Gene Expression Patterns最新文献

{"title":"Critical review of the model description in 'Kurdish handwritten character recognition using deep learning techniques'.","authors":"Peshraw Ahmed Abdalla, Mohammed Y Shakor, Aso Khaleel Ameen, Diyari A Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This correspondence addresses several inconsistencies identified in the article \"Kurdish Handwritten Character Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques,\" published in Gene Expression Patterns. We commend the authors for their contribution to Kurdish handwriting recognition using deep learning methods. However, critical discrepancies are evident in the model architecture description, class labeling, and model summary. This letter outlines these concerns in detail and suggests revisions to enhance transparency and reproducibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":" ","pages":"119399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Netrin-1 in the developing mouse heart","authors":"Adrianna Matos-Nieves ,&nbsp;Sarah C. Greskovich ,&nbsp;Talita Z. Choudhury ,&nbsp;Sathiyanarayanan Manivannan ,&nbsp;Yukie Ueyama ,&nbsp;Anupama S. Rao ,&nbsp;Emily M. Cameron ,&nbsp;Vidu Garg","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Axon guidance signaling pathways, including the Eph/ephrin, Semaphorin, and Slit/Robo pathways, have been found to play crucial roles in cardiac development. Netrin signaling is another well-studied signaling pathway important for axon guidance, but its role in the developing heart has not been investigated. Here, we describe the novel expression pattern of <em>Netrin-1</em> in the developing murine heart. Transcriptomic analysis of embryonic mouse hearts shows dynamic <em>Netrin-1</em> expression from E8.5 through E14.5, where <em>Netrin-1</em> expression preferentially co-localizes with developing trabecular cardiomyocytes. We further demonstrate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of <em>Netrin-1</em> using a combination of RNA <em>in situ</em> hybridization and <em>Netrin-1</em>^{<em>Bgeo/+</em>} reporter mice. <em>Netrin-1</em> is expressed in the developing cardiomyocytes with the highest degree of expression within the left ventricular trabecular myocardium, which has not been previously recognized. Additionally, <em>Netrin-1</em> expression is observed at lower levels in the cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle and atria. This expression pattern supports a role for Netrin signaling in the developing murine myocardium requiring further functional characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 119398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular basis and key biological processes for myocardial regeneration: Transcriptomic analysis of acute myocardial infarction in a translational ovine model","authors":"Cristian Nahuel Nuñez Pedrozo ,&nbsp;Francisco Raúl Borzone ,&nbsp;Agustina Varela ,&nbsp;Paola Locatelli ,&nbsp;Daniela Fernanda Olea ,&nbsp;Alberto José Crottogini ,&nbsp;Gustavo Ariel Giunta ,&nbsp;Luis Alberto Cuniberti","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recently, transcriptomic analysis has been key in identifying therapeutic targets in cardiovascular regeneration. The postnatal loss of cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity has been linked to the transition from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation in rodent models of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the transcriptomic profile of these processes in large mammals more similar to humans is still unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the transcriptomic profile, from the proliferative fetal stage to the non-regenerative infarcted adult stage, in an ovine AMI model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Samples consisted of fetal sheep hearts sequenced in our laboratory and adult sheep hearts (healthy, infarct, and infarct border) from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository (GSE164245).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fetal tissue showed changes in epigenetic regulation and a predominance of glycolytic metabolism, whereas in the adult infarct core and border zones, there was a partial activation of glycolysis and a reduction in the expression of genes associated with β-oxidation of fatty acids. Myocardial infarction in adult sheep triggers metabolic changes that partially mimic fetal regenerative processes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings will allow for a more precise understanding of the mechanisms underlying cardiac regeneration and facilitate the translation of regenerative therapies for clinical application in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 119396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression analysis of amphioxus orthologues of genes expressed in vertebrate lateral plate or pharyngeal mesoderm","authors":"Anaël Soubigou ,&nbsp;Lydvina Meister ,&nbsp;Lucie Subirana ,&nbsp;Lucille Cornand ,&nbsp;Hector Escriva ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Bertrand","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrates, which borders the other mesodermal territories, develops during embryogenesis into a variety of tissues and organs such as blood, heart, vasculature, kidney and smooth muscles. This mesoderm compartment, as well as the unsegmented pharyngeal mesoderm which gives rise to head muscles and part of the heart, have been proposed as vertebrate innovations. Indeed, in the two other chordate clades, the tunicates and the cephalochordates, no such mesoderm regions are formed during development. However, in ascidians, the most studied tunicate group, some cells in the larva which participate to siphon muscles and heart formation are thought to be homologous to the cardiopharyngeal field of vertebrates. Moreover, in the cephalochordate amphioxus, lateral plate and pharyngeal mesoderm marker genes were shown to be expressed in different regions of the fully segmented paraxial mesoderm. In this work, we decided to look at the embryonic expression in amphioxus of several of these mesoderm marker genes, that could give new insights into the putative homology between cephalochordate somite regions and vertebrates’ mesoderm compartments. Here, we describe the expression pattern of <em>Erg/Fli1a</em>, <em>Erg/Fli1b</em>, <em>Lmo2</em>, <em>Mesp</em>, <em>Npas4/4l</em>, <em>Osr1/2a, Osr1/2b, Tcf21/Msc</em> and <em>Tcf21/Mscb.</em> Our results highlight the presence of a putative hematopoietic field in the first somite pair as previously proposed, and suggest that some genes were probably specifically recruited during vertebrate evolution for the development of pharyngeal or lateral plate mesoderm derivatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 119397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significance of MDK growth factor in the antler development of sika deer (Cervus nippon): An in-depth analysis","authors":"Haihua Xing ,&nbsp;Qianghui Wang ,&nbsp;Yukai Ma,&nbsp;Ruobing Han,&nbsp;Heping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2024.119388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2024.119388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deer antlers exhibit rapid growth during the velvet phase. As a critical endogenous growth factor in animals, midkine (<em>MDK</em>) is likely closely associated with the growth of antlers. However, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of <em>MDK</em> during the velvet phase was unclear. This study explored the physiological role of <em>MDK</em> by analyzing its molecular characterization and spatio-temporal expression dynamics during the growth of sika deer antlers. The study cloned the coding sequences (CDS) of <em>MDK</em>, which spanned 429 bp and encoded 142 amino acids. The results of bioinformatics prediction analysis showed that MDK was an extracellular hydrophilic secreted protein, which was mainly composed of random coil. MDK protein was relatively conserved in evolution and MDK protein of sika deer had the closest relatives to ruminants and the furthest relatives to Aves. The tip tissues (dermis, mesenchyme, precartilage, cartilage) of antlers were collected from three important growth and development nodes (early period, EP. middle period, MP. late period, LP), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was chosen to detect the spatio-temporal expression of the <em>MDK</em>. The results showed that <em>MDK</em> was expressed in all tissue sites of antler tip in EP, MP, LP. <em>MDK</em> had a consistent expression pattern under all growth periods and was strongly expressed in dermis and cartilage. The expression of <em>MDK</em> was consistently up-regulated in precartilage, whereas it was first up-regulated and then down-regulated in other tissues, and it was highly significant in MP compared to EP and LP (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). This study suggested that <em>MDK</em> may regulate the growth of dermis and cartilage tissues mainly by participating in the process of angiogenesis and bone formation, thus promoting the rapid growth of antlers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression profile of Chchd10 gene during testicular development","authors":"Xiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Shengqi Sun ,&nbsp;Fei Han ,&nbsp;Lei Sun ,&nbsp;Jing Gu ,&nbsp;Jia Cao ,&nbsp;Jinyi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chchd10 protein is crucial for sustaining mitochondrial dynamics, physiology and functions, and has been reported to be most abundantly in myocardial cells and skeletal muscle. However, nothing is known for the expression pattern of Chchd10 in gonadal development. Here, we characterized the expression patterns of Chchd10 gene during embryonic gonad development and postnatal testis development in mice, as well as the expression pattern of Chchd10 gene in human puberty testis and young adult testis using publicly available datasets. Besides, we investigated the expression and