Journal of Volcanology and Seismology最新文献

{"title":"First Historical Eruption of Krasheninnikov Volcano (Eastern Kamchatka): Field Observations and Composition of Lavas Erupted in August‒September 2025","authors":"N. V. Gorbach,&nbsp;A. Yu. Ozerov,&nbsp;A. N. Rogozin,&nbsp;M. L. Tolstykh,&nbsp;G. N. Ovsyannikov","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700678","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>On August 3, 2025, a few days after a major <i>M</i>_w 8.8 earthquake struck southern Kamchatka, the first historically documented eruption of Krasheninnikov volcano began in the central part of the Eastern Kamchatkan Volcanic Front. During August and September 2025, we carried out three weeks of field observations of the ongoing activity. The eruption was dominated by lava effusion from three vents aligned along a submeridional fissure zone in the summit area of the Northern Cone and was accompanied only by moderate explosive activity. Based on field observations, we identified and characterized the extent and volumes of four distinct lava flows. Drone-based imagery and video allowed determination of the vent locations feeding each flow. By the end of September, the total area of lava flows was estimated at ∼2.5 km², with an eruptive volume of minimum 0.025 km³. Analyses of 11 samples of lava and volcanic bombs erupted during the first two months show that the products are moderate-K dacites (SiO₂ = 64.9–65.7 wt %; K₂O = 1.9–2.0 wt %) belonging to a high-Fe tholeiitic series.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2024 Activity of Kamchatka and Kurile Volcanoes and Their Danger to Aviation","authors":"O. A. Girina,&nbsp;A. G. Manevich,&nbsp;D. V. Melnikov,&nbsp;I. M. Romanova,&nbsp;A. A. Nuzhdaev,&nbsp;E. A. Loupian,&nbsp;A. A. Sorokin,&nbsp;L. S. Kramareva,&nbsp;S. P. Korolev,&nbsp;Yu. V. Demyanchuk","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700599","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700599","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2024, explosive eruptions of the Sheveluch, Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny, and Karymsky volcanoes occurred at Kamchatka, and the Ebeko volcano at the Northern Kurile Islands. On April 26, 2024, a new lava dome, named after the 300 years of the Russian Academy of Sciences began to grow in the area of the Karan old dome on the Stary Sheveluch volcano western slope. Powerful explosive eruptions that destroyed the new dome were observed on August 17–18, September 1–2, and November 7–10, 2024: eruptive columns rose up to 11 km above sea level, ash plumes extended for 2400 km mainly to the northeast and east of the volcano. The summit explosive eruption of the Klyuchevskoy volcano lasted from December 27, 2023 to January 2, 2024: explosions send ash up to 7 km above sea level and ash plumes extended for 230 km to the northwest of the volcano. The paroxysmal explosive eruption of Bezymianny volcano occurred on July 24, 2024: the eruptive cloud rose up to 12 km above sea level, the eruptive and coignimbrite clouds moved, respectively, to the northeast and northwest up to 2500 km from the volcano. The Bezymianny eruption forecast, which was published on the KVERT website, was realized 39 h 40 min later. Explosive activity of the Karymsky volcano was observed from June 20 to November 12, 2024: explosions raised ash up to 6 km above sea level and ash clouds moved for 665 km, mainly to the east and northeast of the volcano. In 2024, 287 explosive events occurred on the Ebeko volcano with ash removal up to 4.5 km above sea level. During the explosive eruptions, the Sheveluch and Bezymianny volcanoes were dangerous for international and local air travel and the Klyuchevskoy, Karymsky, and Ebeko volcanoes were dangerous for local air travel.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S36 - S43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphological Changes and Assessment of the Diffuse CO2 Flux in the Area of the Nizhne-Shchapinsky Thermal Springs (Central Kamchatka)","authors":"D. V. Melnikov,&nbsp;E. G. Kalacheva,&nbsp;E. V. Voloshina,&nbsp;D. Yu. Erdnieva","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700411","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Measurements of the diffusion flow of CO₂ soil gas in the area of the Nizhne-Shchapinsky thermal springs (Central Kamchatka) have been carried out for the first time. The measured flux was about 7 ± 1.3 t/day from an area of 22 000 m². A retrospective analysis of historical literature data and satellite images has shown that highly dynamic riverbed processes are taking place in the area of the Nizhne-Shchapinsky springs. The river banks are subject to significant morphological changes. Based on this, it can be concluded that the springs on this island are not new previously unknown formations, but modified ones that existed on the right-bank thermal site and were described in 1908. The chemical composition of the Nizhne-Shchapinsky thermal springs showed that there are two groundwater horizons: a deeper one of Na–Cl composition and a near-surface one of Mg–Ca–HCO₃ composition, which are the sources of water supply for the thermal waters. The most likely way to form these waters is to mix about 10% of the deep sodium-chloride component with water from a relatively shallow reservoir, which is based on carbonate rocks, including magnesite, under conditions of intense saturation of groundwater with carbon dioxide.