Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Elemental trends and weathering indices to assess volcanic ash deposition on soil weathering status along Maui climosequences","authors":"Ryan C. Hodges ,&nbsp;Janis L. Boettinger ,&nbsp;Jonathan L. Deenik","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The western slopes of Haleakalā, Maui, are greatly affected by an orographic climate effect, creating a massive precipitation gradient and rain shadow with significant impact on pedogenic weathering and differentiation of soil formed in basalt. However, the presence of volcanic vents along East Maui's northwest rift have created irregularity in the deposition of volcanic ash across the landscape, making it difficult to determine a soil's relative age and degree of ash influence on its development. The objectives of this study were to 1) characterize and classify the basalt substrate of pedons sampled across a wide climatic gradient; 2) determine how elemental composition and soil chemical properties vary with precipitation and elevation; 3) identify pedogenic thresholds of western Haleakalā climosequences; and 4) determine if elemental trends and weathering indices can distinguish pedons and soil horizons that have been influenced by volcanic ash. We sampled 16 soils across elevational and precipitation gradients formed in Kula Volcanics on northwest-facing slopes &lt;5 %. Soils were sampled and described to 1-m depth. Total elemental analysis was determined on rock samples and soil horizons by x-ray fluorescence, and various soil physical and chemical properties were measured in the laboratory. We calculated a total of 22 weathering indices across coastal and elevational climosequences. Soil pedon rock samples were alkalic basalt and predominantly classified as tephrite basanite with four samples classifying as foidite. We identified pedogenic thresholds for SiO₂/TiO₂ at 500 mm and 1300 mm mean annual precipitation (MAP) for the coastal climosequence, showing that although the pedon in Kahului (AIR) had lower MAP than the two pedons in Paia (CEM, PAIA), it is more weathered. Crystalline Fe (CD-AO) was variable in pedons below 1500 mm MAP, increased sharply with increased MAP, then decreased in pedons OL and HAI-E likely due to the reduction and loss of iron. Crystalline Fe (CD-AO) was generally higher at lower elevation pedons likely due to the relatively older age of lowland soils. Values of SiO₂/TiO₂ generally decreased with soil depth, but whole pedon values of SiO₂/TiO₂ were highly variable with increasing precipitation due to the influence of volcanic ash before also dropping substantially in high rainfall pedons. Soil SiO₂/TiO₂ and MnO/TiO₂ normalized to the pedon rock fragments may be viable indicators for distinguishing ash-rejuvenated soil pedons and genetic horizons from those that are not.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural terraces in Puebla, Mexico: An ethnopedological approach","authors":"Javier Leonardo Toxqui-Roldán ,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Ortiz-Solorio ,&nbsp;Ma del Carmen Gutiérrez-Castorena ,&nbsp;Atenógenes Leobardo Licona-Vargas","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrace systems have been instrumental in the evolution of agriculture across various cultural contexts. This technology offers several benefits, including soil and water conservation, improved soil fertility, enhanced agricultural management, and increased crop yields. Several studies have been conducted on agricultural terraces in Mesoamerica. Nevertheless, there has been a lack of research on anthropogenic soils and ethnopedological studies in Mexico. This study aimed to ascertain the local soil knowledge and describe the ancestral terrace systems within a popoloca community in southern Puebla, Mexico. An ethnopedological survey was conducted on a 10,366 ha area to determine the land types and terrace systems present. Surface terraced soil samples were collected, and nine soil profiles within runoff terraces were described. The objectives were as follows: 1) to characterize and describe terrace systems in Santiago Acatepec, 2) to understand the indigenous land classification system and 3) to study the relation and impact of terraces systems on soil formation and WRB classification. The results indicate two types of terraces (hillside and runoff terraces), covering 2578 ha of land. Farmers recognize eight distinct land classes, with unique characteristics and agricultural uses. The land classes encompass both anthropogenic and natural soils. These land classes are classified as Terric Anthrosols, Eutric Regosols, Eutric Leptosols, and Pellic Vertisols. These results show farmers' detailed knowledge about their soils and the advantages and limitations of terraces. The modern and ancient terraces were classified according to seven diverse types of embankments or walls. The traditional embankment, designated as “cuaxustles,” is associated with runoff terraces