Clinical Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"Immunotherapy Improves the Survival of Stage 4 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients at the US Population Level: The Real-World Evidence","authors":"Yuxuan Wei,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Ruikang Yin,&nbsp;Shijie Wang,&nbsp;Jianglong Han,&nbsp;Ruyan Chen,&nbsp;Zhenming Fu","doi":"10.1111/crj.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of lung cancer and improved lung cancer survival in trials, but its real-world impact at the population level remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data obtained from eight Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from 2004 through 2019, we addressed the long-term trends in the incidence, incidence-based mortality (IBM), and survival of lung cancer patients in the United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence and IBM of both non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) all significantly decreased steadily from 2004 to 2019. The 1-year survival (1-YS) of both NSCLC and SCLC improved over time, with the best improvement observed for Stage 4 NSCLC. Two significant turning points of Stage 4 NSCLC 1-YS were observed over the years: 0.63% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33%–0.93%) from 2004 to 2010, 0.81% (95% CI: 0.41%–1.21%) from 2010 to 2014 and a striking 2.09% (95% CI: 1.70%–2.47%) from 2014 to 2019. The same two turning points in 1-YS were pronounced for Stage 4 NSCLC in women, which were coincident with the introduction of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and immunotherapy. However, for Stage 4 NSCLC in men, only one significant turning point in the 1-YS starting in 2014 was found, which might only correspond to immunotherapy. Significant period effects in reduced IBM were also observed for both Stage 4 AD and Stage 4 SQCC during the period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This SEER analysis found that immunotherapy improved the survival of Stage 4 NSCLC patients at the population level in the United States. This real-world evidence confirms that immunotherapy has truly revolutionized the management of lung cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atezolizumab-Induced Immune-Related Pneumonia on Rounded Atelectasis","authors":"Satoru Yanagisawa,&nbsp;Takaya Yui,&nbsp;Hiroki Takechi,&nbsp;Satoshi Wasamoto","doi":"10.1111/crj.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Dear editor:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An 82-year-old man with a heavy smoking history (35 pack-years) was diagnosed with right upper lung small cell lung cancer (extensive-disease, cT1cN3M1c: cStage IVB, LYM, OSS, HEP) in June 2023. He was a retired electrician who had been exposed to construction dust and asbestos fibers for decades. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed partially calcified pleural plaques and posterior left lower lobe rounded atelectasis (RA) with “comet tail sign” [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] (Figure 1A,B). Retrospectively, the RA appeared to remain the same shape and size since 2017. Positron emission tomography revealed &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the right upper lobe primary tumor, but not in the pleural plaque or RA (Figure 1C–E). Subsequently, the patient was treated with carboplatin/etoposide plus atezolizumab as first-line chemotherapy in July 2023. Soon after atezolizumab infusion, he developed a transient fever; thereafter, he gradually complained of worsening dyspnea on exertion, with mild desaturation. On day 9 after chemotherapy induction, chest CT showed a new-onset consolidative shadow on the left lower lung that appeared around the preexisting RA (Figure 2A,B). The laboratory test results, including infectious serology and culture results, were unremarkable. Additional inflammatory serologies (antinuclear and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) were negative. Due to hypoxemia, further diagnostic studies, such as bronchoscopy, could not be conducted. We suspected that the lesion was consistent with atezolizumab-induced interstitial lung disease (immune-related adverse event [irAE]) and started intravenous prednisolone (40 mg daily). After the initiation of steroid treatment, his hypoxemia and lung shadow were almost completely cleared (Figure 2C,D), which supported the diagnosis of irAE pneumonia in RA. We decided to refrain from atezolizumab treatment and continued carboplatin/etoposide therapy alone without recurrence of irAEs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;RA [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], also known as “folded lung” or “Blesovsky's syndrome,” is a subtype of lung atelectasis caused by invagination of the redundant visceral pleura [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Although most RA are believed to be associated with asbestos lung exposure [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;], it is sometimes difficult to differentiate RA from other asbestos exposure-associated malignant diseases such as lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. RA usually maintains the same volume and even shrinks on serial scans [&lt;span&gt;4-6&lt;/span&gt;], which supports the benign feature of the lesion and justifies careful follow-up without intervention. However, there are some reports of RA that gradually enlarge and eventually necessitate surgical biopsy or excision [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Although the precise mechanism of RA enlargement is yet to be elucidated, persistent chronic pleural inflammation may be associated. In our case, subpleural consolidation around the RA expanded after the initiation of atezo","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchoscopic Interventional Therapy Combined With Pembrolizumab in the Treatment of Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report","authors":"Yingyi Fan,&nbsp;Yingying Wang,&nbsp;Yanrong Ji,&nbsp;Shuang Li,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Xingliang Hao","doi":"10.1111/crj.