Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Do South African restoration projects overpromise on carbon sequestration potential?","authors":"Jessica Prevôst ,&nbsp;Heidi-J Hawkins ,&nbsp;Michael Denis Cramer","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modelled effects of human land use indicate that South Africa has the highest predicted loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) globally. This requires an urgent need to better understand actual losses across different land uses, drivers of loss, and the potential that restoration holds for SOC storage. We extend previous mapping of SOC in South Africa by addressing these knowledge gaps and hypothesise that SOC losses and potential gains depend on prior land use and on the local climatic, edaphic, and vegetation context. We modelled SOC stocks (SOCs) as a function of environmental predictors using both linear mixed models and boosted regression trees, based on 6063 SOC samples collected over four decades across South Africa. We found that South Africa has lost between 9.3% and 14.9% of its total 0–30 cm surface SOCs due to land-use change, which is greater than the global average loss of 3.6% across the same soil depth. SOCs differed markedly among land uses: croplands, abandoned land, and barren land had 11%, 10%, and 43% lower SOCs than untransformed native vegetation (grasslands, savannas, and shrublands). Exotic tree plantations had approximately 8% higher SOCs than untransformed vegetation, but this may reflect pre-existing environmental conditions rather than causal effects. The dominant climatic, edaphic, and vegetation predictors of SOCs varied by land-use type, and this knowledge could assist in management decisions, e.g., active restoration via planting and irrigation in abandoned and barren lands. The greatest potential for SOC recovery through restoration was identified in mesic north-eastern regions, while arid zones had little recovery potential. Even complete restoration of all transformed land would yield a total SOC sequestration potential that is small in the global context, indicating limited mitigation potential at the national scale despite substantial co-benefits for biodiversity and soil health. Thus, protecting existing untransformed land through conservation and sustainable management remains essential, as regaining lost SOC is slow, costly, and uncertain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface soil physical property fingerprint of piping influenced gully erosion","authors":"Nikola Živanović ,&nbsp;Vukašin Rončević ,&nbsp;Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Vladimir Čebašek ,&nbsp;Veljko Rupar ,&nbsp;Siniša Polovina ,&nbsp;Stevan Ćorluka","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how soil physical properties differ between eroded and adjacent non-eroded microsites is essential for diagnosing early-stage rill–gully development and shallow piping in forested landscapes, yet paired microsite evidence remains limited. We quantified soil physical contrasts between gully/rill beds microsites (eroded) and adjacent banks (visually stable) across 13 cross-sections in a forested watershed in Serbia, while minimizing background variability in site conditions. We hypothesized that gully-bed soils differ from banks and that these contrasts are depth-dependent. Samples from two depth intervals (5–10 and 20–25 cm) were analyzed for soil moisture, density-based indices (bulk and dry bulk density, porosity, void ratio), particle-size distribution, Atterberg limits, and the clay activity index (AI). Microsite differences were strongest in the surface layer: gully-bed soils were wetter and showed lower clay, higher sand, higher AI, and higher liquid limit (wL) than banks. At 20–25 cm, microsite contrasts were weaker overall, but clay and sand contents remained significantly different, whereas silt content and particle density showed no meaningful variation across microsites or depths. Two-way ANOVA indicated that depth dominated density-derived indices and significantly affected moisture, clay, and plastic limit (wP), while sampling position significantly affected moisture, clay, AI, and wP; the depth × position interaction was significant only for moisture. An exploratory PCA-based composite score (<em>E</em>-PCS) summarized coordinated texture–consistency/activity shifts and separated gully-bed from bank samples across both depths. Overall, even incipient piping-related incision produced measurable, depth-dependent microsite contrasts, supporting shallow-horizon prioritization and depth stratification in monitoring designs for similar forested watersheds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining proximal and remote sensors for regional soil characterization in rural Haiti","authors":"Anshuman Nayak ,&nbsp;Reginald Cean ,&nbsp;Somsubhra Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Noura Bakr ,&nbsp;Asim Biswas ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;D.K. Swain ,&nbsp;David C. Weindorf","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agronomic optimization is critical in developing countries, especially where soil resources are constrained. This research, the first of its kind in Haiti, used predictive modeling to relate laboratory-derived physical and chemical soil data to proximal and remotely sensed data collected on 32,949 georeferenced surface soil (0–20 cm) samples in the Arcahaie region. A representative subset of collected samples (<em>n</em> = 