Jiwon Lee, Heajin Choi, Hyunjoo Hur, Serim Park, Jisun Lee, Jaehoon Chun
{"title":"3D-printed textiles as sustainable alternatives to animal skins: Development and application","authors":"Jiwon Lee, Heajin Choi, Hyunjoo Hur, Serim Park, Jisun Lee, Jaehoon Chun","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00460-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00460-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the development and application of 3D-printed textiles as sustainable and ethical alternatives to animal skins in fashion. Using accessible FDM 3D printing technology and materials such as TPU, ABS, and PLA, the research reproduces the visual and tactile qualities of crocodile, snake, and zebra skins. Through iterative modeling, material testing, and garment application, the study evaluates aesthetic fidelity, printability, and wearability. The results demonstrate that 3D printing enables flexible pattern design, material customization, and ethical production without post-processing or high-end equipment. While challenges such as limited print size, adhesion issues, and wearability constraints were identified, practical solutions—such as Z-offset tuning, seam optimization, and fabric integration—were proposed. The study not only presents an alternative to animal-derived leather but also suggests a new design-driven methodology that integrates technology, aesthetics, and sustainability. It offers practical insights for small-scale studios, fashion educators, and sustainable brands, and contributes to academic discourse by shifting focus from functional materials to design-driven applications of 3D printing textile in fashion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00460-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body shape and bust variations by ethnicity and BMI using SizeUSA data","authors":"MyungHee Sohn, Dong-Eun Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00456-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00456-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines variations in body shape and bust-related measurements, focusing on bust, waist, and hip dimensions while also considering the influence of BMI and ethnicity. Employing a quantitative approach, it analyzes anthropometric data of 2,750 women aged 26–45 from the SizeUSA database. The sample includes the following ethnicities: White, Black, Asian, non-Mexican Hispanic, and Mexican Hispanic. Variations in body measurements, BMI, and bra cup sizes across these groups are statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, cluster analysis, and chi-square tests. Body shape analysis reveals three shape clusters; Triangle shape (larger hips compared to upper body with moderate bra cup size), Rectangle shape (smaller waist–hip differences with a moderate cup size), and Inverted Triangle shape (larger upper body compared to hips with a large cup size). Each ethnic group exhibited distinct body shape patterns as follows: The Triangle group comprised a higher percentage of Black and White populations. The Rectangle group comprised a predominantly Asian population, while the Mexican Hispanics and non-Mexican Hispanics dominated the Inverted Triangle group. This study highlights trends in bra cup sizes across weight categories and suggests potential correlations between the former and body shape types. It contributes insights into the relationships among ethnicity, BMI, and bust-related measurements; identifies specific body shape clusters and bra size distributions; and offers valuable information in designing inclusive and well-fitted foundation garments for a diverse population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00456-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147339569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyu Oh Kim, Gopiraman Mayakrishnan, Azeem Ullah, Ick Soo Kim
{"title":"Inhalation toxicity and skin irritation assessment of PVDF nanofiber-based breath mask filters","authors":"Kyu Oh Kim, Gopiraman Mayakrishnan, Azeem Ullah, Ick Soo Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00454-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00454-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The widespread adoption of nanofiber-based filtration systems, particularly in personal protective equipment, has drawn attention due to their exceptional filtration efficiency, high surface area, and structural similarity to biological membranes. However, despite their rapid commercialization, safety evaluation standards specific to nanofiber filters, especially those used in respiratory masks, remain limited. This gap raises concerns about potential health risks associated with prolonged inhalation exposure. The objective of this study was to assess the biological safety of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber filters used in commercial respiratory masks. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive in vivo evaluation involving skin irritation, intradermal reactivity, hemolysis, and a 30-day inhalation toxicity study using Wistar rats. Histopathological analysis of major organs, particularly the lungs, was performed to assess potential tissue-level effects. Key findings revealed no signs of dermal toxicity, systemic inflammation, or red blood cell hemolysis. Body weight and behavior remained stable throughout the exposure period, and histological examination showed no evidence of lung tissue damage or nanofiber accumulation. These results indicate that PVDF nanofiber filters are biocompatible and safe for respiratory applications. The findings support their continued use in protective masks and emphasize the importance of standardized safety evaluations for nanomaterial-based filtration devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00454-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147338452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of internal psychological factors on flow experience and purchase intention on fashion Instagram","authors":"Jasung Goo, Sanghee An","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00453-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00453-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent studies indicate that Instagram fashion influencers shape follower engagement, promote sales, and build trust through product endorsements. However, prior research has primarily emphasized content features and purchase intention, with limited attention to the internal psychological mechanisms that mediate lifestyle