Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals最新文献

{"title":"Telomere-Related Gene Risk Model for Prognosis and Immune Landscape in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuan Gao, Mengjia Huang, Yinan Guan, Tiantian Gao, Zhihui Liu","doi":"10.1177/10849785251393023","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251393023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a very aggressive kind of cancer that has a dramatic impact on the quality of life and mean survival of the patient. Consequently, a specific requirement emerges to predict the prognosis of individual patients as well as to guide the individualized therapeutic strategy in clinic. Telomere- related genes (TRGs) have recently been unraveled as key players in tumor biology and a constituent of the tumor immune microenvironment. Thus, the authors constructed a risk prediction model rooted in TRGs for the purpose of improving the predictive value of prognosis in LIHC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data in different datasets such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus were collected in TCGA-LIHC as well as GSE116174 and GSE14520. The differential expression analysis was performed to identify telomere location-related differential expression genes (TRGs), and the gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the function of TRGs in bioprocess, metabolism, and signaling pathways. Prognostic risk prediction model correlated with outcome was constructed by the LASSO Cox regression model and the key genes associated with the prognosis of LIHC. The predictive capacity of the risk signature based on TRG was further confirmed in two external cohorts. The predictive ability of risk model was assessed, and a series of clinical factors associated with the prognosis of liver cancer were determined. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors of LIHC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The authors discovered a set of TRG-associated DGEs with telomere states compared between LIHC and normal. Functional enrichment analysis of these DGEs indicated that they might participate in fundamental biological processes, such as genome maintenance and replication as well as multiple metabolic and signaling pathways. A risk prediction model and signature genes associated with patient prognosis were established by the LASSO Cox regression analysis for LIHC. The prognostic accuracy of the TRG-based risk model was also verified in two independent datasets. Furthermore, the prediction accuracy of the model was analyzed, and clinical indicators associated with the prognosis of liver cancer patients were enumerated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate the association of clinical variables and prognosis in patients with LIHC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, the authors validate that diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic accuracy would be enhanced through the study of gene expression data, construction of risk prediction models, and identification of risk-associated clinical factors of LIHC patients. The findings provide new biomarkers and risk prediction models for clinicians to better estimate the risk of patients for the purpose of treatment decisions.</","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing β-Glucan-Based Immunomodulation and Nanotherapeutic Strategies for Cancer Biotherapy.","authors":"Neelakanta Sarvashiva Kiran, Darshini Subramaniam, Chandrashekar Yashaswini, Ankita Chatterjee, Bhupendra Prajapati, Omar Awad Alsaidan, Sami I Alzarea, Sankha Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1177/10849785251396324","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251396324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>β-glucans are structurally diverse polysaccharides from fungi, yeasts, bacteria, and cereals, exhibiting variable branching and molecular weights that shape their biological activity. Emerging preclinical and clinical evidence highlights their ability to modulate innate and adaptive immunity, exerting direct and adjunct antitumor effects via dectin-1, toll-like receptors, and complement receptor 3. Although well known as nutraceuticals, their integration into advanced cancer biotherapeutics, such as monoclonal antibody regimens, cytokine modulation, and nanoparticle delivery, remains in early translation. This review examines the molecular basis of β-glucan-induced immunostimulation, emphasizing how linkage type, branching frequency, triple-helical structure, and source influence receptor engagement and downstream immune responses. Emerging evidence is presented on β-glucan formulation engineering, including β-glucan-coated polymeric nanoparticles and micelles, β-glucan-complexed lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery, polymersomes with splenic/myeloid avidity, and β-glucan-stabilized nanosuspensions, several of which show enhanced lymphatic targeting, improved drug bioavailability, or reduced tumor growth in preclinical cancer models. Clinical translation is analyzed with attention to dosing protocols, administration routes (oral, intravenous, topical), and the impact of β-glucan adjuvancy in therapeutic antibodies, immunotoxins, and vascular disrupting agents. The review further addresses essential safety and toxicology data, regulatory compliance challenges, and the imperative for rigorous physicochemical standardization to ensure clinical reproducibility and patient safety. β-glucans have emerged as multifunctional immunomodulators and drug delivery enhancers, driving