Archives of Iranian Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Progress Toward the Implementation of General Health Policies in Iran.","authors":"Haniye Sadat Sajadi, Maryam Nazari, Najmeh Bahmanziari, Reza Majdzadeh","doi":"10.34172/aim.31958","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monitoring and evaluation are crucial in ensuring the effective implementation of health priorities. This descriptive study examined the progress towards implementing Iran's General Health Policies (IGHP) to illustrate how countries can effectively monitor and evaluate their national plans. Additionally, the study sought to identify factors that impede the full implementation of these policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Available data sources, formal reports, and studies were examined to gather data on selected indicators. Then, documentary analysis and 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify measures taken to materialize IGHP and factors that hindered the full implementation of IGHP. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that several indicators improved during these years, while there was no data for some indicators. There are some barriers to implementing the IGHP, including lack of full understanding of the policies, absence of necessary mechanisms and infrastructures, lack of coherency and alignment of national health plans and policies, absence of monitoring and evaluation framework, and lack of transparency and accountability in the health system. As countries continue to develop their health plans and policies, lack of clarity regarding the progress of these plans remains a concern.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Countries need to strengthen their health planning systems and expedite the implementation of accountability mechanisms within the health system. Enhancing capacity building is essential to establish a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation framework. By fortifying these systems, countries will be better equipped to measure and track progress toward achieving their health objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 12","pages":"646-653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urgent Alert: Potential Risk of Dengue Infection Transmission Through Blood Transfusion in Iran.","authors":"Zahra Taghinejad, Mohammad Asgharzadeh, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah","doi":"10.34172/aim.31756","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue infection is an emerging public health issue in Iran, with about 149 confirmed newly infected cases. It can be transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes and even nosocomial routes. Due to the rapid replication and geographical spread of the mosquito, there is a potential risk of increased infected individuals. Given the possibility of the transmission of dengue infection through transfusion, it is important to implement policies to improve blood safety. Proper donor selection by utilizing appropriate blood donor questionnaires and performing general physical examinations, along with performing sensitive diagnostic tests on blood donor samples, utilizing pathogen reduction techniques, and implementing lookback programs, can be effective in reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted dengue virus (TT-DENV).</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 12","pages":"693-699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathologic Effects of Xenogeneic GvHD Induced by Adoptively Transferred Human-Derived T Cells in Severely Immunodeficient Mice.","authors":"Hami Ashraf, Farid Kosari, Amir Arsalan Khorsand, Samad Muhammadnejad, Vahid Mansouri, Ahad Muhammadnejad, Naser Ahmadbeigi, Seyed Mostafa Monzavi","doi":"10.34172/aim.28597","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease (xGvHD) is an inevitable confounder of preclinical evaluation of adoptive immunotherapies on tumor-bearing immunodeficient mouse models. This study was designed to appraise the clinical and histopathological effects caused by xGvHD in severely immunodeficient mice considering the T cell dosage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty NOG mice underwent intraperitoneal injection of three different doses of human-derived total T cells, a high dose of CD8⁺T cells, or vehicle (as control). Clinical and histopathological status of the study subjects were evaluated and compared according to scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In mice receiving higher doses of total T cells, the clinical severity of xGvHD was greater. However, recipients of CD8⁺T cells developed none to mild xGvHD manifestations. Higher doses of T cells were associated with poorer outcomes including premature death and more severe histopathologic damages. Greater CD3⁺T cell tissue engraftment (immunohistochemical CD3 positivity) was associated with more severe xGvHD-induced histopathological damages. Clinical xGvHD scores were significantly correlated with histopathological xGvHD scores in total and in each tissue. Mice with severe cutaneous symptoms had higher scores of xGvHD-induced histopathologic changes in the skin. Lethargy was associated with higher histopathological scores in the lungs, liver and spleen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In preclinical evaluations, lower doses of T cell-based therapies are associated with milder xGvHD. Development of xGvHD may be averted by the use of CD4⁺T cell-depleted grafts. Histopathological and clinical scoring systems for evaluating xGvHD are significantly correlated. The lungs and liver are reliable organs for histopathological assessment and scoring of xGvHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 12","pages":"683-692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Stone Composition Analysis of 1465 Patients: The First Series from Azerbaijan.","authors":"Rashad Sholan, Rufat Aliyev, Ulduz Hashimova, Seymur Karimov, Elvin Bayramov","doi":"10.34172/aim.32026","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.32026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary stone disease is a prevalent health issue worldwide, with varying incidence influenced by multiple factors. This study aims to provide the first comprehensive analysis of urinary stone composition in Azerbaijan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 1465 patients, aged 1‒83 years, who underwent biochemical urinary stone analysis at the Department of Renal Diseases and Organ Transplantation, Azerbaijan State Security Service Military Hospital, between April 2015 and December 2023. Stone samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using the IBM® SPSS software version 29.