Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of 99mTc-Ubiquicidin Scintigraphy in Differentiating Bacterial from Nonbacterial Pneumonia.","authors":"Sepideh Khoshbakht, Saba Zare, Mahdi Khatuni, Mohammadali Ghodsirad, Mohadeseh Bayat, Fateme Sadat Mirabootalebi, Elahe Pirayesh, Mahasti Amoui, Ghazal Norouzi","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Differentiating purely viral from bacterial etiologies continues to be a challenging yet key step in the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), further highlighted since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the utility of 99mTc-ubiquicidin (UBI) in the differentiation of bacterial from nonbacterial pneumonia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 30 patients with CAP were allocated into groups A, bacterial (<i>n</i> = 15), and B, viral pneumonia (<i>n</i> = 15). All patients underwent 99mTc-UBI scan with planar and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images of thorax acquired at 30 and 180 min postinjection. Target-to-background (T/B) ratios were calculated with values >1.4 interpreted as positive for bacterial infection. Correlation was made with computed tomography (CT) scan and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results. <b><i>Results:</i></b> UBI scan was positive in 43.3% (<i>n</i> = 13) of patients, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 86.7%, 100%, and 93.3%, respectively, and close correlation with chest CT scan and PCR results (<i>p</i>-value = 0.000). Planar images were generally not helpful. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated similar diagnostic performance for 30-min and 3-h SPECT images by implementing T/B thresholds of 1.2 and 1.33, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> 99mTc-UBI SPECT is a promising modality for differentiating purely viral from bacterial or superimposed bacterial pneumonia and provides reliable evidence either to mandate or withhold administration of antibiotics in patients with CAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET Radiomics Predicting Therapeutic Efficacy of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma after R-CHOP (-Like) Therapy.","authors":"Fenglian Jing, Xinchao Zhang, Yunuan Liu, Xiaolin Chen, Xinming Zhao, Xiaoshan Chen, Huiqing Yuan, Meng Dai, Na Wang, Jingya Han, Jingmian Zhang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to predict therapeutic efficacy among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after R-CHOP (-like) therapy using baseline ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET) radiomics. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 239 patients with DLBCL were enrolled in this study, with 82 patients having refractory/relapsed disease. The radiomics signatures were developed using a stacking ensemble approach. The efficacy of the radiomics signatures, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI), conventional PET parameters model, and their combinations in assessing refractory/relapse risk were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy and decision curve analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The stacking model, along with the integrated model that combines stacking with the NCCN-IPI and SD_max (the distance between the two lesions farthest apart, normalized to the patient's body surface area), showed remarkable predictive capabilities with a high area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and significant net benefit of the AUC (NB-AUC). Although no significant differences were observed between the combined and stacking models in terms of the AUC in either the training cohort (AUC: 0.992 vs. 0.985, <i>p</i> = 0.139) or the testing cohort (AUC: 0.768 vs. 0.781, <i>p</i> = 0.668), the integrated model exhibited higher values for sensitivity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and NB-AUC than the stacking model. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Baseline PET radiomics could predict therapeutic efficacy in DLBCL after R-CHOP (-like) therapy, with improved predictive performance when incorporating clinical features and SD_max.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Radiosynthesis and First in-Human Dosimetry of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41: A Proof of Concept Study.","authors":"Parul Thakral, Nishant Rana, Navneet Singh, Subha Shankar Das, Mrinalini Koley, Jatin Gupta, Dharmender Malik, Ishita Sen","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0082","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as UBI-29-41 offer a distinctive approach for precise detection due to their unique interactions with bacteria and makes them promising candidates for specific and selective imaging. The study was aimed to corroborate the in-house manual synthesis of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41, evaluate its uptake in patients with suspected infection, and estimate of patient-specific dosimetry to ensure optimal clinical application. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was synthesized by using a variable amount of UBI-29-41 (60-90 μg) to 555 MBq of ⁶⁸Ga in 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) and heating the reaction sample for 12 min at 90°C at pH: 3.5-4 to obtain the radiopeptide with high yield and high radiochemical purity (RCP). ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans at variable timepoints were done to evaluate its biodistribution and maximum uptake time. Furthermore, patient-specific dosimetric estimation was done using the HERMES software. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 5 μg/37 MBq (5 μg/mCi) of NOTA-UBI-29-41 for 12 min at 90°C were the optimal parameters to obtain 88%-90% of yield and 98%-99 % of RCP. ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 showed expeditious blood clearance and high renal excretion. The optimal time for imaging of infection with ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was found to be at 60 min postinjection (<i>n</i> = 8). The critical organ was the urinary bladder, receiving an average dose of 138.02 ± 45.92 µSv/MBq, followed by 53.81 ± 13.72 µSv/MBq for kidneys with a mean effective dose of 1.52 ± 0.64 mSv. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The protocol for in-house manual labeling of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was reproducible, providing high yield and RCP. ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 administration was found to be safe and nontoxic. The favorable biodistribution and the first-in-human patient-specific dosimetry ensure optimal clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-Artificial Intelligence Symbiotic Reporting for Theranostic Cancer Care.","authors":"J Harvey Turner","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0216","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reporting of diagnostic nuclear images in clinical cancer management is generally qualitative. Theranostic treatment with ¹⁷⁷Lu radioligands for prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors is routinely given as the same arbitrary fixed administered activity to every patient. Nuclear oncology, as currently practiced with ¹⁷⁷Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen and ¹⁷⁷Lu peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, cannot, therefore, be characterized as personalized precision medicine. The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) could change this \"one-size-fits-all\" approach to theranostics, through development of a symbiotic relationship with physicians. Combining quantitative data collection, collation, and analytic computing power of AI algorithms with the clinical expertise, empathy, and personal care of patients by their physician envisions a new paradigm in theranostic reporting for molecular imaging and radioligand treatment of cancer. Human-AI interaction will facilitate the compilation of a comprehensive, integrated nuclear medicine report. This holistic report would incorporate radiomics to quantitatively analyze diagnostic digital imaging and prospectively calculate the radiation absorbed dose to tumor and critical normal organs. The therapy activity could then be accurately prescribed to deliver a preordained, effective, tumoricidal radiation absorbed dose to tumor, while minimizing toxicity in the particular patient. Post-therapy quantitative imaging would then validate the actual dose delivered and sequential pre- and post-treatment dosimetry each cycle would allow individual dose prescription and monitoring over the entire course of theranostic treatment. Furthermore, the nuclear medicine report would use AI analysis to predict likely clinical outcome, predicated upon AI definition of tumor molecular biology, pathology, and genomics, correlated with clinical history and laboratory data. Such synergistic comprehensive reporting will enable self-assurance of the nuclear physician who will necessarily be deemed personally responsible and accountable for the theranostic clinical outcome. Paradoxically, AI may thus be expected to enhance the practice of phronesis by the nuclear physician and foster a truly empathic trusting relationship with the cancer patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI04 Outperforms [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT for Detecting Nodal Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Serkan Kuyumcu, Emine Göknur Isik, Cömert Şen, Duygu Has-Şimsek, Bora Başaran, Zeynep Gözde Özkan, Fikret Büyükkaya, Yasemin Şanlı","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0112","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assesses fibroblast activated protein inhibitor (FAPI) targeted PET/CT imaging against [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT (FDG PET) for detecting nodal involvement in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), intending to improve diagnostic precision for metastatic lymph nodes and lay the groundwork for future investigations. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients diagnosed with HNSCC were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI04 PET/CT (FAPI PET) and FDG PET within 6 d. Primary tumor, lymph nodes, and tracer uptake were visually and quantitatively compared. The metastatic lymph nodes were evaluated using patient-and lesion-based analyses, with biopsy or postoperative histopathological examination as the reference. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The cohort includes 24 patients (17 men, 7 women; mean age 60 ± 11.8 years) who underwent FDG and FAPI PET for preoperative diagnostic workup or restaging due to known recurrence of HNSCC. Lesions included 24 primary tumors, 54 cervical lymph nodes, and 5 metastases. Primary tumors exhibited significant uptake on both PET modalities (median maximum standardized uptake value [SUV_max]: FDG 19.4 ± 11.6, FAPI 16.9 ± 4.6), with no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.5). For lymph nodes, FAPI and FDG PET showed median SUV_max of 9.18 ± 6.77 and 9.67 ± 6.5, respectively. The patient-based analysis found FDG PET sensitivity at 88.2% and FAPI PET at 94.1%, with FAPI PET specificity significantly higher (85.7% vs. 42.8% for FDG PET). Lesion-based analysis revealed FAPI PET sensitivity and specificity at 84.2% and 93.7%, respectively, contrasting FDG PET's at 81.5% and 25%, respectively. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study underscores the efficacy of FAPI PET in detecting primary tumors in HNSCC. Furthermore, FAPI PET shows improved specificity over FDG PET for metastatic lymph nodes advocating further investigations for integrating FAPI PET into HNSCC clinical protocols for its enhanced precision in detecting metastatic lymph nodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment of Reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.48720.revack","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.48720.revack","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"40 2","pages":"151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Same-Day Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography with ⁶⁸Ga-Radiolabeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitors and ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Imaging for Gastrointestinal Cancers.","authors":"Xiaoshan Chen, Yunuan Liu, Xinming Zhao, Fenglian Jing, Bin Wang, Xiaolin Chen, Xiao Pang, Jingmian Zhang, Jianfang Wang, Zhaoqi Zhang, Jingya Han, Mengjiao Wang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0182","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> We investigated the clinical practicability of same-day ⁶⁸Ga-radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (⁶⁸Ga-FAPI)-first and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) imaging and compared it with same-day ¹⁸F-FDG-first or 2-day procedures in diagnosing gastrointestinal cancers. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Sixty-five patients with confirmed gastrointestinal cancers were divided into same-day ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-first group (Group A), same-day ¹⁸F-FDG-first group (Group B), and 2-day group (Group C). Low-dose CT and low injection activity were performed on ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Interval times, radiation dose, diagnostic performance, and detectability were assessed among groups. Additionally, the uptake, tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR), diagnostic efficacy, and TNM stage were compared between the two modalities. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The total waiting time for Group C was significantly longer than that for Group A or B (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). The total dose-length product and effective dose decreased in all groups. There were comparable detectability and diagnostic performance among groups (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). The within-group analysis in Group B indicated that ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT had higher uptake in the primary and recurrent lesions than ¹⁸F-FDG without differences in TLR, due to higher liver background on ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET than Group A or C (both <i>p</i> < 0.001).⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT possessed higher accuracy than ¹⁸F-FDG and changed staging in 14 patients (14/65, 21.54%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The same-day ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-first and ¹⁸F-FDG imaging reduced examination waiting time without increased radiation dose, simultaneously achieving excellent diagnostic performance and improving clinical staging in diagnosing gastrointestinal cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Cytotoxic Effect of ²¹²Pb in Radiopharmaceuticals.","authors":"Aaron T Schatzmann, Tania A Stallons, Rachel Rivera, Quy P Nguyen, Rémy Dureau, Julien J Torgue","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The cytotoxic effect of ²¹²Pb on microbial growth was examined, using six microorganisms, at clinically relevant time points, to determine the potency of ²¹²Pb as a self-sterilizing agent in radiopharmaceuticals using [²¹²Pb]Pb-DOTAMTATE. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Vials of radiolabeled [²¹²Pb]Pb-DOTAMTATE, nonradiolabeled DOTAMTATE, and appropriate media were inoculated with <i>Bacillus spizizenii</i>, <i>Candida albicans, Clostridium sporogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,</i> or <i>Aspergillus brasiliensis</i>. Samples from each vial type were plated onto tryptic soy agar or Sabouraud dextrose plates and allowed to grow at optimal temperature for each strain to obtain quantifiable colony forming units (CFU). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Each microbial organism observed at least a 6 log reduction in total CFUs after 6 h of exposure to [²¹²Pb]Pb-DOTAMTATE drug product vials, showing no remaining colonies as compared to the vials containing only media and drug formulation with no radiolabeled material, utilizing a low absorbed dose of no greater than 1.01 kGy. A sterility assessment of the two [²¹²Pb]Pb-DOTAMTATE drug product vials containing the lowest total CFUs per vial displayed no microbial growth upon incubation for 14 d. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study suggests that ²¹²Pb in radiopharmaceuticals is a potent microbial cytotoxic agent with self-sterilizing properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous Distribution and Absorbed Dose of Radiolabeled Nanoparticles and Colloids in Sentinel Lymph Nodes.","authors":"Renata Madru, Erik Larsson, Anders Örbom, Christian Ingvar, Dorthe Grabau, Linda Knutsson, Sven-Erik Strand","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> For breast cancer staging, radiolabeled colloids and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used for sentinel lymph node (SLN) imaging. This study characterized the intranodal activity distribution and absorbed dose distribution. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> Six patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer were intradermally injected with ^99mTc-Nanocoll. The SLNs were resected, weighed, and measured for activity. Three groups of six rats were subcutaneously injected into the hind paw with either ^99mTc-Nanocoll, ^99mTc-SPIONs, or ⁶⁸Ga-SPIONs. Macro- and small-scale dosimetry calculations were performed using autoradiography images of cryosections of SLNs from patients and animals. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean absorbed dose in patient SLNs was 0.5 ± 0.3 mGy/MBq for ^99mTc-Nanocoll and 3.4 ± 1.8 mGy/MBq, assuming a ^99mTc-Nanocoll-based distribution of ⁶⁸Ga-SPIONs. Due to different decay characteristics, the heterogeneity in the absorbed dose differed between ^99mTc-SPIONs and ⁶⁸Ga-SPIONs with a maximum to mean absorbed dose ratio of 2.7 ± 0.3 and 1.6 ± 0.2, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study shows that ^99mTc- and ⁶⁸Ga-SPIONs and ^99mTc-nanocolloids have similar activity distribution in human and animal lymph nodes. Small-scale dosimetry models combined with clinical patient biokinetics may serve as a bridge between organ and tissue dosimetry and the interpretation of intrinsic geometric variation and its uncertainties in absorbed dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nab-Paclitaxel Promotes Radiosensitization by Inducing DNA Damage and Inhibiting Macrophage M2 Polarization in Cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Ningyu Wang, Xiangping Mei, Yang Cao, Lingfang Wang, Haoting Xie, Jingru Jia, Yong Xiao, Jun Han, Ai Huang, Hong Ma","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Nab-paclitaxel effectively inhibits tumor proliferation and modulates macrophage polarization to improve the tumor microenvironment. However, its potential to achieve radiosensitization in cholangiocarcinoma remains to be elucidated. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The proliferation inhibition and radiosensitizing effects of nab-paclitaxel were assessed using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays in NOZ and TFK1 cell lines. Cell apoptosis, cell cycle progression, DNA damage, and macrophage polarization status were analyzed via flow cytometry immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and qRT-PCR. A tumor-bearing mouse model was established to validate radiosensitization <i>in vivo</i>. Potentially related genes and proteins involved in nab-paclitaxel-induced radiosensitization were identified through RNA transcriptome sequencing and Western blotting. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nab-paclitaxel exhibited significant radiosensitizing effects on cholangiocarcinoma cells. Combined with radiotherapy, nab-paclitaxel increased DNA damage, promoted apoptosis, and effectively inhibited M2 polarization of macrophages <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>. The radiosensitizing effect is involved in the activation of the AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Nab-paclitaxel significantly upregulated phosphorylated AMPKα, apoptotic proteins as zinc finger matrin-type 3, and nuclear factor kappa-B levels following radiation exposure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our study confirmed the radiosensitizing effect of nab-paclitaxel on cholangiocarcinoma cells through a dual effect of antitumor proliferation and inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization, and the underlying mechanism involved activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}