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S208 - S219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Behavior of Trace Elements in Ultra-Acid Sulfate-Chloride Thermal Volcanic Waters of the Kuril Islands","authors":"E. G. Kalacheva","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700459","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700459","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The hydrothermal systems of the Kuril Islands with horizons of ultra-acid waters of SO₄‒Cl or Cl‒SO₄ composition are associated with active volcanoes characterized by complex structures and phreatic/phreato-magmatic activity. Depending on the filtration and discharge conditions, three groups of ASC waters are distinguished, each of which is characterized by a specific set of trace elements, the distribution of transfer (enrichment) coefficients, and the behavior of rare earth elements. The classical-type waters are enriched with volatile elements (B, As, Se, Te, Cd, Pb, Ge, Tl). High-charge, large-ion lithophile, and rare-earth elements have enrichment coefficients close to unity in these waters, which corresponds to their complete transition from rock to solution. Diluted waters are characterized by low (less than unity) enrichment coefficients of most elements due to the deposition of minerals along the water filtration pathway, and their REE distribution is characterized by the simultaneous depletion in light and heavy elements with an insignificant Eu minimum. Mixed waters are maximally enriched in volatile (B, Zn, Se, Cd and As, Te) and rare alkali elements (Li, Rb, Cs), and are depleted in light REE.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S169 - S183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric Monitoring of the Avachinsky Volcano to Ensure the Safety of Densely Populated Areas of Kamchatka","authors":"A. Yu. Ozerov,&nbsp;Ya. A. Bakhmatova,&nbsp;D. V. Melnikov,&nbsp;I. A. Nuzhdaev,&nbsp;V. I. Frolov","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700551","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700551","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Avachinsky volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) is an active andesite volcano that poses a significant threat to nearby settlements. There is a high probability of it erupting in the near future. A project to create a pilot volcanological research ground for monitoring the state of the volcano and forecasting eruption scenarios is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S72 - S74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geophysical Studies of the Source Structure of the Verkhne-Koshelevskaya Thermal Anomaly (Koshelevskii Volcanic Massif, Southern Kamchatka)","authors":"Yu. Yu. Bukatov,&nbsp;S. O. Feofilaktov,&nbsp;I. A. Nuzhdaev","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700460","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700460","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gravity and magnetic fields studies have been conducted in the area of the Verkhne-Koshelevskaya thermal anomaly. Maps of the Bouguer gravity anomalies Δ<i>g</i> and anomalous magnetic field Δ<i>T</i>_a are obtained. Probable two-dimensional (2D) grid models of the source structure of the thermal anomaly down to a depth of 500 m are constructed and described. The structure creating the thermal field is characterized by the presence of areas with different density and magnetic characteristics, and the structure of the field is heterogeneous. It was established that the most active and high-temperature segment, Tartarary, at the upper reaches of the Vostochnyi Creek has low density (up to 1.9–2.0 g/cm³) and magnetization (–0.5 A/m). This segment is likely confined to a permeable zone of tectonic faults.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S161 - S168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apatite as an Indicator of the Pauzhetka Hydrothermal-Magmatic Systems Fluid Regime (South Kamchatka)","authors":"E. I. Sandimirova,&nbsp;S. N. Rychagov,&nbsp;T. M. Filosofova","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700393","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The morphology and chemical composition of apatite from argillized rocks of the Vostochno-Pauzhetsky thermal field have been studied. Igneous and hydrothermal apatites are isolated. Igneous apatite I is enriched with calcium, fluorine and chlorine. Hydrothermal apatite II is less calcic in comparison, contains more manganese and iron, and very little chlorine. The differences in the composition of apatites reflect a change in the Pauzhetskaya fluid system, from magmatic to modern hydrothermal.