Plants-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Mechanisms of Chinese Hickory Resistance to Dry Rot Disease by <i>Botryosphaeria dothidea</i>: A Comprehensive Analysis from Gene Expression to Non-Coding RNAs.","authors":"Yingshan Chen, Yuke Zhou, Jiahui Chen, Haoming Cai, Ruifeng Yang, Da Zhang, Youjun Huang","doi":"10.3390/plants14050793","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chinese hickory (<i>Carya cathayensis</i>) is an important tree species for agriculture, but dry rot disease, caused by <i>Botryosphaeria dothidea</i>, threatens its viability. To study the interactions between the tree and the pathogen, transcriptomic sequencing was conducted on infected and healthy tissues from field-grown hickory. Differential gene expression analysis identified key defense pathways and genes activated during infection. The study also explored the roles of non-coding RNAs, such as lncRNAs and circRNAs, in the tree's defense. The results showed that during the early and mid stages of infection, the tree defends itself through mechanisms like enhanced lignin synthesis and increased peroxidase activity. Non-coding RNAs contribute to disease resistance by reinforcing the cell wall, increasing oxidase activity, and promoting the synthesis of antibiotic-related secondary metabolites. Additionally, gene expression patterns at these stages differ significantly from those at the late stage of infection, when most disease resistance pathways are suppressed, and genes like <i>PR1</i> and <i>WRKY2</i> show a decline. These findings offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of Chinese hickory dry rot disease and potential strategies for improving resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of AI-Supported Autonomous Irrigation Systems on Water Efficiency and Plant Quality: A Case Study of <i>Geranium psilostemon</i> Ledeb.","authors":"Gülcay Ercan Oğuztürk, Caner Murat, Meryem Yurtseven, Türker Oğuztürk","doi":"10.3390/plants14050770","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the effects of an AI-supported irrigation system on the production of natural plant species and irrigation efficiency at Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University. To enhance water resource efficiency while utilizing Turkey's rich plant diversity, <i>Geranium psilostemon</i> Ledeb. (Black-Eyed Crane's-Bill) was selected for cultivation. The research includes adaptation trials and growth monitoring of this perennial taxon, which naturally grows at an altitude of 2000 m. The experiments were conducted in two different environments: one utilizing an AI-supported irrigation system and the other relying on manual irrigation. The findings reveal that AI-supported irrigation systems optimize irrigation strategies, providing a more efficient and effective plant cultivation process compared to manual irrigation. The AI-supported irrigation system continuously monitors air and soil moisture levels, ensuring optimal irrigation conditions and instant adaptation to seasonal variations. This innovative approach minimizes water losses while preventing soil salinization, thereby offering a significant solution for sustainable agricultural practices. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that natural plant species can be effectively cultivated using AI-supported irrigation systems and that these systems hold great potential for water conservation and ecological balance. These findings present a crucial step toward developing effective solutions for global water challenges and promoting sustainable landscape and agricultural practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Piplartine from <i>Piper purusanum</i> Yunck (Piperaceae) and Evaluation of Its Toxicity Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Linnaeus, 1762, <i>Anopheles darlingi</i> Root, 1926 (Culicidae), and Non-Target Animals.","authors":"André Correa de Oliveira, Felipe Moura Araujo da Silva, Ingrity Suelen de Sá, Brenda Reis Coelho Leocadio, Suelen Costa Lima, Maria Luiza Lima da Costa, Rosemary Aparecida Roque, Rita de Cássia Saraiva Nunomura","doi":"10.3390/plants14050774","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Anopheles darlingi</i> are the primary vectors of dengue and malaria in Brazil. Natural products are currently regarded as promising alternatives for their control, offering environmentally friendly solutions for larval management due to their low toxicity to non-target organisms. Thus, Piplartine, isolated for the first time from <i>Piper purusanum</i>, exhibited larvicidal activity against <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>An. darlingi</i> (LC₅₀ of 14.56 and 26.44 μg/mL), occasioned by the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (66.67 ± 7% and 86.33 ± 6%). Furthermore, piplartine enhanced the activity of key detoxifying enzymes, including catalase (87.00 ± 9 and 94.67 ± 9 μmol of H₂O₂ consumed per minute per mg of protein), glutathione S-transferase (76.00 ± 1 and 134.00 ± 1 μmol/min/mg), mixed-function oxidase (26.67 ± 5 and 55.00 ± 1 nmol cti mg⁻¹ protein), α-esterase, and β-esterase (27.67 ± 7 to 46.33 ± 1 nmol cti mg⁻¹ protein). In contrast, piplartine inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity (43.33 ± 7 and 48.00 ± 2 μmol/min/mg) compared to the negative control DMSO (87.33 ± 1 and 146.30 ± 3 μmol/min/mg). It is important to highlight that piplartine