{"title":"RFI Mapped by Spaceborne GNSS-R Data","authors":"Clara Chew, T. Maximillian Roberts,, Steve Lowe","doi":"10.33012/navi.618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.618","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> Radio frequency interference (RFI) in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) frequencies can endanger human life and safety by preventing the use of these signals for navigation and positioning, in addition to degrading measurements for science applications. Here, we use data from the Cyclone GNSS (CYGNSS) constellation to map GNSS RFI from 2017 to 2022, identify the location of several potential sources of RFI, and quantify the duration of transmission. Although our method of RFI detection can only provide a rough approximation of transmitter positions, it is possible that advanced data processing techniques could better pinpoint their locations, once guided by these observations. We find that, since the launch of CYGNSS, GNSS jammers have proliferated across the world and are often associated with the beginnings of geopolitical unrest. Our results agree well with previous studies that have also used satellite observations to map ground-based RFI transmission.","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. R. van der Merwe, Iñigo Cortés, F. Garzia, A. Rügamer, W. Felber
{"title":"Multi-Parameter Adaptive Notch Filter (MPANF) for Enhanced Interference Mitigation","authors":"J. R. van der Merwe, Iñigo Cortés, F. Garzia, A. Rügamer, W. Felber","doi":"10.33012/navi.570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.570","url":null,"abstract":"Interference signals degrade global navigation satellite system (GNSS) per - formance and must be mitigated. Chirp signals can be mitigated with an adaptive notch filter (ANF), but the dynamic behavior limits performance. An ANF determines the instantaneous frequency and removes interference with a notch filter. However, there are several limitations. In this article, we propose a multi-parameter adaptive notch filter (MPANF) approach that sig - nificantly enhances conventional ANFs. First, it uses an loop-bandwidth control algorithm (LBCA) to alter the loop bandwidth of an frequency-locked loop (FLL)-based adaptation algorithm to facilitate superior tracking agility-to-precision trade-off. Second, it dynamically adjusts the notch depth to switch on interference mitigation or pass the signal through. Third, it modifies the notch width to accommodate tracking stability and optimize interference signal suppression to GNSS signal removal. The presented MPANF exhibits superior performance against chirp signals, including faster response to jump discontinuities.","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88415328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconstructing GNSS Meta-Signal Observations Using Sideband Measurements","authors":"D. Borio, C. Gioia","doi":"10.33012/navi.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78962640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SBAS Protection Levels with Gauss-Markov K-Factors for Any Integrity Target","authors":"Julie Antic, Odile Maliet, S. Trilles","doi":"10.33012/navi.594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82275957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiale Wang, Fu Zheng, Yong Hu, Dong Zhang, Chuan-fang Shi
{"title":"Instantaneous Sub-meter Level Precise Point Positioning of Low-Cost Smartphones","authors":"Jiale Wang, Fu Zheng, Yong Hu, Dong Zhang, Chuan-fang Shi","doi":"10.33012/navi.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.597","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of inexpensive g lobal n avigation s atellite s ystem (GNSS) chips that facilitate the performance of carrier phase measurements has provided hardware that can be used as the foundation for implementing precise point positioning (PPP) of low-cost smartphones. However, because of the atmospheric delays and high measurement noise associated with low-quality patch antennae, the convergence time of smartphone PPP can increase from minutes to even hours. By establishing the Satellite-based Ionospheric Model (SIM) and Real-time Tropospheric Grid Point (RTGP) models, we aim to achieve instantaneous sub-meter level positioning for smartphone PPP. In both kinematic and static experiments, Xiaomi Mi8 and Huawei P40 smartphone signals can converge to sub-meter accuracy in the horizontal direction within one to six seconds when adopting multi-constellation and dual-frequency PPP solutions augmented by precise atmospheric corrections. The atmospheric augmentation PPP method effectively improves the convergence speed and positioning accuracy compared to what can be achieved using the conventional PPP algorithm, thereby satisfying smartphone users’ demand for rapid and high-accuracy positioning.","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78654849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Baseband MLE for Snapshot GNSS Receiver Using Super-Long-Coherent Correlation in a Fractional Fourier Domain","authors":"Yiran Luo, L. Hsu, N. El-Sheimy","doi":"10.33012/navi.588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.588","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85533826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case Study Analysis for Designing a Lunar Navigation Satellite System with Time Transfer from the Earth GPS","authors":"Sriramya Bhamidipati, T. Mina, G. Gao","doi":"10.33012/navi.599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.599","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest in designing a future lunar navigation satellite sys - tem (LNSS) while utilizing a SmallSat platform. However, many design deci - sions, e.g., regarding the satellite clock and lunar orbit, are yet to be finalized. In our prior work, we developed an LNSS architecture that leverages intermit - tently available Earth-GPS signals to compute timing corrections, thereby alle - viating the need for a higher-grade onboard clock. In this work, we formulate twenty case studies with different grades of clocks and lunar orbits to analyze the trade-offs in designing a SmallSat-based LNSS with time transfer from the Earth GPS. For each case study, the accuracy of ranging signals is assessed via the lunar user equivalent range error (UERE). Even with lower-grade clocks, the lunar UERE exhibits performance comparable to that of the Earth GPS. Furthermore, variations in the lunar UERE are also examined when the avail - able Earth-GPS measurements are processed at different rates.","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80045712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinsil Lee, Minchan Kim, D. Min, Sam Pullen,, Jiyun Lee
{"title":"Navigation Safety Assurance of a KF-Based GNSS/IMU System: Protection Levels Against IMU Failure","authors":"Jinsil Lee, Minchan Kim, D. Min, Sam Pullen,, Jiyun Lee","doi":"10.33012/navi.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.612","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a navigation integrity and continuity algorithm against an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor fault within a Kalman filter (KF) that ensures a high level of safety for IMU-integrated safety-critical navigation applications. A representative example of an IMU integrated navigation system is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)/IMU system. Most previous stud - ies have focused on GNSS faults when evaluating the integrity and continuity of a KF-based GNSS/IMU navigation system, leaving the IMU fault hypothe - sis unaddressed. Unlike GNSS, which is applied in the measurement update step within the KF, IMU measurements are applied in the state prediction step, which results in different fault propagation characteristics in the user state error compared with those in GNSS. This paper analytically derives the sequen - tial IMU fault impacts on user state errors. Based on this investigation, a KF innovation-based fault detector and protection-level equations are developed, which can safely bound user state errors against sequential IMU fault impacts","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73054228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Multipath Mitigation Technique Using Multi-Correlator Structures","authors":"Christian Siebert, A. Konovaltsev, M. Meurer","doi":"10.33012/navi.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74351714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-layered Multi-Constellation Global Navigation Satellite System Interference Mitigation","authors":"C. Gioia, D. Borio","doi":"10.33012/navi.596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/navi.596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56075,"journal":{"name":"Navigation-Journal of the Institute of Navigation","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90651857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}