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Neurons as Autoencoders 作为自动编码器的神经元
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_c_00461
Larry Bull
{"title":"Neurons as Autoencoders","authors":"Larry Bull","doi":"10.1162/artl_c_00461","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_c_00461","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents the idea that neural backpropagation is exploiting dendritic processing to enable individual neurons to perform autoencoding. Using a very simple connection weight search heuristic and artificial neural network model, the effects of interleaving autoencoding for each neuron in a hidden layer of a feedforward network are explored. This is contrasted with the equivalent standard layered approach to autoencoding. It is shown that such individualized processing is not detrimental and can improve network learning.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"250-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive Distinctions as a Language for Cognitive Science: Comparing Methods of Description in a Model of Referential Communication 认知差异作为认知科学的一种语言：指涉交际模型中描述方法的比较。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00475
Thomas M. Gaul;Eduardo J. Izquierdo
{"title":"Cognitive Distinctions as a Language for Cognitive Science: Comparing Methods of Description in a Model of Referential Communication","authors":"Thomas M. Gaul;Eduardo J. Izquierdo","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00475","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00475","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the language we use in scientific practice is critical to developing more rigorous and sound methodologies. This article argues that how certain methods of description are commonly employed in cognitive science risks obscuring important features of an agent’s cognition. We propose to make explicit a method of description whereby the concept of cognitive distinctions is the core principle. A model of referential communication is developed and analyzed as a platform to compare methods of description. We demonstrate that cognitive distinctions, realized in a graph theoretic formalism, better describe the behavior and perspective of a simple model agent than other, less systematic or natural language–dependent methods. We then consider how different descriptions relate to one another in the broader methodological framework of minimally cognitive behavior. Finally, we explore the consequences of, and challenges for, cognitive distinctions as a useful concept and method in the tool kit of cognitive scientists.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"345-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolvability in Artificial Development of Large, Complex Structures and the Principle of Terminal Addition 大型复杂结构人工开发中的可进化性和末端加法原理。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00460
Alessandro Fontana;Borys Wróbel
{"title":"Evolvability in Artificial Development of Large, Complex Structures and the Principle of Terminal Addition","authors":"Alessandro Fontana;Borys Wróbel","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00460","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00460","url":null,"abstract":"Epigenetic tracking (ET) is a model of development that is capable of generating diverse, arbitrary, complex three-dimensional cellular structures starting from a single cell. The generated structures have a level of complexity (in terms of the number of cells) comparable to multicellular biological organisms. In this article, we investigate the evolvability of the development of a complex structure inspired by the “French flag” problem: an “Italian Anubis” (a three-dimensional, doglike figure patterned in three colors). Genes during development are triggered in ET at specific developmental stages, and the fitness of individuals during simulated evolution is calculated after a certain stage. When this evaluation stage was allowed to evolve, genes that were triggered at later stages of development tended to be incorporated into the genome later during evolutionary runs. This suggests the emergence of the property of terminal addition in this system. When the principle of terminal addition was explicitly incorporated into ET, and was the sole mechanism for introducing morphological innovation, evolvability improved markedly, leading to the development of structures much more closely approximating the target at a much lower computational cost.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"276-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Continuous Evolution in the NK Treadmill Model NK跑步机模型的持续进化。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00467
Priyanka Mehra;Arend Hintze