progress toward personalized cancer immunotherapy and innovative combinatorial regimens. Continued interdisciplinary research and harmonization of extraction, characterization, and delivery protocols are paramount for success in precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"135-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145642719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[²²⁵Ac]Ac-Macropa-PEG₄-HEA125 for Targeted α Therapy in Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-Positive Tumors: Conjugation, Radiolabeling, and Efficacy.","authors":"Syed Qaiser Shah, Saba Shirin","doi":"10.1177/10849785251391525","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251391525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in a wide range of epithelial malignancies, and thus is a potential target for antibody-based radiotherapy. This work describes the synthesis, labeling, and biological evaluation of an alpha-emitting radioconjugate, [²²⁵Ac]Ac-Macropa-PEG₄-HEA125, as a targeted alpha therapy candidate for EpCAM-positive tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The murine anti-EpCAM monoclonal antibody HEA125 was site-specifically conjugated to the chelator Macropa using a PEG₄-maleimide linker. The structural integrity and chelator-to-antibody (C/A) ratio of the conjugate were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and LC-MS. Radiolabeling with ²²⁵Ac was performed under mild conditions, and radiochemical purity was assessed using iTLC and radio-HPLC. <i>In vitro</i> studies included stability testing, immunoreactivity, and cytotoxicity assays using MCF-7 (EpCAM⁺) and CHO-K1 (EpCAM^-) cell lines. In vivo biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated in MCF-7 xenograft-bearing female athymic nude mice (BALB/c nu/nu).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conjugation with HEA125 resulted in a C/A ratio of 4.2 ± 0.3, and SDS-PAGE proved integrity of antibodies to be preserved. Purity of radiolabeling was >98%, and >94% stability was retained for more than 120 h both in PBS and serum. Immunoreactive fraction was 86.2 ± 2.4%, and cytotoxicity assays showed, dose-dependent MCF-7 cell killing with minimal impact on EpCAM-negative controls. In vivo, [²²⁵Ac]Ac-Macropa-PEG₄-HEA125, exhibited significant tumor uptake (15.7 ± 2.3 %ID/g at 24 h), maintained retention (12.1 ± 1.9 %ID/g at 72 h), and minimal off-target accumulation. Therapeutic injection resulted in extensive tumor growth inhibition and long-term survival, with 60% of the mice surviving past day 30 with little overt toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>[²²⁵Ac]Ac-Macropa-PEG₄-HEA125, establishes high radiochemical purity, <i>in vitro</i> stability, EpCAM specificity, and strong antitumor activity in preclinical models. These results warrant its advancement as a promising targeted alpha therapy candidate for EpCAM-expressing carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"157-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Assessment of Radiopharmaceutical Uptake in Brain Tumor Cells Using Focused Ultrasound Stimulation.","authors":"Jun Fang, Ningjie Li, Hongbo Li, Mumo Wang, Li Wang","doi":"10.1177/10849785251388809","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251388809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant brain tumors remain a major therapeutic challenge due to poor intracellular delivery of therapeutics. Radiopharmaceuticals such as Technetium-99m (^^99mTc) are valuable for imaging and therapy but suffer from limited tumor uptake caused by cellular and membrane barriers. Focused ultrasound (FUS) offers a noninvasive strategy to transiently enhance membrane permeability through sonoporation. Unlike prior studies largely focused on blood-brain barrier disruption, this work specifically investigates direct tumor cell sonoporation as an independent uptake mechanism. This study evaluates FUS-mediated enhancement of ^^99mTc radiopharmaceutical uptake in brain tumor cells and determines optimal acoustic parameters balancing efficacy and safety. Human glioblastoma (U87-MG) and astrocytoma (A172) cells were cultured and exposed to FUS at intensities of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 W/cm² for 30-120 s. Radiopharmaceutical uptake was quantified using γ-scintillation counting. Membrane integrity was assessed by live/dead fluorescence microscopy and lactate dehydrogenase release, while cell viability was evaluated via medical training therapy (MTT) assays. U87-MG cells exhibited up to a 3.1-fold increase at 0.7 W/cm² for 120 s, with a 2.3-fold enhancement at the clinically relevant 0.5 W/cm² for 60 s while maintaining >92% viability. A172 cells showed similar trends with slightly lower magnitudes. Safety assays confirmed reversible membrane permeabilization at ≤0.5 W/cm². The temporal uptake kinetics aligned with established membrane pore resealing dynamics, supporting reversible sonoporation as the uptake mechanism. Importantly, while ^^99mTc complexes are primarily diagnostic, enhanced intracellular delivery achieved by optimized FUS may also support future theranostic strategies, including radionuclide therapy. These findings underscore the translational potential of FUS in neuro-oncology, where tumor heterogeneity necessitates parameter optimization to maximize radiopharmaceutical delivery, improve imaging contrast, and overcome therapeutic resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"10849785251388809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment by Ultrasound-Assisted Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Reverse Anti-PD-1 Resistance in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Xuefeng Xie, Xian Li","doi":"10.1177/10849785251414759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251414759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) development and therapy resistance are heavily controlled by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although anti-PD-1 immunotherapy has significant therapeutic advantages, resistance remains a key challenge. Recent research has identified the gut microbiota as a key regulator of host immunity and checkpoint inhibitor effectiveness. Ultrasound (US) has emerged as a viable biophysical technique for improving medication and microbial delivery and controlling immune activation within tumors.