Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Biochar-fertilizer interaction increases nitrogen retention, uptake and use efficiency of cinnamomum camphora: A 15N tracer study","authors":"Yuxuan Guo ,&nbsp;Victor Manna Samson ,&nbsp;Yetong Zhi ,&nbsp;Yulin Chen ,&nbsp;Xi Yang ,&nbsp;Guanghao Jia ,&nbsp;Yanling Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers can have detrimental environmental and economic impacts. Enhancing N use efficiency (NUE) through biochar application may help mitigate these losses while promoting plant growth. However, different biochar types may influence NUE differently. To investigate these effects, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to assess the impact of two biochar types on N dynamics. Four treatments were applied: control (CK), fertilizer (F), sawdust biochar + fertilizer (SBF), and rice straw biochar + fertilizer (RBF). A ¹⁵N tracer technique was used to evaluate N accumulation and NUE in <em>C. camphora</em>. Results indicated that biochar-fertilizer combinations significantly improved soil inorganic N (NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N) retention, this was attributed to biochar's high surface area and functional groups enhancing N ion sorption. Additionally, biochar-amended treatments (RBF and SBF) increased soil total N, ¹⁵N content and plant N uptake. Notably, by the final sampling period, plant total N content in the RBF treatment was 34.62 %, 16.67 %, and 9.38 % higher than in CK, F, and SBF treatments, respectively. Furthermore, ¹⁵N content in the RBF treatment was significantly greater than in SBF and F, showing increases of 26.51 % and 30.19 %, respectively. Biochar application also markedly improved NUE, with increases of 103.77 % and 27.86 % in RBF and SBF treatments, respectively, compared to the F. Similarly, soil fertilizer N recovery was 49.92 % and 43.94 % higher in RBF and SBF soils, respectively, than in F. The enhanced urease and protease activity in biochar-amended soils likely contributed to these improvements in fertilizer recovery and NUE. Overrall, our findings demonstrate that first the magnitude of N retention and NUE enhancement varies with biochar type. Second, combining biochar with fertilizer improves fertilizer N retention, NUE, and recovery, ultimately enhancing <em>C. camphora</em> productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of fluvial and aeolian processes on palaeosols formation in Privlaka, Croatia","authors":"Stjepan Husnjak ,&nbsp;Lidija Galović ,&nbsp;Rosa Maria Poch ,&nbsp;Jasmina Martinčević Lazar ,&nbsp;Ajka Pjanić","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study was carried out on the pedo-sedimentary complex in Croatia's coastal region to describe the palaeosols' pedological, micromorphological and mineralogical properties and compare them with the recent soils. The field investigations comprised the definition, description and sampling horizons of an 8 m thick sequence of glacio-fluvial deposits, palaeosols and recent soils. Besides the field description and analyses of physico-chemical soil properties, the mineralogical composition was determined by XRD and soil thin sections were studied with a polarising microscope. The palaeosols are predominantly reddish in colour and have a considerable amount of carbonate concretions and rhizoconcretions, whereas the recent soils are brownish and without secondary carbonates. Large cracks filled with sandier material at the bottom of the sequence. The palaeosols are characterised by a higher percentage of sand particles and a lower percentage of silt particles than the recent soil. The recent soil has higher pH values and SOC contents, and lower CaCO₃ contents than the palaeosols. The mineralogical composition of the palaeosols and the recent soil consists of quartz and calcite with feldspars (K-feldspar and plagioclase), goethite and clay minerals (kaolinite and mica). They differ in the presence of chlorite, which was recorded only in the recent soil, while Ti- and Mn-oxides, and Ch-hydroxides were only found in the palaeosols. The micromorphology does not show any glacial nor periglacial features, but a reddish recarbonated groundmass in the palaeosols and signs of clay illuviation inside some of the coarse fragments (quarztites), indicating that they are formed by pedosediments of terra rossa from the Dinaric Alps. The results show that the original decarbonated and rubefacted material was subjected to recarbonation by mixing with underlying limestones and by younger carbonated materials deposited on top, probably under arid conditions generating deep fissures. These processes agree with the formation