and flow experience, particularly the role of influencer evaluation. This study examined South Korean women’s receptivity to fashion advertising by analyzing how lifestyle, influencer evaluation, and flow experience shape purchase intention, with self-presentation and the influencer’s attitude toward life serving as moderating factors. An online survey of 780 South Korean women aged 20–59 years was conducted, and the data were analyzed for reliability, validity, structural equation modeling, parameter estimation, and moderated mediation effects. The results show that lifestyle types differ in their valuation of expertise, honesty, and flow. Display-oriented lifestyles directly enhance flow experience, whereas perceived expertise and honesty mediate the relationship between lifestyle and flow. A high level of actual self-presentation promotes a preference for honesty and strengthens the association between flow experience and purchase intention, while a low level of ideal self-presentation emphasizes expertise and honesty. This study advances understanding of women’s fashion consumption psychology, offers a framework for personalized marketing strategies, and highlights the role of flow experience in shaping consumption behavior within social networking services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00453-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147338334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acorn shell extract as a potential functional finishing agent for textile applications","authors":"Kyung Hwa Hong","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00455-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00455-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amid growing environmental concerns, agricultural and food industry by-products are increasingly recognized as valuable resources for innovative and sustainable solutions to issues related to ecological preservation and resource-utilization efficiency across various industries. Acorn (<i>Quercus variabilis</i>) shells are rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, which exhibit well-documented antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. However, they are typically discarded during food processing, and their potential as a source of bioactive compounds remains underexplored. Therefore, the primary aim of this research was to develop a bio-based approach for utilizing acorn shell extract. Bioactive compounds were recovered from acorn shells through aqueous extraction, and the extract was characterized to determine its chemical composition and functional potential. The extract was then applied to cotton fabrics at different concentrations using a pad–dry–cure technique. The treated fabrics were evaluated for colorimetric attributes, surface morphology, chemical interactions, and biofunctional performance, including antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The results confirmed that the extract was effectively deposited onto the cotton surface, imparting distinct coloration and functional enhancement. Moreover, the intensity of these effects increased with increasing extract concentrations. These findings highlight the potential of acorn shell extract as a bio-based treatment agent for producing more environmentally conscious textile treatments, while also providing a possible means of utilizing an underused agricultural by-product.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00455-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What makes it a dupe? Exploring consumer understanding of legally copied products in the fashion industry","authors":"William Kim, Jung E. Ha-Brookshire","doi":"10.1186/s40691-026-00457-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-026-00457-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Legally copied products (LCPs) (e.g., dupes; Walmart's Wirkin) have been a persistent structural limitation in the United States' legal regime governing fashion design, generating consumer confusion in the marketplace. However, while the United States court infers the likelihood of consumer confusion, using a multi-factor framework, it remains unclear how consumers empirically perceive confusion due to design similarities, and their similarity assessment procedures follow the legal framework. To fill this gap, this study conducted two studies within the legal framework: a qualitative study (Study 1) and an empirical investigation of consumer confusion (Study 2). Study 1 identified the key design factors that consumers use to distinguish LCPs: color schemes and monogram designs. Based on Study 1's findings and legal cases pertinent to fashion trademarks in the U.S., Study 2 found that minimal modifications to low-end LCPs increased participants' confusion. The study's findings provide empirical evidence on LCPs in the fashion industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-026-00457-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AI tools and fashion design education: instructor perspectives on student challenges and design process tool support","authors":"Hyosun An, Minjung Park","doi":"10.1186/s40691-025-00452-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-025-00452-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite growing interest in artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education, research on its pedagogical integration in fashion design education remains limited, with most studies focusing on the technical aspects of AI tools rather than their instructional roles or educational implications. This study explores how AI tools can be effectively integrated into fashion design education by examining student challenges, AI-supported learning competencies, and instructional considerations from the perspectives of instructors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 university-level instructors from South Korea and the United States who have experience teaching fashion design-related courses. Thematic analysis is employed to examine the educational roles of AI in supporting students across the various design process stages. Findings identify four primary areas where students commonly face difficulties: initial design planning, ideation and creative exploration, technical garment construction, and communication and feedback adaptation. This study presents a pedagogical framework that illustrates how AI tools, including large language models, image generators, simulations, and feedback systems, can enhance visualization, creative