distribution of Chchd10 in mice testis by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence and analyzed the possible role and mechanism of Chchd10 in the testis. We noticed that Chchd10 showed abundant expression in embryonic testis compared to ovaries and dynamically expressed during embryonic and postnatal testis development in mice. In addition, Chchd10 was highly abundant within testicular Sertoli cells populations both in embryonic and postnatal mice and mainly located in the mitochondria of Sertoli cells in mice. Furthermore, CHCHD10 was not only enriched in Sertoli cells, but also highly expressed in tMΦ of human puberty testis and adult testis. CHCHD10 may participate in testicular development by regulating multiple biological processes of Sertoli cells. Taken together, our data indicated that Chchd10 appears to be important during testicular development, particularly in the functional modulation of Sertoli cells. Our study revealed the expression profile of Chchd10 gene during testicular development for the first time and will provide new ideas for further studying the function and molecular mechanism of Chchd10.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomics and phenotypic analysis of OTOF gene knockdown in zebrafish mediated by CRISPR/Cas9","authors":"Xuejing Bai,&nbsp;Wenbo Xu,&nbsp;Ying Zhu,&nbsp;Beibei Luo,&nbsp;Dan Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deafness is a common genetic disorder, where mutations,in the OTOF gene can disrupt the normal functionof the Otoferlin protein, leading to impaired neurotransmitter release in the inner ear and subsequent deafness. Despite the complexity of the pathogenic mechanism,it is not fully understood. Zebrafish are an excellent model for studying genetically-induced deafness,but there have been no previous reports on the pathogenesis of <em>OTOF</em> in zebrafish.This study successfully established a zebrafish model with mutated <em>OTOF</em> genes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to investigate the molecular basis of <em>OTOF</em>-induced deafness. Compared to AB wild type zebrafish, those with low otof expression showed injury and apoptosis of hair cells in the posterior lateral neuromasts along with significant increase in the number of macrophages and apoptotic cells in this region. Additionally, these mutants exhibited a reduction in body length. To further elucidate differences at 5dpf (days post-fertilization) between mutant and wild type zebrafish embryos, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to examine differentially expressed genes (DEGs).A total of 334 up-regulated DEGs and 111 down-regulated DEGs were identified in mutants compared to wild types.KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were performed on these DEGs to identify key signaling pathways and hub DEGs. The findings revealedan increased expression of several genes involved in the HSP70 oxidative stress system, suggesting that OTOF may protect cochlear hair cell from apoptosis induced by oxidative stress through regulation of MAPK signal and HSP70 expression.In summary, the establishment of a zebrafish model with <em>OTOF</em> knockout provides a valuable tool for investigating the function of Otoferlin and understanding the role of the <em>OTOF</em> gene in deafness. These potential molecular insights offer significant contributions towards understanding the pathogenesis of deafness experimental models and serves as a foundation for comprehending the involvement of the <em>OTOF</em> gene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphangiogenesis in mouse embryonic and early postnatal ovaries","authors":"Hongyu Su ,&nbsp;Zhilin Zhou ,&nbsp;Fan Ye ,&nbsp;Hang Xiong ,&nbsp;Ziheng Huang ,&nbsp;Jiayi Shen ,&nbsp;Tao Yi ,&nbsp;Hongying Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The critical importance and remodeling capacity of the blood vasculature within the ovary have been extensively analyzed, while the lymphatic vasculature has received limited attention, and its characteristics were reported by only a few studies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the morphological patterns of lymphatic vessel formation in mouse embryonic and early postnatal ovary.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Immunostaining was performed on ovarian tissues from Prox1-EGFP transgenic mice and wild-type mice to investigate the lymphangiogenesis, and the CD31 was employed to label vascular endothelium and LYVE1 and Prox1 as co-markers for lymphatic endothelium.