Cancer Biomarkers最新文献

{"title":"A simplified MyProstateScore2.0 for high-grade prostate cancer.","authors":"Tiffany M Tang, Yuping Zhang, Ana M Kenney, Cassie Xie, Lanbo Xiao, Javed Siddiqui, Sudhir Srivastava, Martin G Sanda, John T Wei, Ziding Feng, Jeffrey J Tosoian, Yingye Zheng, Arul M Chinnaiyan, Bin Yu","doi":"10.1177/18758592241308755","DOIUrl":"10.1177/18758592241308755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The limited diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer (PCa) has prompted innovative solutions, such as the state-of-the-art 18-gene urine test for clinically-significant PCa (MyProstateScore2.0 (MPS2)). <b>Objective:</b> We aim to develop a non-invasive biomarker test, the simplified MPS2 (sMPS2), which achieves similar state-of-the-art accuracy as MPS2 for predicting high-grade PCa but requires substantially fewer genes than the 18-gene MPS2 to improve its accessibility for routine clinical care. <b>Methods:</b> We grounded the development of sMPS2 in the Predictability, Computability, and Stability (PCS) framework for veridical data science. Under this framework, we stress-tested the development of sMPS2 across various data preprocessing and modeling choices and developed a stability-driven PCS ranking procedure for selecting the most predictive and robust genes for use in sMPS2. <b>Results:</b> The final sMPS2 model consisted of 7 genes and achieved a 0.784 AUROC (95% confidence interval, 0.742-0.825) for predicting high-grade PCa on a blinded external validation cohort. This is only 2.3% lower than the 18-gene MPS2, which is similar in magnitude to the 1-2% in uncertainty induced by different data preprocessing choices. <b>Conclusions:</b> The 7-gene sMPS2 provides a unique opportunity to expand the reach and adoption of non-invasive PCa screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"42 1","pages":"18758592241308755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curating retrospective multimodal and longitudinal data for community cohorts at risk for lung cancer.","authors":"Thomas Z Li, Kaiwen Xu, Neil C Chada, Heidi Chen, Michael Knight, Sanja Antic, Kim L Sandler, Fabien Maldonado, Bennett A Landman, Thomas A Lasko","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230340","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLarge community cohorts are useful for lung cancer research, allowing for the analysis of risk factors and development of predictive models.ObjectiveA robust methodology for (1) identifying lung cancer and pulmonary nodules diagnoses as well as (2) associating multimodal longitudinal data with these events from electronic health record (EHRs) is needed to optimally curate cohorts at scale.MethodsIn this study, we leveraged (1) SNOMED concepts to develop ICD-based decision rules for building a cohort that captured lung cancer and pulmonary nodules and (2) clinical knowledge to define time windows for collecting longitudinal imaging and clinical concepts. We curated three cohorts with clinical data and repeated imaging for subjects with pulmonary nodules from our Vanderbilt University Medical Center.ResultsOur approach achieved an estimated sensitivity 0.930 (95% CI: [0.879, 0.969]), specificity of 0.996 (95% CI: [0.989, 1.00]), positive predictive value of 0.979 (95% CI: [0.959, 1.000]), and negative predictive value of 0.987 (95% CI: [0.976, 0.994]) for distinguishing lung cancer from subjects with SPNs.ConclusionsThis work represents a general strategy for high-throughput curation of multi-modal longitudinal cohorts at risk for lung cancer from routinely collected EHRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"CBM230340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel disulfidptosis-related prognostic gene signature and experimental validation identify <i>ACTN4</i> as a novel therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Kai Xie, Bin Wang, Pei Pang, Guangbin Li, Qianqian Yang, Chen Fang, Wei Jiang, Yu Feng, Haitao Ma","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230276","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent form of malignancy globally. Disulfidptosis is novel programmed cell death pathway based on disulfide proteins, may have a positive impact on the development of LUAD treatment strategies.OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) on the prognosis of LUAD, developed a risk model to facilitate the diagnosis and prognostication of patients. We also explored <i>ACTN4</i> (DRGs) as a new therapeutic biomarker for LUAD.METHODSWe investigated the expression patterns of DRGs in both LUAD and noncancerous tissues. To assess the prognostic value of the DRGs, we developed risk models through univariate Cox analysis and lasso regression. The expression and function of <i>ACTN4</i> was evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and <i>in vitro</i> experiments. The TIMER examined the association between <i>ACTN4</i> expression and immune infiltration in LUAD.RESULTSTen differentially expressed DRGs were identified. And <i>ACTN4</i> was identified as potential risk factors through univariate Cox regression analysis (<i>P</i> <  0.05). <i>ACTN4</i> expression and riskscore were used to construct a risk model to predict overall survival in LUAD, and high-risk demonstrated a significantly higher mortality rate compared to the low-risk cohort. