Arthropod Structure & Development最新文献_第7页

Differences in three instars of four carrion nitidulids (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae, Nitidula and Omosita) revealed using SEM 利用扫描电子显微镜揭示四种腐尸硝虫（鞘翅目，硝虫科，硝虫属和 Omosita）三个蜕期的差异

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101317

Gengwang Hu , Chao Liu , Runze Zhang , Liangliang Li , Shipeng Shao , Ruonan Zhang , Yundi Gao , Yi Guo , Ya Yang , Yu Wang , Luyang Tao

{"title":"Differences in three instars of four carrion nitidulids (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae, Nitidula and Omosita) revealed using SEM","authors":"Gengwang Hu , Chao Liu , Runze Zhang , Liangliang Li , Shipeng Shao , Ruonan Zhang , Yundi Gao , Yi Guo , Ya Yang , Yu Wang , Luyang Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2023.101317","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The genera Omosita and Nitidula from the family Nitidulidae, are often reported to be associated with rotten animal carcasses. However, morphological descriptions of their larval stages are limited and are usually only from the third instar larvae, which does not provide enough systematic data. In this study, the overall structure of three instar larvae from the four Nitidulidae species was compared using optical microscopy, and the resolution was not satisfactory. To compensate, a large number of structures and organs were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the number and distribution of chaetotaxy in different parts, including the macrosetae, setae, and microtrichia, have important identification values between the genera, species, and even instars. We also discuss the possible role of microtrichia in the biology of Nitidulidae larvae. Additionally, we described the number and types of sensilla in three sensory organs, and the morphologic parameters of the head capsule and urogomphi as determined by SEM images, are provided. An identification key with application value for storage products and forensic entomology was also compiled.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138770117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultramorphology of the proboscis and sensilla of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) 亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia furnacalis（鳞翅目：玉米螟科）长鼻和感觉器的超形态学研究

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101315

Yi-Fan Wang, Qing-Xiao Chen

{"title":"Ultramorphology of the proboscis and sensilla of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)","authors":"Yi-Fan Wang, Qing-Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101315","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests affecting maize in Asia. Previous research on the feeding behavior of O. furnacalis has mostly focused on larvae, but the adult feeding preference has been unclear hitherto. In this study, we investigated the ultramorphology of the proboscis and sensilla of O. furnacalis using scanning electron microscopy and made morphological comparisons between the sexes, attempting to make predictions on the food preference and feeding behavior of the adults. The proboscis of O. furnacalis is divided into zones 1 and 2 with three types of sensilla, namely chaetica, basiconica, and styloconica. The entire proboscis and zone 2 of the females are significantly longer than those of the males. The main sexual difference in the sensilla is shown in the number of sensilla styloconica, which are eight in females but nine in males. The feeding preference of adult O. furnacalis is discussed based on the morphology of the proboscis and sensilla.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138715550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The cranial apparatus glands of the canthariphilous Pyrochroa coccinea (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), and their implications in sexual behaviour 红翅目:火蛾科:火蛾科)的颅腺及其对性行为的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101316

Marco Molfini , Maurizio Muzzi , Emiliano Mancini , Marco A. Bologna , Andrea Di Giulio