{"title":"Continuous Evolution in the NK Treadmill Model","authors":"Priyanka Mehra;Arend Hintze","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00467","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00467","url":null,"abstract":"The NK fitness landscape is a well-known model with which to study evolutionary dynamics in landscapes of different ruggedness. However, the model is static, and genomes are typically small, allowing observations over only a short adaptive period. Here we introduce an extension to the model that allows the experimenter to set the velocity at which the landscape changes independently from other parameters, such as the ruggedness or the mutation rate. We find that, similar to the previously observed complexity catastrophe, where evolution comes to a halt when environments become too complex due to overly high degrees of epistasis, here the same phenomenon occurs when changes happen too rapidly. Our expanded model also preserves essential properties of the static NK landscape, allowing for proper comparisons between static and dynamic landscapes.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"256-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automating the Search for Artificial Life With Foundation Models. 使用基础模型自动搜索人工生命。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/ARTL.a.8
Akarsh Kumar, Chris Lu, Louis Kirsch, Yujin Tang, Kenneth O Stanley, Phillip Isola, David Ha
{"title":"Automating the Search for Artificial Life With Foundation Models.","authors":"Akarsh Kumar, Chris Lu, Louis Kirsch, Yujin Tang, Kenneth O Stanley, Phillip Isola, David Ha","doi":"10.1162/ARTL.a.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/ARTL.a.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the recent Nobel Prize awarded for radical advances in protein discovery, foundation models (FMs) for exploring large combinatorial spaces promise to revolutionize many scientific fields. Artificial Life (ALife) has not yet integrated FMs, thus presenting a major opportunity for the field to alleviate the historical burden of relying chiefly on manual design and trial and error to discover the configurations of lifelike simulations. This article presents, for the first time, a successful realization of this opportunity using vision-language FMs. The proposed approach, called automated search for Artificial Life (ASAL), (a) finds simulations that produce target phenomena, (b) discovers simulations that generate temporally open-ended novelty, and (c) illuminates an entire space of interestingly diverse simulations. Because of the generality of FMs, ASAL works effectively across a diverse range of ALife substrates, including Boids, Particle Life, the Game of Life, Lenia, and neural cellular automata. A major result highlighting the potential of this technique is the discovery of previously unseen Lenia and Boids life-forms, as well as cellular automata that are open-ended like Conway's Game of Life. Additionally, the use of FMs allows for the quantification of previously qualitative phenomena in a human-aligned way. This new paradigm promises to accelerate ALife research beyond what is possible through human ingenuity alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"368-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behaviour Diversity in a Walking and Climbing Centipede-Like Virtual Creature 爬行蜈蚣类虚拟生物的行为多样性。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00476
Emma Stensby Norstein;Kotaro Yasui;Takeshi Kano;Akio Ishiguro;Kyrre Glette
{"title":"Behaviour Diversity in a Walking and Climbing Centipede-Like Virtual Creature","authors":"Emma Stensby Norstein;Kotaro Yasui;Takeshi Kano;Akio Ishiguro;Kyrre Glette","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00476","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00476","url":null,"abstract":"Robot controllers are often optimized for a single robot in a single environment. This approach proves brittle, as such a controller will often fail to produce sensible behavior for a new morphology or environment. In comparison, animal gaits are robust and versatile. By observing animals, and attempting to extract general principles of locomotion from their movement, we aim to design a single, decentralized controller applicable to diverse morphologies and environments. The controller implements the three components of (a) undulation, (b) peristalsis, and (c) leg motion, which we believe are the essential elements in most animal gaits. This work is a first step toward a general controller. Accordingly, the controller has been evaluated on a limited range of simulated centipede-like robot morphologies. The centipede is chosen as inspiration because it moves using both body contractions and legged locomotion. For a controller to work in qualitatively different settings, it must also be able to exhibit qualitatively different behaviors. We find that six different modes of locomotion emerge from our controller in response to environmental and morphological changes. We also find that different parts of the centipede model can exhibit different modes of locomotion, simultaneously, based on local morphological features. This controller can potentially aid in the design or evolution of robots, by quickly testing the potential of a morphology, or be used to get insights about underlying locomotion principles in the centipede.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"321-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Benefit Game 2.0: Alien Seaweed Swarms—Exploring the Interplay of Human Activity and Environmental Sustainability 利益游戏2.0：外星海藻群——探索人类活动与环境可持续性的相互作用。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00468
Dan-Lu Fei;Zi-Wei Wu;Kang Zhang
