British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology最新文献

Refining the asymptotically correct standardization of person-fit statistics for mixed-format tests. 改进混合格式检验的人拟合统计的渐近正确标准化。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70049

Sandip Sinharay

引用次数: 0

Blending substantive and methodological expertise into statistical models: Longitudinal model development. 将实质性的和方法论的专门知识混合到统计模型中：纵向模型开发。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70051

Kevin J Grimm, Russell Houpt, Maggie Cleaver, Sarah Johnson, Keane Hauck, Frank J Infurna, Ian G Campbell

{"title":"Blending substantive and methodological expertise into statistical models: Longitudinal model development.","authors":"Kevin J Grimm, Russell Houpt, Maggie Cleaver, Sarah Johnson, Keane Hauck, Frank J Infurna, Ian G Campbell","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.70051","url":null,"abstract":"Study design and subsequent data analysis is ideally a collaborative endeavour between applied researchers and statistical experts (e.g. methodologists, data scientists). Applied researchers know what research questions need to be answered and statistical experts, in conjunction with the applied researchers, plan study details (e.g. sample size, measurement instruments) and the analytic approach to best answer the research questions. Research questions regarding change processes are especially challenging as there are more study design decisions and more analytic options to consider. Moreover, the optimal analytic approach may not be feasible given the available longitudinal data. Additionally, many studies of change utilize secondary data, where decisions regarding the measures, the number and timing of assessments and sample size were not planned for the current research questions. In these cases, longitudinal model development is often a compromise between what is ideal and what is feasible given the available data. In this paper, we discuss two empirical projects and how collaboration between applied researchers and developmental methodologists informed the analytic models.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defining asymmetry in item response theory. 项目反应理论中不对称的定义。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70050

Leah M Feuerstahler, Jay Verkuilen, Fabio Setti, Peter Johnson

{"title":"Defining asymmetry in item response theory.","authors":"Leah M Feuerstahler, Jay Verkuilen, Fabio Setti, Peter Johnson","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.70050","url":null,"abstract":"Asymmetric item response theory (asymIRT) has emerged as an important extension of classical IRT, motivated by empirical evidence and theoretical arguments that symmetric item response functions (IRFs) often inadequately describe real response processes. Despite rapid model development, there remains ambiguity regarding what constitutes asymmetry, how different models relate to one another, and how asymmetry should be quantified. This paper provides a unified framework for defining, interpreting, and measuring asymmetry in IRT models. Refining Samejima's notion of point symmetry, we propose general definitions of IRF symmetry based on properties of the first derivative of the IRF. These definitions clarify the status of various models, including the 3PL, unipolar models, and recently proposed asymmetric functions. We further introduce quantile-based measures of skewness as convenient indices of the magnitude and direction of item asymmetry and demonstrate how these measures behave across several asymmetric models. Through analytic results and numerical illustrations, we show that asymmetry has meaningful consequences for latent trait estimation, particularly in how items penalize or reward responses at different trait levels. This work positions asymmetry as a fundamental item characteristic, alongside difficulty and discrimination, and provides practical tools for comparing asymmetric IRT models and understanding their substantive implications.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multilevel Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with individual- and variable-specific estimates as random effects 具有个体和变量特异性估计作为随机效应的多层次Ornstein-Uhlenbeck过程。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70019

José Ángel Martínez-Huertas, Emilio Ferrer

{"title":"A multilevel Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with individual- and variable-specific estimates as random effects","authors":"José Ángel Martínez-Huertas, Emilio Ferrer","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.70019","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we extend a stochastic differential equation (SDE) model, the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) process, to the simultaneous analysis of time series of multiple variables by means of random effects for individuals and variables using a Bayesian framework. This SDE model is a stationary Gauss-Markov process that varies over time around its mean. Our extension allows us to estimate the variability of different parameters of the process, such as the mean (μ) or the drift parameter (φ), across individuals and variables of the system by means of marginalized posterior distributions. We illustrate the estimations and the interpretability of the parameters of this multilevel OU process in an empirical study of affect dynamics where multiple individuals were measured on different variables at multiple time points. We also conducted a simulation study to evaluate whether the model can recover the population parameters generating the OU process. Our results support the use of this model to obtain both the general parameters (common to all individuals and variables) and the variable-specific point estimates (random effects). We conclude that this multilevel OU process with individual- and variable-specific estimates as random effects can be a useful approach to analyse time series for multiple variables simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"325-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detecting association changes in intensive longitudinal data in real time: An exponentially weighted moving average procedure 实时检测密集纵向数据中的关联变化：指数加权移动平均过程。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70035