showed no lethal effects on non-target aquatic insects, with 100% survival observed at a concentration of 264.4 μg/mL. In contrast, α-cypermethrin demonstrated acute and rapid toxicity to non-target organisms, with only 9.1% survival. These findings highlight piplartine as a promising larvicide with selective toxicity and low environmental impact, suitable for integrated larval management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Water Stress of Eight Novel and Widely Spread Citrus Rootstocks.","authors":"Giulia Modica, Fabio Arcidiacono, Ivana Puglisi, Andrea Baglieri, Stefano La Malfa, Alessandra Gentile, Vicent Arbona, Alberto Continella","doi":"10.3390/plants14050773","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought is a problematic abiotic stress affecting citrus crops in the Mediterranean basin and the rootstock plays a fundamental role in adopting adaptive mechanisms in response to water deficit. The aim of this study is to evaluate the response of eight rootstocks under three treatments imposed: control (100% of reference evapotranspiration, Et₀), 66% Et₀ and 50% Et₀. The rootstock genotypes studied were C35 citrange, Bitters, Carpenter and Furr which have been recently spread and so far, little investigated, while others have been widely used especially in the Mediterranean citrus industry, i.e., <i>Citrus macrophylla</i>, <i>C. volkameriana</i>, Swingle citrumelo and Carrizo citrange. Morphological analyses, leaf chlorophyll content determination, physiological measurement, proline accumulation, malondialdehyde determination and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured. The results exhibited that Bitters and Furr showed an increment in leaf area to reduce the effects of drought conditions. A decrement in gas exchanges and xylem water potential was noticed in Carrizo and C35 citrange at both water shortage treatments. Carrizo exhibited a significant increase in malondialdehyde at both stresses (90.3 and 103.3%, for 66 and 50% Et₀). Bitters and Furr performed better than the other rootstocks with regard to enzymatic and hormonal assays. Specifically, Bitters showed a significant reduction in CAT (-68.6%), SOD (-82.5%) and APX (-36.7%). Furthermore, Bitters and Furr were closely related to morphological parameters, e.g., leaf area and root length, and physiological measurements. <i>C. volkameriana</i> showed a decrease in xylem water potential, while overall Carrizo and C35 citranges showed a susceptible response to water stress reducing morphological and physiological measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of Spontaneously Mutated Male Sterility Gene in Chinese Cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>).","authors":"Qian Xu, Xiaochun Wei, Yanyan Zhao, Jianqi Feng, Peiyun Wang, Cong Ding, Wenjing Zhang, Henan Su, Weiwei Chen, Fang Wei, Yuxiang Yuan, Xiaowei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/plants14050779","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chinese cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>), an important traditional vegetable indigenous to China, is a typical cross-pollinated Brassica crop exhibiting pronounced heterosis. However, its small flower organs make artificial pollination for hybrid seed production highly challenging. The use of male-sterile lines has emerged as a crucial approach in hybrid seed production. Therefore, understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying male sterility in Chinese cabbage holds profound theoretical and economic importance and is pivotal for advancing Chinese cabbage crossbreeding. Here, cytological comparative analysis of anthers from sterile line 366-2S and fertile line 366-2F revealed abnormalities in 366-2S during the late tetrad stage, including delayed tapetum degradation and the aggregation of tetrad microspores without separation, which prevented pollen production and caused male sterility. Construction of the F₂ segregating population, with 366-2S as the female parent and genetically diverse fertile material Y636-9 as the male parent, indicated that male sterility in 366-2S is controlled by a single recessive gene. Using bulked segregant analysis sequencing and kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) technology, the sterile gene was mapped to 65 kb between the PA11 and PA13 markers, with 11 genes in the candidate region. Functional annotation, expression, and sequence variation analyses identified <i>BraA09g012710.3C</i>, encoding acyl-CoA synthetase 5, as a candidate gene for 366-2S male sterility. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed minimal expression of <i>BraA09g012710.3C</i> in 366-2S but high expression in the flower buds of 366-2F. Further analysis of candidate gene DNA sequences identified a large deletion encompassing <i>BraA09g012710.3C</i>, <i>BraA09g012720.3C</i>, <i>BraA09g012730.3C</i>, and <i>BraA09g012740.3C</i> in sterile line 366-2S (A09: 7452347-7479709). Cloning and verification of the other three deleted genes in the F₂ population via agarose gel electrophoresis confirmed their presence in F₂ sterile individuals, indicating that their deletion was not associated with male sterility, underscoring <i>BraA09g012710.3C</i> as the key gene driving male sterility in 366-2S.