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this work was to assess the synergistic effects of US-assisted fecal microbiota transplantation (US-FMT) on TME remodeling and anti-PD-1 resistance in a CRC cell line-derived xenograft mouse model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Tumor-bearing mice were randomized into four treatment groups: vehicle control, anti-PD-1 alone, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) alone, and US-FMT plus anti-PD-1 therapy. Low-intensity focused US was utilized to promote microbial engraftment and intestinal permeability. Flow cytometry, ELISA, and transcriptome profiling were used to investigate tumor growth kinetics, immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and TME-related gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison with the other groups, US-FMT reduced tumor development and restored sensitivity to anti-PD-1 treatment. US facilitated beneficial microbial colonization, boosted CD8 T cell infiltration, and decreased immunosuppressive cell populations. Furthermore, US-FMT modified cytokine release and reduced pro-tumorigenic inflammatory mediators, reprogramming the TME to be immune-active.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>US-assisted microbiota manipulation is a unique and synergistic biotherapeutic method for reversing immunological resistance in CRC. The combination of US and FMT has translational promise for enhancing immunotherapy response and developing noninvasive cancer treatment techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"10849785251414759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of <i>ADH1C</i> and <i>MZB1</i> as Potential Ultrasound-Modulated Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Immune Microenvironment Profiling in Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Juanpeng Yu, Shengsheng Yu","doi":"10.1177/10849785261418974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785261418974","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Although alcohol dehydrogenase 1 C (&lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt;) and marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein (&lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt;) have shown promise as biomarkers for various cancers, little is known about their clinical importance in ovarian cancer (OV), especially when it comes to ultrasound-based therapy modulation. In addition to assessing the wider significance of &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt; by pan-cancer analysis, this study explores the diagnostic, prognostic, and immune-microenvironment implications of these molecules in OV.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Differentially expressed genes linked to OV development and patient risk profiles were found by analyzing transcriptomic and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GTEx. &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;MZB1's&lt;/i&gt; prognostic significance was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The relationship between gene expression and the OV tumor immune microenvironment was examined using ESTIMATE and ssGSEA. Age, stage, and surgical residual disease were among the clinicopathologic relationships that were investigated. In addition to mutation profiling of the most changed genes in OV, immune-related indicators (microsatellite instability [MSI], tumor mutational burden [TMB], and RNAss stemness) were compared between &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt;-high and &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt;-low groups to assess genomic heterogeneity. A thorough pan-cancer analysis further examined gene expression patterns and correlations with tumor immunity and RNA modification pathways. By looking at biomarker pathways that are known to react to mechanical or sonodynamic manipulation, relevance to ultrasound-based therapy was deduced.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;While &lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt; was downregulated and acted as a protective factor, &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; was markedly increased and found to be a risk factor in advanced-stage OV. Poorer progression-free interval, disease-specific survival, and overall survival were all linked to high &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; expression. On the contrary, better clinical results were indicated by higher &lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt;. Both genes showed significant associations with immunoregulatory pathways and immune-infiltrating cell types. Age, tumor stage, and residual disease were all significantly correlated with &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; expression. Increased