Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals最新文献

{"title":"Intratumoral Distribution of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 Over Time and in Relation to Diagnostic Tracers in Animal Models of Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Anders Örbom, Joanna Strand, Mohamed Altai, Wahed Zedan, Amanda Kristiansson, Jens Ceder, Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a target for diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET)-tracers and radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT), for example, [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617, in prostate cancer. This autoradiography study investigates [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 intratumoral distribution over time, compared with PSMA expression, proliferation (Ki67), and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11, [¹⁸F]F-PSMA-1007, [¹⁸F]-fluorodeoxyglucose, and [¹⁸F]-fluorocholine distribution. Mice with LNCaP, 22Rv1, or PC-3 PIP xenografts got [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 i.v. Sacrificed 1 h p.i. if coinjected with diagnostic tracers, otherwise at 20 min, 1-2, 12, 24, 48, 72 h, or 2-3 weeks p.i. Cryosectioned tumors imaged by autoradiography, adjacent sections Ki67 or PSMA stained. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Heterogeneous distribution of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 was seen 20 min p.i., with visible overlap between tumor cells, Ki67, PSMA, and radioactivity at 1-2 h p.i. Strongest Ki67-correlation at 48 h, which became negative at 72 h and beyond with some Ki67+/PSMA+ low radioactivity areas. Uptake in necrotic tissue was only observed at 2-3 weeks p.i. PSMA-targeted tracers distributed identically to [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 whereas other tracers only had some overlap. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Regrowth of the tumor post-[¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 administration creates Ki67+/PSMA+ areas that have no radioactivity uptake and need additional therapy fractions. The identical intratumoral distribution of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and PSMA-targeted PET-tracers indicate that these will reveal the areas inside the tumor targeted by RPT at least at 1 h p.i.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raddeanin A Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Growth and Ameliorates Oxaliplatin Resistance Through the WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Junguo Chen, Yanhong Zhang, Xijie Chen, Dandong Luo, Danlin Liu, Zhaoliang Yu, Yanyun Lin, Xiaosheng He, Juanni Huang, Lei Lian","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Chemotherapy based on oxaliplatin (OXA) is the first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), and acquired resistance to OXA is the main reason for clinical treatment failure in CRC. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To search for compounds that can reverse OXA resistance, we screened a small molecule inhibitor drug library and identified a drug, Raddeanin A (RA), that enhanced the anticancer effect of OXA. Using human CRC cell lines, CRC organoid models, and <i>in vivo</i> subcutaneous tumorigenic studies, we determined that RA inhibits the proliferation of CRC cells by promoting apoptosis and inducing cell cycle arrest. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We constructed OXA-resistant CRC cell lines and demonstrated that RA enhances the sensitivity of these cells to OXA. Further experiments showed that the mechanism by which RA enhanced the anticancer effects of OXA in CRC was by inhibiting the activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Because RA has been shown to be biocompatible in animal models, there is a possibility that RA could be developed as a sensitizer for resistant cancer cells or as a novel lead compound to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of OXA in resistant CRCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy Analysis of Bronchial Arterial Chemoembolization for Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jiayao Wang, Yahan Xu, Tao Wang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0141","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of bronchial arterial chemoembolization (BACE) in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through a meta-analysis of single-group rate, providing evidence-based guidance for clinical treatment. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies up to January 15, 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed single-arm or multi-arm studies of nonrandomized controlled trials, observational studies, and single-arm studies in English language, focusing on NSCLC patients treated with BACE. Data extraction, quality assessment, and statistical analysis were performed following predefined protocols. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 172 articles were initially retrieved, with 11 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The included studies comprised 510 patients. Meta-analysis revealed significant heterogeneity among studies for median progression-free survival (PFS), median overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and disease control rate. The combined median PFS was 6.87 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.30-8.44), and the combined median OS was 13.68 months (95% CI 10.69-16.67). Subgroup analysis based on intervention measures demonstrated varying efficacy outcomes. Adverse reactions associated with BACE were generally mild, with no reports of grade 3 or higher adverse events. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> BACE emerges as a promising treatment modality for advanced NSCLC, exhibiting favorable efficacy and safety profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Radiosynthesis and First in-Human Dosimetry of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41: A Proof of Concept Study.","authors":"Parul Thakral, Nishant Rana, Navneet Singh, Subha Shankar Das, Mrinalini Koley, Jatin Gupta, Dharmender Malik, Ishita Sen","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as UBI-29-41 offer a distinctive approach for precise detection due to their unique interactions with bacteria and makes them promising candidates for specific and selective imaging. The study was aimed to corroborate the in-house manual synthesis of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41, evaluate its uptake in patients with suspected infection, and estimate of patient-specific dosimetry to ensure optimal clinical application. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was synthesized by using a variable amount of UBI-29-41 (60-90 μg) to 555 MBq of Ga-68 in 0.05 M Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and heating the reaction sample for 12 min at 90°C at pH: 3.5-4 to obtain the radiopeptide with high yield and high radiochemical purity (RCP). ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 positron emission tomography/Computed tomography (CT) scans at variable timepoints were done to evaluate its biodistribution and maximum uptake time. Furthermore, patient-specific dosimetric estimation was done using the HERMES software. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 5 μg/37 MBq (5 μg/mCi) of NOTA-UBI-29-41 for 12 min at 90°C were the optimal parameters to obtain 88%-90% of yield and 98%-99 % of RCP. ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 showed expeditious blood clearance and high renal excretion. The optimal time for imaging of infection with ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was found to be at 60 min postinjection (<i>n</i> = 8). The critical organ was the urinary bladder, receiving an average dose of 138.02 ± 45.92 µSv/MBq, followed by 53.81 ± 13.72 µSv/MBq for kidneys with a mean effective dose of 1.52 ± 0.64 mSv. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The protocol for in-house manual labeling of ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 was reproducible, providing high yield and RCP. ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-UBI-29-41 administration was found to be safe and nontoxic. The favorable biodistribution and the first-in-human patient-specific dosimetry ensure optimal clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-Artificial Intelligence Symbiotic Reporting for Theranostic Cancer Care.","authors":"J Harvey Turner","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cbr.2024.0216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reporting of diagnostic nuclear images in clinical cancer management is generally qualitative. Theranostic treatment with ¹⁷⁷Lu radioligands for prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors is routinely given as the same arbitrary fixed administered activity to every patient. Nuclear oncology, as currently practiced with ¹⁷⁷Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen and ¹⁷⁷Lu peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, cannot, therefore, be characterized as personalized precision medicine. The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) could change this \"one-size-fits-all\" approach to theranostics, through development of a symbiotic relationship with physicians. Combining quantitative data collection, collation, and analytic computing power of AI algorithms with the clinical expertise, empathy, and personal care of patients by their physician envisions a new paradigm in theranostic reporting for molecular imaging and radioligand treatment of cancer. Human-AI interaction will facilitate the compilation of a comprehensive, integrated nuclear medicine report. This holistic report would incorporate radiomics to quantitatively analyze diagnostic digital imaging and prospectively calculate the radiation absorbed dose to tumor and critical normal organs. The therapy activity could then be accurately prescribed to deliver a preordained, effective, tumoricidal radiation absorbed dose to tumor, while minimizing toxicity in the particular patient. Post-therapy quantitative imaging would then validate the actual dose delivered and sequential pre- and post-treatment dosimetry each cycle would allow individual dose prescription and monitoring over the entire course of theranostic treatment. Furthermore, the nuclear medicine report would use AI analysis to predict likely clinical outcome, predicated upon AI definition of tumor molecular biology, pathology, and genomics, correlated with clinical history and laboratory data. Such synergistic comprehensive reporting will enable self-assurance of the nuclear physician who will necessarily be deemed personally responsible and accountable for the theranostic clinical outcome. Paradoxically, AI may thus be expected to enhance the practice of phronesis by the nuclear physician and foster a truly empathic trusting relationship with the cancer patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Semi-Quantitative Parameters of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in Primary Malignant and Benign Diseases: A Comparison with ¹⁸F-FDG.","authors":"Tianyue Li, Yunuan Liu, Meng Dai, Xiujuan Zhao, Jingya Han, Zhaoqi Zhang, Fenglian Jing, Weiwei Tian, Jingmian Zhang, Xinming Zhao, Jianfang Wang, Tiancheng Hao, Tingting Wang","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0026","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We compared the value of the semiquantitative parameters of ⁶⁸Ga-labeled FAP inhibitor (⁶⁸Ga-FAPI)-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) in diagnosing primary malignant and benign diseases. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> ¹⁸F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT images of 80 patients were compared. Semiquantitative parameters, including maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max), mean SUV (SUV_mean), peak SUV (SUV_peak), peak SUV by lean body mass (SUL_peak), metabolic tumor volume (or tumor volume of FAPI; FAPI-TV), and TLG (or total lesion activity of FAPI; FAPI-TLA), were automatically obtained using the IntelliSpace Portal image processing workstation with a threshold of 40% SUV_max. The liver blood pool was measured as the background, and the tumor-to-background ratio (TBRliver) was calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In all malignant lesions, FAPI-TV and FAPI-TLA were higher in ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT than in ¹⁸F-FDG. In the subgroup analysis, ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 had higher FAPI-TV and FAPI-TLA and lower SUV_max than ¹⁸F-FDG had in group A, including gynecological tumor, esophageal, and colorectal cancers. However, six semiquantitative parameters were higher in group B (the other malignant tumors). For the benign diseases, SUV_max, SUV_mean, SUV_peak, and SUL_peak were lower in ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT than in ¹⁸F-FDG. ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed a lower liver background and a higher TBRliver than ¹⁸F-FDG did. ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT had higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity than ¹⁸F-FDG had. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> More accurate semiquantitative parameters and lower abdominal background in ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT make it more competitive in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign diseases than in ¹⁸F-FDG.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"654-663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141163030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Cancer Theranostics Through Integrin αVβ3-Targeted Peptidomimetic IAC: From Bench to Bedside.","authors":"Somit Pandey, Gurvinder Kaur, Nivedita Rana, Sejal Chopra, Imran Rather, Rajender Kumar, Ishita Laroiya, Vijayta D Chadha, Stanley Satz, Micheal G Stabin, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Jaya Shukla","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2023.0140","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2023.0140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The expression of alpha-five beta-three (αVβ3) integrins is upregulated in various malignancies undergoing angiogenesis. The development of integrin antagonists as diagnostic probes makes the αVβ3 integrin a suitable candidate for targeting tumor angiogenesis. The goal of this study was to optimize the radiolabeling and evaluate the potential of conjugated integrin antagonist carbamate (IAC), a peptidomimetic, as a theranostic radiopharmaceutical for targeting tumor angiogenesis. <b><i>Methodology:</i></b> Radiolabeling of DOTAGA [2,2',2\"-{10-(2,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl} triacetic-acid]-IAC with [⁶⁸Ga]Ga, [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu, and [²²⁵Ac]Ac was optimized. The binding affinity (K_d) of DOTAGA-IAC for the αVβ3 receptor and cancer cell lines was quantified. The biodistribution studies were conducted in healthy Wistar rats. Dosimetry analysis was performed on [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTAGA-IAC distribution data. A pilot study of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTAGA-IAC and [¹⁸F]FDG Positron Emission Tomography (PET/CT) imaging was performed in five patients with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer. PET/CT findings were compared between [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTAGA-IAC and [¹⁸F]FDG in these patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Radiopharmaceuticals were prepared with high radiochemical purity (>99.9%). K_d and B_max measurements were 15.02 nM and 417 fmol for αVβ3 receptor protein: 115.7 nM and 295.3 fmol for C6 glioma cells. Biodistribution studies in rats suggested the excretion via kidneys and partially through the hepatobiliary route. The effective dose of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTAGA-IAC was found to be 0.17 mSv/MBq. The dynamic study in patients revealed the optimal imaging time to be 30-35 mins postadministration. Out of the cohort, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTAGA-IAC detected the primary lesions in all five patients with a mean standard uptake value (SUV_max) of 3.94 ± 0.58 compared with [¹⁸F]FDG (SUV_max 13.8 ± 6.53). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The study demonstrates that DOTAGA-IAC exhibits strong binding to αVβ3 integrin, positioning it as a promising PET agent for assessing primary and metastatic cancers. The outcomes from the pilot study suggest the potential of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTAGA-IAC PET/CT in breast carcinoma diagnosis. While recognizing the theranostic potential of DOTAGA-IAC for αVβ3 integrin-expressing tumors, further clinical investigations are warranted to comprehensively assess therapeutic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"632-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theranostics: Timing is Everything.","authors":"J Harvey Turner","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0088","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On stage, and in real life, timing is critical for success. Theranostic cancer care epitomizes the central role of timing in the evolution of efficacious molecular targeted radioligand therapy and its incorporation into routine clinical practice of oncology. Nuclear medicine has returned to its therapeutic roots, having been founded as a medical specialty, over three-quarters of a century ago, with radioiodine therapy of thyroid cancer. The very recent oncologist acceptance of ⁶⁸Ga/¹⁷⁷Lu/²²⁵Ac-PSMA effectiveness in treating prostate cancer has re-established the role of the physician in nuclear medicine. This article addresses various important issues in respect of timing related to this resurgence. Training of the required new workforce in technical -omics expertise and physicianly virtues is an urgent priority. Precision in radioligand therapy requires definition of individual radiation absorbed dose (Gy) to tumor and to critical normal organs, preferably prospectively. It is time to abandon one-size-fits-all administration of fixed activities (GBq) in arbitrary cycle intervals and duration. The time has also come to design combination sequenced theranostic-immuno-chemotherapeutic approaches to metastatic cancer to address unmet needs, particularly in pancreatic carcinoma; exploiting the potential of new fibroblast activation protein inhibitor radioligands targeting the tumor microenvironment. Public perception of all things \"nuclear,\" including nuclear medicine, has recently recovered from the general opprobrium and radiophobia of the last half-century. Nuclear is the new green. At last, there have arisen propitious circumstances for the future development of theranostics: The timing is right, now.