Journal of the Scientific Society最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge and attitude toward dental stem cells among dental professionals: A questionnaire study","authors":"L. S. Sai Lakshmi, Nadeem Jeddy, T. Radhika, S. Amutha, W. Gnanasagar","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_117_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_117_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental stem cells (DSCs) derived from tooth structures refer to adult stem cells. DSCs can be used to regenerate both dental tissues and nondental organs. DSC research is progressing at a rapid pace and hence it is imperative for dental professionals to possess adequate knowledge and a favorable attitude toward the same. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of dental professionals toward DSCs. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based survey was conducted on a sample of 200 dental professionals from various dental colleges in Chennai. The questionnaire included a total of 15 questions to assess the knowledge and attitude toward DSCs. The Pearson's Chi-square test and percentages of the total were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 200 dental professionals completed the questionnaire survey; of which 42 (21%) were male and 158 (78%) were female. Maximum respondents were intern (n = 92, 46%), followed by dental practitioners (DP) (n = 58, 29%) and postgraduates (n = 50, 25%). Around 182 (91%) dental professionals are aware of the term stem cells. Overall, 66% of dental participants were not aware of ethical considerations and guidelines related to DSCs given by the Indian Council of Medical Research. The majority of dental participants (83%) were interested in attending workshop/conference/Continuing Dental Education (CDE) program on applications of stem cells. Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a generalized awareness of the term “DSCs” among the study participants. However, there was a huge lacuna in the knowledge of its types, ethical considerations, and the concept of stem cell banking and DSC banks in India. The results of the current study emphasize the need for improvement in knowledge of DSCs for dental professionals by promoting more CDE programs focusing on this subject.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"347 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42922795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, clinical profile, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of hyperglycemia in pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital in South India","authors":"Romana Khursheed, Jayanth Shivalingappa, Arif Maldar, A. Dalal","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_65_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_65_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) is an umbrella term for any degree of carbohydrate intolerance in pregnancy which carries risk of transgenerational transfer of metabolic disorders. The present observational study was carried out to know the prevalence, clinical profile, and maternal and perinatal outcome in different categories of HIP, in a South Indian setup. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out for 1 year at KAHER's Dr Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital, Belagavi in South India. The HIP was diagnosed by Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India criteria and further categorized into gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational glucose intolerance (GGI), and diabetes in pregnancy (DIP). The prevalence, clinical profile, and maternal and perinatal outcome were analyzed in three groups. Results: The prevalence of HIP among pregnant population was found to be 17.47% in 1 year. 222 women (75.5%) had GDM, followed by 49 (17%) and 23 women (8%) presented with GGI and DIP, respectively. The maternal outcomes among HIP were cesarean delivery 230 (78.2), preterm labor 53 (18.02%), preeclampsia 50 (17.01%), premature rupture of membranes 34 (11.56%), and infections 33 (11.22%). The perinatal outcome recorded were neonatal intensive care unit admissions in 107 neonates (36.39%), hyperbilirubinemia in 44 neonates (15%), hypoglycemia in 79 neonates (26.8%), respiratory distress syndrome in 43 neonates (14.46%), and macrosomia in 44 fetuses (15%). Conclusion: Degree of hyperglycemia affects pregnancy outcomes. Continued surveillance of women in preconceptional, antenatal, and postnatal period ensures early diagnosis and management of glucose intolerance and helps in delaying the onset of overt diabetes.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"265 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46201207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic structural changes in osteoarthritic menisci of the human knee joint","authors":"S. Yadav, V. Shirol, R. Chavan, Shilpa Bhimalli","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_93_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_93_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease for which there is currently no cure. It is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and changes in other joint tissues, including subchondral (substance) bone and menisci. It is one of the leading causes of chronic disability. Patients affected by this disease experience pain and loss of function. OA can be caused by a variety of factors, including diet, injury, stress, and genetic abnormalities. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the disease onset and progression are not fully understood. Therefore, this study is undertaken to estimate a large number of human OA menisci for microscopical structural changes in osteoarthritic menisci by histological techniques. Materials and Methods: Medial and lateral osteoarthritic menisci were collected from 110 human knee joints. After collecting the meniscal samples were stored in 10% formalin for 3–5 days. For each meniscus, three separate (anterior, middle, and posterior) parts were processed. The menisci were sectioned in two places vertically at 45° and 135° angles relative to the sagittal plane. After that, each part was sectioned along the horizontal plane from the inner border to the outer border. Then, tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 24 h. Tissue samples were brought in for routine tissue processing and studied for histological stain with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and Alcian blue pH 2.5, to find surface integrity, cellularity, fibrous organization and collagen orientation, and mucoid degeneration. Results: Meniscal degeneration begins with