American Journal of the Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Association between ABO blood groups and hyperhomocysteinemia","authors":"Xiaoqing Dai MA, Wan Lin MA, Zhengyu Lin MA, Xinyin Xie MA, Min Yu pH D","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 5","pages":"Pages 548-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141604718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical storm after acute myocardial infarction treated with radiofrequency ablation under the Escort of ICD","authors":"Li-Juan Qu MM,&nbsp;Zhi-Jun Zhang MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with poor prognosis. Drug therapy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are effective methods to prevent sudden death. Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation can map the matrix and mechanism of VT, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of ICD discharge. This paper reports on the case of a middle-aged man who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention for AMI and developed VT and ventricular fibrillation on day 7 after reperfusion. An ICD was implanted. On day 19, he received catheter ablation because of refractory monomorphic ventricular tachycardia and frequent discharge of the ICD. After three months, the patient had not experienced any further ventricular tachycardia attacks. The conclusion is that RF catheter ablation can resolve the ES after myocardial infarction and significantly reduce the occurrence of ICD discharges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 668-673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141604719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone concentrations and associated predictors in men with cystic fibrosis: A retrospective, single-center study","authors":"Ishaan Jathal ,&nbsp;Yanhua Wang ,&nbsp;José Nilo G. Binongo ,&nbsp;Crystal Cobb ,&nbsp;William R. Hunt ,&nbsp;Farah N. Khan ,&nbsp;Vin Tangpricha","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Men with cystic fibrosis (CF) have sexual health concerns such as delayed puberty, infertility, and hypogonadism. The causes and prevalence of hypogonadism have not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of a low testosterone concentration in men with CF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was approved by the Emory University Institutional Review Board (IRB). Data were extracted from the electronic medical records of adult men with CF receiving care at the Emory Cystic Fibrosis Center. A total of 129 men with CF were followed at our center from 2016 to 2023. Of these individuals, 76 men with CF (58.9%) had at least one serum total testosterone measurement. Seven individuals were excluded from this study since they were currently receiving testosterone therapy, leaving a final sample size of 69 individuals for the analysis. Demographic data, serum testosterone concentrations, and other factors associated with low testosterone concentrations were collected. Low testosterone was defined as a value below 300 ng/dL. Regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with low testosterone levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean (± SD) age of the 69 eligible participants was 33.34 ± 10.98 years. The mean testosterone concentration was 421 ± 158.5 ng/dL with 27.54 percent of men with a testosterone value below 300 ng/dL. The mean hemoglobin level was 14.23 ± 2.18 g/dL. Testosterone levels were positively related to hemoglobin levels. Time of day of measurement and age were not associated with testosterone levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Roughly a quarter of men with CF demonstrated low testosterone in our sample. Low hemoglobin was associated with low testosterone levels in men with CF. Neither time of day nor age influenced testosterone concentrations in this sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 637-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global longitudinal strain and the risk of major adverse cardiac events in post-myocardial infarction patients: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Qiao Guo MD ,&nbsp;Weilong Hong MD ,&nbsp;Dan Li MD ,&nbsp;Ruixue Liu MD ,&nbsp;Lumiao Liu MD ,&nbsp;Xuxin Tan MD ,&nbsp;Guangyou Duan PhD ,&nbsp;He Huang PhD ,&nbsp;Chenyang Duan PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study evaluates the relationship between global longitudinal strain (GLS) and late major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data of newly diagnosed AMI patients between March 2010 and July 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients underwent serial echocardiography at admission and at third and sixth months post-admission. We calculated GLS by averaging the strain from all myocardial segments using speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). We used multivariate Cox regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to assess the relationship between GLS at admission and late MACEs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighty-nine newly diagnosed AMI patients were enrolled. The average age at diagnosis was 61 ± 12.5 years, and approximately 89.9% of the patients were men. The average level of GLS was -17.5 ± 3.9%. The overall prevalence of MACEs was 23.6% (21/89), compared with 44% (11/25) in the group with GLS≥-15% and 17.9% (5/28) in the group with GLS&lt;-20%. GLS was positively linked with MACEs in the fully adjusted Cox proportional hazard model (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.37; <em>P</em>=0.014) after adjusting potential confounders. The ROC curve analysis for one year MACEs between GLS at admission, with the most significant area under the curve(AUC) 78.1% (95% CI, 63.8% - 92.6%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Myocardial dysfunction, characterized by impaired GLS, is often observed in AMI patients, and a decrease in GLS levels at admission were associated with an increased risk of long-term MACEs in