of terra rossa under a warm and humid climate in which stable minerals (kaolinite, Fe- and Mn- oxides and hydroxides) predominate in the sediments under oxidating conditions. In contrast to the palaeosols, the recent soil has a mineral composition that is more typical of a climate with cold, dry winters and warm, humid summers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts on soil chemical quality caused by supplemental feeding to beef cattle while on dry-season pasture in tropical Brazil","authors":"Joaquim P. de Lima ,&nbsp;Matheus B. Soares ,&nbsp;Onã da S. Freddi ,&nbsp;Eduardo da S. Matos ,&nbsp;Elismar dos Anjos ,&nbsp;Dalton H. Pereira ,&nbsp;Anderson Lange ,&nbsp;Carlos Cesar Breda","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for food worldwide has encouraged the development of production systems to optimize land use. Therefore, supplementing beef cattle pasture during the dry season (ITP) appears as a strategy to intensify meat production and enhance land use. However, little is known about ITP's effect on soil chemical quality in tropical regions in Brazil. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate ITP's effect on soil chemical quality, as well as the consequences of ITP's introduction in the spatial soil distribution of the following nutrients: carbon and nitrogen. The experiment was carried out in Sinop County, Mato Grosso State, Brazil - Southern Amazonian Region. The spatial distribution of soil chemical features related to acidity became continuous after ITP application to the surface soil layer. ITP improved soil chemical quality in the dry season, ITP and its production strategy provided the soil with: monoammonium phosphate (MAP ∼46 % P₂O₅), potassium chloride (KCl ∼ 60 % K₂O), CaCO_3, and MgCO₃ at amounts of 15, 111, 93, and 59 kg ha⁻¹ in the 0–0.20 m layer, respectively, in addition to the production of 502 kg ha⁻¹ of meat within 102 days. ITP proved to be an environmentally friendly and economically viable alternative for soil use during the dry season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts caused by the traffic of ground-based forest harvesting machinery: State of the art and future guidelines for Chile","authors":"Ricardo Pastén H. ,&nbsp;Marco Contreras S. ,&nbsp;Óscar Thiers E.","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most frequently reported impacts of timber harvesting operations are on the soil and are mainly concentrated along skid trails and other areas of high traffic. Research addressing the impacts of ground-based harvesting machinery varies widely and is predominantly composed of case studies, which makes its application to other environmental contexts difficult. Considering the importance of the Chilean forest sector, the diversity of sites, and operational conditions in the country, as well as the predominant existence of plantations managed as short-rotation forest crops by clearcutting, it is paramount to identify the state of the art in Chile and knowledge gaps. To this end, environmental impacts and associated best management practice recommendations were identified based on 252 studies from 31 countries through a systematic search of articles in reference databases. The results highlight the under-studied geographical areas and soil types worldwide. The main disturbance reported were related to soil physical properties, followed by disturbance to the flora structure and composition, chemical properties, hydraulics, and soil biological properties. Seven general recommendations were identified and discussed regarding best management practices. Common recommendations include preventive measures to reduce soil impacts. In the case of studies conducted in Chile, only one indexed article (&lt;0.01 %) was found, which raised the need to expand the search to national databases where five additional articles were found. This review is consistent with international study results. However, there is a recognized lack of knowledge regarding forest soils, types of disturbance, and the environmental impacts of modern harvesting machinery. Additionally, gaps in research related to skid trail planning alternatives, soil monitoring, and recovery times have been identified. Research needs related to these knowledge gaps have been proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal changes of soil organic matter composition in separate carbon pools of a cultivated Chernozem: The role of crops and fertilization","authors":"Thulfiqar Al-Graiti ,&nbsp;Zoltán Szalai ,&nbsp;Noémi Ujházy ,&nbsp;Nándor Fodor ,&nbsp;Tamás Árendás ,&nbsp;Anna Nagy ,&nbsp;Péter Szávai ,&nbsp;Máté Karlik ,&nbsp;Károly Márialigeti ,&nbsp;Gergely Jakab","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic matter (SOM) is a crucial property affecting most soil functions; thus, sampling and investigation are essential. However, the SOM composition and content may be less constant than assumed, even in crop fields. This study investigated whether fertilization and crop type affect the effect of sampling time on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and SOM composition. A cultivated Haplic Chernozem (Loamic) topsoil in Martonvásár, Hungary, was studied in a long-term experiment to compare the effects of fertilization on soil properties under different crops. Soil samples were collected during summer (August 2018) and spring (April 2019) to study SOC content and SOM composition in the bulk soil and two soil carbon (C) pools, such as the mineral phase-associated organic matter (OM) or slow pool (attached to particles &lt;63 μm) and aggregate-associated OM or fast pool (occluded by particles &gt;63 μm). SOM composition was estimated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Neither fertilization nor crops affected the SOC content and SOM composition. The slow pool had a higher SOC content and more stable SOM composition than that of the fast pool. Furthermore, the labile SOM component (amide nitrogen, and polysaccharides) ratio was higher during spring than during summer in the fast pool, whereas the phenolic lignin content decreased. Varying plant residual versus microbial contributions to total SOC may explain these temporal variations. Consequently, the soil sampling date may affect the SOM content and composition results; thus, repeated seasonal sampling is suggested to estimate possible fluctuations in SOM properties and calculate the annual average.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling factors of soil organic and inorganic carbon in North Adana, Türkiye","authors":"Yavuz S. Turgut ,&nbsp;Alfred E. Hartemink ,&nbsp;Y. Kenan Koca","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In many soils of arid and semi-arid regions, the soil carbon pool consists of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC). Numerous studies have examined the relationship between the content of SOC and SIC in relation to various environmental factors. The northern region of Adana city in the Mediterranean region of Türkiye is characterized by a Mediterranean climate with about 600 mm of rainfall per year. Most studies in the region have focused on the impact of land degradation, such as urbanization and land use change, on stocks rather than the factors controlling SOC and SIC. The study area covered 9625 ha (&gt;70 % Entisols) with an altitude ranging from 67 to 365 m. Soil samples were collected from 107 points at depths 0–30 and 30–60 cm, and from 17 pedons that were sampled by horizon. The spectral reflectance of the soil was measured using a vis-NIR spectrometer. SOC decreased with depth, while SIC increases regardless of land use. MAP and MAT did not show a significant effect on SIC concentrations. Soils derived from siltstone showed a large decrease in SOC concentration, while soils derived from conglomerate had an increase in SIC. High SOC concentrations were observed in the southern part of the region, while low SOC concentrations were observed from southwest to northeast of the study area. Dark colored soils had higher SOC and lower SIC values compared to light colored soils. In this area, SIC and SOC are controlled by soil characteristic and processes rather than by land use, topographic factors and rainfall and temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temperature dependence of greenhouse gas production from Central African savannah soils","authors":"Nicholas T. Girkin ,&nbsp;Hannah V. Cooper ,&nbsp;Alice S. Johnston ,&nbsp;Martha Ledger ,&nbsp;G.R. Mouanda Niamba ,&nbsp;Christopher H. Vane ,&nbsp;Vicky Moss-Hayes ,&nbsp;Dafydd Crabtree ,&nbsp;Greta C. Dargie ,&nbsp;Saul Vasquez ,&nbsp;Yannick Bocko ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Mampouya Wenina ,&nbsp;Mackline Mbemba ,&nbsp;Arnoud Boom ,&nbsp;Suspense Averti Ifo ,&nbsp;Simon L. Lewis ,&nbsp;Sofie Sjögersten","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Savannahs cover 20 % of the global land surface, but there have been few studies of greenhouse gas (GHG) dynamics from savannah soils. Here, we assess potential turnover of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) from surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (20–30 cm) soils from two contrasting tropical savannah sites in the Republic of Congo, Central Africa, under dry (40 % water-filled-pore-space, WFPS) and