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assays indicated <i>ACTN4</i> was upregulated in LUAD, and the upregulation was associated with clinicopathologic features. <i>In vitro</i> experiments showed the knockdown of <i>ACTN4</i> expression inhibited the proliferation in LUAD cells. The TIMER analysis demonstrated a correlation between the expression of <i>ACTN4</i> and the infiltration of diverse immune cells. Elevated <i>ACTN4</i> expression was associated with a reduction in memory B cell count. Additionally, the <i>ACTN4</i> expression was associated with m6A modification genes.CONCLUSIONSOur study introduced a prognostic model based on DRGs, which could forecast the prognosis of patients with LUAD. The biomarker <i>ACTN4</i> exhibits promise for the diagnosis and management of LUAD, given its correlation with tumor immune infiltration and m6A modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"CBM230276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum CA19-9 as a predictor of incident metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged and older men: A 9-year cohort study.","authors":"Chun-Wei Yu, Li-Wei Wu, Je-Ming Hu, Pi-Kai Chang","doi":"10.1177/18758592241296282","DOIUrl":"10.1177/18758592241296282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe status of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum CA19-9 levels and incident metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged and older men.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2015, 1,750 participants were retrospectively reviewed. Health checkup data were obtained, and participants were divided into three groups based on CA19-9 levels. Various parameters including BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters were measured. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between CA19-9 levels and incident MetS. The MetS diagnostic criteria were based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines.ResultsThe highest CA19-9 tertile was associated with an increased risk of incident MetS, high systolic blood pressure, high waist circumference, high fasting plasma glucose, low high-density lipoprotein, and high triglyceride levels. The observation period was 9 years, during which 328 (18.7%) new-onset MetS cases were identified. Subgroup analysis showed increased risk among individuals in the highest CA19-9 tertile who were obese, male, and ≥ 50 years old.ConclusionsThere is a positive correlation between serum CA19-9 levels and incident metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged and older men.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"42 1","pages":"18758592241296282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinical spectrum of resectable lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary component (MPC) concurrently presenting as mixed ground-glass opacity nodules.","authors":"Ziwen Zhu, Weizhen Jiang, Danhong Zhou, Weidong Zhu, Cheng Chen","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230104","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIn clinical practice, preoperative identification of mixed ground-glass opacity (mGGO) nodules with micropapillary component (MPC) to facilitate the implementation of individualized therapeutic strategies and avoid unnecessary surgery is increasingly importantObjectiveThis study aimed to build a predictive model based on clinical and radiological variables for the early identification of MPC in lung adenocarcinoma presenting as mGGO nodules.MethodsThe enrolled 741 lung adenocarcinoma patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort (3:1 ratio). The pathological specimens and preoperative images of malignant mGGO nodules from the study subjects were retrospectively reviewed. Furthermore, in the training cohort, selected clinical and radiological variables were utilized to construct a predictive model for MPC prediction.ResultsThe MPC was found in 228 (43.3%) patients in the training cohort and 72 (41.1%) patients in the validation cohort. Based on the predictive nomogram, the air bronchogram was defined as the most dominant independent risk factor for MPC of mGGO nodules, followed by the maximum computed tomography (CT) value (<math><mo>></mo></math> 200), adjacent to pleura, gender (male), and vacuolar sign. The nomogram demonstrated good discriminative ability with a C-index of 0.783 (95%[CI] 0.744-0.822) in the training cohort and a C-index of 0.799 (95%[CI] 0.732-0.866) in the validation cohort Additionally, by using the