Indian Journal of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Structural, electrical, magnetic, and optical characterization of sol–gel derived Pb0.5Ba0.5Cr2O5 pseudobrookite","authors":"Abdullah Saad Alsubaie,&nbsp;Karim Souifi,&nbsp;Ghada Raddaoui,&nbsp;Khasan Berdimuradov,&nbsp;Elyor Berdimurodov","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04090-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04090-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A highly crystallized pseudobrookite-type oxide named Pb_0.5Ba_0.5Cr₂O₅ was successfully synthesized via the sol–gel method. Structural and microstructural characterizations were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD results confirm that the Pb_0.5Ba_0.5Cr₂O₅ compound is an orthorhombic crystal structure, belonging to the <i>Cmcm</i> space group (No. 63). SEM analysis shows that the particles exhibit a relatively uniform grain distribution with narrow size dispersion with an average size of approximately 0.21 µm. Furthermore, the study of electrical properties shows that Pb_0.5Ba_0.5Cr₂O₅ is semiconducting in nature, with the variation in magnetoresistance (MR) as a function of temperature suggesting carrier diffusion effects or anomalous magnetic response at low temperatures. Magnetic study confirms that this compound undergoes an antiferromagnetic (AFM)-paramagnetic (PM) transition at a Neel transition temperature of approximately 88 K. The absorption spectra analysis confirms the presence of a direct optical band gap in the range of 5.33 to 5.7 eV, indicating the direct-band-gap semiconductor behavior of the material. Based on UV–Vis measurements, important optical parameters such as the Urbach energy and the optical extinction coefficient were determined. These optical characteristics reflect the material’s potential for optoelectronic applications. Additionally, the refractive index was derived from the reflectance data. It was found to follow Cauchy’s dispersion relation in the spectral region where absorption is significant. Furthermore, the dispersion parameters E_o (oscillator energy) and E_d (dispersion energy) were evaluated to further characterize the optical behavior of the material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4205 - 4222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing nanostructure and optical properties of CdO thin films via molarity-controlled SILAR deposition","authors":"Zaid A. Abed,&nbsp;Ali M. Mohammad","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04098-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04098-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The characteristics of cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films are closely tied to the synthesis parameters employed during their preparation. Among these, the precursor solution molarity significantly affects the structural, surface, and optical properties of the deposited films. Despite its importance, the specific impact of molarity has not been adequately addressed in the literature, posing a challenge for optimizing these films for applications such as gas sensors and optoelectronic devices. In the present investigation, CdO films were deposited via the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using precursor concentrations of 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 M. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of a polycrystalline cubic phase with a dominant (111) orientation. An upward trend in crystallite size was observed with increasing molarity, registering approximate values of 16.27 nm, 16.91 nm, and 18.91 nm for the respective concentrations. Concurrently, the lattice strain decreased from 21.35 to 18.82, and the dislocation density decreased from 37.84 to 29.47 with increasing molarity. FE-SEM and particle size analysis of CdO films show denser, more compact surfaces with increasing molarity. At 0.10 M, the surface is smoother with clear grain boundaries, whereas higher concentrations yield larger, clustered particles. Particle size increased from 31.81 to 35.24 nm, reflecting enhanced growth at higher molarity. Optical characterization revealed a transmittance decrease and an absorbance increase with the increasing molarity. In addition, the optical parameters of absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and refractive index also decreased with the molarity. Specifically, the optical gap value dropped from 2.83 eV at 0.10 M to 2.70 eV at 0.20 M. The morphological optical property dependence of increasing molarity was attributed to the precursor concentration effect on the structure formation of CdO thin film. The dense, structurally homogeneous nanofilms offer a promising perspective for applications ranging from sensing to enhanced surface area and structural stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 11","pages":"4601 - 4610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12648-026-04098-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 6Li + 58Ni elastic scattering using microscopic folding potentials","authors":"Ahmed Hammad Amer,&nbsp;M. N. El-Hammamy","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04089-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04089-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We reanalyzed the angular distribution data of the ⁶Li + ⁵⁸Ni elastic scattering at ⁶Li energies ranging from 12 to 600 MeV within the optical model framework. Our study pursues three main goals: First, we systematically assess the sensitivity of scattering observables to different double-folding potential configurations. These include the CDM3Y6 effective nucleon-nucleon interaction with a three-body (α+n+p) cluster density of ⁶Li, as well as the São Paulo (SPP2) and Brazilian (BNP) potentials folded with the Dirac-Hartree-Bogoliubov (DHB) densities of both interacting nuclei, and a phenomenological Woods-Saxon potential of fixed radii. Second, we investigate the energy dependence of the interaction potential through volume integrals and total reaction cross-sections. Third, we quantify the role of channel coupling by performing coupled-channel calculations that include inelastic excitation of both the projectile and target, demonstrating their crucial impact on the elastic scattering description, an effect that is particularly evident in the 600 MeV data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4383 - 