Christopher P Salas-Wright, Seth J Schwartz, Juliana Mejía-Trujillo, Sehun Oh, María Pineros-Leano, Estefanía C Palacios-Pizarro, María Fernanda García, Melissa M Bates, Ivonne Calderón, Patricia Andrade, Augusto Pérez-Gómez, Mildred M Maldonado-Molina
{"title":"The role of sociocultural context in the mental health of Venezuelan crisis migrants: A cross-national, multisite comparison.","authors":"Christopher P Salas-Wright, Seth J Schwartz, Juliana Mejía-Trujillo, Sehun Oh, María Pineros-Leano, Estefanía C Palacios-Pizarro, María Fernanda García, Melissa M Bates, Ivonne Calderón, Patricia Andrade, Augusto Pérez-Gómez, Mildred M Maldonado-Molina","doi":"10.1037/ort0000962","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crisis migration research has advanced our understanding by highlighting the importance of a comprehensive perspective and consideration of experiences across the migration life course. However, one shortcoming is that the paradigm's focus on acute stress and trauma in the pre- and postmigration contexts often overlooks the more quotidian challenges of adjusting to a new social, cultural, and environmental context. Drawing from a sample of Venezuelan crisis migrants resettled in distinct contexts within Colombia and Florida (United States), the present study aimed to examine the sociocultural adjustment of Venezuelan crisis migrants, with particular attention to potential cross-national and contextual-level differences. Surveyed in 2023-2024, the sample includes 1,243 adults who had emigrated from Venezuela since 2015 and currently reside in Colombia (<i>n</i> = 568) or Florida (<i>n</i> = 675). Venezuelans who relocated to Florida reported higher levels of sociocultural adjustment than those who migrated to Colombia, reflecting overall easier adjustment in Florida. Sociocultural adjustment was robustly and negatively associated with depressive symptoms, even when controlling for key migration-related stressors. We also found that sociocultural adjustment and migration-related stressors interact in their relationship to depressive symptoms, such that pre- and postmigration stressors are less connected to depressive symptoms among individuals who find their sociocultural environment relatively easy to adjust to. The findings contribute to crisis migration research by shedding light on how sociocultural adaptation varies significantly by receiving site and how it is associated with mental health, above and beyond the effects of key migration-related stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13483329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eran P Melkman, Yuval Paldi, Yifat Mor-Salwo, Yafit Sulimani-Aidan
{"title":"War exposure, resource loss, and mental health: A study of at-risk Israeli young adults in the aftermath of the October 7 attacks and war.","authors":"Eran P Melkman, Yuval Paldi, Yifat Mor-Salwo, Yafit Sulimani-Aidan","doi":"10.1037/ort0000955","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>War and crisis pose serious threats to the mental health of young adults, a group already navigating complex developmental transitions. For those considered at risk, the psychological toll may be even greater due to preexisting vulnerabilities and limited access to support. In this study, we examined the association between war exposure and mental health of Israeli at-risk young adults following the October 7, 2023, attacks and subsequent war. Specifically, drawing on conservation of resources theory, we tested a theoretically informed mediation model in which resource loss was hypothesized to account for the association between war exposure and mental health while also assessing the protective roles of psychological resilience and social support. The sample included 537 at-risk young adults (ages 18-26 years) enrolled in Israel's national program for at-risk young adults. Structural equation modeling showed that war exposure was associated with poorer mental health both directly and indirectly through resource loss. Higher levels of psychological resilience and social support were linked to better mental health, with psychological resilience also moderating the relation between resource loss and mental health. These findings underscore the potential importance of both internal and external resources in understanding the adjustment to war-related stress. The findings may have implications for trauma-informed, strength-based interventions that prevent resource depletion and reinforce support systems for vulnerable youth during times of crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification with the aggressor and doubt regarding abuse-related appraisals as predictors of depression and anxiety in childhood abuse survivors.","authors":"Yael Lahav","doi":"10.1037/ort0000954","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood abuse places individuals at an elevated risk for psychopathology, including depressive and anxiety symptoms. Theory suggests that two abuse-related processes, identification with the aggressor (IWA) and doubt regarding abuse-related appraisals (DARA), may further exacerbate survivors' vulnerability. This longitudinal study examined the associations between IWA and DARA and both concurrent and subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the predictive role of membership in IWA-DARA latent profiles in symptom development. An online survey was administered to 718 adult female survivors of childhood abuse residing in Israel. Participants completed self-report measures assessing IWA, DARA, depression, anxiety, and