Clinical Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"Risk Factors and Outcomes of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit Patients.","authors":"Tingting Hou, Yifang Huang, Jinjun Jiang, Yuanlin Song, Shujing Chen","doi":"10.1111/crj.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors and clinical outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in critically ill patients admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled adult patients who developed diarrhea during their stay in the RICU and underwent C. difficile toxin testing. Patients were stratified into two groups based on test results: CDI group and Clostridioides difficile-negative diarrhea (CDN) group. Risk factors for CDI and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of CDI in RICU patients was 8.3%. Compared with the CDN group, the CDI group had significantly lower PaO₂/FiO₂ (P/F) ratios (median 135 vs. 189 mmHg, p = 0.012) and higher rates of parenteral nutrition (83.78% vs. 60.0%, p = 0.012), vasopressor use (62.16% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.029), and analgesic administration (72.97% vs. 47.14%, p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis indicated that male sex was a risk factor for CDI (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.25-13.26; p = 0.02). The CDI group had a nonsignificantly higher 60-day mortality rate (35.14% vs. 34.29%; p = 0.976). Survivors of CDI patients exhibited better oxygenation (175.43 vs. 102.88 mmHg; p = 0.004) and lower SOFA scores (6.38 vs. 9.0; p = 0.017). No independent risk factors for mortality were identified. CDI patients had significantly longer RICU stays (median: 32 vs. 21.5 days, p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, male sex was independently associated with an increased risk of CDI. Although CDI did not significantly affect 60-day mortality, it was linked to prolonged RICU hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 10","pages":"e70130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Epidemiological Characteristics of Upper Respiratory Tract Pathogens in Children in Guangdong, China”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/crj.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Q. Zhao</span>, <span>P. Ke</span>, <span>L. Hu</span>, et al., “ <span>Epidemiological Characteristics of Upper Respiratory Tract Pathogens in Children in Guangdong, China</span>,” <i>Clinical Respiratory Journal</i> <span>18, no. 10</span> (<span>2024</span>), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70011.\u0000 </p><p>In the paragraph under “2.2.2|Multiplex Probe Amplification (MPA) PCR Testing” heading, the original description of the PCR kit and its detected pathogens was incorrect. Specifically, the kit name, the list of pathogens, and the inclusion of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) genes were not accurate.</p><p>The corrected text should read as follows:</p><p>Nucleic acids stored at −80°C were subjected to testing for multiple viral pathogens using commercial kits, following the manufacturer's instructions. The PCR detection kit was purchased from Guangzhou Biotron Technology Co. Ltd. (Guangzhou, China), and the product name is Respiratory 11 Pathogens Nucleic Acid Test Kit (fluorescent PCR melting curve method). This kit is designed to simultaneously detect 11 common respiratory pathogens, including Influenza A virus (IFA), Influenza B virus (IFB), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Human rhinovirus (HRV), Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), Human adenoviruses (HAdV), Human coronavirus (HCoV), Human bocavirus (HBoV), Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (MP), and <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> (CP). Primer sequences are proprietary and cannot be disclosed.</p><p>In the paragraph under “3.3|Seasonal Features” heading, the text stating “The results indicated that, except for HBoV, all other viruses had p values less than 0.01” is incorrect. It should be corrected to</p><p>“The results indicated that, except for HBoV, all other viruses had <i>p</i> values less than 0.001.”</p><p>Table 2 needs revision. The text ‘in bold’ should be deleted from the table footnote. Below is the corrected table:\u0000 </p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation Between NLR, RDW, and Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Bronchiectasis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome","authors":"Lingling Hu,&nbsp;Zhenxin Liu,&nbsp;Jiangtao Yu,&nbsp;Zhongfei Yang,&nbsp;Daxi Feng","doi":"10.1111/crj.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70128","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Based on the analysis of the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (BCOS), this paper aims to explore the indexes that not only represent the severity of patients with BCOS overlapping PH but also are highly related to BCOS overlapping PH.