and is known to have a lifespan exceeding one hundred years. Following the construction of a terrace, the land in question can be cultivated for agricultural purposes after a period of two years. The traditional knowledge of the soil has enabled the farmers of Acatepec to establish new agricultural areas, select crops that are well-suited to the soil conditions and climate of the region, and implement long-term modifications to the landscape. The findings indicate that it is feasible to implement environmental modifications that prioritize soil conservation and enhancement on a significant scale while also considering economic factors and the time frame involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How magnetism-based fractional spinels contribute to the bioavailability of geogenic chromium in serpentine soils of Taiwan","authors":"Chia-Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Wei-Hao Lee ,&nbsp;Shan-Li Wang ,&nbsp;Zeng-Yei Hseu","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serpentine soils are highly rich in geogenic chromium (Cr), typically associated with spinel minerals. The high resistance of these minerals to weathering has raised concerns regarding their contribution to Cr bioavailability in serpentine soils. This study collected soil horizon samples from two pedons (Entisol and Ultisol) in eastern Taiwan and applied a two-step magnetic separation method to divide the bulk soils into strongly magnetic (SM), weakly magnetic (WM), and nonmagnetic (NM) fractions. The basic characteristics of the bulk soils were examined. To characterize the mineralogy and geochemistry of the fractions and determine their quantitative contribution of bioavailable Cr in serpentine soils, we analyzed their mineral composition, magnetic properties, and elemental composition and valence by using various spectrometric techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, as well as vibrating sample magnetometry. The results indicated the main Cr-bearing minerals were magnetite and chromite in the SM and WM fractions, with minor occurrences in layer silicates, such as serpentine and chlorite, in the NM fraction. The total Cr content decreased in the following order: SM &gt; WM &gt; NM. The SM fraction had the lowest weight proportion, and this proportion was lower for the Ultisol than the Entisol. This observation indicated that the weathering of Cr spinels is associated with the substantial cation substitution of Al, Ca, Mn, and Ni for Fe and Cr in broken mineral grains and increases in the Fe(III) and Cr(VI) concentrations in magnetite. The SM fraction, mainly consists of magnetite and chromite, exhibited the highest concentration of bioavailable Cr extracted by 0.1 M HCl. However, the Cr-bearing layer silicates represented the largest potential pool of bioavailable Cr in the bulk soils because the weight proportion of the NM fraction was higher than those of the other fractions and increased during pedogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined inorganic and organic fertilizers improved soil microbial biomass and nitrogen dynamics in Upper Eastern region of Kenya","authors":"Erick O. Otieno ,&nbsp;Florence K. Lenga ,&nbsp;David M. Mburu ,&nbsp;Milka N. Kiboi ,&nbsp;Andreas Fliessbach ,&nbsp;Felix K. Ngetich","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microbial biomass elements and mineralization processes are essential in replenishing soil nutrients. Yet, the effect of fertilization on the microbes is still not well-defined. This study aimed to determine the effect of integrated soil fertility inputs (inorganic and organic) on microbial biomass, carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), phosphorus (MBP), nitrogen (N) mineralization, and N use efficiency in a field experiment. The treatments were: control (no fertility input), sole inorganic fertilizer, and different combinations of inorganic and organic inputs in a randomized block design. The results showed that Conventional tillage + maize residue + goat manure + <em>Dolichos lablab</em> intercrop (CT4); minimum tillage + maize residue + <em>Tithonia diversifolia</em> + goat manure (MT5); and minimum tillage + maize residue + goat manure + <em>Dolichos lablab</em> (MT4) intercrop increased microbial C, N, and P by 78 %, 48 %, and 41 %, respectively compared to control (CT0). Compared to CT0, N mineralization significantly varied (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) among the treatments at planting and on the 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th days after planting during the 2020 short rains season. It also differed significantly (<em>p</em> = 0.0018, 0.0028, &lt; 0.0001, and 0.0028,) on the 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th, and 105th days, respectively, relative to CT0 after planting during the 2021 long rains season. The CT4 had 5.11 and 52.80 kg N ha⁻¹ higher apparent nitrogen recovery and partial factor productivity N, respectively. Similarly, MT4 