{"title":"The cranial apparatus glands of the canthariphilous Pyrochroa coccinea (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), and their implications in sexual behaviour","authors":"Marco Molfini , Maurizio Muzzi , Emiliano Mancini , Marco A. Bologna , Andrea Di Giulio","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Some Pyrochroidae species are known as “canthariphilous” for their attraction to cantharidin (CTD), a toxic terpene with anti-predatory effects, produced in nature by only two beetle families (Meloidae and Oedemeridae). It has been demonstrated that males of Neopyrochroa flabellata ingesting CTD are positively selected by females. Indeed, the compound is re-emitted from a glandular cranial apparatus as secretions that are licked up by females during courtship behaviour, inducing copulation. Herein, we provide the first description of the glands associated to the cranial apparatus of male Pyrochroinae using the European species Pyrochroa coccinea as a model. Morphological analyses show that the cranial apparatus consists of a concave pit lined with short setae retaining secretions emitted through numerous glandular pores. Ultrastructural investigations reveal the presence of two different class 3 glands (Gl.A and Gl.B), intermixed at the level of the pit but exhibiting distinct features. Gl.A are mainly characterised by short conducting canals, rounded nuclei and electrondense vesicles while Gl.B are characterised by long conducting canals, irregular nuclei, vesicles containing a particulate substance and a multifolded plasma membrane. Observations of sexual behaviour are also reported for P. coccinea and compared to N. flabellata, confirming the involvement of cranial apparatus secretions in courtship behaviour.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S146780392300083X/pdfft?md5=d55c3c0acefa534f58567867e144fb3a&pid=1-s2.0-S146780392300083X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immature stages of Utetes anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) developed in Anastrepha fruit fly larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae) 双翅目:绢蝇科(膜翅目:绢蝇科)幼虫发育的未成熟期

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101314

María Dina Estrada-Marroquín , Jorge Cancino , Daniel Sánchez-Guillén , Pablo Montoya , Pablo Liedo

{"title":"Immature stages of Utetes anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) developed in Anastrepha fruit fly larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae)","authors":"María Dina Estrada-Marroquín , Jorge Cancino , Daniel Sánchez-Guillén , Pablo Montoya , Pablo Liedo","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101314","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The morphology of the immature stages of Utetes anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a native parasitoid of larvae of flies of the Neotropical genus Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), is shown. This study aimed to characterize the immature stages and morphological changes in the development of the koinobiont endoparasitoid in two species of larval hosts, Anastrepha obliqua and Anastrepha ludens. The definition of structures and morphological changes during development was made through daily microscopic observations and photographs of dissected hosts. The immature development of the parasitoid corresponds to a holometabolous insect with three well-defined stages: egg (two days), larva with three larval instars (approximately eight days), and pupa (six days). Similar development times were obtained in the two host species. Males and females completed their cycle in 17 and 18 days, respectively. During egg-first instar development, host antagonistic activity through melanization and encapsulation as mortality factors was evident and frequent only in A. obliqua. These results serve as basic knowledge for the use of this parasitoid in the biological control of fruit flies.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunolocalization of SIFamide-like neuropeptides in the adult and developing central nervous system of the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis (Malacostraca, Peracarida, Amphipoda) sifamily样神经肽在夏威夷片足类动物(Malacostraca, Peracarida, Amphipoda)成虫和发育中的中枢神经系统中的免疫定位

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101309

Sophie Raspe , Katja Kümmerlen , Steffen Harzsch

{"title":"Immunolocalization of SIFamide-like neuropeptides in the adult and developing central nervous system of the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis (Malacostraca, Peracarida, Amphipoda)","authors":"Sophie Raspe , Katja Kümmerlen , Steffen Harzsch","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2023.101309","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Immunohistochemical analyses on the distribution of neuropeptides in the pancrustacean brain in the past have focussed mostly on representatives of the decapod (“ten-legged”) pancrustaceans whereas other taxa are understudied in this respect. The current report examines the post-embryogenic and adult brain and ventral nerve cord of the amphipod pancrustacean Parhyale hawaiensis (Dana. 1853; Peracarida, Amphipoda, Hyalide), a subtropical species with a body size of 1.5 cm and a direct post-embryonic development using immunohistochemistry to label the neuropeptide SIFamide and synaptic proteins (synapsins). We found strong SIFamide-like labelling in proto-, deuto- and tritocerebrum, especially in the lamina, the lateral protocerebrum, lateral assessory lobe, the central body, olfactory lobe, medial antenna 1 neuropil and antenna 2 neuropil. Out of a total of 28 ± 5 (N = 12) SIFamide-positive neurons in the central brain of adult P. hawaiensis, we found three individually identifiable somata which were consistently present within the brain of adult and subadult animals. Additionally, the subesophageal and two adjacent thoracic ganglia were analysed in only adult animals and also showed a strong SIFamide-like immunoreactivity. We compare our findings to other pancrustaceans including hexapods and discuss them in an evolutionary context.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49899668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphology and ultrastructure of the mandibular gland in Camponotus japonicus 刺参下颌腺的形态和超微结构。

