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Black Hole Entropy from Non-dirichlet Sectors, and a Bounce Solution 非狄利克雷扇区的黑洞熵和反弹解
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00719-5
I. Y. Park
{"title":"Black Hole Entropy from Non-dirichlet Sectors, and a Bounce Solution","authors":"I. Y. Park","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00719-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00719-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The relevance of gravitational boundary degrees of freedom and their dynamics in gravity quantization and black hole information has been explored in a series of recent works. In this work we further progress by focusing keenly on the genuine gravitational boundary degrees of freedom as the origin of black hole entropy. Wald’s entropy formula is scrutinized, and the reason that Wald’s formula correctly captures the entropy of a black hole examined. Afterwards, limitations of Wald’s method are discussed; a coherent view of entropy based on boundary dynamics is presented. The discrepancy observed in the literature between holographic and Wald’s entropies is addressed. We generalize the entropy definition so as to handle a time-dependent black hole. Large gauge symmetry plays a pivotal role. Non-Dirichlet boundary conditions and gravitational analogues of Coleman-De Luccia bounce solutions are central in identifying the microstates and differentiating the origins of entropies associated with different classes of solutions. The result in the present work leads to a view that black hole entropy is entanglement entropy in a thermodynamic setup.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42947942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Time-Symmetric Soliton Dynamics à la de Broglie De Broglie的时间对称孤子动力学
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00711-z
Aurélien Drezet
{"title":"A Time-Symmetric Soliton Dynamics à la de Broglie","authors":"Aurélien Drezet","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00711-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00711-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work we develop a time-symmetric soliton theory for quantum particles inspired from works by de Broglie and Bohm. We consider explicitly a non-linear Klein–Gordon theory leading to monopolar oscillating solitons. We show that the theory is able to reproduce the main results of the pilot-wave interpretation for non interacting particles in a external electromagnetic field. In this regime, using the time symmetry of the theory, we are also able to explain quantum entanglement between several solitons and we reproduce the famous pilot-wave nonlocality associated with the de Broglie-Bohm theory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
New Insights on the Quantum-Classical Division in Light of Collapse Models 从坍缩模型看量子经典除法的新见解
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00716-8
Fernanda Torres, Sujoy K. Modak, Alfredo Aranda
{"title":"New Insights on the Quantum-Classical Division in Light of Collapse Models","authors":"Fernanda Torres,&nbsp;Sujoy K. Modak,&nbsp;Alfredo Aranda","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00716-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00716-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We argue, in light of Collapse Model interpretation of quantum theory, that the fundamental division between the quantum and classical behaviors might be analogous to the division of thermodynamic phases. A specific relationship between the collapse parameter <span>((lambda ))</span> and the collapse length scale (<span>(r_C)</span>) plays the role of the coexistence curve in usual thermodynamic phase diagrams. We further claim that our functional relationship between <span>(lambda)</span> and <span>(r_C)</span> is strongly supported by the existing International Germanium Experiment (IGEX) collaboration data. This result is preceded by a brief discussion of quantum measurement theory and the Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber (GRW) model applied to the free wavepacket dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42712078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classical Electromagnetic Interaction of a Charge with a Solenoid or Toroid 电荷与螺线管或环面的经典电磁相互作用
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00712-y
Timothy H. Boyer
{"title":"Classical Electromagnetic Interaction of a Charge with a Solenoid or Toroid","authors":"Timothy H. Boyer","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00712-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00712-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Aharonov–Bohm phase shift in a particle interference pattern when electrons pass a long solenoid is identical in form with the optical interference pattern shift when a piece of retarding glass is introduced into one path of a two-beam optical interference pattern. The particle interference-pattern deflection is a relativistic effect of order <span>(1/c^{2})</span>, though this <i>relativity</i> aspect is rarely mentioned in the literature. Here we give a thorough analysis of the classical electromagnetic aspects of the interaction between a solenoid or toroid and a charged particle. We point out the magnetic Lorentz force which the solenoid or toroid experiences due to a passing charge. Although analysis in the rest frame of the solenoid or toroid will involve back Faraday fields on the charge, the analysis in the inertial frame in which the charge is initially at rest involves forces due to only <i>electric</i> fields where forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The classical analysis is made using the Darwin Lagrangian. We point out that the classical analysis suggests an angular deflection independent of Planck’s constant <span>(hbar )</span>, where the deflection magnitude is identical with that given by the traditional quantum analysis, but where the deflection direction is unambiguous.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42314925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
On the Continuum Fallacy: Is Temperature a Continuous Function? 关于连续性谬误：温度是连续函数吗？
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00713-x
Aditya Jha, Douglas Campbell, Clemency Montelle, Phillip L. Wilson
{"title":"On the Continuum Fallacy: Is Temperature a Continuous Function?","authors":"Aditya Jha,&nbsp;Douglas Campbell,&nbsp;Clemency Montelle,&nbsp;Phillip L. Wilson","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00713-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00713-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is often argued that the indispensability of continuum models comes from their empirical adequacy despite their decoupling from the microscopic details of the modelled physical system. There is thus a commonly held misconception that temperature varying across a region of space or time can always be accurately represented as a continuous function. We discuss three inter-related cases of temperature modelling — in phase transitions, thermal boundary resistance and slip flows — and show that the continuum view is fallacious on the ground that the microscopic details of a physical system are not necessarily decoupled from continuum models. We show how temperature discontinuities are present in both data (experiments and simulations) and phenomena (theory and models) and how discontinuum models of temperature variation may have greater empirical adequacy and explanatory power. The conclusions of our paper are: a) continuum idealisations are not indispensable to modelling physical phenomena and both continuous and discontinuous representations of phenomena work depending on the context; b) temperature is not necessarily a continuously defined function in our best scientific representations of the world; and c) that its continuity, where applicable, is a contingent matter. We also raise a question as to whether discontinuous representations should be considered truly de-idealised descriptions of physical phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10701-023-00713-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41753614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relational Space-Time and de Broglie Waves 关系时空与德布罗意波
