mm, which is currently used in industrial conditions, was carried out. The number of rolling passes and the number of annealing steps decreased. Experiments for the process of cold sheet rolling of strips from the platinum‒rhodium alloy were carried out. The proposed compression mode was tested under industrial conditions, and it was found that for the studied process of cold sheet rolling of a platinum‒rhodium alloy, it is possible to increase the unit degree of deformation to 0.3–0.4 mm, which leads to a decrease in the fractional deformation, a decrease in the number of anneals and passes in the absence of strip destruction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High rate impact welding of aluminum/galvanized steel: interface formation and effects 铝/镀锌钢高速率冲击焊接:界面形成及效果
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01921-8
Zhenghua Meng, Jiamin Guo, Zhixin Luo, Wei Liu, Tie Xu
{"title":"High rate impact welding of aluminum/galvanized steel: interface formation and effects","authors":"Zhenghua Meng,&nbsp;Jiamin Guo,&nbsp;Zhixin Luo,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Tie Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01921-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01921-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Galvanized steel has been widely used in industrial fields such as automobiles, ships, and household appliances. Due to its anti-corrosion properties, galvanized steel samples have lower corrosion rates and toughness losses. Therefore, using galvanized steel sheets is an effective way to improve the quality of welded joints. Nowadays aluminum alloy is gradually replacing steel as the raw material for industrial products due to its lightweight and corrosion-resistant properties, aluminum alloys have disadvantages in terms of cost and mechanical properties. Multi-material structures in industrial products (especially in automotive components) to fully utilize the advantages of steel and aluminum alloys. There are many ways to achieve steel/aluminum dissimilar metal connections. Due to the high welding temperature and poor welding environment, a high volume fraction of Al-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds precipitates at the welding interface, resulting in higher hardness at the welded joint and strong local corrosion. High-speed impact welding can effectively avoid these problems. At low welding temperature and high impact speed, minimal metal melting occurs at the interface while the base material deforms in solid state, forming a characteristic wavy bond morphology. Therefore, the coating will affect the morphology and component content of the welding interface during the impact joining process. In this paper, the effects of Zn coating on the welding interface will be investigated and the joint interface formation process will be clarified by using a method that combines numerical simulation and experiment, in order to instruct the processing design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical optimization of SPIF for steel matrix composites using an elastoplastic damage model and desirability-based RSM 基于弹塑性损伤模型和期望性RSM的钢基复合材料SPIF数值优化
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01920-9
Abir Bouhamed, Hajer Ellouz, Hanen Jrad
{"title":"Numerical optimization of SPIF for steel matrix composites using an elastoplastic damage model and desirability-based RSM","authors":"Abir Bouhamed,&nbsp;Hajer Ellouz,&nbsp;Hanen Jrad","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01920-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01920-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) technique has received considerable recognition for its improved formability, versatile process capabilities, and diminished forming forces. Nevertheless, its widespread industrial adoption remains limited due to challenges in accurately predicting fracture during forming. This study addresses these challenges by examining the formability and damage mechanisms of a ferritic steel matrix composite reinforced with TiB₂ ceramic particles. By leveraging advanced materials and computational methods, our research focuses on optimizing the SPIF process for these composites, renowned for their exceptional mechanical properties. We analyze three critical process parameters—blank thickness, forming tool diameter, and wall angle of the cone—to evaluate their influences on deformation mechanics and process performance. Numerical simulations generate response surfaces to optimize forming parameters, focusing on punch force, equivalent plastic strain, Von Mises stress, and final forming depth. Employing a desirability function approach, we tackle this multi-objective optimization, providing a robust framework for parameter selection. This study demonstrates the potential of TiB₂-reinforced steel matrix composites in advanced forming applications and highlights the optimal SPIF conditions for achieving superior formability while minimizing damage. The findings offer valuable insights for industries working with innovative composite materials and advancing manufacturing efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of thermo-vibration assisted multi-pass with variable parameters on incremental forming quality of magnesium alloy 热振动辅助变参数多道次对镁合金增量成形质量的影响
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01922-7
Chunjian Su, Daolong Zhang, Luhui Li, Yongxu Chen, Hongen Wei, Hening Sun, Dong Zhao, Sumin Guo, Kai Zhang