greatly enhanced N apparent recovery efficiency by 57.5 % relative to CT0. Integrating fertility inputs improved soil biological fertility and mineralized N. Therefore, technologies that integrate organic inputs, either solely or with inorganic fertilizers, should be harnessed and promoted as medium and long-term technologies to advance soil biological fertility, and mineral N and N use efficiency in smallholder farmers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001160/pdfft?md5=3341093979cf9741a12d4572af6034ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001160-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate quantification of soil organic matter content using VNIR-SWIR spectra: The role of straw and spectrally active materials","authors":"Chao Tan ,&nbsp;Haijun Luan ,&nbsp;Qiuhua He ,&nbsp;Shuchen Yu ,&nbsp;Meiduan Zheng ,&nbsp;Lanhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic matter (SOM) is crucial for carbon sequestration and sustainable agriculture, yet traditional quantification methods are challenging to apply at large scales. Hyperspectral technology combined with machine-learning offers promising prospects for rapid quantification. This study explores the impact of using VNIR-SWIR spectra on SOM quantification in regions characterized by distinctive soil properties and agricultural activity. Specifically, we propose an innovative approach using 105 soil samples from Yueyang City, China, to refine the range of spectrally active materials and evaluate the effectiveness of iron oxides and straw on SOM quantification. Three feature construction methods (conventional (VNIR-SWIR spectra), optimal (information spectrum subset, ISS), and straw-merged ISS (SISS)) and seven models were employed to evaluate the contributions of iron oxides and straw in SOM quantification. The results indicate that the SISS improved the generalization (RPD and <em>R</em>^<em>2</em>) of nonlinear and linear models by approximately 9 % and 4 %, respectively. The relative contributions of straw and iron oxides in modelling are approximately 35 % and 10 %, respectively. Our research successfully developed the SISS by refining the range of spectrally active materials and considering the background formed by the soil properties of the study area. We used it to evaluate the impact of straw on SOM quantification and demonstrated that the spectroscopic characterization of SOM can assess the carbon sequestration benefits of agricultural activities. This approach can be applied to regions with similar soil properties globally, offering a new perspective for SOM quantification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-stage soil organic carbon stabilization in conservation agriculture-based cereal systems","authors":"Dibakar Roy ,&nbsp;Ritesh Kundu ,&nbsp;Samrat Ghosh ,&nbsp;Ashim Datta ,&nbsp;Biswapati Mandal ,&nbsp;Sheetal Sharma ,&nbsp;J.K. Ladha","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In South Asia, the sustainability of conventional tillage and input-intensive cereal-based cropping systems (such as rice-rice and rice-wheat) is under scrutiny due to soil organic carbon depletion, stagnant productivity, and adverse environmental impacts stemming from greenhouse gas emissions (N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂). Against this backdrop, a long-term field experiment was initiated in 2009 at three sites in India (Karnal, Patna, and Aduthurai) and one site in Bangladesh (Gazipur) to assess four scenarios (S) reflecting current and future diversified crop rotations and conservation agriculture (CA) practices: S1 - double cereal rotation with conventional practices; S2 - double cereal plus legume rotation with partial CA; S3 - double cereal plus legume rotation with full CA; and S4 - futuristic diversified cereal-legume rotations with full CA. This study delved into the dynamics and stabilization of soil organic carbon across all scenarios and sites. Replicated soil samples were collected from depths of 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm after two crop cycles. We analyzed Walkley-Black carbon (WBC), total organic carbon (TOC), and various carbon pools with different oxidizability, determining the amount of carbon stabilized under CA-based scenarios and identifying optimal systems for carbon economy in South Asia. On average, active and passive carbon pools, TOC, and WBC stocks followed the order: S4 &gt; S3 &gt; S2 &gt; S1 at all sites, except Gazipur, where the order was S3 &gt; S4 &gt; S2 &gt; S1. CA practices stabilized applied carbon inputs to soil organic carbon at an annual rate of 1.7 %, with greater stabilization observed under S4 (11.7 %) &gt; S3 (10.6 %) &gt; S2 (7.8 %), regardless of location. Rice-rice sites exhibited a higher carbon stabilization rate (13.4 %) compared to rice-wheat sites (6.7 %). A significant proportion of stabilized carbon (63 %) was allocated to passive pools in soils under S2, S3, and S4, highlighting CA's potential to enhance carbon stability. Using a linear indexing technique, we identified that both S3 and S4 are conducive to better carbon stabilization, yield sustainability, and environmental co-benefits. Consequently, full CA systems with best management practices (S3) and best management practices with crop diversification (S4) are recommended for sustainable crop production in the major double cereal growing regions of South Asia, including India and Bangladesh.