American Journal of Orthopsychiatry最新文献_第6页

The process of racial bias awareness in White Americans: Qualitative themes of bias, justifications, and emotions across the lifespan. 美国白人种族偏见意识的过程：贯穿一生的偏见、理由和情绪的定性主题。

IF 2.1 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000922

Jennifer F Beatty-Wright, Jonathan E Doriscar, Patrick L Hill, Seanna Leath

{"title":"The process of racial bias awareness in White Americans: Qualitative themes of bias, justifications, and emotions across the lifespan.","authors":"Jennifer F Beatty-Wright, Jonathan E Doriscar, Patrick L Hill, Seanna Leath","doi":"10.1037/ort0000922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000922","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we use a mixed methods approach to analyze how age-diverse White Americans (N = 344) make meaning of specific instances of personal racial bias. We used a postpositivist research paradigm (Ponterotto, 2010; Ryan, 2006) to better understand how White adults assigned meaning to their past experiences of perpetuating racial bias. By integrating and expanding models of emotions (Ekman, 1992; Ford et al., 2022; Grzanka et al., 2020; Stephan & Stephan, 1985) and bias justifications (Condor et al., 2006; Crandall & Eshleman, 2003; Ford et al., 2022), we examined how White adults reflected on their bias by spontaneously using bias justifications and emotions. Regarding themes of bias, 87% of participants displayed beliefs that a person's racial group provides information about how dangerous or criminal they are. Age-diverse adults offered a range of bias justifications, including attributing their bias to various intergroup processes, like intergroup anxiety. In addition, participants most frequently indicated forms of sadness (including self-conscious emotions such as shame) about their bias. These types of justifications and emotions interrupt motivations to seek out interracial contexts or regulate their bias in the future. Specific types of bias, emotions, and justifications only differed moderately by age. Qualitative analysis demonstrated that most individuals' bias recognition was disconnected from a critical examination of how their racial bias justifications and emotions may help them maintain bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The experiences of palestinian migrant workers in the context of political conflict. 巴勒斯坦移徙工人在政治冲突背景下的经验。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000932

Nuzha Allassad Alhuzail

{"title":"The experiences of palestinian migrant workers in the context of political conflict.","authors":"Nuzha Allassad Alhuzail","doi":"10.1037/ort0000932","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000932","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how Palestinian migrant workers understand the meaning of global citizenship within two distinct political contexts: Israel and Germany. Based on in-depth interviews with 40 workers, 30 employed in Israel under an occupation-based permit regime and 10 residing in Germany within a formal international migration system, the findings reveal that global citizenship is understood less as a legal status and more as a relational and ethical construct shaped by lived experiences of inequality, dignity, and human connection. Workers in Germany described global citizenship as an aspirational, rights-oriented ideal, linked to recognition and future mobility opportunities. In contrast, those employed in Israel articulated it primarily through daily survival, loyalty, and interpersonal respect within a securitized labor system marked by restricted movement and structural discrimination. The study identifies significant psychological, social, and structural burdens faced by workers in both contexts, including different manifestations of racism, bureaucratic exclusion, and precarity. Importantly, the findings highlight clear policy implications: the need for labor protections, simplified permit procedures, stronger oversight of employers, and rights-based reforms that reduce vulnerability and promote equality. By foregrounding the voices of a marginalized population often rendered invisible, the study contributes evidence to support policy change aimed at enhancing justice, dignity, and well-being for Palestinian workers navigating conditions of conflict and displacement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mothers' psychological distress in wartime: The roles of intolerance of uncertainty, parental self-efficacy, and optimism. 战时母亲的心理困扰：对不确定性的不容忍、父母自我效能和乐观主义的作用。