300) was then tested using a litany of predictive models (e.g., random forest, gradient boosting, stacking ensemble, XGBoost) relating the lab-derived to proximally sensed data for the prediction of soil pH, sand, silt, clay, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, and plant available P, K, Si, Fe, and Cu. Results showed that sand, silt, clay, soil organic carbon, soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity all have predictive R² of ≥0.80; predictions of soil texture components and soil organic carbon/organic matter were particularly strong. Other parameters, while still significant, were less robust. The models were used to predict the physical and chemical properties of the full dataset, then spatially interpolated to provide parameter variability maps across the region in support of agronomic optimization. Future research should work to extend the methodology successfully demonstrated herein to other regions of agronomic importance in Haiti and other developing countries. Furthermore, the approaches could be extended to three-dimensional modeling of subsoil properties elucidating optimal soil fertility in the rooting zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical manure application affects accumulation pattern of residue-derived carbon via promoting macro-aggregation in Andosols, Japan","authors":"Hideaki Yasuno,&nbsp;Han Lyu,&nbsp;Haruo Tanaka,&nbsp;Soh Sugihara","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Managing post-harvest crop residues is key to maintaining soil organic carbon (SOC) for achieving sustainable agriculture and mitigating climate change. However, how historical land management and residue quality affect residue-derived carbon (C) accumulation and pattern through aggregate formation and stabilization remains unclear, especially in Andosols. We conducted a 450-day <em>in-situ</em> incubation experiment using ¹³C-labeled maize residues (leaf: C/<em>N</em> = 15; root: C/<em>N</em> = 30) at historical managed cropland (Andosols) in Tokyo, Japan, under three land managements—manure (M), chemical fertilizer (Cf), and no fertilizer (Nf). Soil samples collected at 20, 60, 120, and 450 days were fractionated into macroaggregates (&gt;250 μm), microaggregates (53–250 μm), and the silt+clay fraction (&lt;53 μm) and analyzed. After 450 days, the remaining proportions of residue-derived C were 23 % (leaf) and 29 % (root), with no significant differences among land managements. However, decomposition rates at 450 days estimated by two-pool first-order model were significantly lower in M (0.37 mg C kg⁻¹ day⁻¹) than in Cf (0.60), indicating that manure application affected the accumulation pattern of residue-derived C. Because the macroaggregate mass proportion was higher in M (82 %) than in Cf (70 %), historical manure application should promote the macroaggregate formation and enhance the physical protection of residue-derived C, resulting in higher residue-derived C in macroaggregates at 450 days in M (0.38 g C kg⁻¹) than in Cf (0.29). Overall, historical manure application caused the different accumulation pattern of residue-derived C especially at later period via macro-aggregation in Andosols, Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readily available water supply across soil variability in a center-pivot irrigated soybean field using the least limiting water range approach","authors":"Igor Alexandre de Souza ,&nbsp;Dorotéo de Abreu ,&nbsp;Alceu Linares Pádua Junior ,&nbsp;Sérgio Henrique Godinho Silva ,&nbsp;Bruno Montoani Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intensified agricultural production frequently has a negative impact on soil physical-hydric properties, contributing significantly to soil degradation in the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective of this study was to assess the soil physical-hydric environment within a consolidated no-tillage system with at least 21 years of implementation. Three soil profiles were studied in representative locations of the 110 ha, with disturbed and undisturbed soil samples taken to represent the A, BA, and Bw1 horizons. The morphological description of the soil profiles was first performed, followed by analyses of soil granulometry, bulk density, soil particle density, and least limiting water range (LLWR) models for the entire area and profile of each horizon. The soils of the three profiles were classified as Dystrophic Yellow Latosol and had a sandy clay loam texture. The soil particle density ranged from 2.52 to 2.61 Mg m⁻³, and the bulk density average was 1.04 Mg m⁻³. The LLWR for the entire area showed field capacity and wilting point values of 0.26 and 0.22 m³ m⁻³, respectively, which were indicators of soil degradation in the A horizon. According to LLWR models, soil bulk density levels above 1.24 Mg m⁻³ impose physical constraints on plant development, with values above 1.31 Mg m⁻³ indicating more severe limitations. These findings highlight the effectiveness of LLWR in monitoring soil physical and water quality, and the penetration resistance becomes the main factor regardless of water content and aeration porosity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil security assessment based on ethnopedological studies","authors":"Georgina Pérez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Ortiz-Solorio ,&nbsp;Ma. del Carmen Gutiérrez-Castorena ,&nbsp;Atenógenes Leobardo Licona-Vargas ,&nbsp;Javier Leonardo Toxqui-Roldan ,&nbsp;Víctor Manuel Ordaz-Chaparro","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil security assessment has been carried out on a regional or global scale using five dimensions that are difficult to assess due to lack of data, especially for connectivity. In contrast, ethnopedological studies are based on local knowledge of the soil and the value they place on their land, but their application is at the local level. The integration of these methodologies can overcome current limitations in data collection and in bridging scales and promote a more holistic approach to soil security assessment.