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Orphan Genes Within Coriander.","authors":"Meidi Zhang, Mo Zhu, Hong Lang, Weiming Wang, Xiaonan Li, Mingliang Jiang","doi":"10.3390/plants14050778","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orphan genes (<i>OGs</i>) are genes that have no significant sequence similarity with known genes from other species or lineages. Identifying and characterizing <i>OGs</i> have become more feasible with the increasing availability of plant transcriptomes and genome sequences. <i>OGs</i> play important roles in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses, contributing to biological functions and lineage-specific traits. This study aimed to identify and characterize <i>OGs</i> in <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> (coriander) using the BLAST method. A total of 941 <i>C. sativum OGs</i> (<i>CsOGs</i>), 1298 Apiaceae-specific genes (<i>ASGs</i>), and 38,508 evolutionarily conserved genes (<i>ECGs</i>) were identified through comparative genomics. Genic feature analyses revealed that <i>CsOGs</i> and <i>ASGs</i>, although part of different gene sets, had shorter gene lengths, a lower proportion of multi-exon genes, and higher GC content than <i>ECGs</i>. <i>OGs</i> were distributed across all 11 chromosomes, with the highest proportion of <i>CsOGs</i> and <i>ASGs</i> found on chromosome A11. RNA-Seq analysis revealed 71 <i>CsOGs</i> uniquely expressed in four different tissues, 61 <i>CsOGs</i> specifically expressed across three growth stages, and five <i>CsOGs</i> with specific expression patterns in different tissues and growth stages. Notably, as determined via qRT-PCR analysis, these five <i>CsOGs</i> presented general or specific expression patterns under normal conditions, but their expression significantly increased after exposure to cold stress, suggesting that they may play a critical role in cold stress response. This study comprehensively identified, characterized, and analyzed the expression of <i>OGs</i> within coriander, which provides a foundation for further research on the functions of coriander <i>OGs</i> in influencing species-specific trait formation and stress response.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Study, Cytotoxicity, and Genotoxicity of the Methanolic Extract of <i>Geranium diffusum</i> Kunth.","authors":"Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides, Tatiana Añazco-Loayza, Anabel Correa-Sinche, Andrea Alvarez-Ruiz, Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz, Rodrigo Duarte-Casar, Natalia Bailon-Moscoso","doi":"10.3390/plants14050777","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Geranium diffusum</i> Kunth is a medicinal plant native to Ecuadorian highlands with limited scientific study despite its ethnopharmacological relevance. The present study investigates the phytochemical properties and cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract of <i>G. diffusum</i>. Comprehensive analyses revealed a rich composition of bioactive compounds, predominantly flavonoids and rutin, isoquercetin, and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, known for their therapeutic potential, were isolated. The extract and its solvent fractions were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three cell lines: RKO, SW613-B3, and HCT-116. Notably, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ value of 44.47 ± 1.02 μg/mL against the SW613-B3 cell line, indicating its significant anticancer activity. The dichloromethane fraction also demonstrated noteworthy effects on the RKO and HCT-116 lines, while the methanolic fraction exhibited higher viability in HCT-116 cells. No genotoxicity was found in CHO-K1 cells. These findings underscore the potential of <i>Geranium diffusum</i> as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for developing therapeutic agents against cancer and highlight the need for further research into its pharmacokinetics, in vivo efficacy, and the synergistic effects of its flavonoid constituents. This study contributes to enhancing our understanding of underexplored medicinal plants and supports conservation efforts for Ecuadorian biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Potential of Plant-Derived Diarylheptanoids and Their Derivatives in Bio-Based Polyurethane Compositions.","authors":"Matiss Pals, Jevgenija Ponomarenko, Maris Lauberts, Lilija Jashina, Vilhelmine Jurkjane, Alexandr Arshanitsa","doi":"10.3390/plants14050775","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The key challenge in polymer science is developing sustainable synthesis methods using renewable feedstocks. This study explores plant-derived diarylheptanoids with various structures as the building blocks for polyurethane (PU) materials. Diarylheptanoid glucosides isolated from black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i>) bark were hydrolyzed and fractionated to remove sugar moieties. The resulting diarylheptanoids, along with unhydrolyzed analogues and curcumin, were used as biomass-based polyols to synthesize model PU films. Incorporating diarylheptanoids enhanced the mechanical strength and reduced the flexibility of PU due to increased crosslinking, with effects proportional to the OH functionality of the biomass-based polyols. Weight loss, FTIR, and Py-GC-MS/FID analyses revealed that the catechol moieties and the glucosidic bonds are biodegradable structural subunits of diarylheptanoids incorporated into PU films. Rigid polyurethane foams (PURs) incorporating high-OH-functionality diarylheptanoid glucosides such as oregonin demonstrated significantly higher compression strength and less weight loss during non-isothermal thermal analysis in air compared to those of commercial polyol-based foams. A cone calorimeter test showed that the PUR foam with diarylheptanoid derivatives had a lower degradation rate, a longer flame-burning time, 30% less heat emission, and 25% less smoke, indicating improved flame retardancy. Adding 1-2% oregonin-enriched black alder bark extracts to commercial Elastopir 1132/509/0 PUR foam significantly improved its resistance to thermal oxidative aging, outperforming the commercial antioxidant Irganox.