长江医药(英文)最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Prevention Strategies of Falls in Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Changheng Yin, Yumei Liao","doi":"10.4236/ym.2019.42011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2019.42011","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To analyze the clinical features of falls in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to provide basis for preventing the occurrence of falls in hospitalized patients with CKD. Method: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 27 adverse events of falls in hospitalized patients from the department of nephrology in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital during May 2009 and May 2019. Results: Among the 27 patients with falls, people over 65 years old accounted for 55.56%; 74.07% of the patients had caregivers; the peak period of falls was from June to August, accounting for 40.74%, mainly occurring from 7:00 to 8:00, 12:00 to 13:30 and 19:00 to 21:00; the locations of falls were mostly near the bed and in the bathroom, accounting for 33.33% and 22.22%, respectively; suffering from anemia, hypoproteinemia, abnormal serum potassium, calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders accompanied by abnormal parathyroid hormone and hypertension accounted for 88.89%, 85.19%, 29.63%, 96.30% and 81.48% respectively. The inpatients on dialysis therapy accounted for 66.67%. Conclusion: The occurrence of falls in hospitalized patients with CKD was not only related to age, caregivers, time, months, locations or other conventional factors, but also the complications and dialysis therapies. To effectively reduce the occurrence of falls, it’s necessary to enhance the sense of safety and responsibility of caregivers. Besides, nurses should strengthen the inspection of wards for inpatients engaging in some intensive activities, and nurses should also pay more attention to the inpatients with anemia, hypoproteinemia, calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders and those on dialysis therapies.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of 1170 Patients with Symptomatic Epilepsy in Jianghan Plain","authors":"Yunyu Ding, Xianglin Cheng","doi":"10.4236/ym.2019.42013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2019.42013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment of 1170 patients with symptomatic epilepsy were retrospectively analyzed and provided guidance for further treatment of symptomatic epilepsy. Method: A retrospective analysis of 1170 cases of symptomatic epilepsy admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from January 2013 to June 2018 was conducted to analyze the etiology, clinical manifestations and treatment of different age groups. Results: Symptomatic epilepsy is high in the elderly, and men are more than women. Among the 1170 patients with symptomatic epilepsy, there were 81 (6.9%) cases of brain injury, 721 (61.6%) cases of cerebrovascular disease, 223 (19.0%) cases of tumor, 59 (5.0%) cases of central nervous system infection, 33 (2.8%) cases of immune metabolic disease, 11 (0.9%) cases of drugs, 6 (0.5%) cases of cortical dysplasia, 6 (0.5%) cases of neurodegenerative disease, 4 (0.3%) cases of parasites, 4 (0.3%) cases of poisons, and 22 (1.9%) cases of other diseases. Among them, central nervous system infection and cerebrovascular disease ranked first among the patients aged 0 - 18 years, followed by immune metabolic diseases; cerebrovascular disease ranked first among the patients aged 19 - 39 years, followed by tumors and brain trauma; cerebrovascular disease ranked first among the patients aged 40 - 65 years, followed by tumors and brain trauma; cerebrovascular disease ranked first among the patients aged over 65 years, followed by tumors, among the types of seizures, 74 (6.3%) cases of tonic seizures, 68 (5.8%) cases of clonic seizures, 856 (73.2%) cases of tonic-clonic seizures, 27 (2.3%) cases of myoclonic seizures, 12 (1.0%) cases of absence seizures, 116 (9.9%) cases of complicated partial seizures, and 17 (1.5%) cases of partial seizures, in addition to the etiology, 795 (67.9%) cases of sodium valproate, 152 (13.0%) cases of carbamazepine, 56 (4.8%) cases of topiramate, 117 (10.0%) cases of levetiracetam, 23 (2.0%) cases of lamotrigine, and 27 (2.3%) cases of others were taken. Conclusion: In symptomatic epilepsy, different age groups have different causes. Among them, cerebrovascular disease, central nervous system infection, brain trauma, and brain tumor are the main causes. The most common type of seizures is the occurrence of tonic-clonic seizures. The most common drugs are sodium valproate and carbamazepine.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47749185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors of Vascular Cognitive Disorder in Acute Cerebral Infarction Patients","authors":"Yan Liang, X. Ao","doi":"10.4236/ym.2019.42010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2019.42010","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To identify the main risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction by Meta-analysis, and provide references for the effective prevention of the cognitive impairment in stroke patients. Methods: To retrieve the observational research literatures that refer to the risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke, which are published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Chinese databases. The screening and data extraction of these literatures are independently completed by two researchers, who also give the quality evaluation of the literatures according to the evaluation criterion of the Australian JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Center. Then, Meta-analysis is conducted by using Revman5.3 software. Results: There are twenty-eight articles selected from 1507 literatures, with a total of 10,711 cases and 50 risk factors included. Among them, there are combined effects of ten factors which have statistical significance, such as infarction area, alcohol consumption, smoking, hyper homocysteinemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, history of cerebral infarction, hyperlipoidemia and education level. The relational merging OR value and 95% CI between the type-variable factors and cognitive impairment are 3.25 (1.84, 5.76); 2.98 (2.58, 3.45); 2.79 (1.69, 4.59); 2.35 (1.93, 2.85); 2.25 (1.86, 2.71); 2.14 (2.10, 2.18); 1.82 (1.62, 2.03); 1.54 (1.24, 1.92); 1.45 (1.34, 1.56); 0.83 (0.78, 0.89). Conclusion: Infarction area, alcohol consumption, smoking, hyper homocysteinemia, hypertension, diabetesmellitus, age, history of cerebral infarction, hyperlipoidemia and low education level are the main risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Clinical nursing staff should include it into the routine assessment of patients with acute cerebral infarction and actively prevent and intervene.