Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals最新文献

{"title":"T Cell Exhaustion-Related Gene Signatures Predict Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy Response in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Chengyu Zou, Jiawen Huang, Zhangjie Jiang, Zehui Rao, Yida Zhang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0060","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Understanding T cell exhaustion (TEX)-related molecular characteristics can provide novel insights into treatment response prediction. This study developed a TEX-based prognostic model to predict survival outcomes and therapy responses in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The authors analyzed 518 KIRC patients from The cancer genome atlas (TCGA), identifying TEX-related genes via gene set variation analysis and weighted correlation network analysis. Survival random forest and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-Cox analyses selected eight key genes to construct a TEX risk model. Functional analyses explored TEX-related pathways and immune infiltration. The IMvigor210 dataset assessed immunotherapy response, whereas the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database predicted chemotherapy sensitivity. Single-cell RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction validated a key TEX gene. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The TEX risk model demonstrated strong prognostic performance, effectively stratifying KIRC patients into high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) groups with significant differences in overall survival. Gene set enrichment analysis results revealed that TEX-related pathways were enriched in tumor proliferation, migration, and immune regulation. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated that the TEX HR group exhibited distinct immune microenvironment characteristics, including increased expression of specific immune checkpoints. The model effectively predicted clinical responses to immunotherapy, with patients in the TEX HR group showing poorer immunotherapy efficacy. In addition, drug sensitivity analysis based on the GDSC database suggested that TEX features could influence chemotherapy response, highlighting potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Experimental validation confirmed the expression pattern of a key TEX gene in KIRC samples. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Their TEX risk model could effectively predict patient outcomes and responses to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, supporting its potential clinical utility in personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"501-514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PGC-1α Promotes NSCLC Progression via FOXM1 Interaction and MUC1 Upregulation.","authors":"Tianyi Zhang, Zhuoshi Li, Shiqing Wang, Shilei Zhao, Chao Gao, Yangfan Qi, Chundong Gu","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which constitutes 85%-90% of lung cancer (LC) cases, is among the most frequently diagnosed malignancies. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PPARGC1A, also known as PGC-1α) has emerged as a major modulator of mitochondrial formation and energy expenditure, and serves critical functions in a range of malignancies. Nevertheless, its clinicopathological significance and biological function in the development of NSCLC remain obscure. This investigation revealed that PGC-1α expression exhibited elevated levels in LC. Moreover, enhanced PGC-1α expression augmented the oncogenic potential of NSCLC cells, whereas the downregulation of PGC-1α inhibited the proliferative and migrative capability and suppressed tumor growth <i>in vivo</i>. Mechanistically, PGC-1α interacted with forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1), a commonly known transcription factor, and enhanced its transcriptional activation of downstream target mucin-1 (MUC1). The ectopic expression of MUC1 could reverse the inhibitory impact of PGC-1α depletion on the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Overall, the data suggested that targeting PGC-1α suppresses NSCLC progression through the FOXM1/MUC1 pathway and potentially offers a novel therapeutic approach for NSCLC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"567-579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicines Reversing Multidrug Resistance and Mechanisms in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Yuying Li, Fei Wang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0078","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2025.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer continues to be a primary contributor to cancer-related deaths globally, and multidrug resistance (MDR) poses a significant obstacle in its management. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), recognized for their comprehensive therapeutic strategies and low incidence of adverse effects, have garnered attention due to their capacity to mitigate MDR in cancer cells. Nevertheless, deciphering the precise mechanisms through which TCMs reverse MDR in lung cancer presents a substantial scientific challenge. The objective of this review is to examine prevalent manifestations of MDR in lung cancer and underscore recent advancements in understanding how TCMs might surmount this form of resistance. The review begins by investigating the unique characteristics of TCMs and their pivotal function in reversing MDR in lung cancer. Subsequently, it explores various forms of MDR in lung cancer, such as aberrant expression of cell membrane transport proteins, dysregulation of intracellular enzyme systems, disrupted apoptosis, and heightened cellular repair mechanisms, emphasizing their detrimental impact on lung cancer treatment outcomes. Central to this review is a thorough analysis of the intricate mechanisms by which TCMs counteract MDR, along with an assessment of their efficacy in lung cancer therapy. Based on this analysis, the review offers insights into potential future research directions for utilizing TCMs to overcome MDR. This review seeks to provide a thorough examination of the role of TCMs in reversing MDR in lung cancer and to stimulate additional research into their clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"593-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELAVL1-Regulated Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 as a Predictive Biomarker for Ultrasound Therapy Response in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Bone Infiltration.","authors":"Jing Feng, Feng Jiang, Jin Fang","doi":"10.1177/10849785251382695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251382695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the neck and head region. A major contributor to poor prognosis in OSCC is bone infiltration. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), known to promote tumor progression and bone metastasis in several cancers, has recently emerged as a potential molecular mediator of OSCC invasiveness. However, its role in predicting therapeutic response-particularly in emerging modalities like ultrasound-based therapies-remains unexplored. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The authors assessed BMP2 expression in OSCC tissues and cell lines using RT-qPCR. Functional assays were conducted to evaluate malignant cellular behaviors, including proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption were quantified via TRAP staining and resorption pit assays. RNA-binding interactions were identified using RNA immunoprecipitation and biotin pull-down assays. <b><i>Results:</i></b> BMP2 was significantly overexpressed in OSCC and strongly correlated with bone infiltration. Its upregulation enhanced OSCC cell proliferation, EMT, and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. <i>In vivo</i>, BMP2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and bone invasion. Mechanistically, the authors identified ELAVL1 as a key RNA-binding protein that stabilized BMP2 transcripts, thereby promoting its expression. Moreover, BMP2 overexpression rescued the tumor-suppressive effects of ELAVL1 silencing, highlighting a critical regulatory axis. Given the role of BMP2 in modulating the tumor microenvironment and its association with bone-invasive phenotypes, it holds potential as a predictive biomarker for response to ultrasound-enhanced therapeutic strategies. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> ELAVL1-regulated BMP2 promotes OSCC progression and bone infiltration and may serve as a valuable predictive biomarker for therapeutic response in ultrasound-guided biotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of CD44 in Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Isoform Interactions, and Targeted Treatments to Address Tumorigenesis and Chemoresistance.","authors":"Megha Jha, Sankha Bhattacharya, Girdhari Lal Gupta, Bhupendra Prajapati, Devesh U Kapoor","doi":"10.1177/10849785251381993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251381993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), a versatile transmembrane glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in the progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC). This review clarifies CD44's essential function in CRC via connections with the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly hyaluronic acid (HA), and important signaling pathways, such as Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt). The overexpression of CD44, especially its variant isoforms (CD44v), is associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, increased cancer stem cell (CSC) traits, and unfavorable outcomes in CRC patients. CD44 enhances tumor cell attachment, movement, infiltration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, facilitating metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Its interactions with ECM elements and receptors, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor, enhance tumor growth and survival signaling. Therapeutic approaches aimed at CD44, such as monoclonal antibodies, small interfering RNAs, and nanoparticles targeting CD44 (e.g., CSA-SS-CXB@CPT, A@HAP), show encouraging antitumor effectiveness by interrupting CD44-HA interactions and the subsequent signaling pathways. Preclinical studies emphasize the benefits of pairing anti-CD44 therapies with PI3K/Akt or Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors to improve results. This review combines CD44's molecular mechanisms, isoform-specific functions, and CSC regulation in CRC, highlighting the potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target to enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Anesthetic Technique on the Postoperative Biological Stress Response in Thyroid Cancer Patients Receiving Psychological Intervention During Ultrasound-Guided Thyroidectomy.","authors":"Yunyao Deng, Mei Peng, Kun