Andrea Braides, Andrea Causin, Margherita Solci, Lev Truskinovsky
{"title":"Beyond the Classical Cauchy–Born Rule","authors":"Andrea Braides, Andrea Causin, Margherita Solci, Lev Truskinovsky","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01942-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01942-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physically motivated variational problems involving non-convex energies are often formulated in a discrete setting and contain boundary conditions. The long-range interactions in such problems, combined with constraints imposed by lattice discreteness, can give rise to the phenomenon of geometric frustration even in a one-dimensional setting. While non-convexity entails the formation of microstructures, incompatibility between interactions operating at different scales can produce nontrivial mixing effects which are exacerbated in the case of incommensurability between the optimal microstructures and the scale of the underlying lattice. Unraveling the intricacies of the underlying interplay between non-convexity, non-locality and discreteness represents the main goal of this study. While in general one cannot expect that ground states in such problems possess global properties, such as periodicity, in some cases the appropriately defined ‘global’ solutions exist, and are sufficient to describe the corresponding continuum (homogenized) limits. We interpret those cases as complying with a Generalized Cauchy–Born (GCB) rule, and present a new class of problems with geometrical frustration which comply with GCB rule in one range of (loading) parameters while being strictly outside this class in a complimentary range. A general approach to problems with such ‘mixed’ behavior is developed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134795783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Remark on the Uniqueness of Solutions to Hyperbolic Conservation Laws","authors":"Alberto Bressan, Camillo De Lellis","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01936-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01936-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given a strictly hyperbolic <span>(ntimes n)</span> system of conservation laws, it is well known that there exists a unique Lipschitz semigroup of weak solutions, defined on a domain of functions with small total variation, which are limits of vanishing viscosity approximations. The aim of this note is to prove that every weak solution taking values in the domain of the semigroup, and whose shocks satisfy the Liu admissibility conditions, actually coincides with a semigroup trajectory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01936-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134878462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epsilon-Regularity for Griffith Almost-Minimizers in Any Dimension Under a Separating Condition","authors":"Camille Labourie, Antoine Lemenant","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01935-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01935-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we prove that if (<i>u</i>, <i>K</i>) is an almost-minimizer of the Griffith functional and <i>K</i> is <span>(varepsilon )</span>-close to a plane in some ball <span>(Bsubset {mathbb {R}}^N)</span> while separating the ball <i>B</i> in two big parts, then <i>K</i> is <span>(C^{1,alpha })</span> in a slightly smaller ball. Our result contains and generalizes the 2 dimensional result of <span>Babadjian</span> et al. (J Eur Math Soc 24(7):2443–2492, 2022), with a different and more sophisticate approach inspired by <span>Lemenant</span> (Ann Sc Norm Super Pisa Cl Sci 9(2):351–384, 2010; Ann Sc Norm Super Pisa Cl Sci 10(3):561–609, 2011), using also <span>Labourie</span> (J Geom Anal 31(10):10024–10135, 2021) in order to adapt a part of the argument to Griffith minimizers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50024293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giacomo Canevari, Federico Luigi Dipasquale, Giandomenico Orlandi
{"title":"The Yang–Mills–Higgs Functional on Complex Line Bundles: (Gamma )-Convergence and the London Equation","authors":"Giacomo Canevari, Federico Luigi Dipasquale, Giandomenico Orlandi","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01933-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01933-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the Abelian Yang–Mills–Higgs functional, in the non-self dual scaling, on a complex line bundle over a closed Riemannian manifold of dimension <span>(nge 3)</span>. This functional is the natural generalisation of the Ginzburg–Landau model for superconductivity to the non-Euclidean setting. We prove a <span>(Gamma )</span>-convergence result, in the strongly repulsive limit, on the functional rescaled by the logarithm of the coupling parameter. As a corollary, we prove that the energy of minimisers concentrates on an area-minimising surface of dimension <span>(n-2)</span>, while the curvature of minimisers converges to a solution of the London equation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01933-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50017304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iulia Cristian, Marina A. Ferreira, Eugenia Franco, Juan J. L. Velázquez
{"title":"Long-time asymptotics for coagulation equations with injection that do not have stationary solutions","authors":"Iulia Cristian, Marina A. Ferreira, Eugenia Franco, Juan J. L. Velázquez","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01934-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01934-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we study a class of coagulation equations including a source term that injects in the system clusters of size of order one. The coagulation kernel is homogeneous, of homogeneity <span>(gamma < 1)</span>, such that <i>K</i>(<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>) is approximately <span>(x^{gamma + lambda } y^{-lambda })</span>, when <i>x</i> is larger than <i>y</i>. We restrict the analysis to the case <span>(gamma + 2 lambda ge 1 )</span>. In this range of exponents, the transport of mass toward infinity is driven by collisions between particles of different sizes. This is in contrast with the case considered in Ferreira et al. (Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré C, Analyse Non Linéaire, 2023), where <span>(gamma + 2 lambda <1)</span>. In that case, the transport of mass toward infinity is due to the collision between particles of comparable sizes. In the case <span>(gamma +2lambda ge 1)</span>, the interaction between particles of different sizes leads to an additional transport term in the coagulation equation that approximates the solution of the original coagulation equation with injection for large times. We prove the existence of a class of self-similar solutions for suitable choices of <span>(gamma )</span> and <span>(lambda )</span> for this class of coagulation equations with transport. We prove that for the complementary case such self-similar solutions do not exist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01934-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50012287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability of the Nonlinear Milne Problem for Radiative Heat Transfer System","authors":"Mohamed Ghattassi, Xiaokai Huo, Nader Masmoudi","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01930-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01930-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on