卫生研究最新文献

{"title":"[Association between gut microbiota and blood lipid profile in Chinese adults aged 18-59 years with normal body weight in 2018].","authors":"Feifei Huang, Huijun Wang, Fangxu Guan, Xiaofan Zhang, Xiaofang Jia, Shufa Du, Chang Su, Jiguo Zhang, Wenwen Du, Yifei Ouyang, Li Li, Jing Bai, Yanli Wei, Bing Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare differences in gut microbiota between dyslipidemic and normolipidemic normal-weight adults in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Normal-weight adults aged 18-59 years participating in the 2018 \"China Health and Nutrition Survey\" were enrolled. Fasting venous blood was collected to measure triglycerides(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and total cholesterol(TC). Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Differences in gut microbial α-diversity and β-diversity were compared between normolipidemic and different dyslipidemic subgroups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe) was used for dimensionality reduction, followed by logistic regression to identify differential bacterial genera.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1645 participants were included, with an average age of(44.4 ± 9.8) years. Compared to the normal TG group, the dyslipidemic TG group exhibited significantly reduced α-diversity and distinct β-diversity. No significant differences in α-diversity or β-diversity were found between normal lipidemic groups and dyslipidemic groups for TC, HDL-C or LDL-C. After adjusting for age, sex, diet quality, physical activity, and region, the [Ruminococcus]＿gnavus＿group was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemic TG(OR=1.043, 95%CI 1.011-1.077). Conversely, the genera Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, Clostridia＿UCG-014, Anaerostipes, RF39, and Fusicatenibacter were associated with a lower risk of dyslipidemic TG(OR=0.935, 95%CI 0.893-0.982; OR=0.965, 95%CI 0.937-0.994; OR=0.942, 95%CI 0.914-0.970; OR=0.931, 95%CI 0.886-0.980; OR=0.964, 95%CI 0.934-0.995; OR=0.959, 95%CI 0.925-0.996, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diversity and characteristic bacterial genera of the gut microbiota significantly differ between normal-weight Chinese individuals with hypertriglyceridemia and those with normal TG levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"715-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preliminary quantitative risk assessment of non-typhoid Salmonella in raw chicken meat sold in Beijing in 2022].","authors":"Yangbo Wu, Xia Cui, Yuzhu Liu, Penghang Zhang, Di Wang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Yibaina Wang, Yeru Wang, Xiaochen Ma","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A quantitative microbiological risk assessment was conducted for non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS)in raw chicken from retail stores to consumers in Beijing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The monitoring of microorganisms and pathogenic factors data was used to estimate the initial contamination level of NTS in the retail raw chicken. The growth model of NTS were referenced from the ComBase data base. Exposure assessment model was reference from scientific literature. Using the @ Risk 7.5 software for simulation analysis, combined with the dose-response relationship, estimate the risk of residents developing NTS disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of Salmonella infection per meal among Beijing residents due to consuming chicken and kitchen cross contamination was 6.21 cases per 100 000, with an average annual incidence of 51 955.42 cases. Sensitivity analysis shows that the initial contamination level of NTS in chicken purchased by residents, the average intake of ready to eat food per meal by residents, and refrigeration storage temperature are positively correlated, while they are negatively correlated with NTS exposure temperature and exposure time during cooking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Measures such as reducing the initial concentration of NTS in chicken, setting a reasonable refrigerator temperature, and reduce the occurrence of kitchen cross contamination can effectively reduce the risk of NTS disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"848-854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of PM_(2.5) combined with high-fat and high-sugar diet on glucose metabolism and learning memory ability in rats].","authors":"Chenyang Si, Yanan Feng, Shanhui Zhu, Fandi Jiao, Fujia Gao, Wenli Zhang, Xuan Shang, Chen Li, Shoufang Jiang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the effects of combined exposure to atmospheric PM_(2.5) and a high-fat and high-sugar diet on glucose metabolism and learning and memory abilities in rats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty-two 3-week-old SPF-grade Wistar rats, half male and half female, were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, the PM_(2.5) group, the high-fat and high-sugar group, and the high-fat and high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group, with 8 rats in each group. The control group and the PM_(2.5) group were fed with normal maintenance feed(total energy 14.23 kJ/g), while the high-fat and high-sugar group and the high-fat and high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group were fed with high-fat and