园艺研究(英文)最新文献

{"title":"Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis unveils biosynthetic mechanisms of key bioactive isoflavonoid accumulation in <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> under different light treatments.","authors":"Zhen Wang, Panpan Wang, Xinxin Wang, Weili Liu, Jiao Xu, Weichao Ren, Xiubo Liu, Jian Wei, Wei Ma","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag192","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhag192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astragali Radix, the dried root of <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i>, is a prominent traditional Chinese medicinal material, with isoflavonoids serving as its primary bioactive components. Light serves as a pivotal environmental cue modulating isoflavonoid biosynthesis, its regulatory influence on <i>A. mongholicus</i> remains poorly understood, and the underlying biosynthetic pathways have yet to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the impacts of different light on isoflavonoid accumulation through integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Compared to white light, red and blue light treatments significantly altered the expression of 93 genes within the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, 52 of which were up-regulated. Metabolomic analysis revealed 35 differential isoflavonoid metabolites, with 23 compounds, including the primary medicinal components calycosin (CA) and formononetin (FO), showing increased accumulation. Notably, blue light exhibited a significantly stronger promoting effect on CA and FO accumulation than red light. Through integrated multi-omics analysis, we revealed the molecular network underlying this light quality-specific regulation. Correlation analysis revealed that multiple structural genes were significantly positively correlated with these key active components, among which <i>AmCHR</i>, <i>AmCHS</i>, <i>AmCHI</i>, and <i>AmIFS</i> were identified as core regulatory genes. The biochemical roles of candidate genes <i>AmCHR</i>, <i>AmCHS</i>, <i>AmCHI</i>, and <i>AmIFS</i> were validated via <i>in vitro</i> enzymatic assays. Furthermore, utilizing a newly established nonsterile hairy root transformation system, functional validation through overexpression and RNA interference experiments demonstrated that these candidate genes positively regulate the accumulation of key isoflavonoids, including CA, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, FO, and ononin. These findings were further corroborated by transient gene silencing using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. This study elucidates the regulatory network of light-induced isoflavonoid biosynthesis in <i>A. mongholicus</i> and provides essential genetic resources for the metabolic engineering and sustainable production of these medicinal compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag192"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative QTL mapping and transcriptomic profiling uncover molecular mechanisms underlying lodging resistance in <i>Brassica napus</i>.","authors":"Mingli Wu, Huaixin Li, Liyun Miao, Yutian Xia, Xinmin Liu, Xin Cheng, Jianshuo Li, Shipeng Fan, Dongqing Zhang, Xiaoling Dun, Maoteng Li","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhag201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lodging remains a significant agronomic challenge that limits the yield potential of <i>Brassica napus</i> globally, making the elucidation of its molecular basis critical for breeding new germplasm. Lignocellulose components (including lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) play an essential role in the mechanical strength of the stem, and they are regarded as the key determinants of lodging. In a doubled haploid (DH) population, 61 consensus quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the lignocellulose content in the stem were identified through QTL analysis. Integrating QTL mapping with transcriptomic data revealed 1035 candidate genes potentially involved in stem lignocellulose biosynthesis, of which 52 high-confidence candidates were selected. Among them, <i>BnaC01.MYB85</i>, <i>BnaA04.WRKY12</i>, and <i>BnaC03.ASMT</i> exhibited stem-specific expression. A stem-specific lignocellulose biosynthetic pathway characterized by the coordinated expression of these high-confidence genes was delineated. Haplotype analysis in a natural population showed that <i>BnaC03.ASMT</i> segregated into two major haplotypes, with hap01 exhibiting a significantly higher hemicellulose content (HC) than hap02. These findings provide novel insights into the genetic regulation of lodging resistance and offer a valuable foundation for breeding <i>B. napus</i> cultivars with higher stem strength and lodging tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag201"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUMOylation: an emerging field of protein modification in horticultural plants.","authors":"Chi Li, Xiaoshi Liu, Wenliang Li, Jianbin Lai","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhag194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Horticultural plants play a vital role in agricultural production and daily life. Post-translational modifications are essential for regulating various cellular processes, but the functions of SUMOylation, an increasingly significant post-translational modification, remain to be thoroughly explored in horticultural plants. In this review, we summarize the current research advancements regarding protein SUMOylation in horticultural plants and offer perspectives for future investigations. We begin by introducing the SUMOylation system in horticultural plants. Subsequently, we focus on the roles of SUMOylation in development and stress responses in horticultural plants, with association of plant hormones in these processes. Following this discussion, we outline potential