thinking, and student engagement. This framework aligns student challenges, AI tool functionalities, and instructional strategies across four stages of the design process—problem definition, ideation and refinement, prototype development, and evaluation—offering practical guidance for the intentional integration of AI in fashion design education that promotes learner autonomy and human–AI collaboration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-025-00452-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fleeting yet unique: exploring the effects of ephemerality and social media usage on consumer reactions in pop-up stores","authors":"Yu Jin Liu, Jin Hwa Lee","doi":"10.1186/s40691-025-00451-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-025-00451-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pop-up stores have emerged as a key innovative model in the fashion retail industry because of their ephemerality and distinctiveness. Despite significant interest in the allure of pop-up stores, systematic investigations into how the specific elements of ephemerality influence consumer behavior remain scarce. This study integrates the dimensions of time limitedness, product quantity scarcity, and experiential exclusivity to examine how these aspects of ephemerality influence consumer reactions through perceived uniqueness, including in terms of electronic word-of-mouth, purchase intention, and brand loyalty. This study, which targeted Millennial and Generation Z consumers, involved the collection of 345 valid responses, and structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis were employed for validation. The findings identify experiential exclusivity as the most crucial driver of perceived uniqueness, followed by time limitedness and product quantity scarcity. Perceived uniqueness significantly predicts positive outcomes in terms of eWOM and PI, although its impact on BL is less pronounced. Multigroup analysis further reveals that social media usage moderates the relationship between ephemerality and consumer reactions, thus leading to significant differences in path relationships across varying levels of usage. This research validates the mediating role of PU in this context, extends the applicability of scarcity theory, and offers practical implications for efforts to develop precise marketing strategies for pop-up stores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-025-00451-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical decoding of layer sequencing effects on impact resistance in multilayer high performance fabric panels-the critical role of yarn density, failure strain and modulus","authors":"Canyi Huang, Lina Cui","doi":"10.1186/s40691-025-00422-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-025-00422-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to the critical demand for exploring and optimizing impact-resistant performance of hybrid-layer fabric panels in protective engineering applications, this study systematically investigates the low-velocity impact response mechanisms of hybrid-layer fabric panels through comprehensive parametric analysis. The developed finite element model innovatively integrates three key material characteristics (yarn density, failure strain, and longitudinal modulus) to establish optimal design of hybrid-layer panels. The findings reveal three groundbreaking design principles for hybrid-layer fabric panels: (1) Gradient optimization strategy demonstrating that decreasing yarn density from impact surface of fabric panel achieves highest energy absorption; (2) Hybrid-failure-strain fabric panel in which the middle layer possessed the greatest failure strain achieving the best improvement in impact-resistant performance; (3) Fabric arrangement according to decreasing yarn modulus from impact surface of fabric panel resulted in the highest energy absorption capacity. These fundamental discoveries advance the theoretical framework for protective material design in impact engineering, providing guidelines for developing next-generation protective systems in body armor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-025-00422-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immersive VR fashion shopping: when and how mental imagery shapes consumer information processing","authors":"Juyeun Jang, Ho Jung Choo","doi":"10.1186/s40691-025-00450-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40691-025-00450-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Virtual reality (VR) technologies are transforming fashion retailing by allowing consumers to engage with products and stores in immersive ways. Yet little is known about how consumers process information in these environments, particularly for hedonic products such as fashion. This research examines whether consumers rely on mental imagery or discursive processing when evaluating fashion products and stores in VR contexts. Study 1 investigates three-dimensional (3D) product presentations and shows that the effects of VR media type (immersive vs. non-immersive) on product diagnosticity depend on product type (hedonic vs. utilitarian). Specifically, immersive VR enhances diagnosticity for hedonic products through imagery-based processing, but it disrupts discursive processing for utilitarian products. Study 2 explores VR fashion store environments to further examine how mental imagery processing in immersive VR retail settings depends on consumer shopping motivation (browsing vs. searching). Results demonstrate that the sense of telepresence generated by immersive VR experience activates both product- and store-related imagery processing, which in turn increases fashion store visit satisfaction. Interestingly, the mediating role of product-related imagery appears only for consumers with browsing motivation, whereas store-related imagery mediates the effect regardless of motivation. These findings advance understanding of consumer information processing in VR by revealing when and how mental imagery dominates over discursive reasoning. Beyond theoretical contributions, the research offers actionable insights for fashion retailers and brands seeking to design immersive VR shopping experiences that align with consumers’ goals and product types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":555,"journal":{"name":"Fashion and Textiles","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40691-025-00450-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145831354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}