Evelien Schat, Sarah Schrevens, Francis Tuerlinckx, Eva Ceulemans

{"title":"Detecting association changes in intensive longitudinal data in real time: An exponentially weighted moving average procedure","authors":"Evelien Schat, Sarah Schrevens, Francis Tuerlinckx, Eva Ceulemans","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.70035","url":null,"abstract":"Within-person changes in linear associations may indicate worsening well-being and maladaptive functioning. We investigated whether such changes can be detected in real time using the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) procedure. Specifically, we investigated the effectiveness of first calculating association strength within time windows, considering several association measures (i.e. Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation, Pearson covariance, Penrose shape distance, Euclidean distance, Lorentzian distance, Manhattan distance and squared Euclidean distance), and then monitoring mean-level changes in these scores using EWMA. Additionally, we examined how changes in the mean and variance in the observed time series (with or without a correlation change) influence the detection performance of EWMA when applied to association scores. Our simulation results show that monitoring Pearson and Spearman correlation scores is advised, when no additional information is available about the presence of additional mean and/or variance changes in the observed time series. However, using other association measures, which are sensitive to more types of changes apart from the correlation (i.e. mean and/or variance), can improve detection performance given specific combinations of mean, variance and correlation changes. Using other measures can thus be valuable when the presence of such a combination of changes can be predicted before monitoring begins.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"362-378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling non-linear psychological processes: Reviewing and evaluating non-parametric approaches and their applicability to intensive longitudinal data 非线性心理过程建模：回顾和评估非参数方法及其对密集纵向数据的适用性。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12397

Jan I. Failenschmid, Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Joris Mulder, Joran Jongerling

{"title":"Modelling non-linear psychological processes: Reviewing and evaluating non-parametric approaches and their applicability to intensive longitudinal data","authors":"Jan I. Failenschmid, Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Joris Mulder, Joran Jongerling","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.12397","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.12397","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological concepts are increasingly understood as complex dynamic systems that change over time. To study these complex systems, researchers are increasingly gathering intensive longitudinal data (ILD), revealing non-linear phenomena such as asymptotic growth, mean-level switching, and regulatory oscillations. However, psychological researchers currently lack advanced statistical methods that are flexible enough to capture these non-linear processes accurately, which hinders theory development. While methods such as local polynomial regression, Gaussian processes and generalized additive models (GAMs) exist outside of psychology, they are rarely applied within the field because they have not yet been reviewed accessibly and evaluated within the context of ILD. To address this important gap, this article introduces these three methods for an applied psychological audience. We further conducted a simulation study, which demonstrates that all three methods infer non-linear processes that have been found in ILD more accurately than polynomial regression. Particularly, GAMs closely captured the underlying processes, performing almost as well as the data-generating parametric models. Finally, we illustrate how GAMs can be applied to explore idiographic processes and identify potential phenomena in ILD. This comprehensive analysis empowers psychological researchers to model non-linear processes accurately and select a method that aligns with their data and research goals.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"263-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous detection of gradual and abrupt structural changes in Bayesian longitudinal modelling using entropy and model fit measures 利用熵和模型拟合方法同时检测贝叶斯纵向模型中逐渐和突然的结构变化。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70029