high-sugar feed(total energy 19.80 kJ/g). The control group and the high-fat and high-sugar group were raised in a clean room for 24 weeks. After 16 weeks of raising, the high-fat and high-sugar group and the high-fat and high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group were exposed to PM_(2.5) using an online PM_(2.5) concentration and small animal whole-body exposure system. The PM_(2.5) exposure concentration was 8 times the real-time outdoor PM_(2.5) concentration, for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for a total of 8 weeks. The concentration during the exposure period was 177.20(48.53, 358.01) μg/m~3. The body weight of the rats was measured every 2 weeks. After 24 weeks of the experiment, the Morris water maze test was conducted to evaluate learning and memory abilities. The oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was used to calculate the area under the curve(AUC). The fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting serum insulin(FINS), and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) levels of the rats were detected. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) was calculated. The expression levels of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4) and phosphatidylinositol3-ki-nase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT) signaling pathway-related proteins in the hippocampus of the rats were detected by Western blot.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The body weight of rats increased with the duration of exposure, but there was no statistically significant difference in body weight among the four groups at the same time point(P &gt; 0.05). Compared with the control group(14.81±1.22) and the PM_(2.5) group(14.24±0.84), the AUC of the high-fat high-sugar group(16.26±0.86) and the high-fat high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group(16.44±1.99) was significantly increased, with statistical significance(P&lt;0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of FBG, FINS, HbA1c and HOMA-IR in the PM_(2.5) group, the high-fat high-sugar group and the high-fat high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group were significantly increased(P&lt;0.05). Compared with the PM_(2.5) group and the high-fat high-sugar group, the levels of FBG, FINS, HbA1c and HOMA-IR in the high-fat high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group were significantly increased(P&lt;0.05). The escape latency of the high-fat high-sugar group and the high-fat high-sugar + PM_(2.5) group wa","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"833-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Latent classes and their associated factors of sleep quality among police officers in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021].","authors":"Yifei Dou, Ying Li, Meng Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the latent classes and their associated factors of sleep quality among police officers, and to analyze the potential heterogeneity in sleep quality within this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1162 police officers were selected using cluster random sampling in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region between September and December 2021. Participants completed a basic information questionnaire and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI). Latent profile analysis(LPA) was employed to examine heterogeneity in sleep quality, and multinomial Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of the latent profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was(43.08±8.98) years. The sample comprised 920 males(79.2%) and 242 females(20.8%), 987(84.9%) were married and 175(15.1%) were single, 644(55.4%) had a high school education or below, and 518(44.6%) had college education or above. By department, 607(52.2%) worked in grassroots police stations, 200(17.2%) were criminal police, and 355(30.6%) served in other units. Significant heterogeneity in sleep quality was identified, revealing four distinct latent classes: good sleep group(n=821, 70.6%), moderate sleep group(n=46, 4.0%), sleep-disordered group(n=249, 21.4%), and medication-assisted sleep group(n=46, 4.0%). Using the good sleepers as the reference group, multinomial Logistic regression indicated that older age was a significant risk factor for belonging to the medication-assisted sleep group(OR=1.348, 95%CI 1.078-1.822). Higher education level was a protective factor against membership in the moderate sleep group(OR=4.101, 95%CI 1.304-12.893). Serving as a grassroots police station officer or criminal police officer was a significant risk factor for membership in both the moderate sleep group(OR = 3.329, 95%CI 1.338-8.284; OR=4.188, 95%CI 1.415-12.396) and sleep-disordered group(OR=1.701, 95%CI 1.196-2.420; OR=1.587, 95%CI 1.073-2.533).