bootstrapping method, this predictive model calculated a corrected AUC of 0.774 (95% CI: 0.770-0.779) in the training cohort.ConclusionsThis study proposed a predictive model for preoperative identification of MPC in known lung adenocarcinomas presenting as mGGO nodules to facilitate individualized therapy. This nomogram model needs to be further externally validated by subsequent multicenter studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"CBM230104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary adenocarcinoma of low malignant potential defines indolent NSCLC associated with overdiagnosis in the national lung screening trial.","authors":"Eric J Burks, Travis B Sullivan, Kimberly M Rieger-Christ","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230452","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe national lung screening trial (NLST) demonstrated a reduction in lung cancer mortality with lowdose CT (LDCT) compared to chest x-ray (CXR) screening. Overdiagnosis was high (79%) among bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC) currently replaced by adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and adenocarcinoma of low malignant potential (LMP) exhibiting 100% disease specific survival (DSS).ObjectiveCompare the outcomes and proportions of BAC, AIS, MIA, and LMP among NLST screendetected stage IA NSCLC with overdiagnosis rate.MethodsWhole slide images were reviewed by a thoracic pathologist from 174 of 409 NLST screen-detected stage IA LUAD. Overdiagnosis rates were calculated from follow-up cancer incidence rates.ResultsMost BAC were reclassified as AIS/MIA/LMP (20/35 = 57%). The 7-year DSS was 100% for AIS/MIA/LMP and 94% for BAC. Excluding AIS/MIA/LMP, BAC behaved similarly to NSCLC (7-year DSS: 86% vs. 83%, <i>P</i> =  0.85) The overdiagnosis rate of LDCT stage IA NSCLC was 16.6% at 11.3-years, matching the proportion of AIS/MIA/LMP (16.2%) but not AIS/MIA (3.5%) or BAC (22.8%).ConclusionsAIS/MIA/LMP proportionally matches the overdiagnosis rate among stage IA NSCLC in the NLST, exhibiting 100% 7-year DSS. Biomarkers designed to recognize AIS/MIA/LMP preoperatively, would be useful to prevent overtreatment of indolent screen-detected cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"CBM230452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis-related model for breast cancer prognosis.","authors":"Penglu Yang, Xiong Jiao","doi":"10.1177/18758592241296278","DOIUrl":"10.1177/18758592241296278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundBreast cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality, which seriously endangers the health of women around the world. Biomarker-based exploration will be effective for better diagnosis, prediction and targeted therapy.ObjectiveTo construct biomarker models related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in breast cancer.MethodsThe gene expression of 932 breast cancer patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed by Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) using glycolysis and gluconeogenesis-related pathways. Differential expression genes were searched for by the T-test. Univariate Cox proportional hazards model (COX) regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and Multivariate COX regression were used to find clinically significant genes for prognostic survival. After that, the constructed gene signature was externally validated through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Finally, a nomogram was constructed to predict the survival of patients. In addition, analyzing the role of biomarkers in pan-cancer.ResultsA risk scoring model associated with glycolysis and gluconeogenesis was developed and validated. A nomogram was created to predict 2-, 3-, and 5- survival.ConclusionsThe predictive model accurately predicted the prognosis of breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"41 3-4","pages":"18758592241296278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L1CAM is not prognostic factor in HPV-associated adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.","authors":"Jaroslav Klát, Martina Romanová, Vladimír Židlík, Ondřej Šimetka, Adela Kondé","doi":"10.3233/CBM-240101","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-240101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy. The significant prognostic factors are tumor size and lympho-vascular space invasion. Considering that these are nonspecific factors, research has been aimed at finding a specific molecular marker related to a higher incidence of relapse and mortality in patients with CC.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study investigated the prognostic value of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) expression in rare histological subtypes of cervical cancer (adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous cell carcinomas).