techniques for detecting SUMOylation substrates in horticultural species. Finally, we present prospective directions for future research in this field. This work aims to enhance our understanding of functional implications of SUMOylation while providing novel insights into strategies for improving yield, quality, and resistance in horticultural crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag194"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-efficiency geminivirus-based vector system for rapid gene function characterization and transient overexpression in <i>Cucurbita</i> species.","authors":"Chao Geng, Yan-Di Cheng, Si-Ru Shi, Ling-Zhi Liu, Xiao Yin, Shan-Shan Jiang, Jun Jiang, Zhi-Yong Yan, Yan-Ping Tian, Xiang-Dong Li","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhag200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag200"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing tuber vitamin C improvement with trade-off side effect by fine-tuning regulation of <i>StGGPs</i>.","authors":"Bo Zhang, Wei Luo, Saihang Zhang, Yang Zhong, Wenjuan Xie, Di Hu, Xiaofeng Xue, Jinzhe Zhang, Yi Shang, Jianfei Xu, Ling Ma","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag191","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhag191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) is a globally important staple crop. Improving its nutritional quality without compromising yield-a classic manifestation of the growth-defense trade-off-remains a major challenge in modern agriculture. Traditional breeding in potato is hindered by its highly heterozygous genome and tetrasomic inheritance, making it difficult and time-consuming to introduce and fix new traits. To address this, we applied a gene-editing approach to enhance vitamin C (Vc) content in tubers by mutating the upstream open reading frames of two potato <i>GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase</i> genes. New variants, with significantly elevated Vc levels, well-balanced nutrient profiles, and maintained yield, were created. The nutritionally enriched​ tubers retained high Vc content after culinary processing and exhibited substantially increased antioxidant activity. Importantly, we also found that excessive Vc enrichment can disrupt auxin activity, leading to developmental arrest and yield penalties. Thus, our study not only provides an effective strategy for multitrait improvement in potato, but also offers broader insights into the physiological mechanisms governing the balance between yield and nutritional quality in horticultural crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag191"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near telomere-to-telomere genome assembly enables the discovery of introgressed purple-leaf gene <i>BraMYB114</i> in pak choi (<i>Brassica rapa</i> subsp. <i>chinensis</i>).","authors":"Daozong Chen, Xilin Gan, Yuanhui Song, Haidong Chen, Yi Liu, Shubei Wan, Bo Zhu, Zhanjun Lu, Qinyong Yang, Xinyi Guo, Liwei Gao, Martin A Lysak, Chen Tan","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag193","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhag193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pak choi (<i>Brassica rapa</i> subsp. <i>chinensis</i>, AA genome) is a widely cultivated leafy vegetable that comes in green and purple varieties. The enrichment of anthocyanins enhances its nutritional value, making it highly preferred by consumers. However, the genes responsible for the purple phenotype in pak choi remain mostly unknown. Here, we assembled a near-complete telomere-to-telomere genome of the 'ZBC' variety using PacBio HiFi, HiC, and Illumina sequencing technologies. The assembled genome is 420.97 Mb and contains 51 387 genes. Through genomic variation and evolutionary analysis, we identified an introgressed fragment of 854.53 kb on chromosome A03, which originates from <i>B. carinata</i>. The BSA-seq and fine-mapping of the purple trait revealed that the target region overlaps with the 854.53-kb introgressed fragment by 390 kb. Functional annotation of the 390-kb interval revealed 48 genes, including <i>BraA03G007112</i>, an <i>MYB114</i>-like transcription factor named <i>BraMYB114</i>. It positively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis by activating <i>BraDFR.A09</i> and <i>BraANS.A01</i> genes, as shown by transcriptomic, metabolomic, and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. Our research is the first to demonstrate that the <i>BrMYB114</i> gene, carried by an introgressed fragment, positively regulates anthocyanin synthesis in <i>B. rapa</i>. These findings advance our understanding of the <i>B. rapa</i> genome, introduce approaches for investigating key trait genes in introgression lines, and provide valuable targets for developing anthocyanin-rich vegetables.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag193"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating genome-wide association study and transcriptomic profiling identifies candidate genes underlying soluble solids content in melon (<i>Cucumis melo</i> L.).","authors":"Xuxu Niu, Qiong Li, Lei Cao, Yachen Liu, Junhao Qiang, Zhu Lian, Yi Xie, Qing Meng, Wenkai Yan, Panqiao Wang, Xiang Li, Wenwen Mao, Juan Hou, Lili Li, Luming Yang, Junlong Fan, Yan Guo, Zhiqiang Cheng, Chen Luo, Jianbin Hu","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhag196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soluble solids content (SSC) is a major determinant of flavor quality in melon fruit; however, the key genes regulating this trait remain poorly characterized. To elucidate the molecular basis of SSC variation, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a diverse panel of 200 melon accessions, which detected 79 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SSC. Linkage disequilibrium decay analysis annotated 86 candidate genes within the associated genomic regions. To prioritize functionally relevant candidates, we further integrated transcriptome data from two genotypes with contrasting SSC levels, 'San Ye Hua sugua' (SYH; low SSC) and 'Bai Sha Mi' (BSM; high SSC). Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 18 candidate genes that were both GWAS-associated and differentially expressed between the two genotypes. Subsequent qRT-PCR validation confirmed concordant expression patterns for 14 of these candidates. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that natural variation at these loci was significantly correlated with SSC phenotypic variation across the population. Physicochemical component analysis revealed sucrose as the major driver of SSC accumulation. Five key candidate genes (<i>MELO3C024714.2</i>, <i>MELO3C026992.2</i>, <i>MELO3C012177.2</i>, <i>MELO3C007562.2</i>, and <i>MELO3C007563.2</i>) showed differential expression within the lipid metabolism-glyoxylate cycle-gluconeogenesis pathway, implicating their synergistic involvement in energy metabolism and cellular homeostasis. In conclusion, our multiomics approach identifies a robust set of candidate genes modulating melon SSC, providing mechanistic insights into fruit flavor formation and offering valuable genetic targets for marker-assisted or genomics-informed breeding of high-quality melons.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag196"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A near telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of <i>Isatis indigotica</i> L. facilitates phylogenomic studies in tribe Brassiceae.","authors":"Xiaohan Zhang, Yu Wang, Pingan Yu, Taihua Yang, Jing Wang, Zai Yun Li, Xianhong Ge","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag162","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhag162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 9","pages":"uhag162"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>BhSUN</i> coordinates calcium signaling, microtubule organization, and hormone metabolism to drive directional fruit growth in wax gourd.","authors":"Zhikui Cheng, Liwen Su, Xialei Huang, Xianglei Chen, Wenjin Yu, Peng Wang, Zhengguo Liu","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag190","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhag190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit shape is a critical determinant of market value in wax gourd (<i>Benincasa hispida</i>), yet its genetic and mechanistic basis remains largely unknown. Here, we identify <i>BhSUN</i>, which encodes an IQ67-domain (IQD) family protein, as a major regulator of fruit shape through quantitative trait locus mapping in a recombinant inbred line population. <i>BhSUN</i> harbors two nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms that define haplotypes strongly associated with long cylindrical (<i>BhSUN</i> ^CC-TT) vs. spherical (<i>BhSUN</i> ^GG-GG) fruits. Near-isogenic line analysis, F₂ segregation, marker-assisted selection, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated knockout consistently demonstrate that loss of <i>BhSUN</i> function causes a transition from long cylindrical to spherical fruits. Histological analyses reveal that <i>BhSUN</i> controls fruit morphology by coordinating oriented cell division and cell expansion. Protein interaction assays show that BhSUN protein interacts with calcium-bound calmodulin (CaM), CaM-like proteins, and the microtubule (MT)-associated protein MAP65-1, thereby linking calcium signaling to MT organization. Concurrently, phytohormone analysis revealed changes in auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin pathways during <i>BhSUN</i>-mediated fruit shape regulation. Our findings identify <i>BhSUN</i> as a key regulator that integrates calcium signaling, MT dynamics, and hormone metabolism to direct directional fruit morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag190"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Panax</i>-derived Zingibroside R1 exerts allelopathic effects on root architecture by modulating the auxin transport pathway and oxidative stress responses.","authors":"Xinjie Yang, Yihan Ye, Weipeng Lian, Xiang Li, Jian Yang, Yonghong Zhang, Lei You, Lanlan Zheng, Yun Zhu, Jiří Friml, Eva Benková, Chen Li, Luqi Huang, Juan Liu","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhag185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhag185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The triterpenoid-rich <i>Panax</i> spp. possess notable allelopathic capabilities, yet current knowledge lacks comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying these inhibitory effects. Here, we show that zingibroside R1 (ZR1), a newly identified allelochemical from <i>Panax</i> spp., inhibits the adventitious root growth in ginseng and primary root elongation in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. Mechanistic analyses revealed that ZR1 disrupts auxin transport, as evidenced by monitoring DR5::GFP and PINs markers. The effect of ZR1 on auxin transport was further elucidated through synergistic effects observed with the auxin transport inhibitor NPA and in the auxin transport mutants <i>aux1</i> and <i>pin2</i>. Additionally, ZR1 downregulates key root development regulators, including stem cell maintenance regulators PLT1/2, WOX5, SHR, and SCR. Transcriptomic and biochemical data indicate that ZR1 triggers an ROS response in plants, which disrupts ROS scavenging-via altered peroxidase activities and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione balance-thereby impairing detoxification function and resulting in root shortening by regulation of auxin distribution and stem cell gene expression. Our results establish a mechanistic framework for understanding how ginsenosides mediate allelopathic effects on root development.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"13 10","pages":"uhag185"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}