MSI, TMB, and stemness characteristics were seen in &lt;i&gt;ADH1&lt;/i&gt;C-high patients, suggesting genomic instability. &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt; are differently expressed in a variety of cancers and are closely associated with immunological activity and RNA modification patterns, according to the pan-cancer study. This suggests that they may be susceptible to ultrasound-mediated biological modulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;For the diagnosis, prognosis, and immune-microenvironment profiling of OV, &lt;i&gt;ADH1C&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;MZB1&lt;/i&gt; are clinically significant biomarkers. Their potential utility in ultrasound-enhanced therapy techniques for OV and other malignancies is supported by th","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"10849785261418974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Enhanced Delivery of the Quercetin Derivative ANL3 Activates the <i>FOXO1A</i>-<i>NDRG2</i>-<i>SOD2</i> Axis to Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Osteosarcoma.","authors":"Jun Qian, Wangsheng Wu, Haoyu Wang, Chang Shu, Bingsheng Liu","doi":"10.1177/10849785251406063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785251406063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with recognized antitumor properties, has limited therapeutic applicability due to its low water solubility and bioavailability. To address these issues, a new quercetin derivative, ANL3, was created with superior pharmacokinetic and physicochemical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong><i>In vitro</i> investigations showed that ANL3 effectively inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63 and SaOS-2) with lower IC₅₀ values than quercetin. Transcriptomic analysis and molecular testing revealed the <i>FOXO1A-NDRG2-</i>superoxide dismutase 2 (<i>SOD2</i>) axis as a critical mechanistic route. ANL3 directly interacted with <i>FOXO1A</i>, increasing its phosphorylation without decreasing total protein expression, upregulating <i>NDRG2</i>, and downregulating <i>SOD2</i>, resulting in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) buildup and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This cascade reduced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and slowed osteosarcoma growth. <i>In vivo</i>, ANL3 therapy decreased tumor volume, increased survival in naked mice, and had little systemic toxicity.Ultrasound Augmentation:Based on these findings, low-intensity focused ultrasound was used to increase ANL3 delivery and intracellular activation. Ultrasound exposure increased cellular uptake, boosted local ROS production, and amplified ER stress signaling via the <i>FOXO1A-NDRG2-SOD2</i> pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings show that ultrasound-augmented ANL3 treatment is a viable biotherapeutic method for osteosarcoma because it improves ER stress-mediated tumor suppression while reducing systemic adverse effects. This article proposes a mechanistic framework for incorporating ultrasound-mediated medication activation into precision cancer biotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"10849785251406063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonodynamic Therapy: Porphyrin-Based Sensitizers and Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Precision Treatment of Glioblastoma.","authors":"Huda M Alshanbari, Mohammed Abaker, Yazeed Alashban, Essa Alyounis, Sultan Almutairi, Nouf Atiahallah Alghanmi, Nujud Aloshban, Rana Alabdan","doi":"10.1177/10849785261418890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10849785261418890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonodynamic treatment (SDT) is also beginning to be of interest as an effective noninvasive approach to treat glioblastoma multiforme, in which ultrasonically triggered sensitizers generate an effector of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The current research determined the competence of three structurally novel porphyrin-based sensitizers (named as P1, P2, and P3) under the arm of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as an agent that enhances ROS-mediated apoptosis in the cells of the glioma. The authors tested the model of U87-MG human glioblastoma cell cultures under the treatment with porphyrins at the concentration of 27 M down to 10.7 M with and without LIPUS treatment (1 MHz, 1.0W/cm², 50% duty cycle, 5 min). The effects of the combined porphyrin and LIPUS treatment were also more likely to show effects of increased production of ROS in all of its concentrations compared with monotherapies or control, which was not treated. P3 + LIPUS yielded the highest amount of ROS, with the number increasing 3.2 0.4 times more than control (<i>p</i> < 0.001). To compare, the percentage of apoptosis increased to 46.7% relative to the 8.6% of the untreated cells using the combined SDT (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.21-5.0). Porphyrin and ultrasound also had a synergistic effect with all the sensitizers and P3 represented the highest synergy index. The multivariate regression analysis showed that interaction between light concentration of sensitizer and the parameters of ultrasound exposure had a statistical significance (<i>p</i> < 0.01) such that it was possible to state that there was upregulated oxidative stress with dual-modality treatment. The findings clearly confirm that a mixture of LIPUS and newly identified porphyrin-based sensitizers is more effective in promoting the intracellular