the nonlinear Milne problem of the radiative heat transfer system on the half-space. The nonlinear model is described by a second order ODE for temperature coupled to transport equation for radiative intensity. The nonlinearity of the fourth power Stefan–Boltzmann law of black body radiation, brings additional difficulty in mathematical analysis, compared to the well-developed theory for the Milne problem of the linear transport equation. To overcome this difficulty, the monotonicity properties of the second order ODE are used, together with the uniform estimate and compactness method, to prove the existence of the nonlinear Milne problem and to show the exponential decay of solutions. Moreover, the linear stability of the problem is established under a spectral assumption on its solutions, and the uniqueness of the nonlinear Milne problem is established in a neighborhood of solutions satisfying a spectral assumption or when the boundary conditions are close to the well-prepared case. The current work extends the study of Milne problem for linear transport equations and provides a comprehensive study on the nonlinear Milne problem of radiative heat transfer systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50103429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gaussian Fluctuations for Interacting Particle Systems with Singular Kernels","authors":"Zhenfu Wang, Xianliang Zhao, Rongchan Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01932-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01932-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the asymptotic behaviour of the fluctuations for the empirical measures of interacting particle systems with singular kernels. We prove that the sequence of fluctuation processes converges in distribution to a generalized Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Our result considerably extends classical results to singular kernels, including the Biot–Savart law. The result applies to the point vortex model approximating the 2D incompressible Navier–Stokes equation and the 2D Euler equation. We also obtain Gaussianity and optimal regularity of the limiting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. The method relies on the martingale approach and the Donsker–Varadhan variational formula, which transfers the uniform estimate to some exponential integrals. Estimation of those exponential integrals follows by cancellations and combinatorics techniques and is of the type of the large deviation principle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01932-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50103430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Free Boundary Problem for a Gas Bubble in a Liquid, and Exponential Stability of the Manifold of Spherically Symmetric Equilibria","authors":"Chen-Chih Lai, Michael I. Weinstein","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01927-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01927-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the dynamics of a gas bubble immersed in an incompressible fluid of fixed temperature, and focus on the relaxation of an expanding and contracting spherically symmetric bubble due to thermal effects. We study two models, both systems of PDEs with an evolving free boundary: the full mathematical model and an approximate model, arising, for example, in the study of sonoluminescence. For fixed physical parameters (surface tension of the gas–liquid interface, liquid viscosity, thermal conductivity of the gas, etc.), both models share a family of spherically symmetric equilibria, smoothly parametrized by the mass of the gas bubble. Our main result concerns the approximate model. We prove the nonlinear asymptotic stability of the manifold of equilibria with respect to small spherically symmetric perturbations. The rate of convergence is exponential in time. To prove this result we first prove a weak form of nonlinear asymptotic stability –with no explicit rate of time-decay– using the energy dissipation law, and then, via a center manifold analysis, bootstrap the weak time-decay to exponential time-decay. We also study the uniqueness of the family of spherically symmetric equilibria within each model. The family of spherically symmetric equilibria captures all spherically symmetric equilibria of the approximate system. However within the full model, this family is embedded in a larger family of spherically symmetric solutions. For the approximate system, we prove that all equilibrium bubbles are spherically symmetric, by an application of Alexandrov’s theorem on closed surfaces of constant mean curvature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50048395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exterior Stability of Minkowski Space in Generalized Harmonic Gauge","authors":"Peter Hintz","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01931-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01931-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We give a short proof of the existence of a small piece of null infinity for <span>((3+1))</span>-dimensional spacetimes evolving from asymptotically flat initial data as solutions of the Einstein vacuum equations. We introduce a modification of the standard wave coordinate gauge in which all non-physical metric degrees of freedom have strong decay at null infinity. Using a formulation of the gauge-fixed Einstein vacuum equations which implements constraint damping, we establish this strong decay regardless of the validity of the constraint equations. On a technical level, we use notions from geometric singular analysis to give a streamlined proof of semiglobal existence for the relevant quasilinear hyperbolic equation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01931-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50046788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Bifurcation and Highest Waves on Water of Finite Depth","authors":"Vladimir Kozlov, Evgeniy Lokharu","doi":"10.1007/s00205-023-01929-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00205-023-01929-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the two-dimensional problem for steady water waves with vorticity on water of finite depth. While neglecting the effects of surface tension we construct connected families of large amplitude periodic waves approaching a limiting wave, which is either a solitary wave, the highest solitary wave, the highest Stokes wave or a Stokes wave with a breaking profile. In particular, when the vorticity is nonnegative we prove the existence of highest Stokes waves with an included angle of 120<span>(^circ )</span>. In contrast to previous studies, we fix the Bernoulli constant and consider the wavelength as a bifurcation parameter, which guarantees that the limiting wave has a finite depth. In fact, this is the first rigorous proof of the existence of extreme Stokes waves with vorticity on water of finite depth. Aside from the existence of highest waves, we provide a new result about the regularity of Stokes waves of arbitrary amplitude (including extreme waves). Furthermore, we prove several new facts about steady waves, such as a lower bound for the wavelength of Stokes waves, while also eliminating a possibility of the wave breaking for waves with non-negative vorticity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55484,"journal":{"name":"Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00205-023-01929-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50094765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}