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S227 - S234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Structural Features and Development of the Marine Accumulative Terrace in Avachinsky Gulf near the Prilivnaya River (Kamchatka)","authors":"F. I. Batanov,&nbsp;O. V. Bergal-Kuvikas,&nbsp;A. L. Khomchanovsky,&nbsp;S. E. Borisovskiy,&nbsp;D. R. Lukashenko","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700502","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700502","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structure of a marine accumulative terrace has been studied and the stages of its Holocene development have been reconstructed. The approximate age of the beach ridges and their average rates of accumulation (progradation) in the Prilivnaya River valley have been determined. The tephrochronological scale for the study area has been refined: tephra layers were identified and correlated within the peat-pyroclastic cover. In addition to regional marker horizons (KSht₃, OP, and KS₁), layers associated with eruptions of Avachinsky Volcano were identified based on chemical analysis. The oldest tephra layer is approximately 5400 years old. Geological evidence of an ancient strong subduction earthquake was discovered, manifested as a buried erosional scarp no older than 1400 years. Mathematical models of the morpholithodynamics of the Avachinsky Gulf coast were developed. The modern sedimentation parameters of the coastal zone were established. The proximity to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the area’s popularity, and the presence of a tsunami hazard zone underscore the relevance of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S118 - S126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Chemical Pollution of the City of Severo-Kurilsk and the Coastal Zone of the Northwestern Part of Paramushir Island (Northern Kuril Islands)","authors":"A. V. Klimova,&nbsp;N. A. Il’yushenko,&nbsp;D. O. Martynenko,&nbsp;L. A. Pozolotina,&nbsp;M. A. Sokolov,&nbsp;V. G. Avdoshchenko,&nbsp;A. V. Sergeeva","doi":"10.1134/S0742046325700368","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0742046325700368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents data on the contents of metals (Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd) in ash, soils, higher plants, and marine brown algae of the northeastern part of Paramushir Island, which were collected in June 2024. The analysis revealed excesses of maximum permissible concentrations of heavy metals in soils for the gross forms Zn, Cu, and Cd, for the mobile forms Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd, in vegetation, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Cd, and in algae, Cd. A comprehensive ecological and geochemical assessment of the state of the soil and vegetation cover of the city and the coastal zone of the island revealed their pollution from low to extremely high levels. At the same time, the average value of the total pollution indicator (<i>Z</i>_<i>c</i>) for city soils was 14.4; it was 15.8 for higher plants and 4.8 for brown algae. Considering the small area of Severo-Kurilsk, the population that has not exceeded 3000 people in the last 20 years, and the weak economic and industrial activity, it should be assumed that at present a significant contribution to the chemical pollution of the studied territories is made by natural sources of heavy metals entering the components of the environment. In the areas affected by the ashfalls of the eruptions of the Ebeko volcano, increased concentrations of some elements in the soil and vegetation cover are recorded.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S256 - S268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The H2O Contents in Melts Involved in the Formation of the Karymshina Caldera (Southern Kamchatka)","authors":"A. N. Rogozin,&nbsp;S. Z. Smirnov","doi":"10.1134/S074204632570054X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S074204632570054X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the key aspects of the evolution of powerful explosive eruptions is the study of the nature, composition, and water content of magma during the preparation of caldera-forming events. Water is the predominant volatile component of magmas. In felsic melts saturated with fluid, characteristic of large explosive eruptions, its concentration reaches 4‒6 wt % at 800‒900°C and a pressure of 1‒2 kbar, while the CO₂ content does not exceed 0.1% by weight. The Karymshina caldera (Southern Kamchatka), which formed in the early Eopleistocene (∼1.78 Ma), is associated with the eruption of ∼825 km³ of igneous material, including thick ignimbrites (up to 1000 m) and subsequent rhyolitic extrusions. However, data on the behavior of volatile components in magma before eruption remains poorly understood. In this work, melt inclusions (MIs) in quartz from intracaldera ignimbrites and postcaldera extrusions were studied in order to estimate the water content and reconstruct the composition of the initial melt. Despite postentrapment changes (quartz crystallization on the walls of the inclusion, postentrapment overheating and decrepitation), a significant part of the inclusions retained dissolved water (2.9‒5.8 wt % H₂O). The absence of correlation between water loss and decompression suggests that the maximum estimates are close to the initial concentrations. At the same time, ignimbrite quartz contains practically no water, which is probably due to its loss during an explosive eruption due to sudden changes in temperature and pressure. The obtained values of the H₂O content in MIs in the quartz of the Karymshina caldera are in good agreement with the compositions of MIs in quartz from the pumice of powerful Plinian eruptions accompanied by the formation of calderas, which confirms their reliability for reconstructing the conditions in the magmatic reservoir. The results of this study are important for understanding the role of volatile components in the formation of the Karymshina caldera and similar large explosive eruptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Seismology","volume":"19 1","pages":"S75 - S93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}