Fire Technology最新文献

{"title":"Firefighter Severe Injury Incidence: An Analysis of National Fire Incidence Reporting System (NFIRS) Data from 2010 to 2019","authors":"Paul Grunsted,&nbsp;Chao Xu,&nbsp;Jooyeon Hwang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01945-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01945-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We aimed to identify variables associated with increased risk of severe injuries leading to lost work time among U.S. firefighters. We analyzed deidentified data from the National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS) from 2010 to 2019 to evaluate associations between injury-related variables and severe injury occurrence. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships between specified variables and severe injuries. Cause of injury, firefighter career status, and activity at the time of injury were consistently associated with severe injuries across the ten-year period. In 2010, career firefighters were 1.85 times more likely to sustain a severe injury than volunteer firefighters after adjustment (95% CI: 1.51–2.26, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Injuries caused by falls or trips were 1.57 times more likely to be severe than those caused by being struck by an object (95% CI: 1.26–1.96, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). The magnitude of these associations remained similar over the study period. Firefighter career status, injury cause, and activity at the time of incident emerged as consistent predictors of severe injury. Increasing awareness of these risk factors may inform targeted protective measures and reduce severe injuries among firefighters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10694-026-01945-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on Fire Evolution Characteristics of Full-Size Pure Electric Vehicle Charging Berth Entities and Ground Extinguishing Efficacy","authors":"Hao Huang,&nbsp;Feng Wu Shan,&nbsp;Bin Bin Li,&nbsp;Yi Fei Hu,&nbsp;Chao Qun Shen,&nbsp;Qing Mei Qin,&nbsp;Xing Bing Duan,&nbsp;Jianbang Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01943-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01943-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Addressing the challenges of fire prevention and control for battery electric vehicles in underground parking lot charging bays, as well as the performance limitations of traditional overhead spray systems, this paper investigates the evolution of vehicle fires caused by thermal runaway in ternary lithium batteries during charging scenarios through full-scale physical fire tests. It compares the fire suppression effectiveness of overhead spray systems with that of a combined overhead and floor spray system. The results indicate that traditional overhead spray systems have inherent prevention and control deficiencies. They exhibit a response delay of 137 s relative to the first explosion, completely missing the 87-second early intervention window. Consequently, they fail to suppress the spread. During the test, the battery pack exploded three times, the vehicle body reached a maximum temperature of 820.4 °C, and the maximum radiant heat flux intensity at the measurement point reached 0.58 kW/m², ultimately igniting adjacent vehicles; The overhead spray + ground spray system achieved a 91.2% faster response time compared to the overhead spray system alone, enabling early intervention in thermal runaway. This rapidly reduced the battery pack pressure to atmospheric levels and maintained the vehicle body temperature below 60 °C throughout the test—a 92.7% reduction in peak temperature compared to the overhead spray scenario—effectively suppressing the risks of chain explosions and fire spread. The study confirmed the floor spray system’s highly effective capability in preventing and controlling battery pack fires in the underbody, providing critical support for upgrading fire protection design and emergency response at charging stations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrolyte-Induced Compromises in Stability and Fire Safety of Ester-Based Immersed Liquid Coolant: Mechanisms and a Preliminary Exploration of Mitigation Strategies","authors":"Jinyong Ren,&nbsp;Jiaxin Guo,&nbsp;Yaohong Zhao,&nbsp;Yihua Qian,&nbsp;Dan Wang,&nbsp;Ying Tao,&nbsp;Ping Ping,&nbsp;Depeng Kong","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01950-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01950-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Immersion liquid cooling has garnered significant interest in electrochemical energy storage applications owing to its superior thermal dissipation efficiency and low energy consumption. Nevertheless, the potential safety hazards induced by electrolyte leakage remain a critical concern. In the study, electrolyte was introduced into ester-based immersion liquid coolant (EIC) as an additive to systematically investigate the influence on coolant stability and fire safety. The incorporation of electrolyte significantly compromised the stability of the coolant. Notably, the acid value of the EIC composite with 4 wt% electrolyte (EIC/E-4) surged