wet (70 % WFPS) conditions. Under baseline conditions (25 °C), we found soils were sources of CO₂ and N₂O, but a sink for CH₄. Assessment of the temperature response of GHG fluxes between 20 and 35 °C revealed variable temperature dependences. That is, CO₂ fluxes showed a strong temperature response, whereas the temperature response of N₂O fluxes was only significant under dry conditions, and no significant temperature response of CH₄ fluxes was observed. The temperature quotient (Q₁₀) of soil respiration increased from 1.58 ± 0.004 to 1.92 ± 0.006 at sites with lower soil organic carbon contents. The relative increase in N₂O with CO₂ fluxes across temperatures was significantly influenced by moisture conditions at both sites. No temperature or soil moisture response was observed for CH₄ fluxes, collectively implying divergent GHG responses to changing climatic conditions. Using Rock-Eval pyrolysis we assessed the organic chemistry of all soil types, which indicated contrasting degrees of stability of carbon sources between sites and with depth which, alongside significant differences in a range of other soil parameters (including organic matter content, total carbon, total nitrogen, electrical conductivity, and pH), may account for site-specific differences in baseline GHG emissions. Taken together, our results are amongst the first measures of GHG temperature sensitivity of tropical savannah soils, and demonstrate that soil CO₂ emissions are more sensitive to warming and changes in moisture than the emissions of other GHGs, although relatively low compared to responses reported for soils from other tropical ecosystems. This implies that GHG fluxes form savannah soils in the region may be at least partially resilient to climate-induced soil warming compared to other ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ammonia volatilization from NBPT-treated urea in no-till maize at different soil textures in South Brazil","authors":"Adriana Cancian ,&nbsp;Fernando Viero ,&nbsp;Sandra Mara Vieira Fontoura ,&nbsp;Johnny R. Soares ,&nbsp;Cimélio Bayer","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urea treated with urease inhibitors can significantly reduce NH₃ losses when urea is surface applied to the straw in a no-till (NT) system, but the site conditions may affect its efficiency. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of the NBPT [N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide] applied to common urea on the decrease of NH₃ volatilization in no-till maize in two sites with distinct soil textures, weather, and management in southern Brazil; and to evaluate the NBPT inhibition in delayed soil pH and NH₄⁺ elevation after urea hydrolysis. Two field experiments were conducted in the 2016/17 growing season at Guarapuava (GUA) (Rodhic Hapludox, clay) and Eldorado do Sul (ELD) (Typic Paleudult, sandy clay loam). The treatments were: (i) common urea (U) and (ii) U + urease inhibitor (U + NBPT), and (iii) control without N fertilization. The N sources were broadcast applied to maize at N rate of 100–180 kg ha⁻¹. In the laboratory, an experiment was conducted using U and U + NBPT, applied to the two soils, to evaluate urea hydrolysis. The NH₃ volatilization from U was faster and higher in the sandy soil compared to clayey soil, reaching 26 % of N applied in the first five days after application, compared to 10 % in GUA. In this period, the NBPT reduced the NH₃ loss from urea by 83 % in sandy soil (ELD) and 88 % in GUA (clay). After this period, rain events occurred, which favoured the diffusion of N from fertilizer in ELD, but not in GUA, where NH₃ losses increased from 10 to 14 % with U, and from 1 to 7 % with U + NBPT, reducing the efficiency of the inhibitor. Under controlled conditions, U application increased soil NH₄⁺ levels up to 207 to 224 mg kg⁻¹, and soil pH up to 6.8–8.1 in five days after application, while in U + NBPT the NH₄⁺ peak was reduced to 72 to 109 mg kg⁻¹ and pH to 6.2–7.2, showing similar efficiency in both soils. Nitrogen losses through NH₃ volatilization were intense during the first five days after urea application in no-till maize, especially in sandy soil. NBPT-treated urea is an effective N management practice in reducing ammonia losses in both sandy and clay soils; however, its efficiency decreases over time in the clay soil besides rainfall events. Further studies should investigate additional strategies to optimize NBPT efficiency in reducing NH₃ loss from urea in no-till systems in clay soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sowing time of maize and ruzigrass intercropping systems on soil chemical, physical and microbiological