Archives De Pediatrie最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of vitamin D supplementation for children under 16 years of age in France. A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Nolwen Laurent ,&nbsp;Géraldine Favrais ,&nbsp;Claire Dupont ,&nbsp;Henri Ginies","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vitamin D is essential for children's growth and for the prevention of rickets; moreover, it has an essential role in phosphocalcic homeostasis. In 2022, new recommendations for vitamin D supplementation were established in France. In this study, we sought to evaluate the modalities of supplementation in children up to the age of 16 years and to determine the factors that might be related to compliance with the recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This was an observational descriptive study. Over two distinct periods, questionnaires were distributed at three pediatric emergency departments in <em>Basse-Normandie</em> (Lower Normandy) to children up to 16 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 710 questionnaires were analyzed. Adherence to vitamin D supplementation among children aged 0–16 years was low, with only 17 % of children following the supplementation recommendations, but it increased to 38 % in children under 2 years old. The main factors associated with adherence to the recommendations were younger age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.35, 95 % confidence interval [CI] [0.19–0.62], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), medical follow-up by a pediatrician (OR: 0.34, 95 % CI [0.21–0.55], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and a higher socioeconomic status of the parents (OR: 2.43, 95 % CI [1.23–5.16], <em>p</em> = 0.014).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adherence to the 2022 vitamin D supplementation recommendations was low, with only 17 % of children complying. However, these data need to be verified by conducting further large-scale research to confirm the findings and identify the most effective strategies for improving long-term adherence to the recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 163-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early osteopathic manipulative treatment to prevent cranial positional deformities: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Catherine Genelot ,&nbsp;Valérie Macioce ,&nbsp;Héléna Huguet ,&nbsp;Inge Harrewijn ,&nbsp;Gilles Cambonie ,&nbsp;David Dessauge ,&nbsp;Thibault Mura ,&nbsp;Lionel Moulis ,&nbsp;Guillaume Captier","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cranial positional deformities occur frequently in the first months of life.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in preventing the onset of positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly at 4 months in at-risk newborns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center, randomized, controlled open-label study, with blinded assessment of the endpoints, was carried out at the maternity unit of Montpellier University Hospital (France) between 2019 and 2022. Newborns aged between 3 and 10 days with at least one risk factor for cranial deformity were included and randomized into a group receiving OMT in addition to advice for the prevention of cranial deformities or a group receiving advice alone (standard care). OMT included an osteopathic assessment, osteopathic treatment, and at least one follow-up session. The primary outcome was the occurrence of plagiocephaly (cranial asymmetry index ≥106 %) or brachycephaly (cranial index ≥93 %) at 4 months after birth.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The trial terminated early due to enrolment issues (56.1 % of planned recruitment). Among the 101 patients included, 35 in the OMT group and 30 in the control group completed the study and were analyzed. At 4 months, no significant difference was observed in the rates of brachycephaly (relative risk [RR] of the control group vs. OMT: 1.55, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: [0.38, 6.39], <em>p</em> = 0.54), or plagiocephaly (RR=1.64, 95 % CI [0.34, 8.00], <em>p</em> = 0.54). A trend toward more frequent cases of severe brachycephaly or plagiocephaly was observed in the control group (<em>n</em> = 5) compared with the OMT group (<em>n</em> = 1; <em>p</em> = 0.09). No adverse effects were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study did not find any significant effect of OMT on the occurrence of cranial positional deformities. However, recruitment and follow-up difficulties, partly linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulted in an underpowered study that does not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn on potential benefits of OMT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 203-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary experience of single-incision laparoscopic placement of adjustable gastric band in adolescents: Safe and feasible","authors":"Sarah Amar ,&nbsp;Blaise Corbery ,&nbsp;François Bastard ,&nbsp;Guillaume Podevin ,&nbsp;Françoise Schmitt","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Minimally invasive surgery seems particularly suited to adolescents in view of the cosmetic improvements it provides. This study reports on our first experience of single-incision laparoscopic surgery for adjustable gastric