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Plankton biogeography in the 21st century and impacts of climate change: advances through genomics. 21世纪浮游生物生物地理学与气候变化的影响：基因组学进展。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.107
Paul Frémont, Marion Gehlen, Olivier Jaillon
{"title":"Plankton biogeography in the 21st century and impacts of climate change: advances through genomics.","authors":"Paul Frémont,&nbsp;Marion Gehlen,&nbsp;Olivier Jaillon","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.107","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article summarizes recent advances in our knowledge of plankton biogeography obtained by genomic approaches and the impacts of global warming on it. Large-scale comparison of the genomic content of samples of different plankton size fractions revealed a partitioning of the oceans into genomic provinces and the impact of major oceanic currents on them. By defining ecological niches, these provinces are extrapolated to all oceans, with the exception of the Arctic Ocean. By the end of the 21st century, a major restructuring of these provinces is projected in response to a high emission greenhouse gas scenario over 50% of the surface of the studied oceans. Such a restructuring could lead to a decrease in export production by 4%. Finally, obtaining assembled sequences of a large number of plankton genomes defining this biogeography has allowed to better characterize the genomic content of the provinces and to identify the species structuring them. These genomes similarly enabled a better description of potential future changes of plankton communities under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"346 ","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phylogenomics reveal that plants colonized land together with their fungal symbiotic partners. 系统发育基因组学揭示了植物与其真菌共生伙伴一起在陆地上定居。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.105
Mélanie Rich
{"title":"Phylogenomics reveal that plants colonized land together with their fungal symbiotic partners.","authors":"Mélanie Rich","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.105","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most extant land plants establish a mutually beneficial relationship with soil fungi called mycorrhizal symbiosis. From their partners, plants get access to mineral nutrient and water resources transported via a fungal network that acts like an extension of their root systems. Using genetic and molecular tools, we showed that distant plant species use similar molecular mechanisms during the symbiosis. This similarity suggests that those mechanisms were inherited from their last common ancestor, a lineage that emerged from an aquatic environment 450 million years ago. Thus, this plant fungal interaction could have helped the first land plants without structures adapted to soil exploration to survive and colonize this new environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"346 ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9544708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new giant bacterium reminiscent of eukaryotes. 一种新的巨型细菌，使人联想到真核生物。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.87
Patrick Berche
{"title":"A new giant bacterium reminiscent of eukaryotes.","authors":"Patrick Berche","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.87","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.87","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"39-42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Constraints and frustration in the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway. 网格蛋白依赖性内吞途径的限制和挫折。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.88
Julie Bruna-Gauchoux, Guillaume Montagnac
{"title":"Constraints and frustration in the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway.","authors":"Julie Bruna-Gauchoux,&nbsp;Guillaume Montagnac","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.88","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clathrin-dependent endocytosis is the major pathway for the entry of most surface receptors and their ligands. It is controlled by clathrin-coated structures that are endowed with the ability to cluster receptors and locally bend the plasma membrane, leading to the formation of receptor-containing vesicles budding into the cytoplasm. This canonical role of clathrin-coated structures has been repeatedly demonstrated to play a fundamental role in a wide range of aspects of cell physiology. However, it is now clearly established that the ability of clathrin-coated structures to bend the membrane can be disrupted. In addition to chemical or genetic alterations, many environmental conditions can physically prevent or slow membrane deformation and/or budding of clathrin-coated structures. The resulting frustrated endocytosis is not only a passive consequence but serves very specific and important cellular functions. Here we provide a historical perspective as well as a definition of frustrated endocytosis in the clathrin pathway before describing its causes and many functional consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Huntington's disease and brain development. 亨廷顿舞蹈症和大脑发育
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.93
Sandrine Humbert, Monia Barnat
{"title":"Huntington's disease and brain development.","authors":"Sandrine Humbert,&nbsp;Monia Barnat","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Huntington's disease is a rare inherited neurological disorder that generally manifests in mild-adulthood. The disease is characterized by the dysfunction and the degeneration of specific brain structures leading progressively to psychiatric, cognitive and motor disorders. The disease is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for huntingtin and, although it appears in adulthood, embryos carry the mutated gene from their development in utero. Studies based on mouse models and human stem cells have reported altered developmental mechanisms in disease conditions. However, does the mutation affect development in humans? Focusing on the early stages of brain development in human fetuses carrying the HD mutation, we have identified abnormalities in the development of the neocortex, the structure that ensure higher cerebral functions. Altogether, these studies suggests that developmental defects could contribute to the onset symptoms in adults, changing the perspective on disease and thus the health care of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"77-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10794873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Plasmodium vivax blood stage invasion pathways: Contribution of omics technologies in deciphering molecular and cellular mechanisms. 间日疟原虫血期侵袭途径:组学技术在破译分子和细胞机制中的贡献。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.95
Isabelle Bouyssou, Francisco José Martínez, Pascal Campagne, Laurence Ma, Cécile Doderer-Lang, Chetan E Chitnis, Didier Ménard