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The clinical data of 159 patients with BCOS admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital from January 2019 to November 2024 were collected and analyzed. All the patients had complete color Doppler echocardiography at this hospital and were separated into experimental group (106 cases, BCOS with PH) and control group (53 cases, BCOS not combined with PH group), according to whether they were complicated with pulmonary hypertension or not. And then the experimental group was divided into mild, moderate and severe subgroups. The correlation of NLR, RDW with pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure (PASP) in BCOS patients was analyzed. And whether there were differences or not between NLR and RDW among experimental group, control group as well as subgroups was compared. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the efficacy of NLR and RDW in distinguishing between “PH-complicated” and “non-PH-complicated” statuses among BCOS patients at the cross-sectional level.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;First, the level of NLR and RDW in experimental group was higher than those in control group, in addition the difference was statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Second, significant intergroup differences in NLR and RDW levels were observed among the three subgroups of the experimental group (NLR: &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; RDW: &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011). Specifically, both NLR and RDW levels in the severe PH subgroup were significantly higher than those in the mild PH subgroup (NLR: adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; RDW: adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009). Additionally, NLR levels in the severe PH subgroup were higher than those in the moderate PH subgroup (adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011), whereas no statistically significant difference in RDW levels was noted between the severe and moderate PH subgroups (adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.148). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in NLR or RDW levels between the mild and moderate PH subgroups (NLR: adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.196; RDW: adjusted &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.607). Third, the level of NLR and RDW was positively correlated with PASP (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.294, ","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression in Patients With Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Using DCE-MRI Quantitative Analysis","authors":"Chen Yang,&nbsp;Fandong Zhu,&nbsp;Qianling Li,&nbsp;Chenwen Sun,&nbsp;Hongyan Jin,&nbsp;Zhenhua Zhao","doi":"10.1111/crj.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim is to evaluate the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using quantitative perfusion parameters based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 35 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC and sufficient tissue pathology were enrolled in the study. The immunohistochemical (IHC) results were used as the gold standard to determine the thresholds for grouping the patients. The patients were divided into three categories based on their PD-L1 expression: (1) PD-L1-negative (IHC &lt; 1%) and PD-L1-positive (IHC ≥ 1%); (2) PD-L1 weak (IHC &lt; 50%) and strong expression (IHC ≥ 50%); and (3) PD-L1 nonexpression (IHC &lt; 1%), low expression (IHC between 1% and 49%), and high expression (IHC ≥ 50%). DCE-MRI datasets were analyzed to acquire histogram parameters, including mean value, uniformity, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, energy, and quantity, of quantitative perfusion parameters using the extended Tofts model (ETM) and the exchange model (ECM). Subsequently, the parameters were compared between the aforementioned groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IHC showed PD-L1 &lt; 1% in 20 cases, PD-L1 (1%–49%) in 14 cases, and PD-L1 ≥ 50% in 14 cases. At a threshold of 50%, statistically significant differences were observed for ETM/<i>K</i>^trans (<i>Q</i>25 and <i>Q</i>50), ETM/<i>K</i>_ep (<i>Q</i>10), and ECM/<i>V</i>_e (<i>Q</i>75 and <i>Q</i>90), with values being higher in the weak PD-L1 expression group. With thresholds of 1% and 50%, the results of the pairwise comparison showed that the ECM/<i>V</i>_e (<i>Q</i>75) value in the low PD-L1 expression group was significantly higher than that in the high PD-L1 expression group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DCE-MRI quantitative analysis is a valuable tool for the evaluation of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC. It provides a noninvasive method that can be employed as an adjunctive technique for the stratification of PD-L1 expression in patients with NSCLC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and In-Hospital Mortality in Sepsis Combined With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Modified by Mechanical Ventilation","authors":"Ren-wei Zhang,&nbsp;Meng-jiao Ye","doi":"10.1111/crj.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cross-sectional study examined the correlation between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and explored the modifying effect of mechanical ventilation on this relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Logistic regression models were employed to explore the correlation between log SII and in-hospital mortality. The receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve analysis were used to examine the predictive value of log SII for in-hospital mortality. Generalized linear regression analysis, logistic regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline were used to explore the associations among log SII, in-hospital mortality, and mechanical ventilation states.