Is racism like other trauma exposures? Examining the unique mental health effects of racial/ethnic discrimination on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK
Chardée A Galán, Lillian Polanco-Roman, Henry A Willis, Emily N Satinsky, Adrelys Mateo Santana, Chantel T Ebrahimi, Elayne Zhou, Lorraine Y Howard
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Although scholars have increasingly drawn attention to the potentially traumatic nature of racial/ethnic discrimination, diagnostic systems continue to omit these exposures from trauma definitions. This study contributes to this discussion by examining the co-occurrence of conventional forms of potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) with in-person and online forms of racism-based potentially traumatic experiences (rPTEs) like racial/ethnic discrimination. Additionally, we investigated the unique association of rPTEs with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), accounting for demographics and other PTEs. Participants were (N = 570) 12-to-17-year-old (Mage = 14.53; 51.93% female) ethnoracially minoritized adolescents (54.21% Black; 45.79% Latiné). Youth completed online surveys of PTEs, in-person and online rPTEs, and mental health. Bivariate analyses indicated that youth who reported in-person and online rPTEs were more likely to experience all conventional PTEs. Accounting for demographics and conventional PTEs, in-person and online rPTEs were significantly associated with PTSD (in-person: aOR = 2.60, 95% CI [1.39, 4.86]; online: aOR = 2.74, 95% CI [1.41, 5.34]) and GAD (in-person: aOR = 2.94, 95% CI [1.64, 5.29]; online: aOR = 2.25, 95% CI [1.24, 4.04]) and demonstrated the strongest effect sizes of all trauma exposures. In-person, but not online, rPTEs were linked with an increased risk for MDD (aOR = 4.47, 95% CI [1.77, 11.32]). Overall, rPTEs demonstrated stronger associations with PTSD, MDD, and GAD compared to conventional PTEs. Findings align with racial trauma frameworks proposing that racial/ethnic discrimination is a unique traumatic stressor with distinct mental health impacts on ethnoracially minoritized youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

种族主义与其他创伤一样吗?研究种族/民族歧视对创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、重度抑郁障碍(MDD)和广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)的独特心理健康影响。
尽管越来越多的学者开始关注种族/民族歧视的潜在创伤性质,但诊断系统仍然在创伤定义中忽略了这些暴露。本研究通过考察传统形式的潜在创伤经历(PTEs)与人际和网络形式的基于种族主义的潜在创伤经历(rPTEs)(如种族/民族歧视)的共存情况,为这一讨论做出了贡献。此外,我们还调查了 rPTEs 与创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)、重度抑郁障碍 (MDD) 和广泛性焦虑障碍 (GAD) 的独特关联,并考虑了人口统计学和其他 PTEs。参与者为(N = 570)12 至 17 岁的少数民族青少年(Mage = 14.53;51.93% 为女性)(54.21% 为黑人;45.79% 为拉丁裔)。青少年完成了有关 PTEs、现场和在线 rPTEs 以及心理健康的在线调查。双变量分析表明,报告了亲身和在线 rPTEs 的青少年更有可能经历所有传统的 PTEs。考虑到人口统计学和常规 PTEs,亲身和在线 rPTEs 与创伤后应激障碍显著相关(亲身:aOR = 2.60,95% CI [1.39,4.86];在线:aOR = 2.74,95% CI [1.41,5.34])和 GAD(面对面:aOR = 2.94,95% CI [1.64,5.29];在线:aOR = 2.25,95% CI [1.24,4.04])相关,在所有创伤暴露中显示出最强的效应大小。亲身而非在线的 rPTE 与 MDD 风险增加有关(aOR = 4.47,95% CI [1.77,11.32])。总体而言,与传统的 PTE 相比,rPTE 与创伤后应激障碍、多发性抑郁症和抑郁强迫症的关联性更强。研究结果与种族创伤框架相一致,该框架认为种族/民族歧视是一种独特的创伤应激源,对少数民族青少年的心理健康具有独特的影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
3.00%
发文量
74
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry publishes articles that clarify, challenge, or reshape the prevailing understanding of factors in the prevention and correction of injustice and in the sustainable development of a humane and just society.
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