Journal of the Scientific Society最新文献

{"title":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis","authors":"Cyril Sajan, Varunsingh Saggu, Maitri Mahant, Dilsar Gohel, Foram Bhatt, Elizabeth Jacob","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_294_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_294_22","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively uncommon but important cause of stroke-like disease, accounting for fewer than 1% of all strokes. CVST is more common in females and infants. CVST patients are most common in the third decade, with a female-to-male ratio of 5:1.5. The incidence of CVST has been found to be high in developing countries, particularly in South-East Asia. Headache is the most prevalent clinical sign of CVST, occurring in 88% to 93% of patients, followed by a seizure in 37% to 71%, focal neurological deficit in 20% to 54%, and isolated increased intracranial pressure in 23%.[1] A 34-year-old male came to the tertiary care hospital with complaints of headache, vomiting, and vertigo for 1 day. Headache is insidious, progressive, nonradiating, holocephalic, severe in intensity and associated with vertigo and dizziness, and giddiness, he also complained about nausea and vomiting (10–12 episodes/day) containing food and water. The patient had no family history but has been chronic tobacco chewer for 10 years. Past medical history revealed that he was admitted to the hospital before for the same complaints and he also had right lower vein deep-vein thrombosis 6 months back. His magnetic imaging resonance reports and protein S and C deficiency reports revealed that he was suffering from CVST. He was prescribed with anticoagulants and other supportive treatments that include antiemetic, analgesics, and multivitamins, which cause faster and better recovery of patients.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"30 1","pages":"417 - 419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training medical students in cognitive, intrapersonal, and interpersonal domain competencies: Existing challenges and role of medical teachers","authors":"Saurabh Ram Bihari Shrivastava, Mira Duan Raharjo, Bayu Pratama, Tasi'ah Nur, Nurul Maziyyah, K. Pratidina, Achcia Maliny, Yanuarti Retnaningrum","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_178_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_178_22","url":null,"abstract":"The medical students of the current generation are expected to perform a wide range of activities targeted toward the acquisition of a multitude of skills and the attainment of various learning competencies. The purpose of the current review is to explore the challenges in the cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal domains, and to propose an educational plan to respond to the challenges defined in the cognitive domain. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines and a total of 39 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include critical thinking and medical education in the title alone only. The findings of a committee reported that a successful health-care professional will essentially require competence in three domains, namely cognitive, intrapersonal, and interpersonal domain. However, the careful analysis of the medical education delivery system across different parts of the world suggests that we are falling short in our efforts to adequately expose medical students' to these competencies. In the global mission to improve the quality of health-care delivery, we have to take specific measures to ensure the attainment of the desired competencies, and the involvement of teachers will be crucial. In conclusion, considering the dynamism in the health sector, it is the responsibility of educators to enhance the attainment of cognitive competencies of the students. Further, students should be encouraged to reflect, and experiential learning should be regularly practiced to equip the students with intrapersonal skills. Finally, we also have to focus on the attainment of interpersonal competencies, as it prepares them to work as effective members of the team.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"134 1","pages":"293 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139343855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newer prospects of regenerative endodontics: A comprehensive and updated review of literature","authors":"M. Khan, M. Jindal","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_214_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_214_22","url":null,"abstract":"In pediatric dental patients, the management of nonvital immature teeth with undeveloped root in endodontic practice pose difficult and cumbersome clinical situations or challenges for the dental practitioners owing to the various factors, namely, the shorter root with thinner dentinal walls and the lack of apical closure make the affected tooth difficult to obturate conventionally and also make more vulnerable to root fracture. Conventionally, apexification and later apical barrier/plug endodontic modalities have been widely undertaken for such affected teeth. However, such treatment approaches have several intrinsic shortcomings such as uncertain long-term treated tooth prognosis. Since recent years, a biologically based therapeutic endodontic approach known as regenerative endodontic therapy has been or being extensively explored or studied to overcome the drawbacks of previous conventional treatment modalities and also to improve the long-term prognosis of the affected immature nonvital teeth in children and adolescents. Regenerative endodontics is a rapidly evolving subject and also a promising treatment modality for the scientific researchers and clinicians, respectively. Hence, the present article aims to comprehensively and critically appraise the recent literature pertaining to regenerative endodontic procedures. The relevant literature regarding the regenerative endodontics was searched in electronic databases. The articles were retrieved using Boolean operators with relevant keywords/Medical Subject Headings. The included relevant articles were critically appraised in the present review. The latest important aspects of regenerative endodontic have been described in a systematic manner for its better understanding and deeper insights for the general and pediatric dental professionals.