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101313

Wenjing Xu , Liangliang Zhang , Ruoqing Ma , Johan Billen , Hong He

{"title":"Morphology and ultrastructure of the mandibular gland in Camponotus japonicus","authors":"Wenjing Xu , Liangliang Zhang , Ruoqing Ma , Johan Billen , Hong He","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101313","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The mandibular gland is an important exocrine gland connected to the mandibles. In ants, it plays a crucial role in alarm communication and reproduction. While the overall morphology of the mandibular gland does not vary much between ant species, significant differences exist in the ultrastructural characteristics and gland size in some reported cases. However, there have been few systematic comparative studies on this subject. In this paper, we conducted microscopic observations to analyze the morphological and ultrastructural similarities and differences of the mandibular gland in different castes of Camponotus japonicus. Our findings revealed that the mandibular glands of males were significantly larger than those of females. In terms of relative size, within the female castes the mandibular glands of minor workers were the largest. Additionally, our observations of the ultrastructure showed that secretory substances were most abundant in queens. All female castes and males showed the presence of crystalline structures in the secretory cells. The content of these biocrystals decreased from minor workers to major workers, queens, and males. In males, however, crystalline structures were rare and the most abundant substances are droplet-like secretions. The differences in morphology and ultrastructure between different castes suggest that the function of the mandibular gland varies among castes. In conclusion, our study provides insights into the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the mandibular gland in different castes of C. japonicus. Further research is needed to fully understand the specific functions and mechanisms of this gland in ants.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Walking leg regeneration in the sea spider Nymphon brevirostre Hodge, 1863 (Pycnogonida) 短吻睡莲海蛛的步行腿再生，Hodge，1863（Pycnogonida）。

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101310

Maria Petrova, Ekaterina Bogomolova

{"title":"Walking leg regeneration in the sea spider Nymphon brevirostre Hodge, 1863 (Pycnogonida)","authors":"Maria Petrova, Ekaterina Bogomolova","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101310","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Regeneration is widespread across all animal taxa, but patterns of its distribution and key factors determining regeneration capabilities stay enigmatic. A comparative approach could shed light on the problem, but its efficacy is limited by the fact that data is only available on a few species from derived taxa. Pycnogonida are nested basally within the Chelicerata. They can shed and replace their walking legs and have a high regeneration capacity. In this work, we carried careful observation on leg appendotomy and regeneration processes in a sea spider under laboratory settings. The limb structure and in vivo observation reveal autotomy as the most likely appendotomy mechanism. High regeneration capabilities were ascertained: an anatomically normal but small leg appeared in a single molting cycle and the full functionality regained in 2–3 cycles. Wound closure after appendotomy in N. brevirostre primarily relies on hemolymph coagulation, which apparently differs from both xiphosurans and crustaceans. Regeneration is provided by proliferation in the leg cutpiece. Regenerative morphogenesis resembles the normal ontogenetic morphogenesis of a walking leg, but accelerated. Unlike in most arthropods, in N. brevirostre, regeneration does not necessarily correspond to the molting cycle, inferring a plesiomorphic state.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sperm models in European Plecoptera 欧洲Plecoptera的精子模型。

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101311

Anna Maria Fausto , Anna Rita Taddei , Maria Cristina Belardinelli , Massimo Ceci , Gabriella Gambellini , Romolo Fochetti