{"title":"<i>Plasmodium vivax</i> blood stage invasion pathways: Contribution of omics technologies in deciphering molecular and cellular mechanisms.","authors":"Isabelle Bouyssou,&nbsp;Francisco José Martínez,&nbsp;Pascal Campagne,&nbsp;Laurence Ma,&nbsp;Cécile Doderer-Lang,&nbsp;Chetan E Chitnis,&nbsp;Didier Ménard","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vivax malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium vivax, a parasitic protozoan transmitted by female Anopheline mosquitoes. Historically, vivax malaria has often been regarded as a benign self-limiting infection due to the observation of low parasitemia in Duffy-positive patients in endemic transmission areas and the virtual absence of infections in Duffy-negative individuals in Sub Saharan Africa. However, the latest estimates show that the burden of the disease is not decreasing in many countries and cases of vivax infections in Duffy-negative individuals are increasingly reported throughout Africa. This raised questions about the accuracy of diagnostics and the evolution of interactions between humans and parasites. For a long time, our knowledge on P. vivax biology has been hampered due to the limited access to biological material and the lack of robust in vitro culture methods. Consequently, little is currently known about P. vivax blood stage invasion mechanisms. The introduction of omics technologies with novel and accessible techniques such as third generation sequencing and RNA sequencing at single cell level, two-dimensional electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry, has progressively improved our understanding of P. vivax genetics, transcripts, and proteins. This review aims to provide broad insights into P. vivax invasion mechanisms generated by genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics and to illustrate the importance of integrated multi-omics studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"91-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Paleoanthropology of cognition: an overview on Hominins brain evolution. 古人类认知学:古人类大脑进化综述。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.92
Jean-Jacques Hublin, Jean-Pierre Changeux
{"title":"Paleoanthropology of cognition: an overview on Hominins brain evolution.","authors":"Jean-Jacques Hublin,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Changeux","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in neurobiology, paleontology, and paleogenetics allow us to associate changes in brain size and organization with three main \"moments\" of increased behavioral complexity and, more speculatively, language development. First, Australopiths display a significant increase in brain size relative to the great apes and an incipient extension of postnatal brain development. However, their cortical organization remains essentially similar to that of apes. Second, over the last 2 My, with two notable exceptions, brain size increases dramatically, partly in relation to changes in body size. Differential enlargements and reorganizations of cortical areas lay the foundation for the \"language-ready\" brain and cumulative culture of later Homo species. Third, in Homo sapiens, brain size remains fairly stable over the last 300,000 years but an important cerebral reorganization takes place. It affects the frontal and temporal lobes, the parietal areas and the cerebellum and resulted in a more globular shape of the brain. These changes are associated, among others, with an increased development of long-distance-horizontal-connections. A few regulatory genetic events took place in the course of this hominization process with, in particular, enhanced neuronal proliferation and global brain connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"57-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Restored vision-augmented vision: arguments for a cybernetic vision. 恢复视觉-增强视觉:对控制论视觉的论证。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.102
Jean-Louis de Bougrenet de la Tocnaye
{"title":"Restored vision-augmented vision: arguments for a cybernetic vision.","authors":"Jean-Louis de Bougrenet de la Tocnaye","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present some thoughts about the recent developments, made possible by technological advances and miniaturisation of connected visual prostheses, linked to the visual system, operating at different level of this one, on the retina as well as in the visual cortex. While these objects represent a great hope for people with impaired vision to recover partial vision, we show how this technology could also act on the functional vision of well sighted persons to improve or increase their visual performance. In addition to the impact on our cognitive and attentional mechanisms, such an operation when it originates outside the natural real visual field (e.g. cybernetics) raises a number of questions about the development and use of such implants or prostheses in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"135-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Divide and connect: divorce by mutual consent, keeping in touch by desideratum. 分而联系:双方同意离婚，保持联系。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.79
Emmanuelle M Bayer
{"title":"Divide and connect: divorce by mutual consent, keeping in touch by desideratum.","authors":"Emmanuelle M Bayer","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell division is fundamental for living organisms, sustaining their growth and development. During cell division a single mother cell will duplicate its genome and organelles, and give rise to two independent entities that will eventually split apart in a tightly regulated process called abscission or the final-cut. In multicellular organisms, newly born daughter cells split apart while they simultaneously need to maintain contact for intercellular communication. In this mini-review, I discuss this fascinating paradox of how cells across kingdoms combine the need to divide with the need to connect.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Light-driven processes: key players of the functional biodiversity in microalgae. 光驱动过程:微藻功能生物多样性的关键参与者。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.80
Angela Falciatore, Benjamin Bailleul, Alix Boulouis, Jean-Pierre Bouly, Sandrine Bujaldon, Soizic Cheminant-Navarro, Yves Choquet, Catherine de Vitry, Stephan Eberhard, Marianne Jaubert, Richard Kuras, Ingrid Lafontaine, Sophie Landier, Julien Selles, Olivier Vallon, Katia Wostrikoff
{"title":"Light-driven processes: key players of the functional biodiversity in microalgae.","authors":"Angela Falciatore,&nbsp;Benjamin Bailleul,&nbsp;Alix Boulouis,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Bouly,&nbsp;Sandrine Bujaldon,&nbsp;Soizic Cheminant-Navarro,&nbsp;Yves Choquet,&nbsp;Catherine de Vitry,&nbsp;Stephan Eberhard,&nbsp;Marianne Jaubert,&nbsp;Richard Kuras,&nbsp;Ingrid Lafontaine,&nbsp;Sophie Landier,&nbsp;Julien Selles,&nbsp;Olivier Vallon,&nbsp;Katia Wostrikoff","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.80","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae are prominent aquatic organisms, responsible for about half of the photosynthetic activity on Earth. Over the past two decades, breakthroughs in genomics and ecosystem biology, as well as the development of genetic resources in model species, have redrawn the boundaries of our knowledge on the relevance of these microbes in global ecosystems. However, considering their vast biodiversity and complex evolutionary history, our comprehension of algal biology remains limited. As algae rely on light, both as their main source of energy and for information about their environment, we focus here on photosynthesis, photoperception, and chloroplast biogenesis in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and marine diatoms. We describe how the studies of light-driven processes are key to assessing functional biodiversity in evolutionary distant microalgae. We also emphasize that integration of laboratory and environmental studies, and dialogues between different scientific communities are both timely and essential to understand the life of phototrophs in complex ecosystems and to properly assess the consequences of environmental changes on aquatic environments globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"345 2","pages":"15-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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