the tissue material rather than the surface. Tissue fibrillation and tears were first observed at the inner border, spread over time to the articular surface of the meniscus, and progressed to complete destruction or loss of meniscal tissue. The left side knee menisci have more OA than the right side. OA cases were more common in both legs, in the age group 60–69 years. Women and Hindus have higher OA cases than men and other religions, respectively. Nonvegetarian and physically inactive individuals were more susceptible to OA, and B +ve and O +ve were more prone to OA than other blood groups. Conclusion: Significant cellular and matrix differences were observed in the meniscus during degeneration. These findings may contribute to further understanding of knee OA and the search for biological treatments. OA was associated with religions, family history, dietary habits, exercise, blood types, and age groups. Hence, there is a need for a program on the care of dietary habits and physical activities for reducing the progression of OA.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"310 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46700440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions about nonpharmacological interventions in the prevention of COVID-19 in the field practice area of jawaharlal nehru medical college","authors":"N. Manimaran, Deepti M. Kadeangadi, Aniketh D. Manoli, M. Shivaswamy, Anjali Patil","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_81_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_81_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic is a major global public health threat. Coronavirus includes a large group of viruses, which infects both humans and animals. China reported the outbreak on December 31, 2019, to World Health Organization. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, has published nonpharmacological interventions such as social distancing, zonal lockdown, rolling lockdown, wearing masks, and washing hands to combat the spread of COVID-19. The present study was conducted to assess the perceptions of people about nonpharmacological interventions in the prevention of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A facility-based study was conducted among 220 participants from December 01, 2020, to February 28, 2021, among outpatients in the field practice area of urban primary health care Rukmini Nagar, under the administrative control of J. N. Medical College in Belagavi district, Karnataka. Results: A total of 220 participants were interviewed and analyzed for the study. Out of which, 36 (16.4%) were male and 184 (83.6%) were female. One hundred and seventy (77.2%) of the participants practiced good hand hygiene and personal hygiene. One hundred and forty-five (65.9%) of the participants always wore a face mask, when they were going outside. One hundred and eighty-one (82.2%) of the participants started drinking more fluids in the form of water compared with normal days. Conclusion: There was a lack of awareness about face protection and the use of hand sanitizer among the common public. Grassroots level health-care workers such as Accredited Social Health Activist, Anganwadi workers, and community volunteers should be trained for giving health education about nonpharmacological interventions to the public for COVID-19 prevention.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"284 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43584447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameloblastoma, a tumor with an infamous notoriety for recurrence","authors":"M. Jagtap, S. Shukla, D. Nair","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_115_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_115_22","url":null,"abstract":"Ameloblastoma is a locally invasive epithelial tumor of odontogenic origin comprising 1% or less of the cystic lesions and tumors arising in the jaws. It is a lesion most commonly seen in the molar region of the mandibular ramus. Ameloblastomas can be both benign and malignant and this can be differentiated by certain unique morphological features. In the older histology nomenclature, the term “adamantinoma” was used instead of ameloblastoma. The chances of recurrence can be high or low depending upon the surgical management. Curettages are associated with high recurrence rates while wide local excision tends to reduce recurrences.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"352 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41918793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating geriatric competencies in the undergraduate medical education","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancements in science and the field of medicine, it has become a reality that people are living longer in contrast to the earlier trends of life expectancy. The current review was carried out to explore the integration of geriatric competencies in the medical education curriculum. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of five articles were selected based upon the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. As it is quite obvious that in the years to come all the medical doctors will encounter a large number of elderly patients with physical, psychological, and other social concerns, it becomes indispensable to expose them to different geriatric competencies during the undergraduate period of training. We must also accept that elderly population requires a different approach and the better and long-term approach will be to expose the undergraduate medical students in this domain and prepare them for their future clinical practice. This integration into the existing curriculum has to start with the formulation of geriatric competencies that need to be covered in the undergraduation period followed by curriculum mapping. In conclusion, regardless of the rise in the number of the elderly, the medical education imparted to undergraduate medical students lacks alignment. This calls for the need to expose the medical students to different learning experiences in geriatrics and prepare them to not only meet the specific needs of the elderly but also address the concern of shortage of geriatricians.