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Prox1⁺ cells, LYVE1⁺ cells, and Prox1-EGFP⁺/LYVE1⁺ vessels were absent in the medulla near the ovarian hilum until P7, and YAP1 was expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of granulosa cells, alongside the observation of scattered primary follicles within the ovary. By P10, these markers were abundantly expressed in the ovarian medulla, while YAP1 was localized primarily in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells, alongside the occurrence of secondary follicles. By P14, Prox1⁺ cells, LYVE1⁺ cells, and Prox1-EGFP⁺/LYVE1⁺ vessels extended to the cortex, and YAP1 shifted to the nuclei of granulosa cells, alongside the reaching of follicles to the antral stage. From P14 to P28, these markers exhibited a further increasing trend, while YAP1 localized in the nucleus of granulosa cells, alongside the progress of follicles to the preovulatory stage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ovarian lymphangiogenesis in the mouse began on postnatal day 7 and subsequently developed from the medulla to the cortex. Additionally, ovarian lymphangiogenesis occurred in synchrony with follicular maturation, during which YAP1 exhibited an ectopic expression pattern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Hippo signaling components in the early dorsal pancreatic bud","authors":"Neha Ahuja ,&nbsp;Caitlin Maynard ,&nbsp;Tyler Bierschenck ,&nbsp;Ondine Cleaver","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All pancreatic lineages originate from a transitory structure known as the multipotent progenitor epithelium (MPE), which is an endodermal placode formed via epithelial stratification. Cells within the MPE undergo <em>de novo</em> lumenogenesis to give rise to an epithelial plexus, which serves as a progenitor niche for subsequent development of endocrine, ductal and acinar cell types. Recent evidence suggests that Hippo signaling is required for pancreatic cell differentiation, but little is known about the function of Hippo signaling in the development of the MPE. Here, we characterize the expression of YAP1, TAZ, and the Hippo regulators LATS1/2 kinases and MERLIN in early murine pancreatic epithelium, during epithelial stratification, plexus development and emergence of endocrine cells. We find that YAP1 expression is relatively low in the pancreas bud during stratification but increases by E11.5. Intriguingly, we find differing patterns of TAZ and YAP1 immunoreactivty throughout pancreatic development. We further find that MERLIN and LATS1/2 kinases are expressed during the period of rapid stratification and become markedly apical at nascent lumens. To gain a better understanding of how Hippo signaling and lumen formation are connected, we analyzed the subcellular localization of Hippo signaling components during varying stages of lumen formation and found that they are dynamically localized during lumenogenesis. Together, our results point to a previously unsuspected relationship between Hippo signaling and lumen formation during pancreatic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-gestational restraint stress affects reproductive outcomes in adult rats by modulating ovarian and uterine function","authors":"Harini Raghavendhira ,&nbsp;Divya Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Jeyakumari Paul ,&nbsp;Ravindran Rajan ,&nbsp;Ravi Sankar Bhaskaran","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2025.119391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of gestational stress on reproductive outcomes is well-established, but the effects of pre-gestational stress remain inconclusive. Using female Wistar rats, we demonstrated that pre-gestational stress negatively affects fertility and pregnancy outcomes. The rats were subjected to restraint stress (RS) for 15 days, with 3 h of stress each day, before mating. The RS group exhibited higher levels of corticosterone and prolactin, along with lower levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), indicating a successful stress model. Stressed rats showed reduced fertility and fecundity indices, longer conception times, and decreased levels of ovarian steroids, such as progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol. Additionally, the ovaries of the RS group had fewer antral follicles and more ovarian cysts. Elevated protein levels of cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) and aromatase (CYP19A1), along with decreased levels of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), indicating impaired ovarian steroidogenesis in stress exposed rats. In the RS group, there was a significant increase in proteins associated with folliculogenesis, specifically octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT 4) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF 9). Additionally, proteins linked to ovulation, such as the prolactin receptor (PRLR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2), were elevated. The increased levels of PRLR, progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), and estrogen receptor (ER) combined with heightened oxidative stress in the uteri of the RS group, suggest a potential disruption in uterine function. Overall, this research indicates that pre-gestational stress can significantly impact reproductive health by altering gonadotrophin and ovarian steroid dynamics in the female reproductive tract.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 119391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}