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort had a median age of 45 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.65:1. Calcium oxalate stones were the most common (56.2%), followed by uric acid (33.7%), struvite (5.3%), cystine (2.5%), calcium phosphate (1.9%), and xanthine (0.1%) stones. Men had a higher prevalence of calcium oxalate and uric acid stones, while women had more struvite stones. Mixed stones were common, particularly among uric acid and struvite stones. Significant differences in stone composition were observed between age groups and genders, with uric acid stones found predominantly in older individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the predominance of calcium oxalate stones and the elevated prevalence of uric acid stones in Azerbaijan, emphasizing the need for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The high prevalence of mixed stones underscores the complexity of urinary stone disease and the need for comprehensive metabolic evaluation and individualized preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"618-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Brussels to Mashhad, Professor Roch (Abdullah) Boulvin (1912‒1969), Accelerator of Progression of Modern Surgery in Northeastern Iran.","authors":"Ali Emadzadeh, Shirin Taraz Jamshidi, Maryam Emadzadeh, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavi","doi":"10.34172/aim.31067","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"643-645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Music on Anxiety and Fatigue in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Havva Gezgin Yazıcı, Çiğdem Ökten, Esra Karabulut, Mehmet Aliustaoğlu","doi":"10.34172/aim.31258","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety and fatigue are symptoms typically experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. In dealing with these symptoms, listening to music may help patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The randomized controlled study was conducted between May 1, 2022 and November 10, 2022 with 60 patients treated in the outpatient chemotherapy unit. The data were gathered using a patient information form, Brief Fatigue Inventory, and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. In addition to standard treatment and care, 30-minute music was played with a passive listening method in a total of three cycles of chemotherapy in the intervention group patients who completed the first cycle and visited for the second cycle of chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) findings, the group variable significantly affected the post-test state anxiety scores when an adjustment was made for pre-test state anxiety scores (F=240.398, <i>P</i><0.001, η²=0.808). In addition, pre-test state anxiety scores affected post-test results (F=7.925, <i>P</i>=0.007, η²=0.122). According to the ANCOVA findings, the group variable significantly affected the post-test trait anxiety scores (F=235.243, <i>P</i><0.001, η²=0.805). In addition, pre-test trait anxiety scores affected post-test results (F=34.977, <i>P</i><0.001, η²=0.380). According to ANCOVA results, the group variable significantly affected post-test fatigue scores (F=79.201, <i>P</i><0.001, η²=0.582). In addition, pre-test scores affected post-test scores (F=11.082, <i>P</i>=0.002, η²=0.163).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed that music had positive effects on fatigue and anxiety levels in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. It may be recommended to include music intervention in nursing practices for cancer patients during chemotherapy. The study results demonstrated that music intervention can be used in nursing practices for cancer patients during chemotherapy. Its low-cost and non-invasive nature also provide ease of application. Therefore, we can recommend the application of music intervention in outpatient chemotherapy units.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"611-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toll-Like Receptors Agonists: First-Line Defense Tools in the Pandemic Preparedness Arsenal?","authors":"Farrokh Habibzadeh, Parham Habibzadeh, Mihai G Netea, Mahboobeh Yadollahie","doi":"10.34172/aim.31792","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31792","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"629-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of AI in Competency-Based Medical Education: Using EPA as the Magicbox.","authors":"Ali Dabbagh, Firoozeh Madadi, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.34172/aim.31795","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31795","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"633-635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hairy Cell Leukemia Following Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Concomitant or Secondary?","authors":"Zhang Bingyao, Fu Zhaoqiang, Zhang Xuxi, Yang Qian, Qin Youwen","doi":"10.34172/aim.28846","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.28846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 62-year-old man diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed limited responses to two courses of azacitidine (AZA)+Venetoclax (VEN) therapy. Twenty days after being transferred to our hospital, flow cytometry with broad antigen coverage and mutation analysis confirmed the presence of a second malignancy, hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Following haploidentical combined umbilical cord blood transplantation, the patient achieved complete remission (CR) for both AML and HCL. This CR has been maintained for the past 14 months. Patients with dual hematologic malignancies may not respond well to conventional therapy regimens. Early initiation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is beneficial for improving prognosis and extending overall survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"636-638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalp Lesion as the First Manifestation of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, A Very Rare Case.","authors":"Luis Posado-Domínguez, Jonnathan Roldan-Ruiz, María Martin-Galache, Alejandra Ruiz-Villanueva, Maria L Perez-García","doi":"10.34172/aim.31235","DOIUrl":"10.34172/aim.31235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive tumors. Its diagnosis is usually made in locally advanced or metastatic disease and survival is less than one year. The most frequent sites of metastatic involvement are the liver, peritoneum and lungs. Other organs such as the bones or the brain may be affected to a lesser extent. Cutaneous involvement of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is extremely rare with less than 150 cases reported in the literature since 1960. Most cases with cutaneous involvement involve the periumbilical region, in a lesion known as \"Sister Mary Joseph's Node\". Scalp metastases are very rare and their diagnosis suggests advanced disease and the prognosis will be dismal. It is very important to perform a complete physical examination and a global anamnesis to guide the request for diagnostic tests. Once the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been made, a global assessment will be necessary, involving different medical specialists, nurses, psychologists and social workers among others. In many cases, supportive care is the mainstay of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55469,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":"639-642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}