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil water repellency and its importance for the climate-smart sustainable management of fen peatland soils in Central Poland","authors":"Bartłomiej Glina ,&nbsp;Fagbemi Mayowa Yetunde ,&nbsp;Łukasz Mendyk ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Piernik","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper aims to assess potential soil water repellency (SWR) in the surface layers of long-term agricultural fen soils. Furthermore, we attempt to enhance our understanding of the links between selected soil properties (e.g., secondary transformation, total organic carbon (TOC) content) and SWR in differently used (grasslands and arable lands) fen soils in the temperate climate zone. The study was conducted in the Grójec Valley, Central Poland. The soil samples for laboratory analyses were collected in June 2022 from 64 sampling points – 56 grassland and 8 arable sites. We found that secondary soil transformation (mursh forming process) was significantly positively correlated with SWR – determined by MED (molarity of ethanol droplet) and WDPT (water drop penetration time) methods (<em>r</em> = 0.42 and <em>r</em> = 0.40, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) only in the organic samples (i.e., mursh). The significant positive correlation between SWR and TOC content (<em>r</em> = 0.73 (MED) and <em>r</em> = 0.74 (WDPT), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) indicates that, as well as organic matter depletion, there was a decrease in the water repellency of the studied soils. Our results indicate that study fen sites should be rewetted, and that the implementation of the paludiculture must take place in the near future. At a minimum, further arable cultivation of organic soils should be avoided, as they are the most vulnerable to secondary transformation and exhibit high SWR values. Furthermore, in the case of crop production on post-organic soils, it is recommended that the conservation tillage method is applied to prevent further depletion of soil organic matter content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon dynamics in perennial biomass crops on marginally productive cropland in southern Canada","authors":"Augustine K. Osei ,&nbsp;Naresh V. Thevathasan ,&nbsp;Maren Oelbermann","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predicting changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) in perennial biomass crops using process-based models provides a greater understanding of land management impacts on climate mitigation through long-term soil carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to predict long-term SOC dynamics in different perennial biomass crops [miscanthus (<em>Miscanthus giganteus</em> L.), switchgrass (<em>Panicum virgatum</em> L.), willow (<em>Salix miyabeana</em> L.)] as compared to secondary regrowth vegetation (successional site) and a row crop system. The Century model accurately predicted SOC when simulated values were compared to measured field data. Average SOC stocks over the 162-year simulation period to 20 cm, were highest in miscanthus (8521 g C m⁻²), followed by the successional site (6877 g C m⁻²), switchgrass (6480 g C m⁻²), willow (5448 g C m⁻²) and lowest in the row crop system (3995 g C m⁻²). Higher SOC stocks in the miscanthus than the successional site indicates that, despite frequent biomass harvest, perennial biomass crops can accumulate higher carbon in soil than when a marginally productive cropland is left to undergo secondary regrowth. However, this depends on the crop species, since the miscanthus was the only biomass crop that reached pre-cultivation (1911) SOC stock of 8288 g C m⁻². Moreover, the perennial biomass crops enhanced SOC in the slow fraction, whereas row crops depleted SOC in this fraction. This indicates the vital contribution of perennial biomass crops in long-term SOC sequestration and their role in climate change mitigation, especially when grown on marginally productive croplands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001135/pdfft?md5=b73da0b492405eb8c3c75ae349dd2699&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001135-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in soil biological activity and soil organic matter status only in the topsoil of Ferralsols under five land uses (Allada, Benin)","authors":"Issiakou Alladé Houssoukpèvi ,&nbsp;Tiphaine Chevallier ,&nbsp;Hervé Nonwègnon Sayimi Aholoukpè ,&nbsp;Murielle Nancy Rakotondrazafy ,&nbsp;Demayi Jorès Mauryo Fassinou ,&nbsp;Guillaume Lucien Amadji ,&nbsp;Lydie Chapuis-Lardy","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Land use change on the Ferralsols of the Allada Plateau in southern Benin has led to a slight decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks over the last two decades. However, as in many African landscapes, detailed characterisation and quantified data on the SOC stocks and soil biological activity under major land uses are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterise the biological activity and organic matter status of Ferralsols (0–30 cm) under the five major land uses on the Allada Plateau, i.e., forests, tree plantations, young and adult palm groves, and croplands (pineapple, maize). Soil biological activity was assessed using the standardised litter decomposition method (Tea bag index) and soil respiration (during a 28-day soil incubation). Soil organic matter status was characterised by quantifying SOC pools: soil microbial biomass carbon (MB-C), potassium permanganate oxidisable carbon (POX-C), and SOC associated to soil particle-size fractions (e.g. particulate organic matter, POM, and SOC associated to the clay soil fraction). The results indicated that SOC pools and biological activity were lower in tree plantations than in forests. The standardised litter decomposition was also slower in tree plantations than in forest. In croplands and palm groves, SOC pools and soil microbial biomass and respiration were lower than in forests and tree plantations. This high level of biological activity in forests, and at a lesser level in tree plantations, was effective in accumulating carbon in C pools associated to the clay fraction. Agricultural land uses, such as croplands and palm groves decreased all the soil C pools even those associated to the clay fraction, except for POX-C. However, these land-use effects on SOC pools decreased strongly with depth. At 10–30 cm, the differences in SOC pools or soil respiration between the five land uses were no more noticeable. Our results indicated that the amount of organic inputs was an essential factor to sustain high soil biological activity and SOC stabilisation in the clay size fraction, but only in the topsoil. Maintaining forests in the landscape is a priority in order to preserve SOC stocks and soil biological activity, which neither monospecific tree plantations nor cultivation can do at the same level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001123/pdfft?md5=3fb208491eb29c06e674cc3dc1f170ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing monthly dynamics of agricultural soil erosion risk in Poland","authors":"Paweł Marcinkowski,&nbsp;Sylwia Szporak-Wasilewska","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil erosion in agricultural landscapes poses a significant threat to soil health and productivity. This study investigates the dynamics of soil erosion across agricultural lands in Poland at monthly scale using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. The study utilizes the Global Rainfall Erosivity Dataset (GLOREDA), which provides the most up-to-date and highest resolution rainfall erosivity (R) values, derived from 10-min resolution rainfall records. Additionally, satellite imagery spanning 2003 to 2023 was leveraged to estimate the cover-management (C) factor, capturing the spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation cover and agricultural practices. Results reveal significant spatio-temporal variations in soil erosion rates, with peak erosion occurring during the summer months following crop harvesting, despite not aligning precisely with peak rainfall erosivity. The lowest erosion rates are observed during the winter seasons, attributed to minimal rainfall erosivity. The findings highlight the critical role of agricultural practices, particularly the timing of crop harvesting and temporary exposure of bare soil, in driving soil erosion dynamics in Poland's agricultural landscapes. Specifically, the average annual soil loss for agricultural areas in Poland was determined to be 0.27 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, with peak monthly soil erosion rates reaching up to 0.08 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in August. Total monthly soil loss from agricultural lands in Poland was estimated to be approximately 4.87 Mt. annually, with 68 % of the total annual soil loss occurring during the summer months. This study contributes valuable insights into understanding and managing soil erosion risks in agricultural systems, aiding in the development of targeted soil conservation strategies and sustainable land management practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e00864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352009424001111/pdfft?md5=985f6e9c9cccded1abb9146ea89262f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2352009424001111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}