Zhou","doi":"10.1177/10849785251380029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251380029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To examine the influence of various anesthetic techniques on the postoperative biological stress response in thyroid cancer (TC) patients receiving psychological nursing intervention during ultrasound-guided radical thyroidectomy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> TC patients undergoing ultrasound-guided radical thyroidectomy at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 2020 and June 2022 were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups based on anesthetic protocol. Both groups received general anesthesia and standardized psychological nursing intervention. Intervention group received remifentanil-propofol anesthesia, whereas reference group received sevoflurane-propofol anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters, serum stress biomarkers (cortisol [Cor], norepinephrine [NE], glucose [Glu]), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-10), pain intensity (visual analog scale [VAS] scores), recovery metrics, adverse events, and psychological outcomes were evaluated and compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The intervention group showed significantly shorter response recovery time, eye-opening time, spontaneous respiration recovery time, and extubation time than reference group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Postoperative VAS scores decreased in both groups from 0.5 to 12 h, with the intervention group reporting consistently lower scores at all time points (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) and serum stress biomarkers (Cor, NE, Glu) were significantly lower in intervention group during key intraoperative periods (T1, T2, T3) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Inflammatory cytokine levels rose intraoperatively in both groups, but were markedly lower in intervention group at T3, T4, and T5 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The adverse reactions' incidence was also lower in intervention group (χ² = 4.523, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Both groups showed improved psychological status, comfort, and illness perception postintervention, with nursing satisfaction exceeding 90%. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Remifentanil-propofol anesthesia, when combined with psychological intervention, provides superior control over the biological stress response, enhances analgesia, and promotes faster recovery compared with sevoflurane-propofol anesthesia in TC patients undergoing ultrasound-guided thyroidectomy. This approach is clinically beneficial and warrants broader application.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Mediated Microbubble Disruption to Enhance Radiopharmaceutical Access to the Tumor Microenvironment in Immune-Resistant Lung Carcinoma.","authors":"Xue Yu, Shuai Zheng, Long Zhao, Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10849785251371491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251371491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Immune-resistant lung carcinoma poses a major hurdle for effective cancer treatment, largely due to its dense tumor microenvironment (TME) and the challenges of drug penetration. To boost the effectiveness of radiopharmaceuticals in this intricate TME, focused ultrasound-mediated microbubble cavitation (FUS-MMC) needs to enhance their accessibility. Current delivery methods often fall short, suffering from limited vascular permeability and insufficient tumor uptake. This results in less effective treatments and increased off-target toxicity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To address this issue, this article proposes a targeted delivery framework that utilizes FUS-MMC. This innovative technique involves administering microbubbles systemically and directing ultrasound precisely to disrupt the tumor's blood vessels and extracellular matrix temporarily. By using the FUS-MMC approach, the permeability of the TME is improved, allowing radiopharmaceuticals like 177Lu-DOTATATE to penetrate deeper into the tumor tissues. This enhanced access leads to a more even distribution and greater accumulation of therapeutic agents right at the tumor site. <b><i>Results and Conclusion:</i></b> FUS-MMC significantly boosts the efficiency of radiopharmaceutical delivery, reduces systemic exposure, and improves tumor response rates in models of immune-resistant lung carcinoma. This noninvasive and repeatable strategy represents a promising step forward in precision oncology and targeted cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-Guided Percutaneous Radioactive ¹²⁵I Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"Peng Du, Liangliang Meng, Zenan Chen, Xiao Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10849785251380365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251380365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> To explore the efficacy and safety of ¹²⁵I source implantation via a coaxial puncture in treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis was used to investigate the efficacy and safety of 40 patients with LAPC treated with radioactive ¹²⁵I particles under CT guidance in the hospital. A treatment planning system was used to develop the preoperative plan, and the radioactive ¹²⁵I particles were implanted using a coaxial puncture technique in the same plane to simulate a sector distribution system. CT scans were performed at postoperative months 2, 4, and 6 for follow-up treatment outcome assessment. Overall survival (OS) time and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated, and factors affecting prognosis were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All patients completed the operation successfully. The overall response rate of treatment at 2, 4, and 6 months was 37.5%, 47.5%, and 50.0%. The median OS and PFS were 11.