4395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics of a noncommutative geometry inspired Reissner–Nordström black hole in a nonlinearly deformed space","authors":"T. Toghrai,&nbsp;N. Mansour,&nbsp;A. El Boukili,&nbsp;M. B. Sedra,&nbsp;A. Daassou,&nbsp;R. Benbrik","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04094-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04094-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyse the thermodynamic properties of a noncommutative geometry inspired Reissner–Nordström black hole in a nonlinearly deformed spacetime. Throughout this work, the same noncommutative parameter <span>(theta)</span> is used to encode the effects of the minimal length scale in both the geometric and thermodynamic analyses. The combined effects of noncommutativity and nonlinear deformation on the horizon structure, temperature, entropy, and heat capacity are examined. Significant deviations from classical behaviour are found in the small-mass regime, suggesting the presence of a stable black hole remnant. In particular, the nonlinear radial deformation is shown to induce genuinely novel thermodynamic phases that are absent in the standard Nicolini-type smearing construction, including stable configurations and a thermodynamic remnant with positive heat capacity. Although the nonlinear deformation is introduced at the effective geometric level and is not derived from a specific modified action principle, it is firmly grounded in the Generalised Uncertainty Principle and provides a fully self-consistent effective description of minimal-length physics in charged black hole thermodynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4467 - 4488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quest for α-decay chains from odd-A superheavy nuclei","authors":"Sukhnandan Kaur,&nbsp;Shubham Bharmoria,&nbsp;Simranpreet Kaur,&nbsp;Sukhdeep Kaur,&nbsp;Neeraj Bansal,&nbsp;Harjeet Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04080-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04080-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Α</i>-decay chains originating from odd-<i>A</i> superheavy nuclei (SHN) with atomic numbers 118 ≤ <i>Z</i> ≤ 124, are systematically investigated after analyzing their decay modes by comparing the calculated<i> α</i>-decay half-lives (<span>(T_{1/2}^{alpha })</span>) with spontaneous fission half-lives (<span>(T_{1/2}^{SF})</span>). Employing a theoretical framework motivated by a phenomenological approach involving the energy density functional (EDF) of the Skyrme force within the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation, we have calculated the<i> α</i>-particle preformation probabilities (<span>(P_{alpha })</span>.) for 110 odd-<i>A</i> heavy and superheavy nuclei. This approach inherently incorporates nuclear structure effects, such as deformation and shell closures. The calculated <span>(P_{alpha })</span>-values are analyzed within the modified <i>N</i>_<i>P</i><i>N</i>_<i>N</i><i>I</i>-scheme, which is then utilized to estimate <span>(T_{1/2}^{alpha })</span>-values for the unsynthesized odd-<i>A</i> superheavy nuclei. The obtained results of <span>(T_{1/2}^{alpha })</span>-values are compared with those calculated using the universal decay law (UDL) and the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM). The calculated branching ratios suggest the presence of 18 potential<i> α</i>-decay chains, which may guide future experimental efforts in the superheavy region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 9","pages":"3839 - 3853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cu doping induced modifications in the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of CoFe2O4","authors":"Yogesh G. Kute,&nbsp;Dhanraj N. Aepurwar,&nbsp;B. H. Devmunde","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04091-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04091-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cobalt ferrites doped with Cu²⁺ ions, represented by the chemical formula Co_1−<i>x</i>Cu_<i>x</i>Fe₂O₄ (where <i>x</i> = 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75, 0.90), are synthesized by using the sol–gel auto combustion technique. The XRD analysis indicates the establishment of a homogeneous spinel cubic phase. The average crystallite size was found in the range of 74 to 55 nm, which is a decrease due to the presence of Jahn–Teller distortion. The FESEM micrographs depict grains of nearly uniform size after the addition of Cu²⁺ ions. HRTEM micrographs show a highly crystalline structure. The outcomes derived from FTIR and Raman spectroscopy lead to additional support for the notion of a single-phase cubic arrangement. The analysis of Raman spectra demonstrated the presence of multiple vibrational modes within the specimen, thus elucidating the identification of six distinct Raman modes: 2A_2g, E_g, 3T_3g. etc. The BET analysis demonstrated a rise in the surface area from 14 m²/g to 367 m²/g. The nanocomposites demonstrated ferromagnetic characteristics, with saturation magnetization (Ms) values ranging from 73.55 to 25.44 emu/g.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4223 - 4238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles insight into the UV-driven anisotropy of NaXSiO4 (X = Al, Ga): structural, electronic, elastic and optical analysis","authors":"Muhammad Suliman Khan,&nbsp;Yousaf Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Sohail Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04097-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04097-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pressing need for advanced ultraviolet (UV) materials, vital for aerospace, optoelectronics, and radiation hardened technologies, demands a deep understanding of structure property relationships in wide bandgap ceramics. This study explores the structural, electronic, elastic, and optical properties of NaXSiO₄ (X = Al, Ga) through a density functional theory (DFT) investigation, with experimental level precision. Using WIEN2k calculations, we show that both compounds, with hexagonal frameworks of corner-sharing [AlO₄]/[SiO₄] and [GaO₄]/[SiO₄] tetrahedra, exhibit indirect bandgaps of 4.599 eV (NaAlSiO₄) and 4.089 eV (NaGaSiO₄), in their electronic band profiles, demonstrating their insulating nature. These materials displayed strong optical anisotropy, with UV peak absorption coefficients of (5.5 × 10³ cm⁻¹) for NaAlSiO₄ and (5.8 × 10³ cm⁻¹) for NaGaSiO₄ at 12.5 eV, surpassing conventional oxides like SiO₂ and Al₂O₃. Mechanistic insights reveal that O-2p → Al/Si-3sp and Ga-4sp interband transitions drive their UV-selective behavior, and a marginally higher reflectivity of NaGaSiO₄ of about 0.58 compared to 0.56 for NaAlSiO₄ in the energy range of 12–13 eV, indicate that NaGaSiO₄ serves effectively in UV-reflective coatings and UV shielding. The loss function analysis confirms that NaGaSiO₄ exhibited an improved dynamic electronic response compared with NaAlSiO₄, and the higher refractive index of NaGaSiO₄ (1.8) as compared to NaAlSiO₄ (1.75), highlights its potential for high-energy environments and UV optical applications, such as lenses and waveguides. Mechanically, NaAlSiO₄ and NaGaSiO₄ exhibit bulk moduluses (143.1458 GPa and 137.1902 GPa), ensuring durability under thermal and mechanical stress. This work establishes NaAlSiO₄ and NaGaSiO₄ as promising candidates for extreme UV applications and provides a DFT framework to accelerate the development of high-performance optical ceramics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 11","pages":"4591 - 4600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localized training structures in a hepatitis model with both diffusive and therapeutic effects","authors":"Henock Ngoubi,&nbsp;Raoul Yonkeu Mbakob,&nbsp;David Afungchui,&nbsp;Germain Hubert Ben-Bolie","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04071-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04071-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated delocalized nonlinear excitations and formations in the hepatitis model. We focused our study on the formation, propagation of localized diffusive patterns as well as the treatment of hepatitis. For this, the Novak model was extended by taking into account both treatment and spatial diffusion. Using the multiple scale expansion method, we show that, the extended Nowak model can be reduced to a two dimensional modified complex Ginzburg–Landau equation (<i>mCGLE</i>). Through the linear analysis, one can predict the birth of multi-localized formation structures. One remark is that the decrease in excitation modes with the increase in treatment parameters, which justifies the fact that the treatment used here aims to suppress or reduce the domains where viral cells are localized. Studying the effect of this parameter on the governing equation allowed us to reduce the areas of turbulence or instabilities and therefore identify areas of hepatitis prevalence. The analytical solution is plotted and we observed the transition of viral hepatitis states with an increase in the treatment parameter <span>(k_u)</span>. The analytical results proved to be consistent with the numerical results. Finally, we demonstrated that the associated diffusion and treatment effects could also lead to the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies, either to reduce or eradicate the proliferation of hepatic cells in the human body.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4321 - 4336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and observational constraints on Tsallis holographic dark energy in Bianchi type-III universe within Lyra geometry","authors":"Niharika Borah,&nbsp;Dipankar Mandal,&nbsp;Manash Pratim Das","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04087-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04087-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores a cosmological model based on Tsallis holographic dark energy within Lyra geometry for an anisotropic Bianchi type-III universe. We assume a proportional relation between expansion and shear scalar; exact solutions of the modified gravitational field equations are obtained. The model parameters are constrained using observational Hubble data, showing consistency with present cosmological measurements. The results indicate a smooth transition from early decelerated expansion to late-time acceleration driven by dark energy. The evolution of energy densities and the equation-of-state parameter support a stable quintessence-like behaviour, while energy condition analysis confirms the physical viability of the model. Additional cosmographic diagnostics further demonstrate that the framework provides a consistent description of cosmic evolution beyond the standard cosmological scenario.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4447 - 4465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of Shockley–Read–Hall current density in InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells under temperature and hydrostatic pressure","authors":"Rajab Yahyazadeh","doi":"10.1007/s12648-026-04078-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12648-026-04078-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a numerical model was used to analyze the non-radiative Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) current density in InGaN<i>/</i>GaN multiple-quantum-well solar cells (MQWSC) under temperature and hydrostatic pressure. Finite difference techniques were employed to acquire energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of <span>({text{InGaN/GaN}})</span> MQWLSC, followed by calculating the hole eigenstates via a k.p method. Our results revealed that a change in temperature up to 300 K could increase the electron, hole, and equal capture coefficients in the quantum well. Moreover, this temperature change increased the radius of point defects, the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon scattering integral, the SRH coefficient, and current in MQW regions while decreasing the LO phonon energy. Accordingly, these parameters had a reverse behavior when increasing hydrostatic pressure compared to when increasing temperature. It was further found that the Huang-Rhys factor of light holes and the splitting of band holes had the highest contributions to hole capture coefficients. Overall, SCs demonstrated better performance compared to when the SRH current was lower, suggesting that temperature and hydrostatic pressure have both negative and positive impacts on the performance of these SCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":584,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Physics","volume":"100 10","pages":"4143 - 4159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148909787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}