{"title":"Sperm models in European Plecoptera","authors":"Anna Maria Fausto , Anna Rita Taddei , Maria Cristina Belardinelli , Massimo Ceci , Gabriella Gambellini , Romolo Fochetti","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101311","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Systematic issues regarding Plecoptera are still debated, and the molecular data seem to be unable to definitively clarify the relationships within the order. Spermatozoa are under constant evolutionary pressure, and comparative spermatology can be useful in carrying systematic and phylogenetic information. In the present paper we describe the sperm structure, using light, scanning and transmission electron and immunofluorescence microscopy, of six Euholognatha species belonging to genera not analyzed in our previous studies, i.e. Capnopsis, Amphinemura, Rhabdiopteryx, Tyrrhenoleuctra, Zwicknia and Protonemura. The spermatozoa of all the species examined are fîliform and have a flagellum characterized by an axoneme with 9 + 9+2 pattern and two mitochondrial derivatives. Their ultrastructure shows a degree of heterogeneity within the order. On the contrary, morphological features of sperm are well conserved inside a single Euholognathan family, and the species share a general family sperm model, even if different interspecific or intergeneric characters can be identified and used for systematic inferences. Among Nemouroidea, Taeniopterygidae, showing a peculiar sperm model, seems to have an isolated phylogenetic position. Nemouridae, with a mono-layered acrosome, are isolated among the remaining families, while we can hypothesize a sister taxa relationship between Leuctridae and Capniidae. As regards Perloidea, the sperm characters suggest a closer relationship between Chloroperlidae and Perlodidae, rather than between Perlidae and Perlodidae, as commonly hypothesized.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional morphology of the mouthparts of longhorn beetle adult Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and sensilla comparisons between the sexes 长角甲虫成年Psacothea hilaris（鞘翅目：角蚧科）口器的功能形态和性别间的感觉器比较。

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101312

Chang-Tai Liu, Xin Tong

{"title":"Functional morphology of the mouthparts of longhorn beetle adult Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and sensilla comparisons between the sexes","authors":"Chang-Tai Liu, Xin Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101312","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Psacothea hilaris is an important wood boring beetle that causes significant ecological and economic damage. The mouthparts of P. hilaris contain feeding and sensory structures that play important roles in many behaviors. The study of their functional morphologies provides insight into feeding and sensory mechanisms. The fine structures of the mouthparts and the sensilla of both sexes were observed by scanning electron microscopy, with special attention to quantitative comparisons. The general structures of the mouthparts are similar in males and females. However, the maxillary and labial palps of females are more well-developed than those of males. Six types of sensilla were found in both sexes: sensilla basiconca, sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla digitiformia, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla palmata. This was the first attempt to describe the sensilla on the epipharynx and ligula of Cerambycidae. There were differences in the number of sensilla of males and females, especially on the mandibles, maxillary and labial palps. However, not all types of sensilla have a greater number in females compared to males. The results provide basic information on the gustatory sensation mechanism of Cerambycidae.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trilobite hypostome as a fusion of anterior sclerite and labrum 三叶虫尿道下裂是前部硬骨组织和阴唇的融合体。

IF 2 3区农林科学

Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101308

Tae-Yoon S. Park

{"title":"Trilobite hypostome as a fusion of anterior sclerite and labrum","authors":"Tae-Yoon S. Park","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101308","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The trilobite hypostome is a biomineralized ventral plate that covers the mouth, but its evolutionary origin remains controversial. The labrum is a lobe-like structure that can take on variety of shapes in front of the mouth in arthropods, while the anterior sclerite refers to a cuticular plate articulated to the anterior margin of the head in some Cambrian arthropods. Here I present a perspective that views the trilobite hypostome as a fusion of the anterior sclerite and the labrum based on anatomical, topological, and developmental evidence. According to this perspective, the anterior lobe of the hypostome originated from the anterior sclerite, while the posterior lobe reflects a remnant of the sclerotized cover of the labrum. The convex anterior lobe housed the root of the eye stalks, represented by the palpebral ridges and the hypostomal wing, and the posterior lobe occasionally developed a pair of posterolateral extensions, as do the labra. The position of the antennal insertion was located in front of the posterior lobe, displaying a similar topology to the Cambrian arthropods with the labrum. The hypostome was present in many artiopodans except for the Conciliterga, in which the anterior sclerite was separate from the labrum.</div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0