American Journal of Orthopsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Within-person trends in anxiety, depression, and social isolation among first-year college students before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Katherine M Ingram, Kyle Nickodem, Anne Drescher, Marisa E Marraccini, Jane Fruehwirth, Krista M Perreira","doi":"10.1037/ort0000929","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to differentiate groups based upon the ways undergraduate students at a large public university in the southeastern United States experienced depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and social isolation before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and how their experiences changed as the pandemic progressed. Specifically, current analyses examined within-person trends in mental health baseline and change values, identities of most likely class members, and associations among coping strategies used and latent profiles. First-year students were surveyed both before (October 2019 to February 2020) and after (June/July 2020) the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline values and change scores in depression, anxiety, and social isolation were used as indicators in a latent profile analysis, which yielded a six-class solution. Additionally, associations among latent mental health profiles and coping strategies used during lockdown were examined. While most of the sample remained in the same moderate or low severity range in which they started, profiles also emerged in which students (a) began with low severity across indicators and increased substantially, (b) began in high distress and remained that way, and (c) began in extremely high distress and decreased to moderate levels of distress. Latent profile associations with coping strategy and identity revealed modest associations between the latent profiles with increasing distress and coping via substance use and negative emotion expression. Avoidance was the most widely endorsed coping strategy. Campus responses should consider tiered or flexible approaches to support a high degree of heterogeneity among student mental health presentations and coping strategies and prepare to swiftly enact a needs assessment to guide resource allocation in times of collective crisis, in addition to ongoing assessment and conversation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core instructor competencies of mindfulness-based programming for youth: Delphi method consensus outcomes.","authors":"Joshua C Felver, Deborah L Schussler, Emily L Cary, Emily C Helminen, Mary Katherine A Schutt, Laura F Gould, Robert W Roeser","doi":"10.1037/ort0000918","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The implementation of mindfulness-based programming/interventions (MBP) for youth, and corresponding research, has proliferated in recent years. Absent from the current literature is an identification of core instructor competencies to effectively deliver MBP for youth. This research identified these competencies by establishing consensus opinion among expert mindfulness scholars and instructors. The Delphi method surveyed expert MBP scientists and instructors to identify consensus of instructor competencies of MBP for youth. The study's advisory board identified expert scientists based on topical publication record and peer nomination. Delphi Round 1 surveyed scientists (<i>n</i> = 19) to name and define potential instructor competencies; responses were qualitatively analyzed yielding 33 categorical codes. Delphi Round 2 recruited additional expert MBP instructors (<i>n</i> = 21) identified by scientist participants and peer instructor nomination. In Rounds 2 and 3 the full participant sample (expert scientists and instructors) were asked to consider the preceding Round's results and whether each of the 33 identified codes were an essential core instructor competency of MBPs for youth. Final Round 3 results indicated consensus (≥75% endorsement) of 11 of the 33 identified codes as core instructor competencies of MBP for youth. These findings are the first to report expert consensus of core instructor competencies of MBP for youth, and results have implications for future youth MBP curriculum development, specification of instructional competencies based on developmental characteristics of youth and instructors, program implementation, and research evaluation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At the height of the pandemic: Experiences of Latine caregivers in an online culturally adapted parenting intervention.","authors":"Tatiana Londoño, Eva Gonzalez Villanueva, Jaime Fuentes-Balderrama, Nancy G Amador Buenabad, Rubén Parra-Cardona","doi":"10.1037/ort0000928","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Culturally adapted parent training prevention interventions are critical for supporting the mental health and resilience of Latine immigrant families. Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, parent training programs transitioned to online delivery, increasing flexibility and expanding access. This qualitative study explored the experiences of first-generation Latine immigrant caregivers (<i>N</i> = 22) in central Texas-86.4% of whom were of Mexican origin-who participated in a culturally adapted, synchronous online parent training program during the pandemic. Most participants were mothers (21 of 22). Through thematic analysis of focus group data, four key themes were generated: (a) immigration-related experiences and parenting challenges, (b) intervention components that addressed these challenges, (c) barriers and facilitators to participation, and (d) ongoing parenting needs. Caregivers reported increased parenting confidence and skill acquisition, alongside a sense of validation and support through the online community. While the virtual format enhanced accessibility, some participants encountered technological barriers. Key facilitators included the cultural competence of interventionists and the creation of a safe space for sharing immigration experiences. Participants highlighted the needs for further adaptation, including more father engagement, adolescent-focused content, and support in addressing intergenerational parenting patterns. Findings underscore the importance of creating therapeutic spaces that acknowledge immigration-related trauma and stress while building parental resilience and family well-being. These findings provide valuable insights for improving online synchronous delivery formats to enhance accessibility while maintaining program effectiveness and cultural responsiveness, promoting mental health equity for immigrant communities. Clinical and empirical implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who