Archives of Iranian Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Multicenter Registry Experience for Suicidal Behaviors in Iran (2019-2022).","authors":"Marjan Fathi, Seyed Kazem Malakouti, Mohsen Rezaeian, Kourosh Sayehmiri, Abbas Sheikhtaheri, Ida Ghaemmaghamfarahani, Ahmad Hajebi, Behrooz Ghanbari, Farnaz Etesam","doi":"10.34172/aim.28558","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Considering the limited information on suicide determinants, especially in low- and middle-income countries, the establishment and promotion of a suicide registration system are among the prominent strategies for suicide prevention programs around the world. The multicenter suicide registry is designed to collect standardized data from the two provinces of Iran according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Suicidal Behavior Registration Program is a multicenter study designed in five stages, including literature review, infrastructure establishment, database design, training, data analysis, and examining opportunities and challenges. The research samples cases of suicide attempts and self-harm from hospitals in the provinces of Tehran and Ilam.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multicenter suicide registration program was carried out for 8 months in the two provinces of Tehran and Ilam. During the study period, data of 1382 people were registered, of which 7 cases in Ilam resulted in death. The study uncovered significant differences in socio-demographic, psychological status, and suicide characteristics in the two provinces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The design and implementation of the suicide registration program help researchers and policymakers make more innovative and effective interventions to prevent suicide by creating a comprehensive database of suicidal behavior determinants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 7","pages":"371-378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EU CTR 536/2014: Are We Able to Reap the Benefits by Now?","authors":"Venu Gopal Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.34172/aim.30011","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.30011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence Rates and Time Trends of Skin Cancer in Golestan Province, Northeastern Iran, 2005-2018.","authors":"Majid Mehri, Mina Karazhian, Arash Nikyar, Romina Mehri, Ali Bagheri, Mahnaz Akbari, Gholamreza Roshandel, Mehrdad Teimoorian","doi":"10.34172/aim.28801","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the significant occurrence of skin cancer in the Middle East and the existing research gap concerning its incidence and trends, this research aimed to study the epidemiology and trend changes of skin cancer in the Golestan province, Northeastern Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry's (GPCR's) data bank was utilized to gather information on confirmed skin cancer cases in the province during 2005-2018. We used Poisson regression analysis for comparing incidence rates between groups. <i>P</i> values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1690 patients (mean age: 62.05±15.83 years), most were male (60.1%) and resided in urban areas (61.5%). The age-standardized rate (ASR) of non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer was 8.49 and 0.56 per 100000 persons-year, respectively. A notably higher ASR for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was observed in men (ASR: 10.60; 95% CI: 9.91-11.29) (<i>P</i><0.01) and urban residents (ASR: 10.19; 95% CI: 9.52-10.82) (<i>P</i><0.01). There was no significant difference in the ASR of melanoma skin cancer based on gender (<i>P</i>=0.24) and place of residence (<i>P</i>=0.48). The incidence trend of melanoma (estimated annual percent change [EAPC]: -3.28; 95% CI: -18.54 to 14.83) and NMSC (EAPC: 0.39; 95% CI: -3.99 to 4.97) did not differ significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the 14-year study period, the ASR of both types of skin cancer exhibited a consistent pattern, except for NMSC, which showed higher rates among men and urban residents. This should be taken into consideration when formulating preventive and control strategies in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"289-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Green Heart Smartphone Application as a Self-Management Intervention for Hypertension and Dyslipidemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mojgan Ghavami, Alireza Abdshah, Saeed Sadeghian, Ayat Ahmadi, Mohammad Sajad Jolani, Diba Akbarzadeh, Fateme Haji Ali Asgari","doi":"10.34172/aim.28501","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health concern, the leading cause of death and disability. Thus, preventive interventions targeting modifiable risk factors are essential. Mobile-health technologies have emerged as promising tools for improving prevention by modifying risk factors. We created the \"Green Heart\" mobile app to help coronary artery disease (CAD) patients control their risk factors. The app has three modules: smoking cessation, dyslipidemia (DLP) control, and blood pressure (BP) management. This study evaluated the app's performance in monitoring hypertension (HTN) and DLP among known CAD cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial enrolled 1590 CAD subjects, including 1114 hypertensive patients and 1488 subjects with DLP, and assigned them randomly to paper-based education or application-based groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding HTN, after 6 months, we finally analyzed 545 and 546 hypertensive patients, assigned to the conventional and app groups, respectively. Patients in the app group were more likely to have their BP managed successfully (88.6% vs. 78.5%; <i>P</i><0.001). The app group showed higher odds of successful BP management (odds ratio [OR]: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.51 - 3.03). Regarding DLP, we analyzed 728 patients in the conventional and 714 patients in the app group. A higher percentage of patients in the app group (24.8%) had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels less than 70 mg/dL (16.1%; <i>P</i><0.001). The app group showed higher odds of reducing LDL-C (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.32-2.