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"611-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Perspective on the Effectiveness of FDG PET/CT in Predicting KRAS Mutation in Colon Cancer Cases.","authors":"Fatih Tamer, Ulkem Yararbas","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0028","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2024.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Aim:</i></b> The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸FDG) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) parameters in predicting the Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene(<i>KRAS</i>) mutation status of patients with colon cancer. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Between April 2013 and December 2020, 79 patients who were diagnosed with colon cancer by colonoscopy underwent staging ¹⁸FDG PET/CT with this diagnosis and met all the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Clinical and prognostic features and also imaging (¹⁸FDG PET/CT and magnetic resonance imaging) reports of the patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> <i>KRAS</i> mutation was seen in 32 of patients (40.5%). No significant difference was observed between <i>KRAS</i> mutant and wild-type patients in terms of clinical features (tumor location, findings regarding metastasis, T stage, and tumor differentiation grade in patients who underwent surgery) and overall survival. Progression-free survival was significantly shorter in <i>KRAS</i> mutant patients (<i>p</i> = 0.018). Primary tumor standardized uptake value (SUV_mean) was significantly higher in <i>KRAS</i> mutant cases in the whole group (<i>p</i> = 0.024) and in patients in whom <i>KRAS</i> analysis was performed only in the primary lesion (<i>p</i> = 0.036). The cutoff value for predicting <i>KRAS</i> mutation status was 7.01 g/mL (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.650, confidence interval [CI] 95%, 0.56-0.74). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> When colon and rectal cancer cases were evaluated separately, the primary tumor SUV_mean value was significantly higher in <i>KRAS</i> mutant colon cancer cases. However, its effectiveness in predicting <i>KRAS</i> mutation status was low, similar to other parameters in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"664-672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomogram for Predicting Survival in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy plus or Not Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Analysis Based on 2018 FIGO Staging.","authors":"Li Hua, Mengzhuan Wei, Chengjun Feng, Shiting Li, Xiaomin Wen, Shaojun Chen","doi":"10.1089/cbr.2023.0199","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cbr.2023.0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The comprehensive treatment mode of combining concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is a commonly used mainstream model in the clinical practice of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). However, the necessity for AC after CCRT lacks sufficient evidence-based medical support. This study constructs a predictive model for the survival time dependence of CCRT ± AC for LACC based on the 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging with internal validation, the prognosis was assessed with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concurrent cisplatin, and provides guidance for future stratified treatment. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The retrospective analysis included 482 patients with LACC who CCRT from January 2016 to January 2023. Patients who used the 2009 FIGO staging were all standardized for the 2018 FIGO staging. The 482 patients with LACC were divided into a training set (<i>n</i> = 290) and a validation set (<i>n</i> = 192) at a ratio of 6:4. COX multivariate regression model and LASSO regression were used to screen for independent prognostic factors affecting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and a nomogram clinical prediction model was constructed based on these factors. Evaluate the effectiveness of the model through the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, decision curve, risk heat map, and survival curves for risk stratification. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The PFS and OS independent prognostic risk factors affecting the 2018 FIGO staging of LACC during CCRT were validated to be similar to the 2009 FIGO staging prediction model reported in previous literature. In the training cohort, area under the curve (AUC) values at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.941, 0.882, and 0.885 for PFS, and 0.946, 0.946, and 0.969 for OS, respectively. When applied to a test cohort, the model also showed accurate prediction result (AUC at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.869, 0.891, and 0.899 for PFS, and 0.891, 0.941 and 0.878 for OS, respectively). Subgroup analysis suggests that patients with LACC, adenocarcinoma, stage IVA, pelvic lymph node metastasis, pretreatment hemoglobin ≤100 g/l and residual tumor diameter >2 cm, who received CCRT in the 2018 FIGO stage, may benefit more from adjuvant chemtherapy. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Based on the 2018 FIGO staging, a nomogram prediction model for PFS and OS in patients with LACC undergoing CCRT was developed. The model, established by combining weighted clinical and pathological factors, can provide more personalized treatment predictions in clinical practice. For patients with high-risk factors such as residual tumor diameter > 2 cm after CCRT for LACC, AC may bring benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"690-705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}