{"title":"Bipartite containment control of multi-agent systems under channel imperfections: when bit-flips meet packet-losses","authors":"Shaobo Zheng, Lei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates bipartite containment control of linear multi-agent systems under channel imperfections using source binary coding schemes with bit-flips and packet-losses. The communication channels are allocated through an average allocation protocol. The source binary coding scheme for measurement outputs is employed, and a finite-length bit stream is designed to satisfy the requirement of channel capacity. The paper aims to establish mean-square bipartite containment conditions under communication constraints such that the containment error is bounded. First, the statistical properties of the aggregated error are derived. Then, a sufficient condition is obtained to ensure bipartite containment in the mean-square sense. Furthermore, with the free matrix approach and the matrix inequality method, the control gain is obtained to ensure the existence of a desired controller. Finally, two examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asymptotic analysis of the first eigenvalue for the Sturm-Liouville problems with coupled boundary conditions","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Jiangang Qi, Chunyan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of the first eigenvalue on the jump set of the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problems with coupled boundary conditions. By transforming the original problem into two problems with separated boundary conditions, we obtain the asymptotic formula of the first eigenvalue and the first normalized eigenfunction in terms of the coefficients in the equations. Particularly, we prove that the unique zero of the first eigenfunction tends to the zero of the first eigenfunction of the corresponding Laplace problem. The results indicate that the asymptotic behavior is only related to the values of the coefficients in the neighborhood of the endpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaobin Li , Meng Chen , Zhengjie Sun , Leevan Ling , Siqing Li
{"title":"Energy-conserving Kansa methods for Hamiltonian wave equations","authors":"Xiaobin Li , Meng Chen , Zhengjie Sun , Leevan Ling , Siqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce a fast, constrained meshfree solver designed specifically to inherit energy conservation (EC) in second-order time-dependent Hamiltonian wave equations. For discretization, we adopt the Kansa method, also known as the kernel-based collocation method, combined with time-stepping. This approach ensures that the critical structural feature of energy conservation is maintained over time by embedding a quadratic constraint into the definition of the numerical solution. To address the computational challenges posed by the nonlinearity in the Hamiltonian wave equations and the EC constraint, we propose a fast iterative solver based on the Newton method with successive linearization. This novel solver significantly accelerates the computation, making the method highly effective for practical applications. Numerical comparisons with the traditional secant methods highlight the competitive performance of our scheme. These results demonstrate that our method not only conserves the energy but also offers a promising new direction for solving Hamiltonian wave equations more efficiently. While we focus on the Kansa method and corresponding convergence theories in this study, the proposed solver is based solely on linear algebra techniques and has the potential to be applied to EC constrained optimization problems arising from other PDE discretization methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129682"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongsheng Yang , Jing He , Jiayue Sun , Juan Zhang
{"title":"Observer-based leader-follower bipartite consensus for linear multiagent systems with communication link faults","authors":"Dongsheng Yang , Jing He , Jiayue Sun , Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the observer-based leader-follower bipartite consensus (LFBC) problem for linear multiagent systems (MASs) with unknown communication link faults. Firstly, by designing the corresponding leader state observers for the leader and each follower respectively, and adaptively adjusting the coupling strength, the weight changes due to unknown communication link faults are solved. Secondly, novel double event-triggered mechanisms (DETMs) based on observers are proposed, which can realize communication and observers updating asynchronously and help to save communication resources. The triggering threshold is designed based on the adaptive leader state error, avoiding the need for continuous information exchange with neighboring agents. Afterwards, our proposed leader state observer-based approaches are applied to the control, aiming to ensure system performance and stabilize the handling of system faults. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G.C. Bourantas , A. Sakellarios , N. Malamos , V.C. Loukopoulos , V.N. Burganos , D.I. Fotiadis , V.M. Calo
{"title":"A meshless point collocation solver for elliptic boundary value problems","authors":"G.C. Bourantas , A. Sakellarios , N. Malamos , V.C. Loukopoulos , V.N. Burganos , D.I. Fotiadis , V.M. Calo","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a strong-form meshless point collocation (MPC) solver for the Poisson equation. The Poisson equation allows us to compute approximate pressure corrections and ensure the incompressibility of the velocity field or to solve for the stream function and vorticity. We discretize the spatial domain using quadratic triangular elements in 2D and tetrahedral elements in 3D. The element nodes, including the vertices and edge midpoints, define the point cloud used in the MPC method. We determine the support domain for each using the mesh’s connectivity. When constructing the stiffness matrix, the resulting algebraic systems have the same bandwidth as those generated by the finite element (FE) method. We use direct and iterative solvers to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the MPC method. Our solution strategy enables automatic mesh generation, as nodes are utilized directly in the interpolation construction, eliminating the need to evaluate mesh quality. Finally, we investigate the efficiency of the MPC method in solving linear systems in 3D with a large number of nodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingde Liu , Liang Zhang , Ning Zhao , Xinjun Wang , Yongchao Liu