childhood abuse characteristics at Time 1 (T1), and a follow-up survey assessing depression and anxiety at Time 2 (T2; <i>n</i> = 245). Analyses revealed that higher IWA and DARA scores at T1 were significantly associated with greater concurrent and subsequent depression and anxiety symptoms. Two profiles emerged, representing co-occurring high versus low levels of IWA and DARA (i.e., reflecting overall co-occurrence of both constructs at different levels). Latent profile membership predicted depressive and anxiety symptoms at T2, beyond age, abuse severity, abuse recurrence, and baseline symptom levels. Findings suggest that elevated IWA and DARA, particularly when co-occurring, are associated with higher emotional distress and greater risk for long-term psychopathology. These results underscore the importance of assessing both relational and cognitive-emotional processes in clinical interventions with survivors of childhood abuse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coping and distress in divided societies: Hope, family, and community resilience among Jews and Arabs in Israel against the background of political violence.","authors":"Ghev Ziv, Tehila Kalagy, Orna Braun-Lewensohn","doi":"10.1037/ort0000961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The October 7, 2023, attack and ensuing Iron Swords War exposed Israeli society to severe and prolonged collective stress. This study examined differences between Jewish and Arab citizens in terms of exposure to war-related events, hope, family quality of life, and community and national resilience, as well as psychological distress. Guided by the ecological theory, we aimed to explore (a) group differences in coping resources and distress, (b) associations among resilience and distress variables, and (c) the extent to which multilevel sociodemographics and coping resources explain psychological distress within each group. A convenience sample of 471 Jewish (69.6%) and Arab (30.4%) adults completed self-reported questionnaires approximately 100 days after the October 7 attack. Jewish participants reported significantly greater exposure and community resilience, whereas Arab participants reported greater national resilience and psychological distress. No group differences emerged for hope or family quality of life. Coping resources were positively interrelated and negatively associated with distress. Structural equation modeling revealed that distress was more strongly explained among Jews (35% variance) than Arabs (9%). Among Jews, younger age, being a woman, greater exposure, less hope, poorer family quality of life, and weaker community and national resilience predicted greater distress. Among Arabs, only poorer family quality of life and less hope significantly predicted distress. While Jewish distress was associated with exposure and multiple resilience systems, Arab distress was impacted less by contextual factors and more by internal and familial resources. Strengthening hope, family functioning, and culturally sensitive community supports may enhance psychological resilience across both populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eroding the healthy immigrant advantage in child mental health: The role of state-level policy climate.","authors":"Michael Thomas Zuch, Katherine Marçal","doi":"10.1037/ort0000952","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children and youth in immigrant families benefit from the health immigrant paradox, in which immigrants display a mental health advantage over U.S.-born Americans in spite of increased socioeconomic risk. This study examined whether hostile state immigration policy contexts are associated with a weakening of this advantage and whether racial spillover effects are present for racially and ethnically minoritized youth beyond immigration background. Data were drawn from the 2023 National Survey of Children's Health and the 2022 Immigration Policy Climate index. Survey-weighted logistic regression models indicated that children with immigrant parents demonstrated a mental health advantage relative to children with U.S.-born parents. State-level immigration policy contexts moderated this association, such that children with immigrant parents experienced a modest but statistically significant increase in the likelihood of mental health problems as policy hostility increased compared to nonimmigrant children. Evidence for a racial spillover effect was present for Asian and Pacific Islander children who experienced a modest increase in odds of mental health issues as policy hostility increased, regardless of their own immigration status. Overall, these findings suggest the presence of the healthy immigrant advantage for child and youth mental health while complicating this narrative by finding that this advantage modestly decreases as state-level immigration policy hostility increases. Findings highlight the need for a more contextualized understanding of child mental health and for greater attention to political environments in clinical mental health care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social determinants of mental health influencing the emergency department experiences of Latinx children and adolescents with mental and behavioral health crisis and their care partners: An interpretative phenomenological analysis study.","authors":"Arelis Moore, Devi A Soman, Anjali Joseph","doi":"10.1037/ort0000958","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latinx populations in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of