banding (SILS-AGB) using a single-trocar approach and evaluates its safety and efficacy as compared with conventional four-trocar laparoscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The data of adolescent patients who underwent SILS-AGB or conventional laparoscopy for adjustable gastric banding (CL-AGB) between 2014 and 2019 in our center were reviewed. Pre- and postoperative data on weight- and obesity-associated comorbidities were used to assess the efficacy of the surgical intervention. Perioperative and postoperative data on the duration of surgery, use of analgesics, hospital stay, and complications were compared between the SILS and CL groups along with an assessment of scar quality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 12 patients, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.3 kg/m^-² (37.0–55.5) at surgery were included in the SILS-AGB group and compared with 14 patients who underwent classic laparoscopy (CL-AGB group) and had an initial BMI of 39.5 kg/m^-² (32.0–49.8). Median surgery time was 82 min (55–140) in the CL-AGB group and 106 min (75–159) in the SILS-AGB group (<em>p</em> = 0.04). Postoperative recovery was better in the SILS-AGB group with a mean duration of level-3 intravenous analgesia of 1.8 ± 0.4 days (vs. 2.4 ± 0.6 days, <em>p</em> = 0.02) and a median duration of hospitalization of 2 days (2–3) versus 3 days (2–5) (<em>p</em> = 0.0005). Mid-term follow-up showed equivalent efficacy in terms of weight loss, with a mean BMI at 12 months of 38.5 ± 6.0 kg m^-1kg m^-1² in both groups, and resolution of hyperinsulinism (92.3 % before surgery vs. 48 % at 6 months).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SILS for AGB placement appears to be as safe and effective as CL despite a slightly longer operative time. SILS was associated with faster recovery and better cosmetic results with a single scar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and outcome of pediatric mixed-phenotype acute leukemia treated with EORTC 58951 protocol: An observational study in Tunisia","authors":"Ameni Yahia ,&nbsp;Marwa Bahri ,&nbsp;Yosr Ben Abdennebi ,&nbsp;Emna Azza ,&nbsp;Fatma Ben Lakhel ,&nbsp;Sarra Fekih ,&nbsp;Wijden El borji ,&nbsp;Ons Ghali ,&nbsp;Emna Gouider ,&nbsp;Wiem Ayed ,&nbsp;Ahlem Amouri ,&nbsp;Lamia Aissaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), also known as biphenotypic acute leukemia (BAL), is an uncommon subgroup of leukemia that exhibits features of both lymphoid and myeloid lineages.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to analyze the clinical and biological features of MPAL and to evaluate the therapeutic approaches in children diagnosed with MPAL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and settings</h3><div>It was a retrospective study that included children (age&lt;18 years old) diagnosed with MPAL, based on the European Group for Immunological Characterization of Leukemia or the 2008/2016 WHO criteria, in the pediatric hematology department of Aziza Othmana Hospital in Tunisia, from 2006 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 639 patients with acute leukemia, 10 (1.5%) were diagnosed with MPAL (10 of 639). The median age at diagnosis was 9 years old (range, 4–18 years) with a gender ratio of 1.5. The median initial leukocyte count was 28.3×10⁹/L (range, 1.6–143×10⁹/L). None of the patients had central nervous system involvement. Four patients (40%) had a T/Myeloid phenotype and 6 patients (60%) had a B/Myeloid phenotype. Cytogenetic abnormalities were seen in 7 cases (70%). The BCR-ABL fusion gene was detected in 2 patients (20%). None of the patients had a KMT2A rearrangement. All patients initially received acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) chemotherapy using the EORTC 58951 protocol. Within these patients, one patient (10%) died during the induction phase and 9 (90%) achieved morphologic complete remission at the end of induction. Only one patient underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</div><div>Treatment-related mortality was 20% (2 cases). The median follow-up time was 38 months (1–202 months). The 3-year event-free and the 3-year overall survival rates for the entire group were 60%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MPAL is rare and complex, with heterogeneous clinical and biological features. A literature review suggests that ALL chemotherapy is better for achieving a favorable prognosis than AML regimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial hypertension in a patient with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome","authors":"Léa Bonneau ,&nbsp;Maïlys Rupin-Mas ,&nbsp;Magali Descamps ,&nbsp;Marie Vincent ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Romefort ,&nbsp;Patrick Van Bogaert","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, also known as progeria, is a rare genetic disorder that causes premature and accelerated ageing from the neonatal period. The disease is caused by de novo mutations in the LMNA gene. Patients present with a range of symptoms, including skin, bone, joint and cardiac disorders, as well as characteristic facial dysmorphia. Intracranial hypertension is not a known symptom of this disease. To the best of our knowledge, no case of a patient with Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome presenting with intracranial hypertension without a traumatic