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"27 1","pages":"299 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139343860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of serum prostate-specific antigen with gleason's score/grade group in prostate cancers and their histopathological findings: A 4-year retrospective study at a tertiary care center","authors":"Ritu Sharma, Megha Bansal, H. Sharma, Nikhilesh Kumar, Vinish, Monika Gupta, Manju Sirohi","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_75_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_75_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used as a screening method in different prostatic pathology including prostate cancer. The malignant potential of prostate cancer is associated with tumor volume at diagnosis and studies of the correlation between serum PSA levels and Gleason's grading which remains one of the most powerful predictors of prostate cancer. Aim: To correlate serum PSA and Gleason's score/Group grade in various neoplastic prostatic biopsies and to study their histopathological findings at a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This study uses PSA as a screening tool and to correlate serum PSA level to Gleason scores/group grades in various neoplastic and nonneoplastic prostatic biopsies, received at the Department of Pathology, T. S. Misra Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow during 4 years from June 2016 to July 2020. Results: The mean serum PSA value in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) without prostatitis cases was 1.80 ng/ml and BPH with prostatitis was 5.86 and in malignant cases was 55.2 ng/ml. Serum PSA in the range of 0–4 ng/ml was significantly associated with benign lesions and a value of more than 20 ng/ml was significantly associated with malignant lesions. The most frequent Gleason score was 7 and Grade group II was the highest in number. The highest incidence of malignancies and prostatic hyperplasia occurred among the 60–69 years of age group. PSA values increased significantly (P < 0.05) in prostatic carcinoma cases (Group grade II and III). Conclusion: PSA is a valid, sensitive, and early screening method for the diagnosis of both neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the prostate. PSA values correlated significantly with Gleason's score/grade groups of prostatic carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"2019 1","pages":"351 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokines and inflammatory markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A narrative review","authors":"Sujal Patel, Shilpa Bawankule, S. Acharya, Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_237_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_237_22","url":null,"abstract":"Increased liver fat content is a hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a group of histological abnormalities. It has been proposed that these alterations in hepatic and systemic inflammation may be connected and that the presence of fat deposition in the liver is crucial for the diagnosis of NAFLD. Uncertainty surrounds whether each histological category reflects an unlike disease or merely various stages of the same disease may alter the pathogenesis and prognosis of NAFLD. A considerable activation of inflammatory cells and an increase of a variety of soluble inflammatory mediators are characteristics of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The most inflammatory NAFLD has a higher risk of developing into serious and chronic liver disease. Among other mediators, cytokines and chemokines may be important in NAFLD and are being researched as possible treatment targets. In this review, we will update our understanding of the potential impact that cytokines and chemokines may have in the emergence of NAFLD.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"307 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical robot and its impact on health-care services","authors":"Rajendra Nerli, S. Ghagane, Dayananda Melanahalli","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_389_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_389_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"25 1","pages":"279 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inconspicuous suprascapular arteriovenous malformation causing suprascapular nerve entrapment: Unique case report","authors":"Varun Nimje, Shubham Bodhankar, Tushar Yadav","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_21_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_21_22","url":null,"abstract":"Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital high-flow vascular malformations and are generally diagnosed when they cause localized swelling, pulsatility, or skin changes. AVMs only manifest themselves when they are sufficiently large. We present a case of a young woman presenting with nonspecific pain over the posterior aspect of the left shoulder that was found to be due to suprascapular nerve entrapment caused by an unremarkable AVM. Entrapment of the suprascapular nerve as a cause of shoulder pain is in itself unusual. That being said, AVM is even rarer and uncommon as a cause of suprascapular nerve entrapment.