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that using the Green Heart app in the self-monitoring setting significantly improved BP and DLP management across the study population.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"313-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Self-reported Domestic Elder Abuse and Its Relation with Personality Traits of Older People and Their Family Caregivers.","authors":"Shahin Salarvand, Zahra Azizi, Saeid Bitaraf, Nahid Momeni-Safarabad","doi":"10.34172/aim.28107","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elder abuse (EA) is a serious public health issue recognized as a healthcare priority. Personality traits can influence social behaviors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported domestic EA and its relationship with personality traits of older people and their family caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. The research population included older people living in the urban community of the Lorestan Province (in the western region of Iran) selected by multistage cluster sampling. In general, 998 older people and their family caregivers were sampled. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire: a. demographic characteristics of the older people, b. questionnaire on the incidence of elder abuse, and c. short version of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-Revised (NEO-FFI-R) for measuring the personality traits of the older people or family caregivers. The statistical software used was Stata 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study reported that the prevalence of EA at home was 37.78%. In the present study, older age, female gender, unmarried/single status, lower education, unemployment, and rented house characteristics were predictors of EA. High agreeableness, high extroversion, and low neuroticism reduce conflict and tension in older people with their relatives and family, which appear to be protective factors against EA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Policymakers and health experts should prepare training and screening programs to consider these factors so that older people exposed to EA can be identified more quickly and early interventions can be used to improve their health status and increase their quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"323-333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Prevalence of Anti-HBc Antibody and Lack of HBV DNA Among HBsAg-Negative Blood Donors in Iran: A Cross-sectional Study and Review of Literature.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Hedayati-Moghaddam, Farahnaz Tehranian, Arman Mosavat, Rahele Miri, Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht","doi":"10.34172/aim.28579","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) refers to the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the serum or liver of individuals who tested negative for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). This study aimed to determine seropositivity for antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) and the frequency of OBI among the HBsAg non-reactive blood donors in Mashhad, northeastern Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, serum samples of HBsAg-negative blood donors were examined for anti-HBc during June and August 2018. Anti-HBc-positive samples were tested for antibodies against HBsAg (anti-HBs), and those with negative results were classified as isolated anti-HBc cases. The presence of HBV DNA in the C, S, and X gene regions was assessed by a qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method in all HBsAg-negative samples. OBI subjects were detected by the presence of at least one HBV genomic region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 540 HBsAg-negative donors, 29 (5.4%; 95% confidence interval: 3.6-7.6%) showed seroreactivity for anti-HBc, of whom 18 individuals were also seropositive for anti-HBs. All donors showed negative results for all three HBV genes regardless of their serum anti-HBc status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our findings, we suggest routine screening of Iranian blood donation volunteers for serum anti-HBc and anti-HBs but not HBV DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"305-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the Inguinal Hernia Sac Diagnosed Radiologically: A Case Report.","authors":"Ahmed Said Çil, İbrahim Üntan","doi":"10.34172/aim.28951","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macroscopic tumor implants in the hernia sac are a very rare condition. They occur as a result of the implantation of malignant cells in the malignant ascites from the inguinal canal to the hernia sac. In this case report, we share the clinical and radiological findings of the macroscopic tumoral implants in the hernia sac at the level of the inguinal canal and scrotum in a male patient aged 65 years with a history of total gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma and developing malignant ascites six months after the surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"341-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroepidemiological Investigation of Hepatitis B and C Prevalence and Associated Factors Among People in Custody at Zahedan Central Prison.","authors":"Maliheh Metanat, Seyedeh Zeinab Almasi, Nahid Sepehri Rad, Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaee, Kosar Rezaei","doi":"10.34172/aim.23553","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.23553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>On a global scale, approximately 350 million are affected by hepatitis B, and 71 million by hepatitis C. People in custody face elevated risks for these infections. The prevalence and risk factors in Iranian prisons are insufficiently documented. The principal objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of hepatitis B and C, coupled with the identification of pertinent influencing factors, within the confines of Zahedan central prison, situated in