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1058 patients were enrolled. Log SII was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis combined with COPD (odds ratios for Model 1, Model 2, Model 3, and Model 4 were 3.116, 2.847, 2.244, and 3.495, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.005; log SII as an optimal-threshold categorical variable). Additionally, mechanical ventilation was closely related to log SII (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was a stronger correlation between log SII and in-hospital mortality of patients who received mechanical ventilation, especially those with invasive mechanical ventilation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An elevated SII independently predicts elevated in-hospital mortality risk in sepsis–COPD patients. This association is strongly intensified by mechanical ventilation, particularly the invasive mode. SII serves as a valuable biomarker for risk stratification in this vulnerable population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Photodynamic and Bronchoscopic Intervention With Radiation Therapy in Treating Pulmonary Pleomorphic Sarcoma: A Case Report","authors":"Ran An,&nbsp;Shishou Wang,&nbsp;Lijian Tang,&nbsp;Tao Feng,&nbsp;Chen Lin,&nbsp;Chongqing Lv","doi":"10.1111/crj.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is a rare and challenging malignancy in terms of diagnosis and treatment. We narrated a case of PPSS treated innovatively by integrating photodynamic therapy (PDT) and localized radiation, overcoming diagnostic and treatment challenges associated with PPSS. The combination significantly improved clinical symptoms and patient survival. The case sheds light on a promising therapeutic strategy, augmenting the treatment discourse for PPSS and potentially guiding future clinical practices in managing this rare malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis","authors":"Mucahit Yetim,&nbsp;Macit Kalçık,&nbsp;Lütfü Bekar,&nbsp;Yusuf Karavelioğlu,&nbsp;Yasemin Arı Yılmaz","doi":"10.1111/crj.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse, resulting in intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. While obesity is a major risk factor, traditional markers such as body mass index (BMI) inadequately reflect the complex interplay of body composition in OSA pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of body composition parameters assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for OSA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional single-center study, 78 patients diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography (PSG) and 78 age-, gender-, and BMI-matched controls without OSA were analyzed. BIA was used to assess fat distribution, muscle mass, and body water composition. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of OSA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to controls, the OSA group had significantly higher lean mass, trunk fat percentage, and total body water. Multivariable logistic regression identified body fat mass (OR = 1.06), visceral fat area (OR = 0.83), and total body water (OR = 1.10) as independent predictors of OSA. Notably, total body water had the strongest association with OSA risk, independent of traditional obesity metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BIA-derived body composition analysis provides nuanced insights beyond BMI, highlighting the roles of central fat distribution and fluid balance in OSA pathophysiology. These findings underscore the clinical utility of incorporating detailed body composition assessment into the routine evaluation of patients at risk for OSA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation Into the Effect of Vaccination on Pulmonary Involvements in Patients With COVID-19 Infection, Based on High-Resolution CT Imaging","authors":"Elahe Amani,&nbsp;Bentolhoda Otroshi,&nbsp;Mohsen Tabatabaie,&nbsp;Azam Moslemi,&nbsp;Shiva Shabani","doi":"10.1111/crj.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 infection has been a major pandemic of this century, causing deaths, economic hardship, and poverty worldwide. At the moment, vaccination remains the most effective measure against this health challenge. This retrospective study assessed the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in the affected patients who had been shown positive previously by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared the retrospective records of 547 patients with COVID-19 over the prior 18 months (Mar. 2021 to Sept. 2022). Data from the patients' hospital records were divided into two groups of vaccinated (<i>N</i> = 334) versus non-vaccinated (<i>N</i> = 213) from individuals who had a prior positive PCR test. Subsequently, the patients' chest computed tomography (CT) images were evaluated and scored for the lung involvements based on a pathologically established scoring system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the CT image scores, it was evident that the vaccination significantly reduced the lung involvements in these patients. The severity of lung involvements was significantly less in the vaccinated than in the non-vaccinated group, regardless of being