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reports a significant clinical outcome following the use of bronchoscopic interventional therapy combined with pembrolizumab for treating pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), showcasing a novel approach in managing this aggressive cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Depression and Anxiety Scores Following Initiation of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis","authors":"Harish Pudukodu,&nbsp;Margret Z. Powell,&nbsp;Agathe Ceppe,&nbsp;Scott H. Donaldson,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Goralski,&nbsp;Nathaniel A. Sowa","doi":"10.1111/crj.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (E/T/I) has provided life-changing pharmacotherapy for many people with cystic fibrosis (CF), but conflicting literature exists regarding the effect on mental health. While some reports suggest E/T/I may induce adverse psychiatric symptoms, others report improvements in mental health symptoms. To add to this growing body of knowledge, we retrospectively analyzed depression and anxiety symptoms before and after E/T/I initiation in adults with CF at a single large US CF center.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores recorded in a database were studied. Patients with scores collected before and after E/T/I initiation were included. Regression analyses described associations between score changes and age, race, ethnicity, sex, CFTR variant, and prior depression and/or anxiety diagnoses. Secondary analyses examined possible confounding effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no change in mean GAD-7 (0.5 ± 5.3, <i>p</i> = 0.41) or PHQ-9 (−0.02 ± 6.0, <i>p</i> = 0.97) scores following initiation of E/T/I (<i>N</i> = 86). A trend between a prior diagnosis of depression and worsening in PHQ-9 post-E/T/I was observed (OR 3.58; <i>p</i> = 0.054).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment with E/T/I does not lead to changes in depression or anxiety symptoms at the population level in this single center cohort study. A prior diagnosis of depression trended towards an increased odds of worsening PHQ-9 scores after E/T/I initiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methylation-related lncRNA-based prediction model in lung adenocarcinomas","authors":"Kun Yang,&nbsp;Hao Liu,&nbsp;Jun Hai Li","doi":"10.1111/crj.13753","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.13753","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The collaboration between methylation and the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) occurrence and development is closes. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), as a regulatory factor of various biological functions, can be used for cancer diagnosis. Our study aimed to construct a robust methylation-related lncRNA signature of LUAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we download the RNA expression data and clinical information of LUAD cases. To develop the best prognostic signature based on methylation-related lncRNAs, Cox regression analyses were utilized. Using Kaplan–Meier analysis, overall survival rates were compared between risk category included both low- and high-risk patients. To categorize genes according to their functional significance, GSEA (Subramanian et al, 2005) was used. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to further reveal the potential molecular mechanism of the methylation-related lncRNA prognostic model in immune infiltration. Using TRLnc (http://www.licpathway.net/TRlnc) and lncRNASNP to analyse the SNP sites and TRLnc of these 18 lncRNAs. LncSEA website was used to analyse 18 lncRNA in the process of tumour development and development. Go was used to analyse the enriched pathways enriched by TFs (transcription factors), Cerna networks, and proteins bound to each other of these 18 lncRNAs. The ‘prophetic’ package was used to analyse the value of this prognostic model in guiding personalized immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we identified 18 methylation-related lncRNAs (AP002761.1, AL118558.3, CH17-340M24.3, AL353150.1, AC004687.1, LINC00996, AF186192.1, HSPC324, AC087752.3, FAM30A, AC106047.1, AC026355.1, ABALON, LINC01843, AL606489.1, NKILA, AP001453.2, GSEC) to establish a methylation-related lncRNA signature that can detect patients prognosis in LUAD. The enriched pathways enriched by proteins interacting with 18 lncRNAs are mainly EMT, hypoxia, stemness and proliferation, among which LINC00996 and AF186192.1 are regulated by multiple tumour associated transcription factors, such as TP53 and TP63, and fam30a and mRNA form a Cerna network. There are 2319 SNP loci in LINC00996, 36 of which are risk SNP loci and 205 SNP loci in af186192.1; AF186192.1 affects 95 conserved miRNAs and 123 non-conserved miRNAs, promotes the binding of 149 pairs of miRNAs: lncRNAs and inhibits the binding of 95 pairs of miRNAs: lncRNAs. The ROC curve demonstrated that the established methylation-related lncRNA signature was more effective in predicting the prognosis of patients in LUAD than the clinicopatholog","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.13753","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Frequency of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme D Allele in Asian Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis","authors":"Xiaozheng Wu,&nbsp;Wen Li,&nbsp;Zhenliang Luo,&nbsp;Yunzhi Chen","doi":"10.1111/crj.