{"title":"Benefit Game 2.0: Alien Seaweed Swarms—Exploring the Interplay of Human Activity and Environmental Sustainability","authors":"Dan-Lu Fei;Zi-Wei Wu;Kang Zhang","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00468","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00468","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents Benefit Game 2.0, a multiscreen Artificial Life gameplay installation. Saccharina latissima, a seaweed species economically beneficial to humans but threatened by overexploitation, motivates the creation of this artwork. Technically, the authors create an underwater virtual ecosystem consisting of a seaweed swarm and symbiotic fungi, created using procedural content generation via machine learning and rule-based methods. Moreover, the work features a unique cybernetic loop structure, incorporating audience observation and game token interactions. This virtual system is also symbolically influenced in real time by indoor carbon dioxide measurements, serving as an artistic metaphor for the broader impacts of climate change. This integration with the physical game machine underscores the fragile relationship between human activities and the environment under severe global climate change and immerses the audience in the challenging balance between sustainability and profit seeking in this context.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"304-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complexity, Artificial Life, and Artificial Intelligence 复杂性、人工生命和人工智能。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00462
Carlos Gershenson
{"title":"Complexity, Artificial Life, and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Carlos Gershenson","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00462","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00462","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific fields of complexity, Artificial Life (ALife), and artificial intelligence (AI) share commonalities: historic, conceptual, methodological, and philosophical. Although their origins trace back to the 1940s birth of cybernetics, they were able to develop properly only as modern information technology became available. In this perspective, I offer a personal (and thus biased) account of the expectations and limitations of these fields, some of which have their roots in the limits of formal systems. I use interactions, self-organization, emergence, and balance to compare different aspects of complexity, ALife, and AI. Even when the trajectory of the article is influenced by my personal experience, the general questions posed (which outweigh the answers) will, I hope, be useful in aligning efforts in these fields toward overcoming—or accepting—their limits.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"289-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11154117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Word From the Editors. 编辑们的一句话。
IF 1.5 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1162/ARTL.e.11
Alan Dorin, Susan Stepney
{"title":"A Word From the Editors.","authors":"Alan Dorin, Susan Stepney","doi":"10.1162/ARTL.e.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/ARTL.e.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 3","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flow-Lenia: Emergent Evolutionary Dynamics in Mass Conservative Continuous Cellular Automata Flow-Lenia：质量保守连续元胞自动机的涌现进化动力学。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00471
Erwan Plantec;Gautier Hamon;Mayalen Etcheverry;Bert Wang-Chak Chan;Pierre-Yves Oudeyer;Clément Moulin-Frier
{"title":"Flow-Lenia: Emergent Evolutionary Dynamics in Mass Conservative Continuous Cellular Automata","authors":"Erwan Plantec;Gautier Hamon;Mayalen Etcheverry;Bert Wang-Chak Chan;Pierre-Yves Oudeyer;Clément Moulin-Frier","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00471","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00471","url":null,"abstract":"Central to the Artificial Life endeavor is the creation of artificial systems that spontaneously generate properties found in the living world, such as autopoiesis, self-replication, evolution, and open-endedness. Though numerous models and paradigms have been proposed, cellular automata (CA) have taken a very important place in the field, notably because they enable the study of phenomena like self-reproduction and autopoiesis. Continuous CA like Lenia have been shown to produce lifelike patterns reminiscent, from both aesthetic and ontological points of view, of biological organisms we call “creatures.” We propose Flow-Lenia, a mass conservative extension of Lenia. We present experiments demonstrating its effectiveness in generating spatially localized patterns with complex behaviors and show that the update rule parameters can be optimized to generate complex creatures showing behaviors of interest. Furthermore, we show that Flow-Lenia allows us to embed the parameters of the model, defining the properties of the emerging patterns, within its own dynamics, thus allowing for multispecies simulation. Using the evolutionary activity framework and other metrics, we shed light on the emergent evolutionary dynamics taking place in this system.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"31 2","pages":"228-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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