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep quality among police officers demonstrates significant heterogeneity. Age, police department assignment, and educational level are key associated factors of distinct latent classes of sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"805-810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Determination of 9 water-soluble vitamins in plant protein by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].","authors":"Xinglong Wang, Shaoying Liu, Yuan Yao, Shuo Zhang, Jun Yan, Like Gong, Bin Zhou","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish a method for nine water-soluble vitamins in plant proteins by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). The nine water-soluble vitamins include thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and biotin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The plant proteins were shaken with 200 mmol/L ammonium formate solution for 20 minutes, then heated in a water bath at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes and n-hexane was used to remove fats. After the treated solution passed through the membrane, it was separated by an ACQUITY~(TM) HSS T3(3.0 mm×150 mm, 1.8 μm) chromatographic column. Gradient elution was performed using 5 mmol/L ammonium formate(containing 0.1% formic acid) solution and acetonitrile(containing 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phases, and quantitative detection was carried out by the internal standard method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nine water-soluble vitamins showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.5 to 200 μg/L, with the correlation coefficients(r) all greater than 0.998. The detection limits of the method ranged from 0.12 to 2.53 μg/kg, and the quantification limits ranged from 0.41 to 8.44 μg/kg. The spiked recoveries at low, medium and high levels were between 89.6% and 117.0%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 6.78%(n=6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This method has the characteristics of being easy and quick to operate, having high sensitivity and accurate quantification, and it can effectively meet the detection requirements for water-soluble vitamins in plant proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"820-832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk assessment of important pathogens in instant foods based on swift quantitative microbiological risk assessments in Taizhou from 2015 to 2023].","authors":"Xikai Chen, Li Zhan, Danhong Qiu, Weiwei Shen, Xiang Zhang, Junyan Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand the contamination of important pathogens in instant foods, and to evaluate the risk of food contamination by various pathogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2015 to 2023, 8 kinds of instant foods were randomly collected and detected for Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus saureus, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli, and the health risk of different food-pathogen combinations was evaluated by swift quantitative microbiological risk assessments(sQMRA)and matrix method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 6 foodborne pathogens were detected in instant foods. The detection rate of L. monocytogenes in Sushi was highest(2.85%, 13/456), the detection rate of V. parahaemolyticus in raw aquatic products was highest(14.76%, 58/393), the detection rate of S. aureus in sandwich was highest(7.95%, 29/365) and instant rice and the detection rate of B. cereus in noodle products was highest(4.52%, 9/199). It was estimated that 6 foodborne pathogens infected about 219 781 cases every year, and the incidence rate was 0.033 times per person-year. Deli meats and Chinese salads contaminated with L. monocytogenes could cause higher health risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are generally health risks caused by pathogenic contamination of instant foods in Taizhou.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"842-847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The weight loss effect of the \"Five-in-One\" comprehensive intervention for obese female college students].","authors":"Xin Lu, Yi Li, Wenhao Luo, Yong Yang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the effects of the 'five-in-one&apos; comprehensive intervention program on the fat reduction and physical exercise attitudes of obese female college students.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;From March 2022 to May 2023, 46 obese female college students(body fat ratio(BFR) ≥30%) from Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College were selected as the subjects of the study. Using a random number table, the subjects were divided into a comprehensive intervention group(24 participants) and a general intervention group(22 participants). The general intervention group received three standard interventions: dietary control, high-intensity interval training, and behavioral therapy. In addition to these, the comprehensive intervention group underwent an additional two interventions: functional movement correction(including screening for functional movements, relief of physical discomfort, posture adjustment, and correction of movement patterns to reduce injuries, correct functional disorders, and enhance training experience) and breathing training(including in-body oxygen level testing, light breathing, correct breathing, and simulated high-altitude breathing exercises to reduce appetite, enhance physical fitness, and improve training experience). Both groups underwent a 12-week concentrated intervention. After the intervention, follow-up observations were conducted for one year. Physical indicators, including body oxygen level test(BOLT), functional movement screening(FMS), attitudes towards physical exercise, weight, body mass index(BMI), and BFR, were collected at the start of the study(T0), one day after