context has been reported in the literature to date. This report presents the case of a child diagnosed with Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome who presented with intracranial hypertension at the age of three years, with no secondary cause identified. Long-term treatment with acetazolamide was required to control the intracranial hypertension. We hypothesise that the intracranial hypertension may be related to vascular abnormalities observed in Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, which may cause a venous drainage dysfunction. To support the hypothesis of a non-random association between intracranial hypertension and Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, further reports of similar cases in children with the syndrome are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 210-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child victims of intrafamilial sexual abuse: A retrospective study at the Forensic Unit","authors":"Amandine Tchouprikoff ,&nbsp;Lucile Tuchtan ,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Bosdure ,&nbsp;Violaine Bresson ,&nbsp;Claude Borrione ,&nbsp;Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti ,&nbsp;Clémence Delteil","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Reports of sexual abuse of minors are increasing, highlighting the important public health problem of child maltreatment with its long-lasting medical, forensic, emotional and social repercussions. The aim of this work was to document epidemiological data on children who were victims or suspected victims of intrafamilial sexual abuse and who were referred to a forensic unit, in order to help prevent abuse and to improve our practice in detection, diagnosis and medical, forensic, psychological and social management.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This was a historical observational descriptive and analytical study carried out in the Forensic Unit of La Timone, part of the Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, France, over a 2-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred and ninety perineal examinations were performed on young children (average age 9 years), 67 % of whom were more than a month old. Lesions were described in only 30 children (all girls), all of them old. Twenty-one children received psychological or psychiatric follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study leads us to call into question our practice for overall management of child victims of sexual abuse and for forensic expert reports, with disappearance of lesions and low information yield from samples taken for genetic identification. There is a need for multidisciplinary management of these children and for specific training in obtaining their testimony. The paediatric units for children in danger (UAPED) can provide unity of time and place with multidisciplinary management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central venous catheter-related deep vein thrombosis in severe inaugural diabetic ketoacidosis: A four case-report and literature review","authors":"Mariane Mompontet ,&nbsp;Sophie Breinig ,&nbsp;Carole Morin","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), is believed to induce a prothrombotic state, mainly due to activation of the coagulation system, platelets, and relative hypofibrinolysis.</div></div><div><h3>Observations and discussion</h3><div>A central venous catheter (CVC) can be necessary in cases of severe inaugural DKA in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Children with a CVC are at increased risk of thrombosis, particularly before the age of three.</div><div>Following a literature review and our experience in Toulouse (4 cases) of CVC-related thrombosis, we propose that CVC placement should be avoided as much as possible and alternative venous access should be preferred to minimize the risk of thrombosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>If CVC placement cannot be avoided, preventive anticoagulation should be considered, but further studies are needed to establish a proper protocol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 213-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring parents’ awareness, identification, and communication practices about acquaintance abuse against children in Pakistan","authors":"Sana Ali ,&nbsp;Shazia Hashmat ,&nbsp;Saadia Anwar Pasha","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a growing healthcare issue worldwide. However, the acquittance rape is one of the underrepresented phenomena due to certain social and cultural concerns. Consequently, the role of parents is of greater significance to ensure the safety of their children outside and insider of their homes.