concentration of ROS and triggering an apoptosis in glioma cells than either of the two groups. This synergy has been observed in preclinical studies that are underway on the further development of such a process in the treatment of gliomas. The results are already included in a growing collection of literature on the potential SDT overcoming the disadvantages that are associated with the traditional photodynamic therapy to chemoresistance in gliomas. Besides determining the efficacy of P3, this study provides the requisite quantitative biomarkers and synergy models, which may be implemented to construct intelligent and closed-loop SDT systems. The results form the basis of the quantitative development of adaptive, closed-loop SDT systems in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"10849785261418890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-Guided Percutaneous Radioactive ¹²⁵I Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"Peng Du, Liangliang Meng, Zenan Chen, Xiao Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10849785251380365","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251380365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the efficacy and safety of ¹²⁵I source implantation via a coaxial puncture in treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was used to investigate the efficacy and safety of 40 patients with LAPC treated with radioactive ¹²⁵I particles under CT guidance in the hospital. A treatment planning system was used to develop the preoperative plan, and the radioactive ¹²⁵I particles were implanted using a coaxial puncture technique in the same plane to simulate a sector distribution system. CT scans were performed at postoperative months 2, 4, and 6 for follow-up treatment outcome assessment. Overall survival (OS) time and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated, and factors affecting prognosis were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients completed the operation successfully. The overall response rate of treatment at 2, 4, and 6 months was 37.5%, 47.5%, and 50.0%. The median OS and PFS were 11.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.14-12.86) and 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.45-10.55), respectively. The 6- and 12-month PFS rates were 85.0% (95% CI: 69.6%-93.0%) and 35.0% (95% CI: 20.8%-49.5%), respectively. The 12-month OS rates were 47.5% (95% CI: 20.2%-49.8%). The intraoperative complications related to the operation were local abdominal hemorrhage in 2 cases, subcutaneous soft tissue hematoma in 2 cases, and wrong puncture of the pancreatic duct in 1 case. The main side-effects were fever in 10 cases and decreased appetite in 3 cases in the recent postoperative period. Eighteen grade 0 cases and 3 cases of grade I acute radiation enteritis occurred. No acute radiation damage above grade II and late radiation damage was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coaxial puncture ¹²⁵I source implantation is a promising percutaneous minimally invasive technology that is safe and effective in treating LAPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Targeted Delivery Systems for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy and Its Potential as a Promising Therapeutic Modality for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Tanglong Zhang, Pengcheng Zhang, Huanyu Zhang, Zhuoya Zhang, Juntao Ran","doi":"10.1177/10849785251370873","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10849785251370873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a precision binary radiotherapy. In this modality, thermal neutrons combine with 10B to induce a nuclear reaction that kills tumor cells. Its therapeutic efficacy depends on the targeted accumulation of boron delivery agents. BNCT has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating head and neck cancers and recurrent gliomas. However, there is limited evidence regarding its application in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review systematically examines recent advances in novel boron carriers. It also assesses the potential of BNCT for treating HCC and aims to provide a new therapeutic option for HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a systematic research approach to investigate the latest advances in novel boron carrier development. We also analyzed existing clinical data related to BNCT treatment for HCC. We aimed to systematically assess the feasibility and potential of applying BNCT to HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Newly designed boron carriers show significantly enhanced targeted aggregation within tumor cells and reduced systemic toxicity compared to traditional carriers. Preliminary clinical studies have confirmed the potential efficacy of BNCT in inhibiting HCC growth. Notably, BNCT possesses the unique advantage of precise tumor targeting, which shows promising potential in minimizing damage to surrounding normal liver tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The progress made in the development of boron carriers has built a solid foundation for improving the efficacy and safety of BNCT treatment for HCC. By addressing current limitations in boron delivery and clinical evidence, BNCT has the potential to complement existing treatment modalities, improve outcomes for HCC patients, and provide new directions for the clinical treatment of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":55277,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals","volume":" ","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}