the 12-week intervention(T1), and one day after the one-year observation period(T2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;At the T1 time point, compared to the general intervention group, the BOLT(22.68±5.95 vs.17.47±5.01), FMS(17.06±2.82 vs.15.08±3.31), and attitude towards physical exercise(230.69±19.73 vs.212.88±18.04) in the comprehensive intervention group were significantly higher(P&lt;0.01). Compared to the T0 time point, the BOLT(24.23±7.57 vs.15.47±4.90), FMS(16.75±2.64 vs.13.03±3.93), and attitude towards physical exercise(213.78±23.12 vs.196.56±18.82) in the comprehensive intervention group at the T2 time point showed statistically significant differences(P&lt;0.05). In contrast, the BOLT(16.62±3.97 vs.15.22±5.74), FMS(13.36±3.27 vs.13.32±3.79), and attitude towards physical exercise(201.41±15.24 vs.198.30±13.87) in the general intervention group did not show statistically significant differences between the T0 and T2 time points(P&gt; 0.05). Compared to the general intervention group, the comprehensive intervention group showed a significant decrease in weight(66.97±4.59 vs.69.95±4.13), BMI(25.90±5.12 vs.28.41±2.44), and BFR(33.43±4.4 vs.36.35±2.55) at the end of the second year(P&lt;0.01).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The \"five-in-one\" comprehensive intervention program can effec","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"790-797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vitamin D status and relevant factors of children and adolescent aged 6-17 in Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2017].","authors":"Yanling Yang, Liuping Chen, Yuan Ruan, Weiwei Su, Qingqing Wan, Zhitao Liu","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the prevalence status and related factors of Vitamin D in children and adolescent aged 6-17 years in Yunnan Province, and to provide evidence for improving the anemia status of children and teenagers in Yunnan Province.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;From 2016 to 2017, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 3189 children and adolescents aged 6-17 from 65 primary and secondary schools in 13 counties(cities, districts) of 7 cities(prefectures) in Yunnan Province.1580 boys and 1609 girls were selected by gender.1367 urban residents and 1822 rural residents were selected for face-to-face questionnaire survey and serum vitamin D measurement based on urban and rural areas. The distribution of serum vitamin D content in urban and rural areas, age, body mass index and outdoor activity time of school-aged children was analyzed. SPSS20.0 T-test, χ~2 test and multiple Logistic regression analysis were performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The mean of vitamin D in children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Yunnan Province was(21.98±8.07) ng/mL. The vitamin D level of urban boys was(23.30±10.13) ng/mL, which was higher than that of girls((21.50±8.94) ng/mL)(t=3.47, P&lt;0.01). The vitamin D level of children and adolescents aged 6-8 in urban areas was the highest((26.65±9.83) ng/mL), and the difference was statistically significant compared with other age groups except for the 15-17 age group(F=41.06, P&lt;0.01). The vitamin D levels of children and adolescents who had physical examinations in autumn, ate eggs every day, and had eaten animal blood and liver in the past month were(25.34±7.82), (22.78±9.60) and(23.66±9.24) ng/mL, respectively, which were all higher than those of other groups, and the differences were statistically significant(P&lt;0.05). The vitamin D level of rural boys was(22.85±7.31) ng/mL, which was higher than that of girls((20.10±6.34) ng/mL)(t=5.34, P&lt;0.01). The vitamin D level of children and adolescents aged 6-8 in rural areas was the highest((23.7±7.96) ng/mL), and the difference was statistically significant compared with other age groups except for the 15-17 age group(F=25.05, P&lt;0.01), but it was lower than that of the same age group in urban areas(t=4.40, P&lt;0.01). The vitamin D level was the highest when outdoor activity time exceeded 120 minutes((22.05±7.84) ng/mL), and the difference was statistically significant compared with other activity time groups(F=5.34, P&lt;0.01). The rate of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among children and adolescents aged 6-17 was 87.6%. The proportion of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency among girls in both urban and rural areas was higher than that among boys(χ~2 values of 17.48 and 35.33, P&lt;0.01), respectively. The proportion of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency among different genders in urban and rural areas was statistically significant(χ~2=50.14, P&lt;0.01). In urban and rural age groups, the prop","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"776-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dietary energy and macronutrient intake status and trends among adults in Guizhou Province from 1991 to 2018].","authors":"Hongjiang Long, Hongbo Li, Linjuan He, Yiyanwen Huang, Shengnan Wu, Yan Sun, Zhu Shi, Jiangjiang Peng, Yiya Liu","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Analyze the actual status and trend of dietary energy intake and macronutrient consumption among adult in Guizhou province from 1991 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilizes data derived from the longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted between 1991 and 2018 in of Guizhou Province. The analysis is confined to a subset of 10 187 adult participants who provided full sets of consecutive three-day, 24-hour dietary recall records across multiple survey waves. The study undertakes a meticulous examination of the subjects&apos; dietary energy intake, the quantities and proportions of macronutrients consumed, as well as the patterns of change characterizing these nutritional parameters over the course of the investigation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1991 and 2015, a downward trend was observed in the overall dietary energy intake and the consumption of macronutrients(excluding fat) among adults in Guizhou Province. The energy-providing ratio of carbohydrates exhibited a decreasing pattern, while that of fat showed an ascending trend. Conversely, the protein intake remained relatively stable over this period. In 2018, the median daily energy intake for adult residents was 1819 kcal, with corresponding median intakes of 217.9 g of carbohydrates, 77 g of fat and 56.2 g of protein. The energy-providing percentages of these macronutrients were 48.1% for carbohydrates, 39.1% for fat and 12.6% for protein. Significant gender-and age-based disparities were evident in dietary energy and macronutrient intake in 2018. Males and individuals aged between 18 to 49 years consistently demonstrated higher energy and macronutrient intake compared to their female counterparts and those aged 50 years and above. Rural areas recorded higher levels of energy and carbohydrate intake than urban regions. Moreover, individuals with an intermediate level of education had higher dietary energy, fat, and protein intake relative to those with lower or higher educational attainment. Over the course of 1991 to 2018, there was a gradual increase in the proportion of adult residents in Guizhou Province whose carbohydrate and protein energy-providing ratios fell below their average recommended needs, rising by 34% and 39.4%, respectively, from 1991 to 2018. Conversely, the percentage of individuals with a fat energy-providing ratio below 20% declined progressively, decreasing from 43.4% to 8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Since 1991, there has been a significant shift in the dietary structure among adults in Guizhou Province, characterized by increased fat intake and higher energy contribution from fats.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"763-769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association of gut microbiome and serum metabolite with dyslipidemia in Chinese adults of 4 provinces in 2018 and 2022].","authors":"Xiaofang Jia, Huijun Wang, Fangxu Guan, Xiaofan Zhang, Chang Su, Feifei Huang, Wenwen Du, Jiguo Zhang, Yifei Ouyang, Jing Bai, Yanli Wei, Li Li, Bing Zhang","doi":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the serum metabolites and gut microbiota associated with dyslipidemia in adult residents in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were derived from the 2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the 2022 China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort Survey, and adults(≥ 18 years) who participated in the two rounds of surveys and had completed serum metabolite and lipids data were selected. According to Chinese Guideline for Lipid Management(Primary Care Version 2024), subjects with at least one of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C level or low HDL-C level were identified as dyslipidemia. Participants were divided into two groups: constant normal lipids(CNL) and occurred dyslipidemia(OD). Broadly targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) analysis was performed to measure serum metabolites and orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis were used to identify different metabolites between groups. Fecal samples were collected and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed at baseline to analyze the α diversity of intestinal microbiota(Shannon and Simpson indexes), β diversity(Bray-curtis distance) and differential bacteria between groups. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1090 subjects were included during 2018-2022, of whom 226(20.7%) developed dyslipidemia at follow-up, and 864(79.3%) remained normal serum lipid levels. There were 49 differential metabolites identified between the CNL and OD groups, in which the metabolites with higher amount in the OD group was mainly lysophosphatidylcholine of glycerophospholipids. There was no significant difference in Shannon and Simpson indices between the two groups, and β diversity analysis showed that there were differences in the overall microbiota structure between the two groups. Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified eight different bacterial genera, and Veillonella, Faecalitalea, and Psychrobacter were the common differential bacteria, and the first two genera were relatively abundant in the OD group. Faecalitalea was negatively correlated with five lysophosphatidylcholine metabolites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum metabolite levels of glycerophospholipids, gut Veillonella and Faecalitalea may be related to dyslipidemia in adults in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":57744,"journal":{"name":"卫生研究","volume":"54 5","pages":"722-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}