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This research investigated the parents’ awareness, identification, and communication practices about acquaintance rapes against Pakistani children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data was gathered from 314 respondents having one or more children below sixteen years of age and further analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Results showed that a majority of parents (70 %) were aware of child sexual abuse (CSA), especially acquaintance rape, as a prevalent phenomenon. However, they stayed neutral (50 %) about the possibility of female acquaintances as the possible cause of CSA and male children as victims of sexual abuse. They further reported physical and psychological signs to help identify acquaintance rape among children, with consensus ranging from 50 % to 60 %. Further, they showed different communication approaches, including telling children about CSA (50 %), their private body parts (around 45 %), abstaining from accepting gifts (50 %) and cautioning against going anywhere, even with someone they know (50 %), implying actively educating children about CSA as an effective strategy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Effective communication between parents and children about sexual abuse is critical for deterrence. Continued efforts to challenge stereotypes, promote inclusive attitudes, and encourage comprehensive prevention approaches are important to creating safer environments for children in Pakistani society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 191-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External validation of pittsburgh infant brain injury score in a French pediatric study","authors":"Cécile Oger ,&nbsp;Audrey Grain ,&nbsp;Elise Launay ,&nbsp;Christèle Gras-Leguen ,&nbsp;Fleur Lorton ,&nbsp;Pauline Scherdel","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Abusive Head Trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants requiring rapid neuroimaging performance and prognostic rapid diagnosis. The Pittsburgh Infant Brain Injury Score (PIBIS) clinical prediction rule (CPR) was derived to identify infants most likely to present brain injury, whose diagnosis would benefit from head CT. Our study aimed to externally validate the PIBIS CPR in a pediatric French population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted in a French pediatric emergency department between 2015 and 2017. We included all consecutive infants who underwent a neurological imaging. Medical data were collected, and PIBIS score was determined, both retrospectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 129 infants among which 33 cases (including 20 with a diagnosis of AHT). The sensitivity and specificity of the PIBIS CPR were 75.8 % (95 % CI 57.7-88.9) and 61.4 % (51.0-71.2) and negative and positive predictive values 88.1 % (77.8-94.7) and 40.3 % (33.0-48.2). Among the 20 infants with a diagnosis of AHT, 19 (95.0 %) were correctly identified by the PIBIS CPR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our external validation study found a lower diagnostic value of the PIBIS CPR than in the original study. This argues for adding biomarkers to improve its performance, notably in the context of suspected AHT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: Disease profile in early childhood","authors":"Hanane Chettouh ,&nbsp;Karima Haddad ,&nbsp;Nafissa Mahieddine ,&nbsp;Azzedine Mekki ,&nbsp;Zoulikha Zeroual ,&nbsp;Zouhir Berrou ,&nbsp;Souhaila Rezzoug","doi":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcped.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a progressive inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system caused by the measles virus, is experiencing a significant resurgence following recent measles epidemics. This study aimed to investigate the pathology of SSPE in early childhood and determine its clinical, electrophysiological, and radiological characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective, descriptive study was conducted at the Pediatric Department of Nafissa Hamoud University Hospital in Algiers. The study included children aged 2–6 years who were hospitalized for subacute neurological disorders. Data collection spanned a 3-year period from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>A total of 47 patients were examined, comprising 37 boys and 10 girls. The average age was 45.9 months (range: 24–72 months). Notably, 41 (87 %) of the patients had not received measles vaccination, and 37 (80 %) had contracted the measles virus, with 31 cases (83.8 %) occurring in children under 1 year of age. SSPE manifested approximately 3 years after infection (range: 1–5 years). Clinical events primarily included myoclonic seizures (26 cases), tonic–clonic seizures (6 cases), atonic seizures (6 cases), and focal seizures (3 cases); movement disorders were observed in 25 patients, and cognitive decline in 28 patients. Encephalitis manifestations, such as alterations in consciousness or behavior and psychiatric symptoms, were frequently observed. Electroencephalograms (EEG) revealed characteristic periodic complexes in only 22 patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were normal in 24 patients but showed characteristic anomalies in 21 patients, primarily consisting of white matter hyperintensity and cortico-subcortical atrophy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SSPE is not rare in early childhood. The latency period between virus infection and disease onset can be very short. Clinical, electroencephalographic, and radiological signs of the disease in young children may be atypical. Genetic studies are necessary to establish a genetic predisposition to the disease. Measles vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure against SSPE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55477,"journal":{"name":"Archives De Pediatrie","volume":"32 3","pages":"Pages 175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}