falls victim to cyberbullying? Insights from linear regression and machine learning model in a socioecological perspective.","authors":"Chaoxin Jiang, Guowei Wan, Yutong Mei, Yao Chen, Ye Wu","doi":"10.1037/ort0000940","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent cyberbullying victimization has emerged as a pressing global concern, with complex risk factors spanning across multiple ecological levels. However, few studies have systematically examined multilevel determinants using large-scale, cross-national data. Guided by socioecological theory, this study examined associations between adolescent cyberbullying victimization and a range of individual, family, school, and community-level factors using both linear regression and machine learning approaches. The study drew on data from the 2019 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Survey on Social and Emotional Skills, involving 22,478 adolescents (<i>M</i>_age = 15.45, <i>SD</i> = 0.55; 51.77% female) from 10 cities worldwide. Both analytical approaches consistently identified a set of variables associated with cyberbullying victimization, including gender, grade, smoking, drinking, sleep problems, family material well-being, family conflict, parent-child relationships, parental punishment, school bullying, school climate, school connectedness, teacher expectations, teacher support, peer deviance, friendship quality, neighborhood connectedness, and neighborhood safety. In addition, the Shapley additive explanation analysis highlighted several variables that were less prominent in the traditional regression models, including body mass index and school anxiety. Findings underscore the multifaceted and cross-system nature of cyberbullying victimization among adolescents. Effective prevention efforts should adopt a multilevel approach that addresses risk and protective factors across individual, family, school, and community contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways from cultural and economic stressors to mental and behavioral health risks in Hispanic youth: The roles of perceived stress and multicultural hassles.","authors":"Duyen H Vo, Stefan Schneider, Ryan Lee, Su Yeong Kim, Jennifer B Unger, Myriam Forster, Seo Woo Lee, Sandy Andres, Monica Pattarroyo, Daniel W Soto, Seth J Schwartz","doi":"10.1037/ort0000934","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hispanic youth in the United States, including adolescents and young adults, face significant mental and behavioral health vulnerabilities. This observational study examined pathways through which cultural and economic stressors relate to depressive symptoms, aggressive/rule-breaking behavior, and tobacco and cannabis use among Hispanic youth. In addition to testing direct associations, we evaluate whether stress experiences (i.e., perceived stress, multicultural hassles) function as intervening variables that may help explain how youth internalize and attempt to cope with cultural and economic stressors. The sample is comprised of 198 Hispanic youth residing in the Los Angeles metro area (<i>M</i>_age = 18.38, <i>SD</i> = 1.29; 73% female). We modeled cultural stress as a latent construct composed of discrimination, negative context of reception, bicultural stress, within-group discrimination, and immigration-related stress. Economic stressor was marginally and directly associated with past-month cannabis use and tobacco use and was significantly indirectly linked with depressive symptoms through perceived stress. Cultural stressors, alongside economic stress, predicted multicultural hassles, which in turn were linked to depressive symptoms and aggressive/rule-breaking behaviors. Future research should prioritize culturally responsive interventions that reduce stress exposure and consider the nuanced ways Hispanic youth navigate cultural and economic challenges. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of racial discrimination in the relationships between neighborhood ethnic density, depression, and anxiety symptoms among Black, Asian, and Latine urban college students.","authors":"Ashley Feng, Deidre M Anglin","doi":"10.1037/ort0000931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neighborhood social factors have increasingly been found relevant for the mental health of ethnoracial minoritized young people. This study examined neighborhood ethnic density, the racial or ethnic composition of one's neighborhood, in relation to anxiety and depression and whether racial discrimination mediated these relations among specific ethnoracial minoritized groups in the United States. Participants were 1,019 ethnoracial minoritized undergraduate students at a large urban public university who completed self-report surveys and provided their zip codes. Perceived and zip code-level neighborhood ethnic density was attained both before and after age 12, given evidence that neighborhood ethnic density during childhood may be more relevant to mental health outcomes. Generalized estimating equations were computed, accounting for zip code clustering and deprivation. Discrimination mediated the relationship between zip code-level ethnic density and depression in the Latine sample and mediated the relationship between perceived ethnic density and depression in the Black and Latine samples. Perceived ethnic density had direct effects on depression and anxiety in the Asian sample. Notably, discordant minority density (residing in a neighborhood where a different racial minority group predominates) was associated with greater depressive symptoms for Black and Latine individuals and greater anxiety for Asian individuals. Findings suggest distal neighborhood cultural factors may influence mental health outcomes among minoritized young people in nuanced ways for specific ethnoracial groups, in part because of exposure to racial discrimination in these sociocultural contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents' perspectives on trajectories of well-being for immigrant youth from Central America.","authors":"Tatiana Londoño, Lauren E Gulbas, Luis H Zayas","doi":"10.1037/ort0000926","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the trajectories of well-being among immigrant youth in the United States using an ecodevelopmental and posttraumatic growth perspective. Immigrant youth were from the Northern Triangle of Central America and had recently been released from immigration family detention in the United States. Through time-ordered matrix thematic analysis of interviews with 15 mothers at baseline and follow-up (<i>N</i> = 30 interviews), the research revealed a complex landscape of challenges and adaptations during resettlement. While initial adverse emotional outcomes were common, these