American Journal of Orthopsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Climbing the ladder: Subjective social status in a sample of youth from LGBTQ+ parent families.","authors":"Kay A Simon, Madi T Diomede, Greyson Arnold, Rachel H Farr","doi":"10.1037/ort0000844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective social status (SSS) is an important indicator of health outcomes, yet little is known about SSS among youth in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) parent families, who are characterized by substantial diversity (e.g., race/ethnicity, sexual and gender identity, socioeconomic status). Youth with LGBTQ+ parents are also underrepresented in the family science literature. To address this gap, this study involved semistructured interviews from 50 youth (12-25 years old) with LGBTQ+ parents in the United States regarding perceptions of their family's SSS. A coding manual thematic analysis resulted in five themes: <i>common indicators of socioeconomic status, language reflecting class status, behaviors reflecting class status, contextual understandings of SSS,</i> and <i>unexpected crises</i>. Analyses suggested that participants' (and their parents') identities were descriptively associated with participants' understanding of SSS. Findings provide a greater understanding of SSS and associated characteristics (e.g., gender identity; geographic region) among youth and broaden our understanding of how intersectional social positions may produce novel experiences and outcomes (e.g., gender and household structure impacting SSS rather than LGBTQ+ identity independently). These findings provide clear targets for interventions, community programs, and public policies that promote youth development, especially among LGBTQ+ parent families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of meta-analyses on sexual recidivism and treatment factors: Implications for forensic examiners.","authors":"Graham Danzer, Emily Gottfried, Kymmalett Ross, Tobias Wasser","doi":"10.1037/ort0000846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a historical background and narrative review of meta-analyses on sex offender sexual recidivism and treatment, as anchor points for forensic mental health testimony in civil commitment hearings. Themes flowing from the meta-analyses included sexual recidivism for adults and juveniles, jurisdictional differences, treatment versus no treatment, empirically supported risk factors, operational definition of recidivism, offense type, motivation, research design, length of follow-up, diversity considerations, and treatment model, modality, specialization, and setting. We show where meta-analytic results appear to converge and diverge. We also present important null findings, findings from individual studies, and limitations. Our review suggests an examiner's opinion in favor of commitment may be more persuasive when anchored in the individual's history of repeat sexual offending, sexual deviancy, antisociality, and dropout from treatment. Procommitment opinions may be further supported via mention of longer follow-ups generally predicting more sexual recidivism, potentially higher numbers of unreported sex crimes, and the limitations of treatment and rehabilitation studies. An examiner's opinion in disfavor to commitment can be anchored in generally low rates of sexual reoffending, most meta-analyses supporting substantial treatment benefit even for high-risk individuals, studies suggesting rehabilitation failures may have much to do with poor quality treatment, inadequate research on cultural minority individuals, and perhaps null findings on voluntary versus involuntary treatment and the operational definition of sexual recidivism. Limitations of our recommended approach include that meta-analyses have a high proportion of redundant and older samples, often use nonequivalent statistical procedures, and may overlook important findings from individual studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived workplace discrimination and recovery of people with mental illness: The mediating roles of self-stigma, organizational justice, and psychological capital.","authors":"Henry C Y Ho, Chung Ho Chan, Ying Chuen Chan, Kevin Ka Shing Chan","doi":"10.1037/ort0000849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to examine the impact of perceived workplace discrimination (PWD) on the recovery of people with mental illness (PMI). Grounded in social cognitive theory, it was hypothesized that PWD is associated with poorer clinical, functional, and personal recovery through the underlying mechanisms of self-stigma, organizational justice, and psychological capital (PsyCap). A total of 265 employed PMI in Hong Kong, diagnosed with anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or other psychotic disorders, completed a structured questionnaire assessing PWD, self-stigma, organizational justice, PsyCap, symptom remission, functional restoration, and personal recovery. Serial mediation analysis revealed that PWD had an indirect association with all three recovery outcomes through the mediating factors of self-stigma, organizational justice, and PsyCap. Specifically, PWD was found to be linked to worsened recovery by exacerbating PMI's endorsement of negative stereotypes and prejudicial attitudes, reducing their perceptions of organizational justice, and subsequently depleting their psychological resources. This study provides initial evidence that discrimination against PMI in the workplace significantly hinders their recovery. The findings underscore the crucial role of organizational justice in fostering PsyCap, which in turn facilitates the recovery of PMI. Employers and managers are encouraged to prioritize addressing workplace discrimination and maintaining a fair and just work environment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness and strength-based prevention for Latine families: A pilot randomized study.","authors":"Daniela Sarmiento Hernández, Maryam Kia-Keating","doi":"10.1037/ort0000839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mindfulness and strength-based prevention programs hold promise in building family and individual assets and providing buffering for Latine families facing adversity. However, their use and effectiveness for this population remains underresearched and warrants further study (Clarke et al., 2022). Latine families are disproportionately affected by stressors that impact mental and physical health outcomes (Nagy et al., 2022). Socioecological and family systems