from 0.0050 to 0.0122 mg KOH/g. Moreover, the flash point and ignition point of EIC/E-4 dropped sharply by 144.9 ℃ and 26.5 ℃, underscoring a pronounced enhancement in flammability. Combustion behavior assessments further revealed a drastic increase in mass loss rate, shortened burning duration, and elevated flame height and spread area. Product analysis elucidated that the carbonate solvents and LiPF₆ in the electrolyte exerted competing combustion-alleviating and combustion-inhibiting effects, respectively. Consequently, the work provides a new perspective for the safety implications of immersion liquid cooling for large-scale energy storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Prediction of Critical Smoke Properties in Tunnel Fires Using a Hybrid CNN-LSTM Network","authors":"Shiqiang Deng,&nbsp;Hao Ding,&nbsp;Maogui Sun,&nbsp;Chao Hu,&nbsp;Shuai Liu,&nbsp;Meng Yang,&nbsp;Shuping Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01949-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01949-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tunnel fires pose severe threats to life safety due to the rapid spread of toxic, high-temperature smoke. Effective ventilation control is critical for safe evacuation, yet designing optimal strategies requires a precise understanding of complex smoke behavior. This paper develops a hybrid deep learning model, integrating Convolutional and Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) networks, to achieve accurate prediction of key smoke properties including temperature, visibility, and smoke layer height under varied ventilation conditions. The model was trained on a comprehensive database of 204 fire scenarios generated through high-resolution CFD simulations. Small-scale tunnel fire tests validated the model’s performance, with results showing excellent agreement with experimental data. The model demonstrated high overall accuracy, with particularly outstanding performance for temperature and smoke layer height predictions, while visibility predictions remained at an acceptable level, consistently capturing overall trends. This AI-driven model demonstrates the potential for integration into future intelligent ventilation control systems, enabling dynamic smoke management and providing rapid, reliable predictions to support decision-making during tunnel fire emergencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal of a Simplified Method for the Prediction of Temperature Evolution in Steel Columns Embedded in Walls Under Fire Exposure","authors":"Manoel Inacio Gonçalves,&nbsp;Yagho de Souza Simões","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01947-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01947-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Current design standards for steel structures under fire conditions primarily focus on uniformly heated (isolated) columns. However, in most practical constructions, columns are embedded within compartmentation elements, such as walls, which exhibit a distinct thermo-mechanical behavior due to insulation effects. Eurocode 3 Part 1–2 provides a simplified method for estimating the temperature of such steel columns; nevertheless, it shows certain inconsistencies, since it is not applicable to all scenarios. This study proposes an updated method for calculating the temperature of steel columns embedded in walls during fire exposure, specifying separate equations for each column type. The methodology involved validating thermal and thermo-mechanical numerical models developed in ABAQUS, followed by a comparative analysis between the numerical thermal results and the temperature prediction normative method across various wall-embedded column configurations, steel profile dimensions, and wall thicknesses. The findings indicate the method proposed in Eurocode 3 Part 1–2 accurately reproduces only the numerical results for isolated columns exposed to fire on all four faces. Towards extending the predictive capability of the normative equation to columns embedded in walls, numerical adjustment coefficients were introduced and expressed through a set of linear equations, accounting for variations in wall-column configuration, wall thickness, and fire exposure conditions. The method showed a maximum temperature deviation of approximately 100 °C relative to numerical curves, ensuring structural safety while achieving closer agreement with the actual behavior. Overall, the approach offers potential for more efficient and economically viable structural designs without compromising safety under fire conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10694-026-01947-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of Thermal Runaway Impingement Forces and Temperature Aagainst Baffles in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery Packs","authors":"Peng Gao,&nbsp;Junyuan Li,&nbsp;Zhuangzhuang Jia,&nbsp;Zhixiang Cheng,&nbsp;Bang Tong,&nbsp;Mingwei Cao,&nbsp;Wenxin Mei,&nbsp;Peng Qin,&nbsp;Jinhua Sun,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Jin,&nbsp;Qingsong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01946-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01946-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the