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.14-12.86) and 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.45-10.55), respectively. The 6- and 12-month PFS rates were 85.0% (95% CI: 69.6%-93.0%) and 35.0% (95% CI: 20.8%-49.5%), respectively. The 12-month OS rates were 47.5% (95% CI: 20.2%-49.8%). The intraoperative complications related to the operation were local abdominal hemorrhage in 2 cases, subcutaneous soft tissue hematoma in 2 cases, and wrong puncture of the pancreatic duct in 1 case. The main side-effects were fever in 10 cases and decreased appetite in 3 cases in the recent postoperative period. Eighteen grade 0 cases and 3 cases of grade I acute radiation enteritis occurred. No acute radiation damage above grade II and late radiation damage was observed. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Coaxial puncture ¹²⁵I source implantation is a promising percutaneous minimally invasive technology that is safe and effective in treating LAPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Integration of Endoscopic Ultrasound Features and Serum Data Reveals <i>LTB4</i> as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target in ESCC.","authors":"Shuran Huo, Wuwen Zhang, Yingnan Wang, Jing Qi, Yang Wang, Chunying Bai","doi":"10.1177/10849785251380368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251380368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Early diagnosis and accurate prediction of treatment response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain major clinical challenges due to the lack of reliable and noninvasive biomarkers. Recently, artificial intelligence-driven endoscopic ultrasound image analysis has shown great promise in revealing genomic features associated with imaging phenotypes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A prospective study of 115 patients with ESCC was conducted. Deep features were extracted from endoscopic ultrasound using a ResNet50 convolutional neural network. Important features shared across three machine learning models (NN, GLM, DT) were used to construct an image-derived signature. Plasma levels of leukotriene B4 (<i>LTB4</i>) and other inflammatory markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations between signature and inflammation markers were analyzed, followed by logistic regression and subgroup analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The endoscopic ultrasound image-derived signature, generated using deep learning algorithms, effectively distinguished esophageal cancer from normal esophageal tissue. Among all inflammatory markers, <i>LTB4</i> exhibited the strongest negative correlation with the image signature and showed significantly higher expression in the healthy control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified <i>LTB4</i> as an independent risk factor for ESCC (odds ratio = 1.74, <i>p</i> = 0.037). Furthermore, <i>LTB4</i> expression was significantly associated with patient sex, age, and chemotherapy response. Notably, higher <i>LTB4</i> levels were linked to an increased likelihood of achieving a favorable therapeutic response. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study demonstrates that deep learning-derived endoscopic ultrasound image features can effectively distinguish ESCC from normal esophageal tissue. By integrating image features with serological data, the authors identified <i>LTB4</i> as a key inflammation-related biomarker with significant diagnostic and therapeutic predictive value.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Update on Alkylating Agents in Breast Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Rahaman Shaik, Nissy Evengelin Gera, Fatima Sarwar Syeda, Sana Syeda, Kiranmai Mandava, Sanjana Chirumamilla, Jyoshna Bontha","doi":"10.1177/10849785251376173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251376173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alkylating agents, characterized by their ability to bind to and modify DNA, have shown promising impacts on breast cancer patients in clinical trials across various stages and phases. This research, utilizing data from the National Library of Medicine's clinicaltrials.gov, investigates the efficacy of these drugs in breast cancer treatment. The study focuses on cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent that prevents cancer cell DNA replication, and its synergistic effects when combined with other medications such as docetaxel, a taxane that suppresses cell division. Results indicate that these combination therapies may enhance treatment efficacy and improve outcomes. The research highlights the widespread use of alkylating agents in clinical studies for breast cancer, a disease affecting over a million people annually in India alone. Commonly used alkylating drugs for breast cancer treatment include carmustine, chlorambucil, and cyclophosphamide. These agents have shown effectiveness in treating metastatic breast cancer and reducing the risk of recurrence, underscoring their significant role in breast cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}