post-myocardial infarction patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 628-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of renin angiotensin aldosterone modulators mitigating atrial fibrillation risk in hypertensive patients","authors":"Arankesh Mahadevan MBBS ,&nbsp;Sushmitha Garikipati MBBS ,&nbsp;Samir Vanani MBBS ,&nbsp;Dakshin Meenashi Sundaram MBBS ,&nbsp;Ashley Thompson-Edwards MBBS ,&nbsp;Nafisa Reyaz MBBS ,&nbsp;Kalaivani Babu MBBS ,&nbsp;Srinishant Rajarajan MBBS ,&nbsp;Dhayashri Dhavapalani MBBS ,&nbsp;Dharshana Prem Anand MBBS ,&nbsp;Advait Vasavada MBBS ,&nbsp;Rupak Desai MBBS","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Hypertension is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy/enlargement/fibrosis and atrial ectopic rhythm, leading to an increased risk of Atrial Fibrillation (AF). We aimed to stratify the effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEi) and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) on the risk of AF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were screened, and cross-citation was conducted for studies reporting AF in hypertensive patients on ACEi and ARB. Of 145 studies found till May 2023, 19 were included in this study. Binary random-effects models estimated the pooled odds ratios, I2 statistics assessed heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis was assessed using the leave-one-out method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>153,559 hypertensive patients met the inclusion criteria. For incidental AF, ACEi and ARB showed a significant decrease in both unadjusted (OR 0.75, 95% CI [0.66-0.85], I² = 20.79%, <em>p</em>=0.29) and adjusted risks (OR 0.76, 95% CI [0.62–0.93], I² = 88.41%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01). In recurrent AF, the unadjusted analysis showed no significant effect (OR 0.89, 95% CI [0.55–1.42], I² = 78.44%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01), while the adjusted analysis indicated a reduced risk (OR 0.62, 95% CI [0.50–0.76], I² = 65.71%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed these results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ACEi and ARB considerably decrease the risk of incidental and recurrent AF in hypertensive patients, emphasizing the importance of treating clinical hypertension with these drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 648-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early growth response factor 3 may regulate coronary atherosclerosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway and VEGF expression","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The present study was conducted to measure the expression of early growth response factor 3 (Egr3), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NF-κB in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to investigate the relationships of these molecules and Egr3 gene expression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 132 CAD patients and 63 healthy individuals. The expression levels of Egr3, VEGF, p50 and p65 were measured by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the levels of Egr3, IL-1β and IL-6 in patients serum and in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAs) in CAD patients. HCAECs were treated with ox-LDL to establish an in vitro atherosclerosis model. An oil red O staining assay was used to assess the lipid droplet formation. A colloidal external lumen formed by Matrigel was used to test the migration of HCAECs. The expression of Egr3, VEGF and NF-κB was determined by Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The levels of serum Egr3 and IL-6 in the severe stenosis group were greater than those in the mild stenosis group and controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The level of serum IL-1β in the severe stenosis group was greater than that in the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, Egr3 expression was positively associated with IL-6 levels (<em>r</em> = 0.55, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), IL-1β levels (<em>r</em> = 0.21, <em>p</em> = 0.004) and the Gensini score (<em>r</em> = 0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.02). We also found that Egr3 expression was significantly greater in CAD patients than that in controls. And its expression was highest in the mild patients. The expression of VEGF, P50 and P65 was also greater in CAD patients. In the in vitro experiment, we found that the inhibition of Egr3 expression significantly reduced the expression levels of p50, p65, IL-6 and CRP. Moreover, the inhibition of Egr3 expression significantly reduced the lipid droplet formation and decreased capability of lumen formation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, Egr3 gene expression may induce the expression of inflammatory factors and lipid droplet formation and lumen formation, which could promote the atherosclerosis development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 5","pages":"Pages 476-484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kartagener's syndrome.","authors":"Yuan Zeng, Guilin Peng, Jianxing He, Chao Yang, Xin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.06.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.06.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome with bulbar palsy","authors":"Jayantee Kalita MD ,&nbsp;Roopali Mahajan MD ,&nbsp;Sanjeev K. Bhoi MD ,&nbsp;Usha K Misra MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Elective intubation is advocated in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with bulbar palsy to prevent aspiration pneumonia and lung collapse. We evaluate the outcome of GBS patients with bulbar palsy, and also compare the risks and benefits of intubation and MV in them.