battery pack becomes more compact, it also raises concerns about safety issues. The high temperature jet fire of thermal runaway (TR) will be able to distort and damage the up-cover baffle of battery pack. However, research into the interaction between TR jets and upper cover plates is currently lacking, particularly with regard to measuring impact forces and temperatures. In this study, the TR experiments are performed and equipped with an up-cover baffle located above the safety valve. Considering the variables of LiNi_0.7Co_0.1Mn_0.2O₂ and LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ of cathode materials, gap distances, and states of charge (SOC), the impingement force and impact temperature to the baffle are investigated. Further, in order to link the impingement force with the internal TR mechanism, an estimation of internal temperature is proposed. The maximum impingement force is 15.06 N, and the maximum center temperature of baffle is 597.3 ℃ at 100% SOC for LiNi_0.7Co_0.1Mn_0.2O₂ battery with 2 cm gap. The impact temperature can significantly compromise the baffle’s strength. The interplay of these factors can culminate in the failure of the up-cover baffle. Furthermore, the impact force responds more rapidly than the surface temperature, and can serve as a sensitive indicator for TR monitoring. This study demonstrates that the pursuit of more compact and higher energy-density battery pack designs inevitably entails greater risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Appropriateness of Fire Dynamics Simulator for the Road Tunnel Smoke Control Problem","authors":"Conrad Stacey,&nbsp;Michael Beyer","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01933-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01933-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>NIST has made publicly available (in the FDS Validation Guide and on GitHub) Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) simulation results of the Memorial Tunnel fire tests. Those FDS results as provided by NIST can be analysed to extract a critical velocity value. That is done here, with comparison to the critical velocities observed and recorded during the Memorial Tunnel tests. The conclusion is that, for the region of interest (HRR above 30 MW), for the Memorial Tunnel cross section without the ceiling, FDS overpredicts critical velocity by 40% or so. The reasons for the overpredictions remain unknown to date, and so it is unclear how the underlying issues will affect tunnel systems different to the Memorial Tunnel. Consequently, from a practitioner’s point of view, FDS cannot be relied upon to accurately assess critical or confinement velocities in road tunnels as long as the underlying problem for the discussed overpredictions is not understood and not demonstrated to be appropriately resolved. If critical velocity cannot be estimated accurately, then FDS cannot be considered a reliable tool for modelling any other deviation from the balance between forced and natural convection that is fundamental to road tunnel smoke control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Evaluation of Marble Dust as a Sustainable Fire Suppression Agent in a Nitrogen-Pressurized Portable Extinguisher","authors":"Vargas Carmelo,&nbsp;Harvey Jeff Rico,&nbsp;James Patrick Meren,&nbsp;John Earl Tomaca,&nbsp;Mohammad Ryan Manaros,&nbsp;Christian Mortel,&nbsp;Jerome Gacu","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01953-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01953-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of sustainable fire suppression materials has gained increasing attention due to environmental and operational limitations associated with conventional extinguishing agents. This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing marble dust, which primarily consists of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), an abundant industrial byproduct, as a fire extinguishing agent in a nitrogen-pressurized portable fire extinguisher system. Controlled experiments were conducted using Class B (diesel) fires within a custom-built chamber. Three marble dust loading conditions (1.36 kg, 1.81 kg, and 2.27 kg) were evaluated based on extinguishing time, agent consumption, and reignition behavior. A commercial 2.27-kg dry chemical extinguisher was tested under identical conditions for benchmarking. Results indicate that all marble dust configurations successfully extinguished the fire and prevented reignition within the observation period. The 1.81-kg configuration achieved the fastest suppression (mean = 8.10 s), followed by the 2.27-kg (8.37 s) and 1.36-kg (8.83 s) configurations. Corresponding mean agent consumption values were 1.25 kg, 1.09 kg, and 0.9 kg, respectively. Statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that marble dust loading significantly influenced both extinguishing time and agent consumption (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Although the commercial dry chemical extinguisher demonstrated superior suppression speed (6.47 s), marble dust exhibited comparable material usage and consistent