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"221 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42480873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximal medical therapy in extensive subdural empyema of the brain and spinal cord","authors":"Fotis G. Souslian, Tariq Janjua, L. Moscote-Salazar","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_116_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_116_22","url":null,"abstract":"Severe subdural empyema (SDE) involving both the brain and spinal cord can be a life-threatening condition if not treated properly. We describe a malnourished patient with extensive spinal and intracranial SDE, whose poor prognosis prompted palliative care consultation. Surgical options were not possible. However, following maximal medical therapy, the patient's condition resolved completely in 1 year. This case highlights the important relationship between neurocritical care medical management and infection when surgical options are not possible.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"356 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48439468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus disease 2019-associated mucormycosis of the head-and-neck area: A new rise of dreaded black fungus in the current pandemic","authors":"S. Swain, P. Jena","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_56_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_56_21","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently evolving and associated with more complications with invasive fungal infection like mucormycosis. Classically, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) and other immunosuppressive conditions like corticosteroid therapy are known risk factors for causing mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients. Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection which rapidly spread to the orbit and brain from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Mucormycosis in COVID-19 is a fatal to the patient. There is possibility of COVID-19 as a trigger factor for diabetic ketoacidosis which predisposes to invasive fungal infections such as mucormycosis. Patients with poorly controlled DM and immunocompromised conditions increase the risk for development of COVID-19 infections in COVID-19 patients. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, a myriad of clinical manifestations and complications are emerged. Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is a fatal clinical entity associated with COVID-19 infections resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. The treatment includes both medical and surgical interventions. It requires early and adequate treatment with amphotericin B and surgical debridement and control of risk factors. A multidisciplinary approach by otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, neurologists, and dentists is successful for treatment of COVID-19 patients with mucormycosis in the head-and-neck region. Identification of the risk factors and early preventive measures will minimize the incidence of life-threatening mucormycosis in the head-and-neck area of COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"223 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45656167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing training of undergraduate medical students in mental health competencies","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_62_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_62_21","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health has been acknowledged an integral component of maintenance of optimal health of individuals and communities. The purpose of the current review was to explore the teaching practices for mental health competencies and strengthen the same in undergraduate teaching period. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and a total of 19 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Amid the shortage of trained psychiatrists, it becomes an indispensable need that undergraduate medical students are trained in specific competencies in the subject so that they are empowered to manage basic psychiatric illnesses, especially at the primary level of health care. If we can train our medical undergraduate students, it will turn out to be the most cost-effective and feasible approach to meet the needs of the rural and remote sections of the society. As the imparted mental health training is grossly inadequate or incomplete, it is a must that we take specific steps to improve the existing scenario. In conclusion, psychiatry is an essential and integral component of medical training in the undergraduation period. However, the subject lacks the desired attention under the present circumstances, and thus there is an indispensable need to improve the training and assessment of psychiatric competencies so that students become competent in discharging their future clinical roles.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"242 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48376626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jigsaw technique: An innovative teaching strategy in anatomy","authors":"Suma Dnyanesh, Sheetal V Pattanshetti, Shilpa Bhimalli, Daksha Dixit","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: (1) To motivate students for self-directed learning and to enhance their communication skills. (2) To investigate jigsaw technique for its effectiveness in learning anatomy. Cooperative education is the prime aim of this teaching–learning intervention. The students rely on each other for a collective or combined learning experience. The onus of responsibility of the work done by the student and his/her team will be evaluated by the facilitator. We would like to know whether jigsaw cooperative learning would be considered as effective interventional teaching-learning measure compared to the traditional lecture method. Materials and Methods: Sixty students of first MBBS were involved in a jigsaw session to learn anatomy. The students were divided into groups of five and a total of 12 such groups were made. The study material was also divided into five topics. The students read the study material and after becoming well versed with their topic, they taught their topic to other students. The students were asked to give feedback on the session. A surprise MCQ test was also conducted between this group and a control group of students to assess their knowledge. The results of the MCQ test were statistically analyzed. Results: The students found the jigsaw session to be more engaging than traditional classes. MCQ scores were more in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: The jigsaw technique is both an educational and enjoyable way of teaching. Due to its immense benefits, both students and teachers resolved to use this technique in the future as well.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"322 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41693612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}