IF 2.1 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000925

Liat Hamama, Yaira Hamama-Raz, Osnat Lavenda

{"title":"Mothers' psychological distress in wartime: The roles of intolerance of uncertainty, parental self-efficacy, and optimism.","authors":"Liat Hamama, Yaira Hamama-Raz, Osnat Lavenda","doi":"10.1037/ort0000925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000925","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we examined psychological distress, specifically symptoms of depression and anxiety, among mothers of children aged 0-17 years during a prolonged period of war and armed conflict. Guided by Hobfoll's conservation of resources theory, we focused on personal characteristics and resources, exploring how intolerance of uncertainty, parental self-efficacy, and optimism predicted mothers' psychological distress. The study included 403 Israeli mothers who, over the past 2 years, experienced ongoing exposure to geopolitical violence and security threats, including the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel, the Swords of Iron War, and the recent 12-day conflict between Iran and Israel. Participants completed online self-report questionnaires assessing anxiety, depression, intolerance of uncertainty, parental self-efficacy, and optimism. Results revealed that intolerance of uncertainty was indirectly linked to psychological distress through its effects on parental self-efficacy and optimism, highlighting the interconnected roles of these internal resources in shaping mothers' mental health during prolonged periods of stress and uncertainty. These findings underscore the importance of fostering parental self-efficacy and optimism to buffer the negative impact of intolerance of uncertainty on psychological distress during ongoing conflict. Findings are discussed in the context of conservation of resources theory, with implications for interventions that are likely applicable across cultures exposed to chronic threat and uncertainty. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychosis, intimate partner violence, and self-esteem among a clinical sample of African American women with suicidal ideation. 精神病，亲密伴侣暴力，和自尊在非裔美国妇女自杀意念的临床样本。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000919

Ellen R Gutowski, Alexis Jones, Danielle R Mason, Oluwaseun T Lasile, Joju M Olojede, Meredith A Blackwell, Sarah E Dunn, Nadine J Kaslow

{"title":"Psychosis, intimate partner violence, and self-esteem among a clinical sample of African American women with suicidal ideation.","authors":"Ellen R Gutowski, Alexis Jones, Danielle R Mason, Oluwaseun T Lasile, Joju M Olojede, Meredith A Blackwell, Sarah E Dunn, Nadine J Kaslow","doi":"10.1037/ort0000919","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000919","url":null,"abstract":"Both psychotic symptoms (i.e., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/behavior, reduced emotional expression, social withdrawal, lack of motivation) and intimate partner violence (IPV; i.e., abuse by a current or former partner or spouse) disproportionately affect African American women who face increased mortality and morbidity associated with IPV due to delayed help-seeking. However, little research has focused on the association between these two concerns. Moreover, there is a dearth of information about mediators of the psychotic symptoms-IPV exposure link and virtually no exploration of this link among African American women. The current cross-sectional investigation using secondary self-report data from a clinical sample of 208 African American women ages 18-59 with a prior suicide attempt used multiple regression to examine whether there is an association between psychotic symptoms and three types of IPV (controlling, nonphysical, and physical abuse). Next, it explored whether two forms of self-esteem (based on self-perceptions and others' perceptions) mediated the psychotic symptoms-IPV exposure link. Findings supported an association between psychotic symptoms and exposure to all three forms of IPV. Neither form of self-esteem was a mediator in the psychotic symptoms-physical abuse relation. Further, while self-esteem based on self-perceptions did not mediate the psychotic symptoms-controlling behaviors link nor the psychotic symptoms-nonphysical abuse association, self-esteem based on others' perceptions did. As other-based self-esteem is shaped by one's social and cultural contexts and reflects experiences with ongoing abuse, stigma, racism, and gender-based oppression, findings highlight the value of frameworks that situate experiences of IPV as shaped by context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two sides of the same coin? What shapes social workers' decisions to stay or leave social service departments. 同一枚硬币的两面？社会工作者决定离开或留在社会服务部门的原因。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000921

