Comptes Rendus Biologies最新文献_第3页

Species abundance, urn models, and neutrality. 物种丰度、瓮模型和中性。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.162

Jerome Chave

{"title":"Species abundance, urn models, and neutrality.","authors":"Jerome Chave","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.162","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.162","url":null,"abstract":"The neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography has stimulated much research in community ecology. Here, exact results are used to apply neutral model predictions to large regional samples. Three complementary neutral models are presented: the Ewens canonical neutral model, a model of subdivided ecological communities, and a “diversity begets diversity” neutral model. For all three models, an exact sampling formula is provided, and a new R package neutr, is presented. This package is used to fit species abundances from regional inventories of tropical forest trees in the Amazon, tropical Africa and Southeast Asia. It is shown that the neutral models fit well empirical data for all but the few most abundant species (from 6 to 40 depending on the continent). When the parameter θ is taken as an index or regional diversity, the Amazonia and Southeast Asia emerge with similar regional diversities (θ = 654 for Amazonia, versus θ = 726 for Southeast Asia), with a less diverse tropical African tree flora (θ = 219). The model infers 10,141 tree species with at least 50 individuals in Amazonia, 3477 in tropical Africa and 9915 in Southeast Asia. The spatially subdivided neutral model provides clear evidence for a spatial substructure in all three regional floras. These results show how neutral models are useful to explore regional patterns of species abundance and to provide insights about regional species pools.","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"347 ","pages":"119-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incomplete divisions between sister germline cells require Usp8 function. 姐妹生殖细胞之间的不完全分裂需要 Usp8 的功能。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.161

Juliette Mathieu, Jean-René Huynh

引用次数: 0

[Evolution of plant mating systems in the face of global change]. [面对全球变化植物交配系统的进化]。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.160

Pierre-Olivier Cheptou

{"title":"[Evolution of plant mating systems in the face of global change].","authors":"Pierre-Olivier Cheptou","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.160","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.160","url":null,"abstract":"Beyond species extinction, it is likely that global change modifies selection regimes in natural populations. Whereas the classical Darwinian paradigm considers evolution as a slow process, it is now accepted that populations can evolve rapidly, in a few dozen generations. Plant-pollinator relationship is a central relationship in terrestrial ecosystems and the current pollinator decline can potentially disrupt this relationship. In this paper, we explore the possibility that reproductive systems in plants evolve in the face of pollinator decline. Using the case of a recent resurrection ecology study in Viola arvensis, the field pansy, we show that the evolution of a self-fertilization syndrome, and thus the breakdown of the plant-pollinator interaction, is in progress. Beyond the species itself, the evolution of reproductive regimes in plants involves relationships between species (pollinators and higher trophic levels). Thus, this example illustrates that global change is likely to affect biodiversity at different scales: from populations (Darwinian evolution) to ecosystem functions (relationships between species). This study shows that evolutionary processes modify the functioning of ecological systems and, where applicable, the related ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"347 ","pages":"95-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dangerous biology of pathogenic germs. 病原菌的危险生物学

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.157

Patrick Berche

引用次数: 0

Shedding light on the unseen: how live imaging of translation could unlock new insights in developmental biology. 揭示看不见的世界：翻译的实时成像如何开启发育生物学的新视角。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.158

Jeremy Dufourt, Maelle Bellec

引用次数: 0

Tribute to Roger Guillemin, a pioneer in neuroendocrinology (1924-2024), Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 向诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者、神经内分泌学先驱罗杰-吉列明（1924-2024 年）致敬。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.156

Christiane Mougin, Jean Rossier, Bertrand Bloch

引用次数: 0

[Mitohormesis: a key driver of the therapy resistance in cancer cells]. [丝裂细胞生成：癌细胞耐药性的关键驱动因素】。］

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.154

Emeline Boët, Estelle Saland, Sarah Skuli, Emmanuel Griessinger, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry

引用次数: 0

Exploring the maternal inheritance transmitted by the oocyte to its progeny. 探索卵母细胞传给后代的母性遗传。

IF 0.7 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.155

Marie-Hélène Verlhac

{"title":"Exploring the maternal inheritance transmitted by the oocyte to its progeny.","authors":"Marie-Hélène Verlhac","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.155","DOIUrl":"10.5802/crbiol.155","url":null,"abstract":"Fertility is declining worldwide and many couples are turning towards assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to conceive babies. Organisms that propagate via sexual reproduction often come from the fusion between two gametes, an oocyte and a sperm, whose qualities seem to be decreasing in the human species. Interestingly, while the sperm mostly transmits its haploid genome, the oocyte transmits not only its haploid set of chromosomes but also its huge cytoplasm to its progeny. This is what can be defined as the maternal inheritance composed of chromosomes, organelles, lipids, metabolites, proteins and RNAs. To decipher the decline in oocyte quality, it is essential to explore the nature of the maternal inheritance, and therefore study the last stages of murine oogenesis, namely the end of oocyte growth followed by the two meiotic divisions. These divisions are extremely asymmetric in terms of the size of the daughter cells, allowing to preserve the maternal inheritance accumulated during oocyte growth within these huge cells to support early embryo development. Studies performed in Marie-Hélène Verlhac's lab have allowed to discover the unprecedented impact of original acto-myosin based mechanisms in the constitution as well as the preservation of this maternal inheritance and the consequences when these processes go awry.","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"347 ","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular complexity of quantitative immunity in plants: from QTL mapping to functional and systems biology. 植物定量免疫的分子复杂性：从 QTL 图谱到功能和系统生物学。

IF 2 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.153

Carine Chauveau, Dominique Roby

{"title":"Molecular complexity of quantitative immunity in plants: from QTL mapping to functional and systems biology.","authors":"Carine Chauveau, Dominique Roby","doi":"10.5802/crbiol.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5802/crbiol.153","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, plants defend themselves against pathogen attack by activating an arsenal of defense mechanisms. During the last decades, work mainly focused on the understanding of qualitative disease resistance mediated by a few genes conferring an almost complete resistance, while quantitative disease resistance (QDR) remains poorly understood despite the fact that it represents the predominant and more durable form of resistance in natural populations and crops. Here, we review our past and present work on the dissection of the complex mechanisms underlying QDR in Arabidopsis thaliana. The strategies, main steps and challenges of our studies related to one atypical QDR gene, RKS1 (Resistance related KinaSe 1), are presented. First, from genetic analyses by QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus) mapping and GWAs (Genome Wide Association studies), the identification, cloning and functional analysis of this gene have been used as a starting point for the exploration of the multiple and coordinated pathways acting together to mount the QDR response dependent on RKS1. Identification of RKS1 protein interactors and complexes was a first step, systems biology and reconstruction of protein networks were then used to decipher the molecular roadmap to the immune responses controlled by RKS1. Finally, exploration of the potential impact of key components of the RKS1-dependent gene network on leaf microbiota offers interesting and challenging perspectives to decipher how the plant immune systems interact with the microbial communities' systems.","PeriodicalId":55231,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Biologies","volume":"347 ","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[What Charles Darwin owed to Joseph Banks]. [查尔斯-达尔文欠约瑟夫-班克斯的】。］

IF 2 4区生物学

Comptes Rendus Biologies Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.152

Hervé Le Guyader

引用次数: 0