</div><div>The objective of this research is to evaluate the soil security using an ethnopedological approach in a region of state-level agricultural significance in Mexico. The study employs an ethnopedological approach, encompassing five primary dimensions and proposing 17 sub-dimensions. The findings suggest that farmers contributed 60 % of the data, with the remaining 40 % comprising a blend of technical information and local soil knowledge, signifying a process of knowledge integration. The utilization of local soil knowledge facilitates not only the assessment of connectivity but also the determination of parameters for evaluating capacity, condition, capital, and codification. Furthermore, this approach yielded detailed maps for each of the dimensions, sub-dimensions, and levels of soil security for the five soil classes. The information can be beneficial for assessing soil security at the local level within the framework of small-scale farming, especially in countries with traditional knowledge and land management practices. In addition, it has the potential to play a key role in the formulation of public policy, particularly at the municipal level. This is due to its ability to enhance comprehension of the socio-cultural, and environmental dynamics of local areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alternative to mitigate soil compaction and improve crop yield under no-till systems","authors":"Camila Jorge Bernabé Ferreira ,&nbsp;Vívian Ribeiro de Oliveira Preto ,&nbsp;Cassio Antonio Tormena ,&nbsp;Marcio Renato Nunes ,&nbsp;Guilherme Braga Pereira Braz ,&nbsp;Eduardo da Costa Severiano ,&nbsp;Alvaro Sanz Saez de Jauregui","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil compaction has caused significant crop yield losses owing to deleterious changes in the soil physical quality in the root zone. Our objective was to evaluate the use of seed drills equipped with fixed shanks operating at two depths under different levels of soil compaction as an alternative to mitigate soil compaction and improve crop yield in no-till (NT) conditions. The study was conducted in Paraná, southern Brazil, on a Rhodic Ferralsol under 20 years of NT management. The treatments included <em>(i)</em> four levels of induced soil compaction (0, 3, 6, and 9 tractor passes) and <em>(ii)</em> two operating depths of the seed drill shank (shallow = 10 cm and deep = 15 cm) as a strategy to mitigate soil compaction. The treatment effects on soil physical quality were quantified through soil air permeability, bulk density, water and air storage capacity, and penetration resistance, measured within 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm soil depths. Plant responses to the treatments were quantified by measuring the stem diameter, shoot dry mass, leaf area, plant height, and light interception. We measured the number of pods per plant at harvest, root diameter and length, and the grain yield. Soil compaction caused by tractor traffic increases water retention and decreases air storage capacity in the soil. The deep-acting shank significantly improved soil physical conditions for root growth and development compared with the shallow shank (10 cm), reducing soil bulk density by approximately 20% and penetration resistance by nearly 50%. Improved soil physical conditions within deeper soil layers promoted greater root length in the first 20 cm of soil profile, ensuring greater crop resistance to extreme weather. Overall, using seed drills equipped with deep-acting shanks is an efficient alternative for mitigating topsoil compaction (up to 15 cm) and promoting plant development in NT systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxalate-extractable aluminium is a key predictor of organic carbon content in Swedish agricultural topsoils","authors":"Miyanda Chilipamushi ,&nbsp;Claudia von Brömssen ,&nbsp;Tino Colombi ,&nbsp;Thomas Kätterer ,&nbsp;Mats Larsbo","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has shown the importance of oxalate-extractable aluminium (Alox) for predicting soil organic carbon (SOC) contents across diverse geographical regions. However, studies using data from humid continental climates are scarce, and the data used in these studies have not been statistically representative for larger scales. Our study aimed to 1) evaluate the influence of soil physical and geochemical properties (specifically Alox), farm management, and climate on the spatial distribution and storage potential of SOC in Swedish agricultural soils and 2) to assess whether estimates of aggregation, assumed to influence the protection of soil organic matter, could improve predictions. We analyzed a statistically representative subset of mineral soils with pH &lt; 7 from the Swedish soil and crop monitoring program, which covers the country's agricultural land. We identified the most important predictors for topsoil SOC contents using a random forest model. We