Noam Tarshish, Hagit Sinai-Glazer, Michal Koreh

{"title":"Two sides of the same coin? What shapes social workers' decisions to stay or leave social service departments.","authors":"Noam Tarshish, Hagit Sinai-Glazer, Michal Koreh","doi":"10.1037/ort0000921","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000921","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines social workers' decisions to stay or leave social service departments in Israel. Previous research has primarily focused on factors influencing either retention or turnover separately, with limited exploration of common denominators affecting both decisions. Drawing on interviews and focus groups with 22 current and 25 former social workers, we identify three key tensions that influence both retention and turnover: (a) between supportive guidance and supervision and professional isolation; (b) between stable and balanced working conditions and imbalanced, precarious employment; and (c) between a sense of professional accomplishment and meaningful impact and feelings of helplessness and inadequacy. These tensions highlight the multifaceted nature of factors influencing social workers' career decisions, emphasizing common elements that, when present, contribute to retention, and when absent or negative, might cause turnover. The findings contribute to the literature on social work retention by emphasizing the importance of supervisory support, employment conditions, and sense of professional efficacy. Understanding these common denominators can inform strategies to improve working conditions and retention in social services globally. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do gendered racial microaggressions predict hypervigilance over and above racial microaggressions among college-aged Black women over time? 性别种族微侵犯是否预示着大学年龄黑人女性随着时间的推移对种族微侵犯的高度警惕？

IF 2.1 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000920

Natalie N Watson-Singleton, Jioni A Lewis, Yara Mekawi

{"title":"Do gendered racial microaggressions predict hypervigilance over and above racial microaggressions among college-aged Black women over time?","authors":"Natalie N Watson-Singleton, Jioni A Lewis, Yara Mekawi","doi":"10.1037/ort0000920","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000920","url":null,"abstract":"Although there has been an increase in research on Black women and microaggressions, the purpose of this study was to examine the relations between two types of microaggressions-racial and gendered racial microaggressions-and hypervigilance, a known symptom of anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. We were also interested in whether gendered racial microaggressions accounted for variance over and above racial microaggressions in predicting hypervigilance in Black women both cross-sectionally and over time. Participants were 236 Black women in the Midwest who completed this study in a research laboratory. Results from a series of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that gendered racial microaggressions predicted variance in hypervigilance over and above the effect of racial microaggressions over time. This study highlights the incremental impact of gendered racial microaggressions-a type of intersectional stressor-on hypervigilance over and above what could be explained by racial microaggressions alone, which further supports the value of using intersectional frameworks and measures when conducting research on Black women's health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural violence and the mental health of asylum-seeking minors: A retrospective directed content analysis. 结构性暴力与寻求庇护的未成年人的心理健康：一项回顾性定向内容分析。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000915

Rebecca E Ford-Paz, Stephanie Torres, Dana Rusch, Nicole St Jean, Ida Salusky

{"title":"Structural violence and the mental health of asylum-seeking minors: A retrospective directed content analysis.","authors":"Rebecca E Ford-Paz, Stephanie Torres, Dana Rusch, Nicole St Jean, Ida Salusky","doi":"10.1037/ort0000915","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000915","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide rates of asylum seeking are at a historic high. Globally, there are over 122 million displaced individuals, with youth under 18 comprising approximately 40% of this population. The United States is one of the largest receiving countries for asylum seekers including unaccompanied minors and families seeking asylum. Minors seeking asylum have heightened vulnerability to the adverse effects of structural and subsequent interpersonal violence due to their developmental stage and reliance on adult caregivers. Given this, we conducted a retrospective content analysis of 13 medical-legal affidavits of asylum-seeking youth arriving in the United States between 2016 and 2020 to understand their lived experience and the legal and institutional structures that impact them. Using an ecosocial theoretical framework, we describe how structural violence (e.g., policies that create environments of oppression) during the stages of migration and postmigration increases the risk of interpersonal violence and jeopardizes their mental health and well-being. Findings highlight both the increased risk for psychological distress and noteworthy resilience and protective factors youth demonstrate. We consider the holistic experiences of asylum-seeking minors to inform policy recommendations that can support positive youth development and resilience during migration and resettlement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Codesigning a mindfulness-based intervention with community violence intervention workers and youth: The power of participatory research. 与社区暴力干预工作者和青年共同设计基于正念的干预：参与性研究的力量。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000916

Caitlin Elsaesser, Jeffrey Proulx, Maritza Vasquez Reyes, Jolaade Kalinowski, Jacquelyn Santiago, Vivien Roman-Hampton, C L Dominique Courts, Kim M Gans