models help to underscore the influence of contextual factors and multiple levels of youth's social ecologies on mental health outcomes and ways to support resilience and positive youth trajectories. This mixed-methods study presents acceptability and preliminary effectiveness data on a brief child and caregiver resilience program (Honor, Educación, Respeto, Oportunidad, Esperanza, Soluciones), incorporating mindfulness and restorative practices. Codesigned with community partners, the program involved four sessions facilitated by promotores de salud (community health workers) and peer mentors. Participants included 42 Mexican origin youth and 39 Mexican immigrant female caregivers. Measures examined mindfulness and depression for youth and parenting stress for caregivers. The program demonstrated high acceptability, with 100% youth attendance and 95% caregiver attendance. Youth narrative responses revealed key themes about their motivations for practicing mindfulness and their perceptions of the practice on their socioemotional well-being. Mixed analysis of covariances show that, postsurvey, youth in Honor, Educación, Respeto, Oportunidad, Esperanza, Soluciones reported less depression and caregivers reported decreased parenting stress compared to the waitlist control group (<i>p</i> < .05). Results highlight the importance of considering relational and contextual elements that may impact Latine youth and families across socioecological levels. Clinical and research implications for mindfulness and strength-based, culturally relevant prevention efforts will be discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No breath(work) without bread: Toward an integrated paradigm for community-owned mindfulness interventions to address structural drivers of human development and health disparities.","authors":"Matthew J Lyons, Deanna M Kaplan, Sarah H Cross, Roman Palitsky","doi":"10.1037/ort0000841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly used in clinical and community settings and show significant potential to address a broad range of physical and mental health outcomes. This potential has led to calls for ever greater implementation of MBIs internationally, particularly with vulnerable populations and in low-resource settings. However, the effectiveness of MBIs has not been unequivocally demonstrated across populations, contexts, and health outcomes, with some studies failing to show treatment effects or even showing iatrogenic effects. Simultaneously, health care and public health systems globally struggle to address population health needs within a medical paradigm that, in general, individualizes pathology while obscuring the structural causes of health disparities. It is therefore critical to note that most research and practice in the mindfulness space have focused on change processes exclusively at the individual level. In populations lacking access to basic needs such as physical safety, food, shelter, social support, health care, education, and financial stability, change processes at the individual level do not adequately address the conditions that impact human development and produce disease. In this article, we make a call to action urging MBI implementers in global health to (a) center community ownership; (b) attend to inequities in power both within communities and between researchers and communities; (c) engage cross-sector networks of community stakeholders to identify resources, resiliencies, and areas of most urgent need; (d) address community-defined needs and change processes at multiple social-ecological levels; and (e) incorporate complementary interventions that address both basic needs and the social drivers of human development and disease. Drawing on developments in implementation science, social science, and community practice, we provide guidance on directions and methods for future work to achieve these ends. Using this guidance, researchers and interventionists may catalyze the development of a community-owned, materially engaged, relational model of MBI, which has the potential to effect positive social change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bedouin families in unrecognized villages in the trap of reality: Perspectives of risk and protection among parents and young children.","authors":"Ibtisam Marey-Sarwan","doi":"10.1037/ort0000847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bedouin population living in unrecognized villages (UVs) in the Naqab/Negev region constitutes an ethnic and cultural minority that represents the most disadvantaged sector of Israeli society across economic, social, and educational spheres. This article is based on two research projects conducted in the UVs, involving 46 Bedouin mothers and 38 children aged 4-5 years, focusing on their perspectives regarding risk and protection. The research aims to amplify the voices of individuals who are often unheard, shedding light on the lived realities of families amid ongoing political conflict. Using a qualitative, context-informed approach, the study highlights significant challenges faced by these families due to their marginalized status and reveals both differences and similarities in risk perceptions between mothers and children. Mothers provide insights into family dynamics, cultural expectations, and sociopolitical obstacles-such as the lack of essential services-that shape their views on risk and protection. In contrast, children share unique reflections based on immediate experiences-such as fears of the dark and the absence of safe areas-often lacking the broader contextual awareness present in adults. Both groups identified family and community support as important protective factors. However, mothers also highlighted spirituality, education, and technology, while children pointed to nature, pets, and their homes as meaningful coping mechanisms. Study results can be used to advocate for targeted policies and practical recommendations to address the unique needs of Bedouin families in UVs, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive interventions that consider historical, sociopolitical, and ecological contexts, ultimately informing more effective support strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life events and postpartum depressive symptoms among Black and Latina mothers: The role of protective factors.","authors":"Ciara S Venter, Diego I Barcala-Delgado, Maureen Perry-Jenkins","doi":"10.1037/ort0000842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately, 15% of women in the United States experience