Gene Expression Patterns最新文献

{"title":"Cloning, subcellular localization and expression analysis of squalene epoxidase gene BsSE1 from Bletilla striata","authors":"Shuang-Shuang Wang,&nbsp;Quanli Dou,&nbsp;Changling Sui,&nbsp;Guangyan Yuan,&nbsp;Boping Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Squalene epoxidase catalyzes the oxidation of squalene to 2,3-oxo-squalene (<em>BsSE1</em>), and is the key rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of triterpenoids and sterols in plants. This study focused on the basic aspects of <em>BsSE1</em> including the sequence information, sub-cellular localization expression patterns of <em>BsSE1.</em> Using to the sequence information of <em>Bletilla striata</em> transcriptome, the full-length CDS of <em>BsSE1</em> gene was amplified. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of BsSE1 protein were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis software, and vector was constructed to analyze the protein locations and expression patterns. The results showed that the CDS of <em>BsSE1</em> gene was 1542 bp, encoding 513 amino acids. BsSE1 protein is a hydrophobic protein with two transmembrane domains but no signal peptides. It is localied in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and belongs to the typical squalene epoxidase gene. BsSE1 has the closest genetic relationship with SE protein of <em>Dendrobium officinale</em> and <em>Phalaenopsis equestris</em>. The expression level of <em>BsSE1</em> was higher in pseudobulblet of <em>Bletilla striata</em> seedlings, followed by roots, and lower in seedling stems. After SA induction, the expression of <em>BsSE1</em> in <em>Bletilla striata</em> showed significant changes, increased first, then decreased, finally increase again. The results provide a basis for further study of this gene family in plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9127745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential gene expression associated with flower development of mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties with different shelf-life","authors":"Nimisha Sharma ,&nbsp;Mukesh Shivran ,&nbsp;Narendra Singh ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar Dubey ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Neha Sharma ,&nbsp;Ruchi Gupta ,&nbsp;Hatkari Vittal ,&nbsp;Bikram Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Amitha Mithra Sevanthi ,&nbsp;Nagendra Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em> L.) is one of the most important commercial fruit crop grown in many parts of the world. Major challenges affecting mango trade are short shelf-life, high susceptibility to chilling injury, post-harvest diseases and consumer demand for improved fruit quality. The objective of the present study was to reveal the key regulators present in bud and flower tissues during flower development stage, associated with fruit development and affect the shelf-life of the mango fruit. RNA-sequencing of contrasting genotypes having short and long shelf-life, was carried out. Comparative differential expression pathway studies of long shelf-life (Totapuri) and short shelf-life (Bombay Green) mango genotypes revealed a total of 177 highly differentially expressed genes. Out of 177 total genes, 101 genes from endoplasmic reticulum pathway and very few from gibberellins (3) and jasmonic acid (1) pathway were identified. Genes from endoplasmic reticulum pathway like <em>hsp 90</em>, <em>SRC2, DFRA, CHS, BG3</em> and <em>ASPG1</em> mainly up regulated in Bombay Green. Uniprotein <em>B9R8D3</em> also shows up regulation in Bombay Green. Ethylene insensitive pathway gene <em>EIL1</em> up regulated in Bombay Green. Gene <em>CAD1</em> from phenylpropanoid pathway mainly up regulated in Bombay Green. A total of 4 SSRs and 227 SNPs were mined from these pathways specific to the shelf-life. Molecular studies of endoplasmic reticulum, phenylpropanoid, ethylene, polygalacturonase and hormone pathways at the time of bud and flower formation revealed key regulators that determine the shelf-life of mango fruit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9130366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving liver lesions classification on CT/MRI images based on Hounsfield Units attenuation and deep learning","authors":"Anh-Cang Phan ,&nbsp;Hung-Phi Cao ,&nbsp;Thi-Nguu-Huynh Le ,&nbsp;Thanh-Ngoan Trieu ,&nbsp;Thuong-Cang Phan","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The early sign detection of liver lesions plays an extremely important role in preventing, diagnosing, and treating liver diseases. In fact, radiologists mainly consider Hounsfield Units to locate liver lesions. However, most studies focus on the analysis of unenhanced computed tomography images without considering an attenuation difference between Hounsfield Units before and after contrast injection. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop an improved method for the automatic detection and classification of common liver lesions based on deep learning techniques and the variations of the Hounsfield Units density on computed tomography scans. We design and implement a multi-phase classification model developed on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R–CNN), Region-based Fully Convolutional Networks (R–FCN), and Single Shot Detector Networks (SSD) with the transfer learning approach. The model considers the variations of the Hounsfield Unit density on computed tomography scans in four phases before and after contrast injection (plain, arterial, venous, and delay). The experiments are conducted on three common types of liver lesions including liver cysts, hemangiomas, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Experimental results show that the proposed method accurately locates and classifies common liver lesions. The liver lesions detection with Hounsfield Units gives high accuracy of 100%. Meanwhile, the lesion classification achieves an accuracy of 95.1%. The promising results show the applicability of the proposed method for automatic liver lesions detection and classification. The proposed method improves the accuracy of liver lesions detection and classification compared with some preceding methods. It is useful for practical systems to assist doctors in the diagnosis of liver lesions. In our further research, an improvement can be made with big data analysis to build real-time processing systems and we expand this study to detect lesions from all parts of the human body, not just the liver.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9136588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuronal expression of ndst3 in early zebrafish development is responsive to Wnt signaling manipulation","authors":"Rebecca A. Anderson ,&nbsp;Usua Oyarbide","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are constituents of the cell surface and extracellular matrix and are vital for various activities within the cell. The N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (heparin glucosaminyl) family of enzymes, or NDST, modifies heparan sulfate (HS) by catalyzing both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine residues. In zebrafish, a single <em>ndst3</em> gene is an orthologue of both mammalian <em>NDST3</em> and <em>NDST4</em> genes. The role of <em>ndst3</em> in zebrafish development has not been investigated and such study may provide insight into the role(s) of both mammalian orthologues. Here, we characterized expression of <em>ndst3</em> during early development in zebrafish and found it to be predominately neuronal. We found that expression of <em>ndst3</em> is sensitive to Wnt signaling manipulation, with stimulation of the Wnt pathway resulting in robust expansion of <em>ndst3</em> expression domains. Finally, using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we mutagenized the <em>ndst3</em> gene and isolated an allele, <em>ndst3</em>^{<em>nu20</em>}, resulting in a frameshift and premature protein truncation. We discovered Ndst3 is not essential for zebrafish survival as <em>ndst3</em>^{<em>nu20</em>} homozygous mutants are viable and fertile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10006321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fingerprint matching using the onion peeling approach and turning function","authors":"Nazanin Padkan ,&nbsp;B. Sadeghi Bigham ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Faraji","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fingerprint, as one of the most popular and robust biometric traits, can be used in automatic identification and verification systems to identify individuals. Fingerprint matching is a vital and challenging issue in fingerprint recognition systems. Most fingerprint matching algorithms are minutiae-based. The minutiae points are the ways that the fingerprint ridges can be discontinuous. Ridge ending and ridge bifurcation are two frequently used minutiae in most fingerprint matching algorithms. This article presents a new minutiae-based fingerprint matching using the onion peeling approach. In the proposed method, fingerprints are aligned to find the matched minutiae points. Then, the nested convex polygons of matched minutiae points are constructed and the comparison between peer-to-peer polygons is performed by the turning function distance. Simplicity, accuracy, and low time complexity of the onion peeling approach are three important factors that make it a standard method for fingerprint matching purposes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on the database <em>FVC</em>2002. Since the fingerprints that the difference between the number of their layers is more than 2 and the a minutiae matching score lower than 0.15 are ignored, better results are obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Keywords</h3><p>Fingerprint Matching, Minutiae, Convex Layers, Turning Function, Computational Geometry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9498406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denovo RNA-Seq analysis of ovary and testis reveals potential differentially expressed transcripts associated with gonadal unsynchronization development in Onychostoma macrolepis","authors":"Heran Cao ,&nbsp;Long Li ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Li ,&nbsp;Huihui Gao ,&nbsp;Guofan Peng ,&nbsp;Chao Zhu ,&nbsp;Yining Chen ,&nbsp;Fangxia Yang ,&nbsp;Wuzi Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Onychostoma macrolepis (O. macrolepis) is a rare and endangered wild species. Their endangered extinction might be due to their low fertility. To further illustrate the molecular mechanism of gonad development of the male and female O. macrolepis, the present study carried out de novo testicular and ovarian transcriptome sequencing. By comparing ovary and testis, 30,869 differentially expressed unigenes (9870 in female, 20999 in male) were identified. In addition, KEGG and GO analysis suggested that the Hedgehog signaling pathway have important roles in testis maintenance and spermatogenesis, whereas the Hippo signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway are likely to participate in ovary maintenance. RT-qPCR analysis results were consistent with transcriptome sequencing that all of gender differentiation-related genes (FOXL2, GDF9, WNT4, CYP19A1, SOX9 and GATA4), temperature-enriched genes (NOVA1, CTGF and NR4A1), clock-related genes (PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, BMAL1 and CIPC) were significantly differential expression in testis compared with ovaries. Taken together, these results revealed a potential molecular mechanism that low fertility of the O. macrolepis might strong correlate with the gonadal dyssynchrony development of the male and female, which might provide theoretical basis and technical support for artificial reproduction and germplasm resource protection of the O. macrolepis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9482615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching by parts: Towards fine-grained image retrieval respecting species correlation","authors":"Cheng Pang ,&nbsp;Anoop Cherian ,&nbsp;Rushi Lan ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Luo ,&nbsp;Hongxun Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most of the existing works on fine-grained image categorization and retrieval focus on finding similar images from the same species and often give little importance to inter-species similarities. However, these similarities may carry species correlations such as the same ancestors or similar habits, which are helpful in taxonomy and understanding biological traits. In this paper, we devise a new fine-grained retrieval task that searches for similar instances from different species based on body parts. To this end, we propose a two-step strategy. In the first step, we search for visually similar parts to a query image using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). To improve the quality of the retrieved candidates, structural cues are introduced into the CNN using a novel part-pooling layer, in which the receptive field of each part is adjusted automatically. In the second step, we re-rank the retrieved candidates to improve the species diversity. We achieve this by formulating a novel ranking function that balances between the similarity of the candidates to the queried parts, while decreasing the similarity to the query species. We provide experiments on the benchmark CUB200 dataset and Columbia Dogs dataset, and demonstrate clear benefits of our schemes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9483157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurod1 mediates the reprogramming of NG2 glial into neurons in vitro","authors":"Min Wei ,&nbsp;Dengfeng Feng ,&nbsp;Zhenggang Lu ,&nbsp;Zhengwei Hu,&nbsp;Hao Wu,&nbsp;Yingli Lian,&nbsp;Dongsheng Li,&nbsp;Zhengcun Yan,&nbsp;Yuping Li,&nbsp;Xingdong Wang,&nbsp;Hengzhu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuronal defect and loss are the main pathological processes of many central nervous system diseases. Cellular reprogramming is a promising method to supplement lost neurons. However, study on cellular reprogramming is still limited and its mechanism remains unclear. Herein, the effect of Neurod1 expression on differentiation of NG2 glia into neurons was investigated. In this study, we successfully isolated NG2 glial cells from mice prior to identification with immunofluorescence. Afterwards, AAV-Neurod1 virus was used to construct Neurod1 overexpression vectors in NG2 glia. Later, we detected neuronal markers expression with immunofluorescence and real time quantitative polymerase-chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Besides, expression of MAPK-signaling-pathway-related proteins were detected by western blotting technique. Through immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR techniques, we observed that Neurod1 overexpression contributed to NG2 cells differentiated into neurons. Further experiments also showed that Neurod1 overexpression induced the activation of MAPK pathway, but PD98059 (a selective inhibitor of MAPK pathway) partly inhibited the neuronal differentiation induced by Neurod1 overexpression. These findings suggest that Neurod1 could promote NG2 glia cells differentiating into neurons, wherein the mechanism under the differentiation is related to activation of MAPK pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9129726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression patterns of ABCE model genes during flower development of melon (Cucumis melo L.)","authors":"Yufan Sun ,&nbsp;Tiantian Ren ,&nbsp;Jiateng Zhao ,&nbsp;Wensheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Lanchun Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2023.119306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In production, most cultivars of melon are andromonoecious and characterized by carrying both male and bisexual flowers on the same plant. In this study, four A-class genes (<em>CmAP1a</em>, <em>CmAP1b</em>, <em>CmAP2a</em> and <em>CmAP2b</em>), two B-class genes (<em>CmAP3</em> and <em>CmPI</em>), two C-class genes (<em>CmAGa</em> and <em>CmAGb</em>) and four E-class genes (<em>CmSEP1</em>,<em>2</em>,<em>3</em>,<em>4</em>) were identified in melon. However, no D-class gene of melon was identified. The conserved domains of ABCE function proteins showed relatively high similarity between <em>Arabidopsis</em> and melon. The expression patterns of ABCE homeotic genes in different flower buds of melon suggested that transcripts of <em>CmAP1a</em>, <em>CmPI</em> and <em>CmSEP1</em> in bisexual buds were significantly lower than that in male flower buds, while the expression levels of <em>CmAGa</em>, <em>CmAGb</em> and <em>CmSEP4</em> in bisexual flower buds were significantly higher than that in male flower buds. There was no significant difference in expression levels of other ABCE model genes between male buds and bisexual buds. Subsequently, qRT-PCR was performed in different floral organs of bisexual flowers in melon. For A class genes, <em>CmAP1a</em> and <em>CmAP1b</em> showed the highest accumulation in sepals than petals, stamens and pistil, while <em>CmAP2a</em> and <em>CmAP2b</em> revealed the highest expression in pistil than other three floral organs. For B class genes, <em>CmAP3</em> and <em>CmPI</em> were highly accumulated in petals and stamens though <em>CmAP3</em> also showed abundant accumulation in pistil. For C class genes, the expression levels of <em>CmAGa</em> and <em>CmAGb</em> were higher in stamens and pistil than that in sepals and petals. For E class genes, <em>CmSEP1</em> showed higher expression level in sepals and petals than stamens and pistil. <em>CmSEP2</em>, <em>CmSEP3</em> and <em>CmSEP4</em> showed the highest accumulation in pistil than other floral organs. These results provided a theoretical basis for studying the function of ABCE homeotic genes in floral organs development of melon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 119306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9483142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage specific gene expression of folate mediated one-carbon metabolism enzymes and transporters in buffalo oocytes and pre-implantation embryos","authors":"Shama Ansari,&nbsp;Sikander Saini,&nbsp;Shradha Jamwal,&nbsp;Abhishek Thakur,&nbsp;Amit Kumar,&nbsp;Priya Sehrawat,&nbsp;Preeti Devi,&nbsp;Dhruba Malakar","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>DNA synthesis and methylations are crucial during pre-implantation embryonic development<span>, and are mediated by one-carbon metabolism of folates. Folates, transported into the cells via folate receptors<span> (FOLR1 and FOLR2) and carriers (SLC19A1), are metabolized by various enzymes involved in folate-methionine cycle. However, the variations in temporal expression of </span></span></span>folate transporters<span><span> and folate-methionine cycle enzymes during pre-implantation embryo development is obscure. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the differential expression of the genes for folate transporters and folate-methionine cycle enzymes. We also examined the expression of folate transport proteins in different pre-implantation development stages. Immature buffalo oocytes were matured in maturation medium followed by </span>in vitro fertilization and culture at standard culture conditions. The temporal pattern of gene expression in buffalo, when compared to previous studies, indicated an inter-specific variation. The transcripts of some enzymes and folate transporters were significantly upregulated after zygotic genome activation. The transcripts as well as proteins for FOLR1, FOLR2 and </span></span>SLC19A1<span> were present in oocytes and all the pre-implantation embryo stages. FOLR1 was present in the nuclei of different stages of developing embryos but not in the metaphase (MII) oocytes. As a result, the present study advocates the existence of active folate transport in buffalo oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. The data provided by the analysis of differential gene expression of folate transporters and metabolic enzymes would likely contribute to a better understanding of the role of folates in embryo development as well as advancements in assisted reproductive technologies.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 119282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10548974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}