properties in an Oxisol from southern Brazil","authors":"Doglas Bassegio ,&nbsp;Deonir Secco ,&nbsp;Diva de Souza Andrade ,&nbsp;Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ,&nbsp;Araceli Ciotti de Marins ,&nbsp;Samuel Nelson Melegari de Souza ,&nbsp;Pablo Chang ,&nbsp;Vinicius Rigueiro Messa ,&nbsp;Matheus Rodrigues Savioli ,&nbsp;Mayra Beatriz Semiano Castro ,&nbsp;Éllen Lemes Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sowing time of ruzigrass (<em>Urochloa ruziziensis</em>) intercropped with maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) influences the above- and belowground biomass, affecting soil properties. This study evaluated the effects of sowing times of maize and ruzigrass on the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties in an Oxisol in southern Brazil. The sowing time included intercropping maize with ruzigrass (i) sown before maize, (ii) sown at the time of maize sowing, (iii) sown after maize, and was compared to the (iv) sole maize (control treatment). The soil physical (bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity), chemical (soil pH, soil organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium), and microbiological properties (microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, arylsulfatase, β-glucosidase, and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities) were analyzed after three years. Sowing time of maize with ruzigrass affected the competition between ruzigrass and maize and impacted soil properties. In the intercropping of ruzigrass sown before maize, the bulk density at the 10–20 cm depth was 10 % lower than in the sole maize. The benefits of intercropping maize with ruzigrass for bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microbial biomass, and enzyme activity were higher when ruzigrass was sown before and at the time of maize sowing than that of ruzigrass sown after maize and sole maize. Sowing of ruzigrass after maize sowing was less effective in improving the physical and microbiological properties of the soil. The changes in soil chemical properties under intercropping maize with ruzigrass took longer to be observed than the soil physical and microbiological properties, indicating that physical and microbiological properties are more sensitive indicators of soil quality. The results of this study can be used to guide integrated intercropping strategies in no-tillage cropping systems to maximize positive effects on soil quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of soil use and management systems on soil health in Southern Brazil","authors":"Regiane Kazmierczak Becker ,&nbsp;Carolina Weigert Galvão ,&nbsp;Rafael Mazer Etto ,&nbsp;Daiane Hyeda ,&nbsp;Ariane Lentice de Paula ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Schiebelbein ,&nbsp;Neyde Fabíola Balarezo Giarola","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for adopting more sustainable agricultural management practices worldwide has prompted soil health assessment studies. In southern Brazil, there is a growing diversification in soil use and management systems. This study aimed to evaluate soil health under different soil use and management systems in this region using the Soil Management Assessment Framework. The study investigated secondary forest, no-tillage, and pasture across three mesoregions of Paraná State: West, Southwest, and Central East. Soil health was evaluated in the surface layer, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the effect of soil use and management on soil health. Scores for bulk density, water-filled pore space, pH, phosphorus, potassium, microbial biomass carbon, and β-glucosidase activity were sensitive to detecting changes in soil conditions. However, other indicators, such as macroaggregate stability and total organic carbon, need refined algorithms for regional adaptation. Differences in soil health among soil use and management were observed. Secondary forest generally maintained optimal soil health indices, with values above 0.86. No-tillage showed good soil health indices in the evaluated layer, with values above 0.80. Notably, no-tillage with organic agricultural systems and the application of organic residues appeared to contribute positively to soil health improvement, with indices reaching 0.86 and 0.89, respectively. Pastures, especially silvopasture, showed potential for improving soil health through plant diversity, achieving an index of 0.88. We suggest that future studies compare different soil health indices to improve algorithms for interpreting soil health indicators on a regional scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}