the southeastern region of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2019, we conducted an analytical cross-sectional study involving 407 people in custody, using stratified random sampling. To definitively diagnose hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (<i>P</i><0.05), a checklist developed by the researchers, along with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study comprised 406 participants (96.3% male) with a median age of 32 years (27-38). Approximately 62% were married, and a substantial proportion of the participants had low education levels (47%), unemployment (64%), and belonged to the Baloch ethnicity (64%). The overall prevalence of hepatitis C and B infections was 2.7% and 10.6%, respectively. Tattooing (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.9-4.5) and marriage (AOR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.05-3.04) were identified as risk factors for hepatitis B. Moreover, hepatitis C showed a statistically significant association with a family history of hepatitis B and C (AOR: 3.31, 95% CI: 3.93-24.64) and intravenous (IV) drug use (AOR: 7.01, 95% CI: 1.52-32.78) according to the multivariable logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of hepatitis B and C was higher among people in custody in Zahedan central prison. Consequently, targeted interventions are vital to address and reduce viral hepatitis burden in custodial settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"298-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Extended Hospital Stay and its Impact on Subsequent Short-term Readmission with Tuberculosis Patients.","authors":"Jing Cao, Hebin Xie, Zikai Yu, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.34172/aim.25459","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.25459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the factors associated with extended length of stay (LOSE) for patients with tuberculosis (TB) in China, and construct a nomogram to predict it. In addition, the impact of extended hospital stay on short-term readmission after discharge was assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted at Changsha Central Hospital, from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients (≥18 years who were first admitted to hospital for TB treatment) with non-multidrug-resistant TB were selected using the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10-CM), and the hospital's electronic medical record system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between TB and LOSE. The relationship between length of hospital stay and readmission within 31 days after discharge was assessed using a univariate Cox proportional risk model. A total of 14259 patients were included in this study (13629 patients in the development group and 630 in the validation group). The factors associated with extended hospital stays were age, smear positivity, extrapulmonary involvement, surgery, transfer from other medical structures, smoking, chronic liver disease, and drug-induced hepatitis. There was no statistical significance in the 31-day readmission rate of TB between the LOSE and length of stay≤14 days groups (hazards ratio: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.80-1.06, <i>P</i>=0.229).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LOSE with TB was influenced by several patient-level factors, which were combined to construct a nomograph. The established nomograph can help hospital administrator and clinicians to identify patients with TB requiring extended hospital stays, and more efficiently plan for treatment programs and resource needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 6","pages":"334-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Applying Green Heart, a Smartphone-Based Self-management Intervention to Control Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mojgan Ghavami, Alireza Abdshah, Ayat Ahmadi, Diba Akbarzadeh, Ali Mofidi, Mahnaz Ashoorkhani, Saeed Sadeghian","doi":"10.34172/aim.2024.37","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.2024.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health concern and are the most common cause of death and disability, necessitating preventive interventions targeting modifiable risk factors. Recently, mobile-health technology has been developed to improve the delivery of cardiovascular prevention by risk factor modification. The \"Green Heart\" mobile application (app) was designed to aid in risk factor control among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial enrolled 1590 CAD patients, including 668 current smokers, randomly assigned to control (paper-based education) and intervention (application-based) groups. The app encompassed three modules targeting smoking cessation, dyslipidemia control, and blood pressure management. This study evaluated the impact of the smoking cessation module on behavioral change among current smokers. Green Heart assesses nicotine dependence, offering personalized quit plans, educational content, motivational messages, and automated progress tracking. The odds of smoking behavior changes during the 24-week follow-up underwent assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intention-to-treat analysis highlighted significantly elevated rates of smoking cessation and reductions in the intervention group versus the control group. Adherence to the app (per-treatment analysis) also demonstrated significantly more favorable smoking behavior changes among the application users. Logistic regression emphasized higher odds of quitting and reduction in smoking in the application group, showing an odds ratio of 2.14 (95% CI: 1.16-3.97) compared to those not using the app (<i>P</i>=0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results confirmed that complete adherence to the app for at least 24 weeks was linked to alterations in cigarette smoking behavior among CAD patients. <b>Trial Registration Number:</b> IRCT20221016056204N1.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 5","pages":"255-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11097320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}