suppression performance without reignition. The observed fire suppression is primarily attributed to physical blanketing and heat absorption. Although CaCO₃ decomposition may theoretically contribute to CO₂ release at sufficiently high temperatures, this mechanism was not experimentally verified in the present study. These findings demonstrate the preliminary feasibility of marble dust as a sustainable fire suppression material for controlled small-scale Class B diesel fires. The results further highlight opportunities for valorizing industrial waste into potential fire suppression applications under controlled conditions, particularly in regions with abundant marble byproducts. Future work should focus on particle characterization, discharge optimization, and large-scale validation to improve system performance and applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire Preparedness Among Residents in High-Risk Urban Areas in China","authors":"Yachao Xiong,&nbsp;Hui Qi,&nbsp;Peng Ji,&nbsp;Zeyu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01948-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01948-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the increasing severity of fire risks in high-rise buildings in China and the significant inadequacy of residents’ response capabilities, studying individual preparedness behaviors among residents in fire-prone areas holds important theoretical and practical significance. Existing studies primarily focus on single dimensions such as knowledge dissemination or equipment adoption, lacking an integrated framework to reveal the complex systemic characteristics of preparedness behaviors, and failing to adequately capture the interactions of population heterogeneity with housing patterns and educational backgrounds. To address this gap, this study employed the Holistic Individual Preparedness Model (HIPM) framework to systematically assess fire preparedness (FP) among residents in Chinese cities with frequent building fires across six dimensions: knowledge reserve, survival security, loss minimization, social integration, technology integration, and adaptive capacity. Using 2145 valid questionnaires collected through stratified sampling, and applying multiple regression and path analysis, structural differences across these dimensions among different socioeconomic groups were revealed. The results indicate that the overall fire preparedness level is moderately low, with survival security and technology integration being the weakest aspects. In contrast, social integration and loss minimization perform relatively better. Furthermore, educational level is significantly positively correlated with knowledge reserves, but there is a skills gap among highly educated groups; homeowners perform better in survival preparation and loss minimization, yet display a false sense of security; residents on mid-level floors outperform those on lower and higher floors in social integration; and there is a disconnect between self-assessed adaptive capacity and actual preparedness. Based on these findings, differentiated intervention strategies targeting various groups are proposed to enhance the systematic and practical nature of fire preparedness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cathode Chemistry on In-Cell Thermal Runaway Propagation Under Non-Uniform Battery Temperatures","authors":"Yan Ding,&nbsp;Li Lu,&nbsp;Huangwei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01941-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01941-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are often subjected to non-uniform temperature conditions, significantly influencing their thermal runaway propagation (TRP) characteristics at the cell level. To elucidate the coupling between temperature gradient (TG) and cathode chemistry, this study develops a three-dimensional electrochemical–thermal model with a four-step reaction mechanism and employs the BatteryFOAM solver to investigate the TRP of LMO and NCA pouch cells under longitudinal TGs of 10–100 K/m. An idealized linear TG and a localized hotspot are established to analyze spatiotemporal thermophysical field evolution, while a Gaussian kernel density estimation method is introduced to quantify propagation speed distributions. Results reveal the dominant role of cathode chemistry. The NCA cell exhibits stable propagation under moderate TGs (17.5–23 mm/s) with low variance (0.21–0.53 m²/s²) and near-zero skewness, indicating symmetric and uniform propagation, but becomes highly heterogeneous at 100 K/m (variance 7.3 m²/s², skewness 5.1). In contrast, the LMO cell shows strong TG sensitivity, with propagation speed increasing from 7.5 mm/s to 19.3 mm/s, accompanied by high variance (4.2–14.1 m²/s²) and negative skewness (− 0.12 to − 0.97), reflecting inherent heterogeneity and asymmetry toward slower regions. KDE analysis further reveals a bimodal-to-unimodal transition in LMO speed distribution above 60 K/m. This work quantitatively clarifies distinct TRP behaviors under non-uniform thermal fields, offering theoretical guidance for cathode-oriented thermal safety design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}