younger or older than 65 years old. Also, the arterial oxygen saturation was significantly greater in the vaccinated than in the non-vaccinated patients. Lastly, the vaccination had a significant effect on lowering the mortality rate and intubation in patients older than 65 years. However, there was no significant difference between the vaccinated versus the non-vaccinated groups with respect to their admission into the ICU at the local hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the results, COVID-19 vaccination reduced the severity of lung involvements in patients significantly. Hence, it can be considered a protective measure in reducing the disease burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Distribution, and Risk Factors of Mycobacterium Other Than Tuberculosis Among Tuberculosis Presumptive Patients in Karonga District in Malawi","authors":"S. Chitsulo,&nbsp;L. Gogoda,&nbsp;H. Nyirenda,&nbsp;S. Chirwa,&nbsp;T. Mwenyenkulu,&nbsp;H. Kanyerere,&nbsp;J. Mpunga,&nbsp;K. Mbendera,&nbsp;B. Mbakaya,&nbsp;S. Mwale,&nbsp;B. Nyambalo,&nbsp;F. Sinyiza,&nbsp;M. Chisale","doi":"10.1111/crj.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Besides tuberculosis (TB), there are also other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that present with similar clinical signs and symptoms as TB. If not promptly found and treated, these organisms may affect the programming of the TB control and elimination campaign. The study sought to establish the prevalence, distribution, and factors contributing to MOTT infections among presumptive TB patients in the Karonga district.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study research design was employed. A total of 196 participants were included in the study using a census approach. Data were collected by administering a questionnaire to the health care worker, and a sputum specimen was collected from the participants; this specimen was used to examine the presence of mycobacterium using the microscope. Regardless of the results at the district-level laboratory, all the specimens were then sent to the Mzuzu region TB reference laboratory to isolate <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and Mycobacterium Other Than Tuberculosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 196 samples collected, 14 (7.1%) were positive at the district level. When sent for culture, 195 (99.5%) had culture results, and 23 (12%) had growth in culture. Out of the 23 (100%) culture-positive results, 12 (52%) were MOTT-positive, while 11 (48%) were MTB complex. There were more men, seven (58%) with MOTT-positive than women, five (42%), and more in the age group of 15–39 years old, with six (50%) and less in more than 60 years old two (16.7%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show the presence of MOTT infections among presumptive TB patients who submitted samples to the study. The distribution by sex shows that more men had MOTT infections than women. However, all the risk factors listed for the study were not significant for MOTT infections. The recommendation is to improve the testing techniques to identify these microorganisms, which are neglected but very difficult to assess, especially when no clear population is at risk of getting these infections compared with TB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Gut Microbiota on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mediated by Circulating Inflammatory Proteins: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Hongyu Zhu,&nbsp;Caihua Chen,&nbsp;Haixie Guo,&nbsp;Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Quanteng Hu","doi":"10.1111/crj.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persistent inflammation is a crucial characteristic of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Gut microbiota (GM) contribute to the occurrence and development of several pulmonary diseases through the “gut–lung axis.” The genetic role of GM in IPF and the mediating effect of circulating inflammatory proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was used as an instrumental variable (IV) for exposure to evaluate the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. A two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study mainly based on an “inverse variance weighted (IVW)” approach was performed to explore the causal relationship between GM and IPF mediated by circulating inflammatory proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The IVW way illustrated 12 taxa (Bacillales, Gastranaerophilales, Selenomonadales, Family XIII, Bacteroidaceae, <i>Bacteroides</i>, and <i>Actinomyces</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Oscillibacter</i>, <i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i>, <i>Subdoligranulum</i>, <i>Veillonella</i>) of GM and 8 circulating inflammatory proteins (CCL11, CXCL6, CXCL9, CCL8, CCL7, NRTN, STAMPB, and TGFa) had suggestive evidence of causality on IPF. The mediation MR demonstrated the causal pathway from <i>Actinomyces</i> to IPF was partly mediated by CCL11 (the mediation effect: 0.063, 95% CI [1.016–1.126]; <i>p</i> = 0.004) with a mediation proportion of 13.035%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings may suggest a genetically predicted association between GM and IPF mediated by circulating inflammatory proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}