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling a Meaningful Form of <i>Cypripedium</i> × <i>ventricosum</i> Sw. (Cypripedioideae, Orchidaceae) from Changbai Mountain, China: Insights from Morphological, Molecular, and Plastome Analyses.","authors":"Ying Li, Xi Lu, Shuang Li, Yue Sun, Yuze Shan, Shizhuo Wang, Nan Jiang, Yiting Xiao, Qi Wang, Jiahui Yu, Qingtao Cao, Sulei Wu, Lifei Chen, Xinzhu Dai","doi":"10.3390/plants14050772","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A <i>Cypripedium</i> plant was discovered in Wangqing County, Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province. This newly discovered plant of <i>Cypripedium</i> not only inhabits the same natural habitat as <i>Cypripedium calceolus</i> L. and <i>Cypripedium</i> × <i>ventricosum</i> Sw. but also has a morphology intermediate between that of <i>C. calceolus</i> and <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>. Its dorsal sepals, petals, and synsepal are similar to those of <i>C. calceolus</i>, while the color of its lip is intermediate between that of <i>C. calceolus</i> and <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>. For the purpose of distinguishing the newly discovered plant of <i>Cypripedium</i> from other <i>Cypripedium</i> plants, we provisionally named it W1. To further verify the taxonomic status of W1, we introduced three identified forms of <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i> and conducted molecular biology analyses with W1, <i>C. calceolus</i>, and <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>. The analyses further confirmed the relationship between W1 and <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>, and the phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear region demonstrated a close relationship between W1 and <i>C. calceolus</i>. Collectively, the morphological and molecular evidence indicates that W1 is a product of the backcross between <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i> and <i>C. calceolus</i>. Although it shows morphological differences from typical <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>, it can still be considered a form of <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>. We further investigated the chloroplast genome of this form of <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i> and determined that its total genome length was 196,850 bp. The genome contains 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. By analyzing the phylogenetic position and chloroplast genome of the form of <i>C.</i> × <i>ventricosum</i>, this study clarified the relationships among <i>Cypripedium</i> taxa with similar morphological characteristics, laying a foundation for research on orchid evolution and species conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity Analysis and Core Germplasm Collection Construction of Tartary Buckwheat Based on SSR Markers.","authors":"Yuanzhi Cheng, Jing Zhang, Ziyang Liu, Bin Ran, Jiao Deng, Juan Huang, Liwei Zhu, Taoxiong Shi, Hongyou Li, Qingfu Chen","doi":"10.3390/plants14050771","DOIUrl":"10.3390/plants14050771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tartary buckwheat is an important medicinal and edible crop known for its significant health benefits to humans. While numerous Tartary buckwheat germplasm resources have been collected in China, the genetic diversity and core germplasm resources remain largely unclear. The aim of this work was to analyze the genetic variability and construct a core germplasm collection of Tartary buckwheat. Fifteen highly polymorphic SSR markers were used to investigate 659 Tartary buckwheat accessions. A total of 142 alleles were marked, with an average of 9.47 alleles per locus. Genetic variability analysis revealed that these collected accessions exhibit high genetic diversity and can be classified into seven subgroups. Among wild, landrace, and improved accessions, the wild accession showed the highest genetic diversity, while no significant genetic variation was observed between the landrace and improved accessions. Based on genetic diversity and population structure analyses, a core germplasm collection containing 165 accessions (47 wild, 92 landrace, and 26 improved) was constructed, ensuring high genetic diversity and good representation. This study not only highlighted the genetic differences among Tartary buckwheat accessions, but also provided insights into the population structure and the development of a core germplasm collection. It provided important references for the conservation of genetic diversity and the genetic improvement of Tartary buckwheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":56267,"journal":{"name":"Plants-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}