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47799092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolosa Hunt Syndrome: Current Diagnostic Challenges and Treatment","authors":"Samwel Sylvester Msigwa, Yan Li, Xianglin Cheng","doi":"10.4236/ym.2019.42014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2019.42014","url":null,"abstract":"Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is an uncommon diagnosis with an incidence of nearly 1 to 2 cases per million hallmarked by the presence of painful ophthalmoplegia (PO) due to a granulomatous inflammation (GI). Diagnostically, the major THS challenges encountered are owing to the exclusion of other GI presenting conditions necessitating multi-specialization consultations. This article presents uniquely advances in diagnosis and challenges encountered attempting to exclude THS mimics, details on physical examination and laboratory investigations have been incorporated. Tolosa Hunt MRI protocol (contrast-enhanced MRI), restricted diffusion and CISS MRI have lately proved to be precise investigations for THS diagnosis and follow up, on the contrary, number of false-negative/positive MRI diagnoses appears to be rising, hence proposed that MRI or biopsy shouldn’t be mandatory criteria for diagnosis as opposed to IHS 2018 guidelines. Despite corticosteroids being the cornerstone therapy for THS, there are controversies concerning the better administration route, optimal dosage, and therapy longevity, through case reports, high dose IV mPSL of 500 mg BID for 3 days, followed with maintenance dose of prednisone 60 mg resulted in the earliest recovery, hereafter standardized guidelines are required. Alternatively, infliximab (300 mg infusion), azathioprine, methotrexate, and acupuncture can be used, farther studies are required to appraise the effectiveness and their safety. On the other side, microsurgery can be utilized for GI evacuation however associated risks of permanent CN VI palsy have been stated, nonetheless, GKRS can be employed when contraindication or corticosteroid intolerability exists though the hazard of late malignancy is a drawback.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42247523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CIB1 as a potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in uveal melanoma","authors":"Xianwang Wang, L. Ge, Yu Guo, Z. Zou, X. Wan, Yingying Lu, Shujuan Hu","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-28252/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-28252/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 BackgroundUveal melanoma (UVM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults. However, identification of the effective biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of UVM remain to be explored. Calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) is emerging as an important mediator in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In the present study, we aim to determine the contribution of CIB1 in the diagnosis of UVM.MethodsImmumohistochemical staining is used to detect the CIB1 expression level, while Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) and UALCAN online tools were used to further analyze patient survival and CIB1 correlation genes in UVM. Integrative analysis using STRING and GeneMANIA predicted the correlated genes with CIB1 in UVM.ResultsTo the best of our knowledge the novel observations identified in the present study reveal that CIB1 expression level in UVM was significantly enhanced when compared with that in paracancerous tissues. A higher CIB1 expression level resulted in a significant worse disease free survival as well as overall survival. Moreover, survival probability of patients with UVM was associated with body weight and gender of the the patients. The correlated genes with CIB1 in UVM, and the similarity of the genes in UVM expression and survival heatmap was verified. Furthermore, Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that CIB1 and its correlated genes are significantly enriched in ITGA2B-ITGB3-CIB1 complex, regulation of intracellular protein transport and regulation of ion transport.ConclusionsTaken together, our novel findings suggested that CIB1 might be a potential diagnostic predictor for UVM, and might contribute to the potential strategy for UVM treatment by targeting CIB1.# These authors contributed equally to this work","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41430768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Population Screening Identified the Main Risk Factors of Stroke in Shashi District of Jingzhou City","authors":"Panpan Zheng, Ling Zhang, Rui-xia Sun, Xiaoyan Peng","doi":"10.4236/ym.2020.41007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2020.41007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper aims to screen and analyze the current status of high-risk stroke patients in Shashi District of Jingzhou City and the exposure levels of related risk factors, and provides suggestions as the references for prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods: Using cluster sampling, on-site investigations were conducted on 1060 permanent residents aged 40 years and over at 3 townships and 2 communities in Shashi District of Jingzhou City from January 2018 to December 2018. Risk assessment of stroke is based on the stroke risk screening form. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: After making a stroke risk assessment, a total of 313 high-risk stroke patients were screened, and the detection rate was 29.53%. The exposure rate of risk factors from high to low was hypertension (70.93%), dyslipidemia (46.33%), less physical exercise (46.01%), diabetes (36.10%), overweight (33.55%), smoking (33.23%), family history of stroke (24.92%), atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease (7.35%). There are statistically significant differences among all risk factors between the high-risk group and middle and low-risk groups (P < 0.05). There is a statistically significant difference in smoking between men and women (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The detection rate of high-risk stroke patients in Shashi District of Jingzhou City is high. Hypertension, dyslipidemia and less physical exercise are the main risk factors of stroke occurrence and recurrence in the region. The prevention and treatment of risk factors for stroke should be strengthened to control the incidence and recurrence rate of stroke.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47228648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role, Mechanism and Transcriptional Regulation of LAT in Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation","authors":"Ying Zhang, Yingying Wang, Jun-Ting Cheng, Wen-Qi Cai, Ziwen Han, Yang Zhou, Qi Huang, Moyu Wang, Xiao-Chun Peng, Xianwang Wang, Zhaowu Ma, Ying Xiang, H. Xin","doi":"10.4236/ym.2020.41004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ym.2020.41004","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the human body can be latent in neurons for long time and be reactivated leading to recurrence at high rate. Currently there is no effective clinical strategy for the prevention and treatment of the disease relapse. HSV LAT gene is expressed in large quantities and lytic genes are turned off leading to HSV latency. Disruption of the gene expression is thought to cause HSV reactivation and disease relapse. To reveal the essence of HSV latency and reactivation, we summarized and innovatively classified the role, mechanism and transcriptional regulation of LAT in HSV latency and reactivation. This review may have important implications for future studies on HSV latency and reactivation, HSV disease prevention and treatment, and safer and more effective oncolytic HSVs (oHSVs).","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42187628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brugada Syndrome: A Review","authors":"Laxmi Narayan Goit, Shaning Yang","doi":"10.4236/YM.2019.34023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/YM.2019.34023","url":null,"abstract":"The Brugada syndrome is a form of cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by electrocardiographic ST-Segment elevation in right precordial leads that affect young male patient, predisposing to malignant ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac deaths. The majority of the patients with Brugada syndrome remain asymptomatic, however, patient can present with symptom like syncope, palpitation and aborted sudden cardiac death. Several pathogenic genes have been identified as associated with the disease but SCN5A is most prevalent one. The Brugada syndrome is diagnosed by typically cove shaped ST-segment elevation of >2 mm in greater than one precordial lead V1 and V2, occurring spontaneously or after provocative drugs test with IV administration of class 1 antiarrhythmic drug such flecainide or Ajmaline. Risk stratification and the need for treatment depend on the patient symptom, electrocardiography, family history and electrophysiological study. The treatment by implantable cardioverter defibrillators, the only effective treatment to date is appropriate. Other treatment options included pharmacological therapy (Quinidine) and Radiofrequency ablation of ventricular ectopies. This brief review focuses on epidemiology of Brugada syndrome, Genetic basis, mechanism, clinical presentation, ECG changes, risk stratification, Diagnostic criteria and management.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45259188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ursolic Acid Attenuates Renal Injury Induced by Adriamycin in Mice","authors":"Wen-jun Gou, Tean Ma, Qing Wu, Qing-feng Lei, Pan Zhang","doi":"10.4236/YM.2019.34025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/YM.2019.34025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the protective effects of ursolic acid (UA) on adriamycin nephropathy in mice. Methods: Totally 40 male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, low dose of UA group and high dose of UA group. One-time injection of Adriamycin (ADR) at 10.0 mg/kg via tail vein was used to establish the model. Different doses of UA were administered to the mice in treatment groups from the first day after successful modeling. After 3 consecutive weeks, 24 h urine protein was measured, and BUN, Scr and TG as well as SOD, MDA and GSH were also measured. The IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 were measured by ELISA; SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and its target protein α-SMA expression were measured by Western Blot; pathological changes of renal tissues were observed. Results: Compared with the model group, UA can significantly reduce the urine protein, BUN, Scr, TG, MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and its target protein α-SMA expression while increasing the GSH and SOD, and the difference is significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Ursolic acid can protect against renal damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines, which may be related to the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smads-related signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45135327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencing Factors and Improvement Strategy to the Quality of Nursing Work Life: A Review","authors":"Hong Hu, Hong Zhou, Fangju Mao, Jing-hui Geng, Liu Zhang, Xi Zhang","doi":"10.4236/YM.2019.34024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/YM.2019.34024","url":null,"abstract":"This review introduces the definition, influencing factors and improvement strategy to the quality of nursing work life, which can provide references for nursing managers to understand the factors affecting the quality of nursing work life and choose effective measures to improve the quality of nursing work life.","PeriodicalId":57748,"journal":{"name":"长江医药(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41991065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}