{"title":"Observer-based reachable set synthesis for multi-agent systems: A sampling-based distributed event-triggered strategy","authors":"Mingde Liu , Liang Zhang , Ning Zhao , Xinjun Wang , Yongchao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the problem of reachable set synthesis for a class of multi-agent systems. Considering the limited resources for communication between agents, a dual-end sampling mechanism is introduced to reduce the communication load. For the sampled signals at the output end, the cubic spline interpolation method is used to construct a fitting function to approximate the dynamic output signals, and a state observer is constructed according to the fitting function to estimate the system state of each agent. At the input side, the sampling distributed event triggering mechanism is used to design an event-based distributed observation control strategy to ensure that the tracking error is bounded. Finally, the results of the simulations substantiate the validity of the conclusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High order nonstandard finite-difference methods","authors":"D. Conte , G. Pagano , T. Roldán","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) methods have been considered to overcome some issues of standard methods, particularly when the numerical solution must preserve important properties of the exact solution. These issues increase for high order methods.</div><div>In this paper we first derive a general procedure to obtain unconditionally positive second order NSFD methods. Furthermore, by suitably adding some parameters <span><math><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span> within these schemes, we show that it is still possible to get positivity, and also to preserve other qualitative properties of the exact solution. In fact, for each particular problem we can get optimal values of <span><math><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span> that guarantee positivity, elementary stability and the minimization of the local truncation error, being possible to achieve also third order nonstandard schemes, which are not present in the literature.</div><div>As an example of use, we employ the developed theory to derive positive and elementary stable NSFD methods of order one, two and three for a predator-prey model, showing their advantages over other nonstandard methods from the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stokes–Brinkman–Darcy models for fluid–porous systems: derivation, analysis and validation","authors":"Linheng Ruan, Iryna Rybak","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flow interaction between a plain-fluid region in contact with a porous layer attracted significant attention from modelling and analysis sides due to numerous applications in biology, environment and industry. In the most widely used coupled model, fluid flow is described by the Stokes equations in the free-flow domain and Darcy’s law in the porous medium, and complemented by the appropriate interface conditions. However, traditional coupling concepts are restricted, with a few exceptions, to one-dimensional flows parallel to the fluid–porous interface.</div><div>In this work, we use an alternative approach to model interaction between the plain-fluid domain and porous medium by considering a transition zone, and propose the full- and hybrid-dimensional Stokes–Brinkman–Darcy models. In the first case, the equi-dimensional Brinkman equations are considered in the transition region, and the appropriate interface conditions are set on the top and bottom of the transition zone. In the latter case, we perform a dimensional model reduction by averaging the Brinkman equations in the normal direction and using the proposed transmission conditions. The well-posedness of both coupled problems is proved, and some numerical simulations are carried out in order to validate the concepts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan David Navarro , Juan C. Velasquez-Gonzalez , Mauricio Aristizabal , Arturo Montoya , Harry R. Millwater , David Restrepo
{"title":"Arbitrary-order sensitivity analysis of frequency response functions using hypercomplex automatic differentiation and spectral finite elements","authors":"Juan David Navarro , Juan C. Velasquez-Gonzalez , Mauricio Aristizabal , Arturo Montoya , Harry R. Millwater , David Restrepo","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately computing sensitivities of Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) is crucial for analyzing the dynamic behavior of structures by enabling quantifying the impact that variations in geometry, material properties, and boundary conditions have on their dynamic response. However, one of the primary challenges in calculating accurate sensitivities lies in the numerical differentiation required to estimate the sensitivities of the FRFs. This paper presents a new method called the Hypercomplex Spectral Finite Elements Method (HYPAD-SFEM). HYPAD-SFEM combines the HYPercomplex Automatic Differentiation method (HYPAD) with the Spectral Finite Elements Method (SFEM) to compute highly accurate arbitrary-order sensitivities of the FRFs. To demonstrate and verify the method's performance and accuracy, we analyzed a truss structure under a harmonic axial load and compared the results with analytical equations, Finite Differences (FD), and traditional Automatic Differentiation (AD). Excellent agreement was observed between the computed displacements and their sensitivities, considering material properties, geometry, and boundary conditions. The application of HYPAD-SFEM was then extended to a more complex problem by performing shape sensitivity analysis of the dynamic behavior of a phononic lattice. Again, excellent agreement was found between HYPAD, FD and AD. In general, the proposed HYPAD-SFEM ensures high accuracy independent of the perturbation step selection, alleviating FD’s fundamental issues. Moreover, HYPAD-SFEM delivers superior computational performance when compared with traditional AD. Hence, HYPAD-SFEM provides an effective approach for FRF sensitivity analysis, facilitating design optimization, parameter tuning, robustness analysis, and model updating and validation in structural dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamics of cooperative evolution with leader-follower hierarchy under information uncertainty in two-layer grid networks","authors":"Bolin Yang , Guanghui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drawing on the idea of leader-follower game theory, this paper investigates the evolution of cooperative behavior in two-layer grid networks. The two-layer network is divided into a leader layer (upper layer) and a follower layer (lower layer), where the snowdrift game (SDG) and the prisoner’s dilemma game (PDG) are conducted, respectively. Based on an updating mechanism of the modified Fermi probability function that incorporates strategy alignment, the leader layer first completes strategy update, and the follower layer then updates its strategy after acquiring information from the upper layer via perception probability. Numerical simulations reveal that the cost-benefit ratio significantly influences the differences in perception strategies between layers. Specifically, at lower ratios, there is a positive correlation between followers’ cooperation and their perception probability, whereas leaders exhibit a negative correlation. The opposite trends are observed at higher ratios. Compared with single-layer networks, the leader-follower structure with two-layer networks significantly enhances the cooperation in the follower layer and also lightly fosters the cooperation in leader layer. Additionally, factors such as inter-layer coupling strength, rewards and punishments for strategy consistency, and selection intensity all promote the emergence of cooperation to varying degrees. This leader-follower hierarchical game offers a new research paradigm for interaction mechanisms in complex social systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 129686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}