employed partial dependence plots to visualize and interpret the interactions between key variables and SOC contents. Results showed that Alox was the most important predictor for SOC contents, as evidenced by its high relative importance score and the increased out-of-bag error when removed from the model. Notably, SOC content reached a plateau at Alox contents of about 3.5 g kg⁻¹, suggesting the possibility of SOC under-saturation. Climatic variables were of secondary importance, while farm management did not emerge as a significant predictor. Surprisingly, silt-sized aggregation was not identified as an important variable for predicting SOC content. Our findings emphasize the importance of incorporating geochemical properties, particularly Alox, in addition to soil texture, in predictive modelling and monitoring efforts for enhanced soil carbon management in humid climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of soil physicochemical properties on plant-parasitic nematode assemblages in contrasting agricultural soils","authors":"Nagarathnam Thiruchchelvan ,&nbsp;Manjula Kularathna ,&nbsp;Romy Moukarzel ,&nbsp;Leo Condron ,&nbsp;Seona Casonato","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2026.e01056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the spatial variation of plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) communities and their association with soil physicochemical properties across contrasting agricultural soils in three major regions of New Zealand: Waikato, Canterbury, and Manawatū-Whanganui. PPN assemblages were dominated by root-lesion and spiral nematodes, with Canterbury showing the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity and species richness, followed by Waikato and Manawatū-Whanganui. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and hierarchical clustering revealed partial regional separation of nematode communities, and multivariate analyses confirmed significant regional variation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Spearman correlations indicated weak to moderate associations between PPNs, diversity, and soil properties: lesion nematodes were negatively correlated with pH and moisture, root-knot nematodes were weakly positively correlated with Shannon diversity and richness, and <em>Tylenchus</em> showed weak positive associations with diversity and C/N ratio. Diversity increased with silt but decreased with sand, phosphorus, carbon, and nitrogen. Additionally, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) demonstrated that soil parameters collectively explained 20–25% of the variation in PPN community structure, with significant influences from phosphorus, pH, sand, clay, C/N ratio, and moisture content. Key associations, as indicated by their proximity to the corresponding environmental vectors, were observed between lesion nematodes and clay, spiral nematodes and moisture content, and ring nematodes and soil moisture and sand%. These findings provide the first detailed account of PPN ecology in New Zealand, highlighting the significant influence of regional soil characteristics on the composition of PPN communities. While valuable baseline data are presented, further research is recommended to explore seasonal dynamics, long-term trends, and the impact of different agronomic practices, informing more effective, region-specific PPN management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil color serves as a key pedogenic indicator in the Godavari Basin, India","authors":"Gizachew Ayalew Tiruneh ,&nbsp;Bhaskara Phaneendra ,&nbsp;Ciro Abbud Righi","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e01046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Godavari River basin, a major rice —producing region, requires an accurate understanding of soil drainage to enhance crop productivity. Soil color-evaluated using the Munsell chart and converted to the CIE Lab system, acts as a reliable indicator of soil moisture, texture, and drainage. In this system, L* denotes lightness, a* redness, and b* yellowness. A drainage index was derived using Mahalanobis distance based on these color parameters. A total of forty-two soil profiles were opened from three landforms—fluvial, fluviomarine, and marine—using a 1:250,000-scale soil resource inventory. Fluvial soils exhibited clay to silty clay textures with Ap horizons (0–18 cm) and Bg horizons extending beyond 100 cm, indicating sustained alluvial deposition. Fluviomarine soils displayed stratified silty clay to silty clay loam and sand layers with subsoil effervescence, indicating carbonate accumulation under combined fluvial and marine influence. In contrast, marine soils showed lighter silt loam to sandy textures, reflecting slower pedogenesis. CIE Lab analysis showed marine soils are lighter (L* = 50.65) with higher b* values (23.76), while fluvial soils are darker (L* = 33.88) and more reddish-yellow (b* = 12.32). Fluviomarine soils exhibited the highest color variability, reflecting heterogeneous sediment mixing and fluctuating redox conditions. Drainage assessments showed moderate to poor subsoil drainage in fluvial and fluviomarine soils, which influenced root growth, water retention, and soil color. These results demonstrated strong relationships between soil color, texture, and drainage, emphasizing the need for site-specific management to optimize irrigation, fertility, and pedogenesis in the Godavari rice landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}