postpartum depression, but Black and Latina women continue to suffer at disproportionately higher rates. While literature has shown that the experience of life stressors is a strong predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms, less research has examined personal and contextual resources that can protect minoritized groups from poor mental health outcomes during the perinatal period. The current article investigated whether four types of protective factors (family support, doctor support, nurse support, and perceived control) moderated the hypothesized relationship between life events and postpartum depressive symptoms. Participants included 122 working-class Black and Latina women who were recruited during their third trimester of pregnancy from local community spaces in the Southern New England region of the United States. Results from path analyses revealed that family support and nurse support moderated the positive association between life events and postpartum depressive symptoms at 1-year postpartum, with more life events predicting higher levels of depressive symptoms under conditions of low support. Further, family support and perceived control were associated with fewer depressive symptoms at 1-year postpartum. This study underscores the importance of interpersonal factors, specifically support from family and nurses, in shaping mental health outcomes for Black and Latina mothers amid life stressors. Findings hold important implications for clinicians and health care practitioners that can inform perinatal interventions leveraging these resources for these minoritized groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Poverty, piety, and pride\": The acceptance of poverty in the American Ultraorthodox Jewish community.","authors":"Nechumi Malovicki-Yaffe, Eldar Shafir","doi":"10.1037/ort0000825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we delved into the personal and societal impacts of poverty in the low-income Ultraorthodox Jewish communities of Williamsburg, Borough Park, Lakewood, and Passaic along the East Coast of the United States. Based on 44 interviews with individuals who live in poverty, three main themes were found. The first revolved around issues of identity unique to Ultraorthodox society, characterized by deliberate segregation, the preservation of tradition, and a sense of moral superiority. The second theme revolved around the fact that these values/goals create challenges for people who are poor: Namely, they have expenses that are typical of the community but difficult to meet, such as high tuition in Ultraorthodox schools, the costs of their children's marriages, and purchasing (expensive) clothing traditionally worn by members of this sector. The way in which these individuals handle such challenges was reflected in the third theme, revealing how community resources and support for poverty management often entrench them in poverty instead of eradicating it. The study reveals an ironic twist: The social capital and support networks meant to empower those in need may instead reinforce a state of dependency, obstructing empowerment initiatives and further entrenching poverty within these communities. The study concludes with proposals for policy changes that aim to alleviate poverty while preserving the fundamental community framework. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of kinship involvement in developing strengths for youth in the foster care system.","authors":"Nicole Hodgkinson, Taira Masuda, Scott C Leon","doi":"10.1037/ort0000840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For youth involved in foster care, maltreatment poses enormous challenges to healthy development. The involvement of kin and fictive kin in children's lives has been shown to be a protective factor following maltreatment and may therefore aid in youth's strength development. The present study investigated the association between kin and fictive kin involvement and longitudinal strengths development among youth in foster care (<i>N</i> = 300). We then examined whether any deleterious relationship between maltreatment and strengths development is buffered by kin and fictive kin involvement. Using the child and adolescent needs and strengths measure, youth strengths were categorized into four domains: community involvement (i.e., spiritual/religious, talents/interests, community life), psychosocial (i.e., optimism, coping/savoring, interpersonal), relationships (i.e., family, relationship permanence), and educational setting. Using multilevel modeling to estimate and predict strengths trajectories, results showed that kin and fictive kin involvement was associated gains in relationship and community involvement strengths. After adjusting for possible false discoveries, maltreatment was not associated with strengths trajectories, nor was the interaction between maltreatment and kin and fictive kin involvement. These results indicate that kin and fictive kin involvement may not just play a role in preventing negative outcomes but may also play a vital role in supporting youth thriving. These results further support efforts to find, engage, and support kin and fictive kin, so that their importance in children's development is realized. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health, mortality, and migration: A 15-year follow-up cohort of persons experiencing homelessness.","authors":"Fran Calvo, Xavier Carbonell, Sarah Johnsen","doi":"10.1037/ort0000831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the health status and mortality of a cohort of persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) over a 15-year period in Girona, Spain. A prospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 855 PEH from 2006 to 2021, with sociodemographic and clinical data gathered from public health and social records. During the follow-up period, 6.4% of the sample died, with an average age of death of 53.4 years. Leading causes of death included cancer, suicide, heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, drug overdose, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, meningitis, and sepsis. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, alcohol addiction, and being born in Spain were the factors most strongly correlated with the mortality of PEH. Study findings underscore the significant health issues and sociohealth care inequalities faced by this population and highlight particular disparities between native-born and migrant PEH. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}