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-institution retrospective study with 35 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous cell carcinoma in 2007 through 2017. Paraffin sections of the tumor were used for L1CAM analysis by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>L1CAM expression was positive in 15 (42.8%) of the 35 tumors. L1CAM expression did not differ significantly in regard to the stage of disease, tumor size, grading, or lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (<i>p</i> = 0.619, <i>p</i> = 0.341, <i>p</i> = 0.445, <i>p</i> = 0.999). Progression-free interval and overall survival did not differ between L1CAM-positive and L1CAM-negative groups (<i>p</i> = 0.704, <i>p</i> = 0.386, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study, L1CAM expression is not a negative prognostic factor associated with aggressive tumor behavior, recurrence risk and overall survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"41 3","pages":"CBM240101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer identifies novel prognostic signature and potential therapeutic drugs.","authors":"Weijie Fu, Yunhan Gao, Zhenhai Chen, Song Hu","doi":"10.3233/CBM-240110","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-240110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The tumor microenvironment (TME) is increasingly recognized as a key player in colorectal cancer biology, however, its potential for improving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment remains unclear. The major aim of this study is to explore the prognostic value of TME related gene in colorectal cancer. <b>Method:</b> Expression matrices and clinical data of colorectal cancer obtained from public databases were divided into TME relevant clusters according to immune characterization. A 11-gene molecular classifier was constructed based on differentially expressed genes between TME clusters and machine learning regression processes. <b>Results:</b> The efficacy and effectiveness of TME based prognostic signature (TPS) were examined in both the training and validation groups. The result indicated that TPS was able to serve as a superior prognosis indicator for colorectal cancer, alone or jointly with other clinical factors. Also, the study demonstrated that high risk colorectal cancer defined by TPS was considered to link with elevated immune infiltration, increased tumor mutation, and worse overall prognosis. Finally, potential therapeutic agents specialized for different risk subgroups of TPS was also identified to improve personalized treatment for colorectal cancer in the future. <b>Conclusions:</b> TPS might be a novel tool to improve the prognosis judgement and personalized treatment of the colorectal cancer in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"41 3","pages":"CBM240110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic utility of lipocalin 2 and metalloproteinase 9 levels in early-stage endometrial cancer.","authors":"Songül Ünüvar, Rauf Melekoğlu, Hande Yüce, Nesibe Zeyveli Çelik, Ezgi Bulut Okumuş, Serhat Toprak, Kevser Tanbek, Şeyma Yaşar, Ayşegül Doğan, Neşe Başak Türkmen, Ercan Yılmaz, Süleyman Sandal","doi":"10.1177/18758592241290951","DOIUrl":"10.1177/18758592241290951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common gynecologic malignancy among women. Histopathologic examination is considered gold-standard for diagnosis of EC. However, these examinations sometimes not be useful in distinguishing early stage types of EC.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), and ferritin in tumor progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 98 patients (55 women newly diagnosed with early-stage endometrial cancer [study group] and 43 women with benign endometrial pathologies [control group]) were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference between diagnosis (p < 0.001), surgical procedure (p < 0.001), pathology (p = 0.002), stage (p < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p = 0.002), myometrial invasion (p < 0.001), and staining intensity (p < 0.001), MMP9 (p = 0.023), LCN2 (p < 0.001), glucocorticoid (GC) (p = 0.048), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (p = 0.044), menopause duration (p = 0.001), body weight (p < 0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) were found to be higher, and ferritin levels (p = 0.047) were lower in the endometrial adenocarcinoma group compared to the benign endometrial pathologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LCN2, MMP9, and ferritin are practical markers in early cases of endometrial cancer. Serum LCN2 and MMP9 levels may be good clinical tools for the auxiliary diagnosis of early-stage endometrial cancer. Ferritin was also significantly sensitive. Therefore, detecting these markers together may be more beneficial for cancer diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"41 3","pages":"18758592241290951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}