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00715-9
Tony Lyons
{"title":"Relational Space-Time and de Broglie Waves","authors":"Tony Lyons","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00715-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00715-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Relative motion of particles is examined in the context of relational space-time. It is shown that de Broglie waves may be derived as a representation of the coordinate maps between the rest-frames of these particles. Energy and momentum are not absolute characteristics of these particles, they are understood as parameters of the coordinate maps between their rest-frames. It is also demonstrated the position of a particle is not an absolute, it is contingent on the frame of reference used to observe the particle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Objective Collapse Induced by a Macroscopic Object 由宏观物体引起的客观塌陷
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00709-7
Arnab Acharya, Pratik Jeware, Soumitro Banerjee
{"title":"Objective Collapse Induced by a Macroscopic Object","authors":"Arnab Acharya,&nbsp;Pratik Jeware,&nbsp;Soumitro Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00709-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00709-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The collapse of the wavefunction is arguably the least understood process in quantum mechanics. A plethora of ideas—macro-micro divide, many worlds and even consciousness—have been put forth to resolve the issue. Contrary to the standard Copenhagen interpretation, objective collapse models modify the Schrödinger equation with nonlinear and stochastic terms in order to explain the collapse of the wavefunction. In this paper we propose a collapse model in which a particle’s wavefunction has a possibility of collapsing when it interacts with macroscopic objects, without the intervention of a conscious observer. We propose four possible conditions of collapse of the wavefunction and make testable predictions which differ from standard quantum mechanics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4722103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution via Projection 投射进化
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00706-w
Mahendra Joshi
{"title":"Evolution via Projection","authors":"Mahendra Joshi","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00706-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00706-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The conditional probability interpretation of quantum gravity has been criticized for violating the constraints of the theory and also not giving the correct expression for the propagator. We have shown that following Page’s proposal of constructing an appropriate projector for the stationary state of a closed system, we can arrive at the correct expression for the propagator by using conditional probability rule. Also, it is shown that a unitary evolution of states of a subsystem at local level may be a consequence of non-unitary projection of appropriate states at global level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4681563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pointers for Quantum Measurement Theory 量子测量理论的指针
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00707-9
Jay Lawrence
{"title":"Pointers for Quantum Measurement Theory","authors":"Jay Lawrence","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00707-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00707-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the iconic measurements of atomic spin-1/2 or photon polarization, one employs two separate noninteracting detectors. Each detector is binary, registering the presence or absence of the atom or the photon. For measurements on a <i>d</i>-state particle, we recast the standard von Neumann measurement formalism by replacing the familiar pointer variable with an array of such detectors, one for each of the <i>d</i> possible outcomes. We show that the unitary dynamics of the pre-measurement process restricts the detector outputs to the subspace of single outcomes, so that the pointer emerges from the apparatus. We propose a physical extension of this apparatus which replaces each detector with an ancilla qubit coupled to a readout device. This explicitly separates the pointer into distinct quantum and (effectively) classical parts, and delays the quantum to classical transition. As a result, one not only recovers the collapse scenario of an ordinary apparatus, but one can also observe a superposition of the quantum pointer states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4624596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eliminating Electron Self-repulsion 消除电子的自排斥
IF 1.5 3区 物理与天体物理
Foundations of Physics Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-023-00702-0
Charles T. Sebens
{"title":"Eliminating Electron Self-repulsion","authors":"Charles T. Sebens","doi":"10.1007/s10701-023-00702-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10701-023-00702-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Problems of self-interaction arise in both classical and quantum field theories. To understand how such problems are to be addressed in a quantum theory of the Dirac and electromagnetic fields (quantum electrodynamics), we can start by analyzing a classical theory of these fields. In such a classical field theory, the electron has a spread-out distribution of charge that avoids some of the problems of self-interaction facing point charge models. However, there remains the problem that the electron will experience self-repulsion. This self-repulsion cannot be eliminated within classical field theory without also losing Coulomb interactions between distinct particles. But, electron self-repulsion can be eliminated from quantum electrodynamics in the Coulomb gauge by fully normal-ordering the Coulomb term in the Hamiltonian. After normal-ordering, the Coulomb term contains pieces describing attraction and repulsion between distinct particles and also pieces describing particle creation and annihilation, but no pieces describing self-repulsion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":569,"journal":{"name":"Foundations of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4168056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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