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>187 GBS patients with bulbar palsy from a cohort of 547 GBS registry were analyzed. Detailed clinical records and peak disability on a 0-6 GBS Disability Scale (GBSDS) were noted. The patients were intubated if arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis revealed hypoxia, hypercarbia or acidosis. The patients with normal ABG parameters were fed by nasogastric tube, and nursed in lateral position. Occurrence of pneumonia, in-hospital death and outcomes at 6-months were classified as complete (GBSDS &lt;2), partial (GBSDS 2-3) and poor (GBSDS &gt;3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>76/187(40.6%) patients required MV, and they had a shorter duration of illness (p = 0.007), higher peak disability (p &lt; 0.001), autonomic dysfunction (p &lt; 0.001) and more frequently received IVIg (p = 0.02). Pneumonia (63% vs 10.8%; p &lt; 0.001) and in-hospital deaths (7.9% vs 1.8%; p = 0.06) were more frequent in MV group compared to nasogastric fed group. At 6-months,104 (55.6%) patients recovered completely. On multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of poor outcome were peak disability [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 9.84, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 3.15-30.74, p &lt; 0.0001], day of hospitalization from disease onset (AOR 1.09, 95% Cl 1.01-1.01; p=0.009) and requirement of MV (AOR 0.10; 95% 0.02-0.50; p = 0.005).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>GBS patients with bulbar palsy may be managed by nasogastric feeding and nursing in lateral position without increasing the risk of pneumonia. Mechanical ventilation based on ABG does not worsen outcomes of GBS with bulbar palsy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 621-627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between serum uric acid and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xiao Xue MM,&nbsp;Zhengyi Sun BM,&nbsp;Xufeng Ji MM,&nbsp;Hua Lin MM,&nbsp;Huang Jing MD,&nbsp;Qiuyang Yu MM","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Serum uric acid (SUA) may be involved in the development of cancer by inhibiting oxidative stress, but its relationship with breast cancer remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically for studies on SUA levels in women with breast cancer and the effect of SUA levels on the risk of breast cancer. The Newcastle‒Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of all relevant studies included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 19 studies were included, including 75,827 women with breast cancer and 508,528 healthy controls. A meta-analysis found that SUA levels were negatively correlated with breast cancer risk in women (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89 - 0.99, <em>p</em> = 0.003). SUA levels in female breast cancer patients were not significantly different from those in healthy controls (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI = -0.09 - 1.08, <em>p</em> = 0.10), while SUA levels were increased in female breast cancer patients in articles published after 2010, SUA concentration detected by spectrophotometry, and non-Asian populations, regardless of menopausal state and treatment state.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High levels of SUA may reduce the risk of breast cancer in women, suggesting that SUA was a protective factor in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 610-620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of the combination or monotherapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus: An update systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Adili Tuersun MA ,&nbsp;Guanxin Hou BA ,&nbsp;Gang Cheng PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter2(SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To construct an exhaustive database of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists, a methodical search was undertaken across a range of databases, such as Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from their inception to January 2023. Following this, a meta-analysis was executed to amalgamate the collected data, which allowed for the calculation of standardized mean differences (SMDs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for a spectrum of outcomes. This analytical approach was designed to yield a quantitative evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When compared to GLP-1 agonist therapy alone, the combination therapy did not significantly reduce fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (95 % confidence interval [CI]: -0.27, 0.10; <em>p</em> = 0.35), body weight (95 % CI: -0.18, 0.18; <em>p</em> = 1.00), Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Type A1C (HbA1c) (95 % CI: -0.29, 0.07; <em>p</em> = 0.22), or systolic blood pressure (SBP) values (95 % CI: -0.29, 0.06; <em>p</em> = 0.21). In contrast, when compared to SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy alone, combination therapy significantly decreased FPG by 0.24 mmol/L (95 % CI: -0.43, -0.05; <em>p</em> = 0.01), HbA1c by 0.45 % (95 % CI: -0.72, -0.18; <em>p</em> = 0.001), and SBP by 0.12 mmHg (95 % CI: -0.24, 0.00; <em>p</em> = 0.05). However, the combination therapy failed to demonstrate a significant reduction in body weight when compared with either SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy (95 % CI: -0.20, 0.05; <em>p</em> = 0.24) or GLP-1 agonist therapy (95 % CI: -0.18, 0.18; <em>p</em> = 1.00). Additionally, the combination therapy did not increase the incidence of hypoglycemia. It should be noted that data regarding mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination treatment of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists effectively reduces HbA1c, FPG, and SBP without elevating the risk of hypoglycemia when compared to monotherapy with SGLT-2 inhibitors. However, these beneficial effects were not observed when the combination therapy was compared with GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","volume":"368 6","pages":"Pages 579-588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}