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At present, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism was considered to be associated to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the association between it and the risk of COPD in different ethnic groups is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to conduct an updated meta-analysis of the association between them; collect literatures published before 10 February 2023 by searching PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Chinese scientific databases; and display the analysis results by drawing forest plots. At the same time, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed to evaluate the stability and reliability of the results. In the overall population, the result of the DD versus II model showed the association with the risk of COPD ([OR] = 1.30, 95% CI [1.08, 1.56]), and there were no associations in other genetic models (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In Caucasians, the results of all genetic models showed no associations (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In Asians, the results of D versus I, DD versus II, and DD versus II + ID models showed the associations with the risk of COPD (D vs. I: [OR] = 1.48, 95% CI [1.14, 1.93]; DD vs. II: [OR] = 2.04, 95% CI [1.53, 2.72]; DD vs. II + ID: [OR] = 2.19, 95% CI [1.45, 3.29]), while the results of ID versus II and DD + ID versus II models showed no associations (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Therefore, the D allele and “DD” genotype variation of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism are associated with susceptibility to COPD in Asians but not in Caucasians.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Exome Sequencing and Experimental Validation Unveil the Roles of TMEM229A Q200del Mutation in Lung Adenocarcinoma","authors":"Yi-Xian Liang,&nbsp;Yan-Ping Xie,&nbsp;Huan-Ming Yu,&nbsp;Wen-Juan Zhu,&nbsp;Cheng-Yi Yin,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Dong,&nbsp;Xi-Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/crj.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the major histopathological types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including solid, acinar, lepidic, papillary and micropapillary subtypes. Increasing evidence has shown that micropapillary LUAD is positively associated with a higher percentage of driver gene mutations, a higher incidence of metastasis and a poorer prognosis, while lepidic LUAD has a relatively better prognosis. However, the novel genetic change and its underlying mechanism in the progression of micropapillary LUAD have not been exactly determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 181 patients with LUAD who underwent surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University from January 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled. Three predominant lepidic and three predominant micropapillary LUAD tissue samples were carried out using whole-exome sequencing. Comprehensive analysis of genomic variations and the difference between lepidic and micropapillary LUAD was performed. In addition, the <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del mutation was verified using our cohort and TCGA-LUAD datasets. The correlations between the <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del mutation and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with LUAD were further analyzed. The functions and mechanisms of <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del on NSCLC cell proliferation and migration were also determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequency of genomic changes in patients with micropapillary LUAD was higher than that in patients with lepidic LUAD. Mutations in <i>EGFR</i>, <i>ATXN2</i>, <i>C14orf180</i>, <i>MUC12</i>, <i>NOTCH1</i>, and <i>PKD1L2</i> were concomitantly detected in three predominant micropapillary and three predominant lepidic LUAD cases. The <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del mutation was only mutated in lepidic LUAD. Additionally, the <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del mutation had occurred in 16 (8.8%) patients, and not found <i>TMEM229A</i> R76H and M346T mutations in our cohort, while <i>TMEM229A</i> mutations (R76H, M346T, and Q200del) occurred only in 1.0% of the TCGA-LUAD cohort. Further correlation analysis between the <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del mutation and clinicopathological characteristics suggested that a lower frequency of the Q200del mutation was significantly associated with positive lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, positive cancer thrombus, and pathological features. Finally, overexpression of <i>TMEM229A</i> Q200del suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Mechanistically, overexpression of TMEM229A and TMEM229A Q200del both reduced the expression level of phosphorylated (p)-ERK a","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TFAP2A Activates S100A2 to Mediate Glutamine Metabolism and Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis","authors":"Tao Zeng,&nbsp;Wangsheng Ren,&nbsp;Hang Zeng,&nbsp;Dachun Wang,&nbsp;Xianyu Wu,&nbsp;Guo Xu","doi":"10.1111/crj.13825","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.13825","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a fatal disease with metabolic abnormalities. The dysregulation of S100 calcium-binding protein A2 (S100A2), a member of the S100 protein family, is connected to the development of various cancers. The impact of S100A2 on the LUAD occurrence and metastasis, however, has not yet been reported. The functional mechanism of S100A2 on LUAD cell metastasis was examined in this article.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The expression of TFAP2A and S100A2 in LUAD tissues and cells was analyzed by bioinformatics and qRT-PCR, respectively. The enrichment pathway analysis was performed on S100A2. Bioinformatics analysis determined the binding relationship between TFAP2A and S100A2, and their interaction was validated through dual-luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. Cell viability was determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). A transwell assay was performed to analyze the invasion and migration of cells. Immunofluorescence was conducted to obtain vimentin and E-cadherin expression, and a western blot was used to detect the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, GLS, and GLUD1. The kits measured the NADPH/NADP ratio, glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels, and the contents of glutamine, α-KG, and glutamate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>S100A2 was upregulated in LUAD tissues and cells, and S100A2 mediated glutamine metabolism to induce LUAD metastasis. Additionally, the transcriptional regulator TFAP2A was discovered upstream of S100A2, and TFAP2A expression was upregulated in LUAD, which indicated that TFAP2A promoted the S100A2 expression. The rescue experiment found that upregulation of S100A2 could reverse the inhibitory effects of silencing TFAP2A on glutamine metabolism and cell metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, by regulating glutamine metabolism, the TFAP2A/S100A2 axis facilitated LUAD metastasis. This suggested that targeting S100A2 could be beneficial for LUAD treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Accuracy Assessment: Responses to Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia-Related Questions by Different Artificial Intelligence Tools","authors":"Shuang Li","doi":"10.1111/crj.