{"title":"Effect of thermo-vibration assisted multi-pass with variable parameters on incremental forming quality of magnesium alloy","authors":"Chunjian Su,&nbsp;Daolong Zhang,&nbsp;Luhui Li,&nbsp;Yongxu Chen,&nbsp;Hongen Wei,&nbsp;Hening Sun,&nbsp;Dong Zhao,&nbsp;Sumin Guo,&nbsp;Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01922-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01922-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnesium alloys are known for their poor plasticity at room temperature, making them difficult to form. Typically, heating is required to enhance their formability. However, even heat-assisted forming has limitations when it comes to improving the quality of the formed components. To further enhance the forming quality of magnesium alloys, this study explores the use of vibration in conjunction with heating, specifically through a multi-pass incremental forming process for magnesium alloys under combined thermo-vibratory effects. The research integrates thermal-vibration parameters with forming process parameters for comprehensive analysis. Initially, orthogonal experiments were conducted to examine the influence of different thermal-vibration parameters, such as temperature, vibration frequency, and amplitude, on the wall thickness and geometric accuracy of the workpiece. This analysis led to the determination of an optimal combination of thermal-vibration parameters. Subsequently, under these optimal thermal-vibration conditions, the effects of single-process parameter variations, including inter-pass angle, tool diameter, and layer spacing were examined, and their interactions on forming quality. Experimental validation confirmed the accuracy of the simulation model used in this research. The results revealed that the optimal thermal-vibration parameter combination consists of a forming temperature of 250 °C, a vibration frequency of 30 kHz, and an amplitude of 0.01 mm. Under these conditions, the minimum wall thickness of the workpiece improved by 3.24%. Furthermore, among the process parameters, the inter-pass angle had the most significant impact on forming quality, followed by the tool diameter, while layer spacing showed the least influence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Constitutive modeling and formability insights for AA 2198 during natural aging and its application to stretch forming aa2198自然时效本构建模、成形性分析及拉伸成形应用
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01917-4
Sook Lee, Taek Jin Jang, Deok Chan Ahn, Jeong Whan Yoon
{"title":"Constitutive modeling and formability insights for AA 2198 during natural aging and its application to stretch forming","authors":"Sook Lee,&nbsp;Taek Jin Jang,&nbsp;Deok Chan Ahn,&nbsp;Jeong Whan Yoon","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01917-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01917-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the influence of natural aging on the formability and plastic deformation behavior of AA 2198, a third-generation Al-Li alloy, under W-temper conditions to address its low formability. Mechanical tests, including uniaxial tensile, bulge, and Nakazima tests, were performed to evaluate the evolution of mechanical properties, anisotropy, and formability during natural aging. A phenomenological hardening model was developed and validated through yield surfaces and finite element simulations, incorporating insights from forming limit tests. During natural aging, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased, while elongation decreased. Natural aging was completed within 7.6 days, with solute and precipitation strengthening identified as primary mechanisms. Anisotropy appeared during early natural aging but remained stable, attributed to the aluminum crystal structure and rolling-induced crystallographic texture, independent of natural aging effects. The proposed hardening model effectively predicted the evolution of yield strength, anisotropy, and formability across natural aging conditions. The forming limit curve for natural aging at 0.5 h was significantly higher than other conditions, demonstrating enhanced formability through W-temper heat treatment. Finite element simulations and forming tests revealed that natural aging at 0.5 and 6.0 h supported stable forming, with natural aging at 6.0 h offering optimal thickness distribution and safety margins. Beyond 24.0 h of natural aging, formability diminished significantly due to wrinkling and fractures. This study highlights the utility of the hardening model and numerical framework as efficient virtual tools for optimizing the W-temper forming of aerospace components.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strain gradient and deformation localization at the thickness in tube hydro-bulging process 管材水胀形过程中应变梯度及厚度处变形局部化
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学
International Journal of Material Forming Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12289-025-01919-2
Yang Cai, Xiao-Lei Cui, Chunhuan Guo, Fengchun Jiang
{"title":"Strain gradient and deformation localization at the thickness in tube hydro-bulging process","authors":"Yang Cai,&nbsp;Xiao-Lei Cui,&nbsp;Chunhuan Guo,&nbsp;Fengchun Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01919-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01919-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydroforming is an advanced technology that enables integrated forming for complex components and promotes lightweight construction and high reliability. However, the hydroforming process can result in a strain gradient at the wall thickness of tubes, which directly determines the deformation order in the thickness and is closely linked to the occurrence of defects like springback and wrinkling of tubular components. In this study, a geometric model of tube hydro-bulging that considers wall thickness was established, and the effects of length-diameter and diameter-thickness ratios on the radial strain gradient were studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. Higher strains are experienced on the inside and lower on the outside during tube bulging. The strain disparity increases with greater length-diameter ratios and decreasing diameter-thickness ratios. In the case of a tube with an outer diameter of 78 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm, the maximum equivalent strain difference observed was 0.03. Additionally, a tube hydro-bulging test was carried out to confirm the microstructural gradient, with high-density dislocations concentrated near the inner surface, resulting in noticeable strain localization. This study reveals the radial deformation mechanism of hydroformed tubular components, essentially providing a reliable scientific basis for controlling defects in tubular parts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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