tended to improve over time as families gained stability in the United States. Family structure emerged as crucial, with unified families faring better than those fractured by immigration-related separation. Schools generally provided a protective environment, with mental health service access identified as a key protective factor. Proactive parents sought resources for their children, and social isolation at school was often mitigated by strengthened family relationships. Older children frequently assumed increased responsibilities, contributing to closer family bonds. Spiritual communities played a significant role in helping children cope with resettlement challenges and past migration traumas. The study highlights the intricate interplay of risk and protective factors shaping immigrant youth well-being. Central American immigrant youth demonstrated remarkable resilience, challenging deficit-based perspectives. The research calls for strength-based support systems that validate culturally specific identities, experiences, and skills; create flexible supportive networks; and recognize youths' capacity to transform migration challenges into opportunities for personal growth and resilience. These findings can inform culturally responsive practices, interventions, and policies to better support immigrant youth and families during resettlement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond access to equity: The contribution of predisposing, enabling, and need factors to psychiatric rehabilitation service utilization.","authors":"Ita Kofman, Rena Bina, Daniela Amital","doi":"10.1037/ort0000924","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People coping with severe mental illnesses (SMI) often face challenges in pursuing their recovery goals, reduced quality of life, and significant barriers to community participation. Psychiatric rehabilitation services (PRS) are intended to support individuals with SMI in leading meaningful lives, fostering autonomy, promoting social inclusion, and enhancing well-being. However, many eligible people do not utilize these services. This study examined factors associated with PRS utilization and how these findings could enhance service delivery and policy development considerations. In this cross-sectional study, 227 people with SMI entitled to PRS filled out an online survey distributed through social media and a psychiatric unit. The survey assessed utilization of PRS, knowledge about PRS, attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment, quality of provider-client relationship, and degree of shared decision making. PRS users showed greater knowledge (<i>M</i> = 8.17) and more positive attitudes (<i>M</i> = 3.40) than nonusers (<i>M</i> = 5.96, <i>M</i> = 2.41; <i>t</i> = -3.97, -8.29, respectively, <i>p</i> < .001). Quality of provider-client relationship (<i>M</i> = 4.77) and shared decision making (<i>M</i> = 31.73) were also higher among users compared to nonusers (<i>M</i> = 2.92, <i>M</i> = 11.96; <i>t</i> = -9.85, -10.68, respectively, <i>p</i> < .001). In the hierarchical logistic regression, positive attitudes (OR = 10.68, <i>p</i> < .001) and stronger provider-client relationships (<i>OR</i> = 2.42, <i>p</i> = .032) significantly predicted PRS utilization (<i>R</i>² = .599). Expanding the use of PRS may reduce hospitalizations, decrease system costs, and enhance community integration for individuals with SMI. Investing in recovery-oriented strategies that center service users as active agents, along with increasing mental health and PRS staffing to improve availability and reduce turnover, may promote help-seeking, improve quality of life, and bridge the gap between eligibility and actual PRS use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapists as nonviolent protesters.","authors":"Kevin R Tarlow, Camille M Booth, Alexandra L Timmins","doi":"10.1037/ort0000927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic racism and other forms of institutionalized discrimination are root causes of inequality. Therapists across the mental health professions are committed to dismantling these systems of oppression; however, there is little consensus about how therapists might achieve this goal. In this article, we explore how the strategies of nonviolent protest developed by Martin Luther King, Jr., during the U.S. civil rights movement are in many ways analogous to well-established common factors of psychotherapeutic change. A discussion of these similarities illustrates how therapists can engage in social action to dismantle racist systems using the invaluable skills they already possess. We conclude with six pragmatic principles adapted from King's method of nonviolent direct action that therapists can use to increase the effectiveness of their antiracism work. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience enablers at the intersection of minority status and cultural expectations: Insights from at-risk young adult Arabs in Israel.","authors":"Samah Mahamid, Yafit Sulimani-Aidan, Haneen Karram-Elias","doi":"10.1037/ort0000923","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the growing body of resilience research focusing on children and youth in stressful situations and environments, limited attention has been paid to the resilience of at-risk young adults and those from minority backgrounds, such as Arabs in Israel. Their status as at-risk members of an ethnic minority within a collectivist and patriarchal culture makes their situation particularly challenging, warranting greater empirical attention. In this study, we examined the resilience-enabling resources of this particular cohort within their sociopolitical, sociocultural, and interpersonal contexts. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 35 at-risk young adults. Constructivist grounded methodology revealed two core themes: (a) self-directed resilience and (b) family relations and institutional enablers. The findings demonstrate the complex dual influence of culture and ethnic minority status in shaping these young adults' resilience. Certain culturally rooted risks appeared to catalyze the development of internal resilience capacities, while family cultural norms and supportive relationships also functioned as powerful and indispensable pillars of resilience. The findings hold significant practical implications for the design of culturally sensitive interventions that address structural vulnerabilities while leveraging existing capabilities. Furthermore, adopting an identity-specific, strengths-based approach underscores how experiences of marginalization can serve as a foundation for developing unique strengths and competencies during emerging adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}