mental and behavioral health challenges and face significant barriers to care, often relying on emergency departments during crises. The study explores the social determinants of mental health shaping emergency department experiences of Latinx children with mental and behavioral health conditions and their care partners. This study draws on a subset of participants from a larger, multiethnic qualitative study by focusing specifically on Latinx children (ages 6-18; <i>n</i> = 4) and their care partners (<i>n</i> = 5). In-depth interviews were conducted with children selecting arts-based techniques (e.g., photo elicitation and drawing). Data were analyzed using the World Health Organization Commission on Social Determinants of Health framework, combining inductive coding with categorization into structural and intermediary determinants. Findings demonstrate how structural determinants (e.g., immigration-related barriers, insurance, and socioeconomic position) interact with intermediary determinants (e.g., psychosocial stress, material hardship, and health system factors) to shape care-seeking, including delays in accessing services and reliance on emergency departments. Cultural influences emerged primarily through individual- and family-level beliefs and did not operate in isolation; rather, their influence was embedded within broader social contexts marked by varying levels of social cohesion and social capital. Overall, the study highlights mental and behavioral health crisis care as a system-mediated, ongoing process rather than a discrete event. While findings reflect a small, context-specific sample, they underscore the need for integrated, culturally and linguistically responsive, and structurally informed interventions, such as the inclusion of bilingual community health workers, to improve access and continuity of care for Latinx families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13437032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maya Fennig, Avigal Snir, Maayan Shorer, Michal Hermesh, Efrat Bron Harlev, Silvana Fennig
{"title":"Caring in crisis: Clinicians' experiences with children released from captivity in armed conflict.","authors":"Maya Fennig, Avigal Snir, Maayan Shorer, Michal Hermesh, Efrat Bron Harlev, Silvana Fennig","doi":"10.1037/ort0000949","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The abduction of children in armed conflict is a pervasive global problem with severe physical and psychological consequences. Such traumatic events affect not only children and their families but also the clinicians responsible for supporting recovery. This study examines the subjective experiences and coping strategies of clinicians in Israel who worked with children, adolescents, and their caregivers immediately after release from war captivity. Data were drawn from in-depth interviews with 37 clinicians, including social workers, psychologists, psychiatrists, nurses, and pediatricians, complemented by participant observation field notes. Clinicians reported intense emotional and somatic reactions, including anxiety, intrusive thoughts, crying spells, nightmares, stomachaches, and disgust. Participants also faced complex and at times distressing ethical dilemmas, particularly around balancing nonintrusive versus directive approaches and fostering autonomy while ensuring children's safety and best interests. At the same time, many clinicians described experiences of empowerment, renewed purpose, and profound professional meaning, often linked to the resilience of children and families. Coping strategies included team solidarity, shared reflection, reliance on previous professional experience, adaptability, and supervision. Findings underscore that working with children and caregivers released from captivity is uniquely demanding, as the characteristically interpersonal nature of the trauma complicates treatment and is further intensified by uncertainty, public visibility, and shared traumatic reality. To mitigate the emotional burden of clinicians and strengthen clinical effectiveness, cohesive multidisciplinary teams, clear intervention frameworks, ongoing supervision, and long-term follow-up are recommended. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"It's a very hard lesson, but still a lesson\": Trauma, coping, and resilience among older adults displaced in wartime.","authors":"Pnina Dolberg, Gabriela Spector-Mersel, Ksenya Shulyaev, Tova Band-Winterstein","doi":"10.1037/ort0000950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the lived experiences of older adults displaced from the Israeli region near Gaza upon the outbreak of the Israel-Gaza war in 2023. The region's residents, already exposed to decades of continuous traumatic situation, were evacuated under emergency conditions and remained displaced for approximately 5 to 8 months at the time of the interviews. Using an inductive qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 displaced older adults (aged 66-92), focusing on the challenges of displacement in later life, coping strategies, and supportive resources. The interview transcripts were analyzed thematically. The analysis revealed three main themes: (a) severe psychological distress related to the displacement and its traumatic context: intrusive thoughts and depressive moods, physical health consequences, and prolonged uncertainty and loss of control. Some linked the trauma to earlier years of living under threats, emphasizing the cumulative nature of their distress. (b) Coping strategies and internal resources: participants engaged in activities in their new environment, actively developed emotional regulation, and drew on experiences of resilience accumulated over time. (c) External resources, principally family and community ties, alongside host community and, for a few, professional assistance. The findings indicate that trauma in later life cannot be fully understood from either vulnerability or resilience-based perspectives alone but rather through their dynamic coexistence and shifting balance, particularly under conditions of continuous traumatic situation. These insights underscore the need for age-sensitive responses and interventions that strengthen family and community ties while ensuring access to professional support for older adults displaced in contexts of war and natural disaster. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wahiba Abu-Ras, Mai Al-Quraini, Anas Abulaban, Ligia Akthar
{"title":"Invisible wounds: Social victimization, coping strategies, and psychological distress among widowed Syrian refugees in Jordan and Türkiye.","authors":"Wahiba Abu-Ras, Mai Al-Quraini, Anas Abulaban, Ligia Akthar","doi":"10.1037/ort0000947","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates how social victimization, coping strategies, and social-structural factors are associated with mental health outcomes among widowed Syrian refugee women in Jordan and Türkiye. Guided by intersectionality and conservation of resources theories, it examines whether discrimination, bullying, profiling, abuse, and coping (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance) are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, and general psychological distress and whether these associations differ by host country. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 498 widowed Syrian women (Jordan: <i>n</i> = 198; Türkiye: <i>n</i> = 300) using standardized instruments (Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depressive Symptoms Scale, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, Social Victimization Questionnaire). Analyses were conducted separately by country using hierarchical regressions. Across both settings, women reported high symptom burden, with intercorrelations among PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and distress, with correlation coefficients (R) ranging from .47 to .62 (<i>p</i> < .001). In Jordan, avoidance coping was strongly associated with PTSD and depressive symptoms (<i>p</i> < .01), and models explained 39.4% of PTSD and 42.5% of depressive symptom variance. In Türkiye, emotion-focused and problem-focused coping were inversely associated with distress and depressive symptoms (<i>p</i> < .01). Coping and victimization together accounted for 28.1% of distress and 22.7% of depressive symptom variance. Social victimization was consistently associated with higher PTSD symptoms in both countries and strongly linked to distress and depressive symptoms in Türkiye. These findings underscore pathways through which social victimization and coping contribute to mental health and inequalities while highlighting the need for antidiscrimination protections; trauma-informed mental health services; and structural supports in employment, education, and social protection for widowed Syrian refugee women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan J Rees, Mohammed Mohsin, Claire M Greene, Mark Dadds, Valsamma Eapen, Aino Suomi, Batool Moussa, Nelson Martins, Derrick Silove, Wietse Tol
{"title":"Trajectories of intimate partner violence, common mental disorders, and functioning among women of reproductive age in conflict-affected timor-leste.","authors":"Susan J Rees, Mohammed Mohsin, Claire M Greene, Mark Dadds, Valsamma Eapen, Aino Suomi, Batool Moussa, Nelson Martins, Derrick Silove, Wietse Tol","doi":"10.1037/ort0000935","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ort0000935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive symptoms, and functional impairment among women of reproductive age are pressing public health and human rights issues in conflict-affected settings. However, to better inform policy and influence positive change, there is a need to understand the trajectories and relationships between these issues over time. We aimed to characterize the trajectories and associations between IPV, depressive symptoms, PTSD, and functional impairment over time among women of reproductive age in conflict-affected, low-resource Timor-Leste. Data are from a prospective cohort study of 854 women, conducted from 2013 to 2020 in Timor-Leste. Participants were assessed at four time points: second trimester of pregnancy (from Weeks 13 to 27) and when the child was 18 months, 36 months, and 60 months old. Latent growth curve modeling and bivariate analyses were used to explore the trajectories and associations. At each wave, PTSD and depressive symptoms were positively correlated with functional impairment and past conflict trauma. IPV was consistently associated with risk of PTSD, depressive symptoms, and impaired functioning among women over time. IPV was reported at a high rate at each time point, whereas PTSD and depressive symptoms improved over time. Findings indicate the need for IPV prevention programs and stronger legal and social sanctions to reduce men's violence. Improvements in women's mental health may be due to the time that has elapsed since conflict trauma or since the birth of the child. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55531,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}