Yanling Li, Xiaoyue Xiong, Zita Oravecz, Sy-Miin Chow

{"title":"Simultaneous detection of gradual and abrupt structural changes in Bayesian longitudinal modelling using entropy and model fit measures","authors":"Yanling Li, Xiaoyue Xiong, Zita Oravecz, Sy-Miin Chow","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.70029","url":null,"abstract":"Although individuals may exhibit both gradual and abrupt changes in their dynamic properties as shaped by both slowly accumulating influences and acute events, existing statistical frameworks offer limited capacity for the simultaneous detection and representation of these distinct change patterns. We propose a Bayesian regime-switching (RS) modelling framework and an entropy measure adapted from the frequentist framework to facilitate simultaneous representation and testing of postulates of gradual and abrupt changes. Results from Monte Carlo simulation studies indicated that using a combination of entropy and information criterion measures such as the Bayesian information criterion was consistently most effective at facilitating the selection of the best-fitting model across varying magnitudes of abrupt changes. We found that slight lower entropy thresholds may be helpful in facilitating the selection of longitudinal models with RS properties as this class of models tended to yield lower entropy values than conventional thresholds for reliable classification in cross-sectional mixture models—even under satisfactory parameter recovery and classification results. We fitted the proposed models and other candidate models to the data collected from an intervention study on the psychological well-being (PWB) of college-attending early adults. Results suggested abrupt, regime-related transitions in the intra-individual variability levels of PWB dynamics among some participants following the intervention period. Practical usage of the entropy measure in conjunction with other model selection measures, and guidelines to enhance simultaneous detection of true abrupt and gradual changes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"294-324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Special Issue on Multiple multivariate multimodal time series data analysis in psychological research 社论：心理学研究中的多变量多模态时间序列数据分析特刊

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2026-03-22 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70046

Casper J. Albers, Michael D. Hunter

引用次数: 0

Detecting Critical Change in Dynamics Through Outlier Detection with Time-Varying Parameters 通过时变参数的离群值检测检测动力学的关键变化。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.70010

Meng Chen, Michael D. Hunter, Sy-Miin Chow

{"title":"Detecting Critical Change in Dynamics Through Outlier Detection with Time-Varying Parameters","authors":"Meng Chen, Michael D. Hunter, Sy-Miin Chow","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive longitudinal data are often found to be non-stationary, namely, showing changes in statistical properties, such as means and variance-covariance structures, over time. One way to accommodate non-stationarity is to specify key parameters that show over-time changes as time-varying parameters (TVPs). However, the nature and dynamics of TVPs may themselves be heterogeneous across time, contexts, developmental stages, individuals and as related to other biopsychosocial-cultural influences. We propose an outlier detection method designed to facilitate the detection of critical shifts in any differentiable linear and non-linear dynamic functions, including dynamic functions for TVPs. This approach can be readily applied to various data scenarios, including single-subject and multisubject, univariate and multivariate processes, as well as with and without latent variables. We demonstrate the utility and performance of this approach with three sets of simulation studies and an empirical illustration using facial electromyography data from a laboratory emotion induction study.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"237-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating dynamics in attentive and inattentive responding together with their contextual correlates using a novel mixture IRT model for intensive longitudinal data 研究动态的注意和不注意的反应，连同他们的上下文相关使用一个新的混合IRT模型密集的纵向数据。

IF 1.8 3区心理学

British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-10 Epub Date: 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12373

Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Irina Uglanova, Manuel T. Rein, Esther Ulitzsch

{"title":"Investigating dynamics in attentive and inattentive responding together with their contextual correlates using a novel mixture IRT model for intensive longitudinal data","authors":"Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Irina Uglanova, Manuel T. Rein, Esther Ulitzsch","doi":"10.1111/bmsp.12373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bmsp.12373","url":null,"abstract":"In ecological momentary assessment (EMA), respondents answer brief questionnaires about their current behaviours or experiences several times per day across multiple days. The frequent measurement enables a thorough grasp of the dynamics inherent in psychological constructs, but it also increases respondent burden. To lower this burden, respondents may engage in careless and insufficient effort responding (C/IER), leaving data contaminated with responses that do not reflect what researchers want to measure. We introduce a novel approach to investigating C/IER in EMA data. Our approach combines a confirmatory mixture item response theory model separating C/IER from attentive behaviour with latent Markov factor analysis. This enables gauging the occurrence of C/IER and studying transitions among states of different response behaviours including their contextual correlates. The approach can be implemented using R packages. An empirical application showcases the approach's efficacy in pinpointing C/IER instances and gaining insights into their underlying causes. We showcase that the approach identifies various C/IER response patterns but requires heterogeneous and negatively worded items to detect straightlining. In a simulation investigating robustness against unaccounted for changes in measurement models underlying attentive responses, the approach proved robust against heterogeneity in loading patterns but not against heterogeneity in factor structures. Extensions to accommodate the latter are discussed.","PeriodicalId":55322,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology","volume":"79 2","pages":"379-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0