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the rapid development of socio-economic technology, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in daily life. When discussing AI, it is inevitable to mention ChatGPT, a language model based on AI technology. Pretrained on extensive language data, ChatGPT can perform various natural language processing tasks, including dialog generation. In addition, similar large language models include the intelligent assistant Kimi launched by Beijing Lunar Tech and the chatbot ERNIE developed by Baidu, among others.</p><p><i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia, caused by infection with <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>, refers to inflammation of the lungs that can affect the bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and interstitial tissue. It can occur at any age but is more common in children aged 5 and above, as well as in immunocompromised individuals (such as the elderly, immunodeficient individuals, or patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy). The course of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia is generally 1–2 weeks, with a favorable prognosis and no sequelae in most cases. However, a small number of cases can develop into severe conditions, primarily presenting with symptoms of respiratory distress and respiratory failure. These severe cases are often associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome, plastic bronchitis affecting the large airways, diffuse bronchiolitis, and severe pulmonary embolism. In rare instances, severe extrapulmonary complications may be the main manifestations. Given the prevalence of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> infection in China, we sought to understand whether ChatGPT could contribute to a better understanding of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia. We selected 13 questions that are most commonly asked by patients in clinical practice and posed them to ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Kimi, and ERNIE. Each question was run five times. Then we invited nine experts with extensive clinical experience and knowledge of Mycoplasma pneumonia to rate the accuracy of the answers. Among them, there were four respiratory specialists and five pediatric specialists, with five from our hospital and four from other hospitals. The scoring criteria were as follows: score = 0: completely incorrect; score &lt; 6: inaccurate; 6 ≤ score &lt; 8: mostly accurate; 8 ≤ score &lt; 10: very accurate; score = 10: completely accurate. The final results were ChatGPT 3.5 8.46 ± 0.80, ChatGPT 4.0 7.05 ± 1.16, Kimi 8.62 ± 0.68, and ERNIE 9.33 ± 0.30. In descending order of accuracy, they were ERNIE, Kimi, ChatGPT 3.5, and ChatGPT 4.0.</p><p>We compared the answers provided by ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4.0, ERNIE, and Kimi regarding Mycoplasma pneumonia and found that their accuracy ranked from the highest to the lowest as ERNIE, Kimi, ChatGPT 3.5, and ChatGPT 4.0, with ERNIE achieving the highest accuracy. Although ERNIE performed the best among the four AI models with more comprehensive answers, it still exhibited some answers with noticeable error","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Overweight Patients With Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD)","authors":"Yuxin Gong,&nbsp;Fawang Du,&nbsp;Yu Yao,&nbsp;Hanchao Wang,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Wang,&nbsp;Wei Xiong,&nbsp;Qin Wang,&nbsp;Gaoyan He,&nbsp;Linlin Chen,&nbsp;Heng Du,&nbsp;Juan Yang,&nbsp;Brent A. Bauer,&nbsp;Zhongruo Wang,&nbsp;Huojin Deng,&nbsp;Tao Zhu","doi":"10.1111/crj.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/crj.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low body weight in patients with COPD is associated with a poor prognosis and more comorbidities. However, the impact of increased body weight in patients with COPD remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features of overweight patients with AECOPD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter cross-sectional study, a total of 647 AECOPD patients were recruited. Finally, 269 normal weight and 162 overweight patients were included. Baseline characteristics and clinical and laboratory data were collected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to determine potential features, which were substituted into binary logistic regression to reveal overweight-associated clinical features. The nomogram and its associated curves were established to visualize and verify the logistic regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six potential overweight-associated variables were selected by LASSO regression. Subsequently, a binary logistic regression model identified that the rates of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension and levels of lymphocytes (LYM)%, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were independent variables of overweight in AECOPD patients. The C-index and AUC of the ROC curve of the nomogram were 0.671 and 0.666, respectively. The DCA curve revealed that the nomogram had more clinical benefits if the threshold was at a range of 0.22~0.78.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collectively, we revealed that T2DM and hypertension were more common, and LYM% and ALT were higher in AECOPD patients with overweight than those with normal weight. The result suggests that AECOPD patients with overweight are at risk for additional comorbidities, potentially leading to worse outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}