{"title":"Codesigning a mindfulness-based intervention with community violence intervention workers and youth: The power of participatory research.","authors":"Caitlin Elsaesser, Jeffrey Proulx, Maritza Vasquez Reyes, Jolaade Kalinowski, Jacquelyn Santiago, Vivien Roman-Hampton, C L Dominique Courts, Kim M Gans","doi":"10.1037/ort0000916","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000916","url":null,"abstract":"Youth living in marginalized neighborhoods and the adults who support them experience a burden of high stress, including exposure to firearm violence, as a result of targeted structural violence. Multigenerational interventions that foster well-being are vital given the potential for caring adults to mitigate the effects of violence on youth. Guided by a trauma-informed, community-based participatory research approach, and the \"adapt and evaluate\" framework, the present study details the process by which teens impacted by gun violence, community violence intervention (CVI) workers, and university researchers collaborated to cocreate a multigenerational, culture-centered mindfulness-based intervention (MBI). Researchers collaborated with youth coresearchers to conduct focus groups with adolescents (N = 26) and CVI workers (N = 15) to explore sources of stress and coping to inform the adaption of an MBI. Data were coanalyzed with youth coresearchers, revealing sources of stress for youth and CVI workers. As an outcome of this process, an MBI was created for both youth and workers. Focus groups were conducted with adolescents (N = 8) and workers (N = 20) to explore reactions to the pilot. Stemming from the strong relationships between university researchers and the community partners, a key finding was the importance of cocreating mindfulness supports not only for youth but also for CVI workers who support them. Our success underscores that when collaboratively developed with a beginner's mind, MBIs are a promising tool for fostering resilience in communities disproportionately affected by structural oppression. This study illustrates how shared power, cultural adaptation, and community ownership can strengthen both the relevance and sustainability of MBIs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing conceptual pillars of restrictions on gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs for transgender adolescents. 解决跨性别青少年对促性腺激素释放激素类似物限制的概念支柱。

IF 1.9 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000891

Sinéad Murano-Kinney, Florence Ashley

引用次数: 0

Predictors of 1-year housing outcomes among young adults experiencing homelessness enrolled in a rapid rehousing program. 参加快速安置计划的无家可归的年轻人1年住房结果的预测因素。

IF 2.1 3区医学

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000917

Julia London, Thao Le, Peter Ducharme, Faith Scanlon, Kevin Potter, Kim T Mueser, Corinne Cather

{"title":"Predictors of 1-year housing outcomes among young adults experiencing homelessness enrolled in a rapid rehousing program.","authors":"Julia London, Thao Le, Peter Ducharme, Faith Scanlon, Kevin Potter, Kim T Mueser, Corinne Cather","doi":"10.1037/ort0000917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000917","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about predictors of housing instability for young adults participating in a Boston-area rapid rehousing program over the course of 1 year. We analyzed de-identified data from young adults enrolled in a rapid rehousing program between April 2020 and March 2022. The primary outcome was housing success, defined as acquiring independent housing or securing a second-year rapid rehousing lease. Mental health, substance use, service utilization, employment, experiences of interpersonal violence, and pregnancy were collected at baseline and at 3-month intervals for 1 year. Data were analyzed for 104 young adults, comprising primarily of transition-age youth (M = 21.2 years) of color (86.5%) with histories of interpersonal violence exposure (51.9%) and high rates of past-month cannabis use (72.1%). Approximately two thirds (64.4%) of participants had a successful housing outcome at 1 year. A total of 24.5% (13/53) of participants who were female at birth became pregnant after being enrolled in rapid rehousing, and 100% of females at birth who became pregnant experienced interpersonal violence during rapid rehousing. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified days of cannabis use in the 30 days prior to baseline and the experience of interpersonal violence or becoming pregnant during rapid rehousing as independent predictors of unsuccessful housing outcome. Results suggest the value of integrating evidence-based approaches for substance use, relational trauma, and reproductive health into rapid rehousing programs for young adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0