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"19 1","pages":"404 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effect of conventional nasal packing and merocel packing following deviated septal surgeries","authors":"F. John, R. Valli, T. Kiren","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_35_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_35_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Nasal packs are necessary after nasal surgery for hemostasis and internal stabilization of bony and cartilaginous structures. Aims: The study was done to compare the outcomes of conventional nasal packing and Merocel packing in terms of the middle ear pressure, mucociliary clearance, patient comfort, and complication. Settings and Design: A prospective study was conducted among 40 patients in a tertiary care center for 18 months. Subjects and Methods: The patients between 18 and 50 years and who underwent septal surgery were included in the study. The patients with any history of ciliary dysfunction, who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery with septoplasty, and any middle ear diseases were excluded from the study. The patients were divided into Group 1, which had conventional nasal pack and Group 2, which had Merocel postoperatively. All the patients were assessed with impedance audiometry and sacchrin test preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 2 and 4 weeks and these were compared between the 2 groups. During pack removal, pain and bleeding and postoperative complications were also compared between the groups. Statistical Analysis Used: The difference between the two-group comparison student t-tests, the differences between the right and left sides of the same tests paired t-test. The association/difference between categorical variables Chi-square test was calculated at a 5% level of significance. Results: Group 1 and Group 2 had a mean age of 38.47 and 37.47, respectively. Gender predisposition in Group 2 is 1:1 and in Group 1 is 3:2. The middle ear pressure returns to normal by 2nd week in Group 2 compared to Group 1, which improved by 4th week (P < 0.05). The mucociliary clearance reverts to normal by 1st week in Group 2 and 4th week in Group 1 (P = 0.0001) was statistically significant. Group 2 had lesser pain scores assessed using visual analog scores (P = 0.0001) and less bleeding (P = 0.01), which was statistically significant. Group 2 has fewer postoperative complications. Conclusions: The conventional and Merocel packs were both effective packs. In terms of mucociliary clearance, the middle ear pressure Merocel packing was better, and conventional nasal packing had more incidence in terms of postoperative complications.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"46 1","pages":"389 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of YouTube in supplementing medical education and patient care","authors":"Saurabh Ram Bihari Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_84_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_84_22","url":null,"abstract":"Significant paradigm shifts and reforms have been reported in the field of medical education delivery worldwide depending on the changing health-care needs of the community and the demands of medical students. The purpose of the current review is to explore the role of YouTube in facilitating the delivery of medical education and improving clinical practice on the global platform. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines and a total of 49 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Keywords used in the search include YouTube, social media, and medical education in the title alone only. Being a freely available platform that can be accessed by anyone, YouTube has emerged as a platform that can be looked upon as an option to combine different kinds of educational resources for the benefit of medical students. In addition, the introduction of YouTube as a learning resource material has played a significant role in improving confidence levels, better acquisition of knowledge, and improved levels of satisfaction among students. To conclude, social networking sites like YouTube have emerged as one of the popular tools of information and educational material for the benefit of medical students and health-care professionals. Realizing the potential of the platform, it is high time that specific steps are taken to integrate YouTube into the medical curriculum and help students and health-care professionals to acquire knowledge and clinical skills.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"469 1","pages":"282 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer victimization of Indian students: Prevalence and correlates","authors":"Malhi Prahbhjot, Manjit Sidhu, Bhavneet Bharti","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_221_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_221_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To examine the overlap of traditional and cyber victimization and the relationship between victimization and self-esteem of college and university students. Methodology: The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey design to measure the self-reported experiences of peer victimization of higher education students. The multidimensional bullying and cyberbullying scale and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used to measure traditional and cyber victimization and self-esteem, respectively. The study was cleared by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Results: A total of 854 complete responses were included in the study (mean age = 21.6 years, standard deviation = 3.55) and a little more than three-fourths of the participants were females (76.7%). The overall prevalence of victimization of any type of bullying was 44.6%. Offline victimization was more common and overall, 40.9% reported being victimized offline, while 23.3% reported being victimized online in the last 3 months, respectively. There was considerable overlap between various types of victimization, and the correlations between cyberbullying, physical, verbal, and relational bullying were moderate (range 0.41–0.56). Most were bullied by known people and friends (28.1%). Only a small proportion considered reporting the bullying to the authorities (10.7%). No link between problematic technology use and cyber victimization was found. A one-way Analysis of variance revealed that victims of both types of bullying had the lowest self-esteem score (F = 9.04, P = 0.0001). Conclusions: Public health policymakers need to focus on positive youth development to foster resilience in the face of adversity and help young adults to thrive and flourish in a rapidly expanding and evolving digital world.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"11 1","pages":"368 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}