Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Women's ignorance and misperception of cervical cancer: Evidence-based analysis from low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Balraj Sudha ,&nbsp;Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar ,&nbsp;Sundaravadivelu Sumathi","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in low- and mid-income countries. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on cervical cancer, HPV infection, and HPV vaccination accumulated over the past decade (2015-2024), highlighting disparities in awareness and prevention strategies globally. Education level correlates with HPV vaccine awareness, yet mere familiarity with cervical cancer doesn't ensure understanding of its severity. Notably, prevention measures, including screening and HPV testing, varied significantly across countries during this period. To enhance HPV vaccine uptake moving forward, targeted efforts are necessary to educate women, particularly in low- and mid-income countries, about HPV risks as a sexually transmitted disease and the availability of affordable vaccines in government clinics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering glioblastoma: Unveiling imaging markers for predicting MGMT promoter methylation status","authors":"Eric Hexem ,&nbsp;Taha Abd-ElSalam Ashraf Taha ,&nbsp;Yaseen Dhemesh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aneel Baqar ,&nbsp;Ayman Nada","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults, is also among the most lethal. Despite a comprehensive treatment approach which utilizes surgery and postoperative chemoradiation, prognosis typically remains dismal. However certain epigenetic modifications, such as methylation of the MGMT promoter, have been proven to correlate with improved post-treatment outcomes. The 2021 WHO classification emphasizes molecular characteristics, highlighting shared genomic alterations across different grades and positioning MGMT methylation as a key influencer of outcomes. A combined diagnostic approach involving current imaging technology and emerging radiomics and deep learning models may allow for timely and accurate prediction of MGMT methylation status and therefore earlier and more individualized treatment and prognostication. Though these advanced radiomics models are rapidly emerging, additional development, standardization, and implementation may lead to a higher and more individualized level of patient care. This review explores the potential of imaging features in predicting MGMT promoter methylation, a critical determinant of therapeutic response and patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring patient stratification in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using machine learning techniques: Preliminary results","authors":"Giovanni Lilloni ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Perlangeli ,&nbsp;Francesca Noci ,&nbsp;Silvano Ferrari ,&nbsp;Alessandro Dal Palù ,&nbsp;Tito Poli","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its inherent heterogeneity. Traditional staging systems, such as TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis), provide limited information regarding patient outcomes and treatment responses. There is a need for a more robust system to improve patient stratification.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this study, we utilized advanced statistical techniques to explore patient stratification beyond the limitations of TNM staging. A comprehensive dataset, including clinical, radiomic, genomic, and pathological data, was analyzed. The methodology involved correlation analysis of variable pairs and triples, followed by clustering techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that HNSCC subpopulations exhibit distinct characteristics, which challenge the conventional one-size-fits-all approach.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the potential for personalized treatment strategies based on comprehensive patient profiling, offering a pathway towards more individualized therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current landscape of targeted therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Amane Jubashi ,&nbsp;Daisuke Kotani ,&nbsp;Takashi Kojima ,&nbsp;Naoko Takebe ,&nbsp;Kohei Shitara","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide and is primarily categorized into adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with the predominant histological type varying by region. In Western countries, including the United States, adenocarcinoma is more prevalent, whereas in East Asian countries, SCC is more common, with it constituting 86% of cases in Japan. Although there has been an increasing trend of adenocarcinoma in Western populations, SCC still accounts for the majority of esophageal cancer cases globally. Cytotoxic chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment, however, targeted therapies including EGFR, FGFR, PI3K, or CDK4/6, despite showing preliminary efficacy signals, have not yet received regulatory approval. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown therapeutic efficacy and have been approved as a monotherapy or combination therapy for advanced esophageal SCC (ESCC). Although PD-L1 expression is the only clinically applicable biomarker for first-line therapy with ICIs in ESCC, responses to ICIs are various, and novel predictive biomarkers are under investigation. Furthermore, novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) hold promise for advanced ESCC. This review includes the current landscape and future perspectives of potential targeted therapy for advanced ESCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term clinical outcomes after the second metastasectomy in patients with resected metastatic colorectal cancer","authors":"Songji Choi ,&nbsp;Minsu Kang ,&nbsp;Ji-Won Kim ,&nbsp;Jin Won Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Hyun Jeon ,&nbsp;Heung-Kwon Oh ,&nbsp;Hae Won Lee ,&nbsp;Jai Young Cho ,&nbsp;Duck-Woo Kim ,&nbsp;Sukki Cho ,&nbsp;Jee Hyun Kim ,&nbsp;Kwhanmien Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Bum Kang ,&nbsp;Sanghoon Jheon ,&nbsp;Keun-Wook Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Primary tumor resection and metastasectomy are curative for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, there is still a paucity of data regarding the clinical outcomes and risk factors after disease recurrence and second metastasectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent the second metastasectomy. In addition, risk factors for the outcomes were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 94 patients (39 females and 55 males) received a second metastasectomy after the recurrence. Recurrent sites included the lung (47 patients), liver (36 patients), both lung and liver (four patients), and non-lung/non-liver (seven patients). Among them, 89 (94.7 %) patients achieved R0 resection, while three (3.2 %) and two (2.1 %) patients achieved R1 and R2 resections, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 42.8±5.3 % and 67.2±4.9 %, respectively. Multivariable analysis for DFS identified that primary rectal cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 0.45, P=0.033) and disease-free interval after the first metastasectomy of ≥12 months (HR 0.39, P=0.002) were good predictive factors; in contrast, non-lung/non-liver metastasis (HR 3.32, P=0.020) was a poor predictive factor. Multivariable analysis for OS showed that age ≥70 years (HR 3.27, P=0.011), non-lung/non-liver metastasis (HR 4.04, P=0.024), and lesion number ≥2 (HR 2.25, P=0.023) were poor prognostic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients who underwent a second metastasectomy had a long-term disease-free state and good OS. Our data suggest that a second metastasectomy should be considered if a patient has a limited number of metastases confined to the liver and/or lung and long DFS after the first metastasectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state of proton radiotherapy","authors":"Colton Powers,&nbsp;Erin Kaya,&nbsp;Andrew Bertinetti,&nbsp;Arthur Hung","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiotherapy is indicated for nearly all cancers and at all stages in one form or another. More than half of all cancer patients are treated with radiation at some point in their cancer treatment. Conventional X-ray (photon) based radiotherapy does have a number of physical limitations which were theorized to be overcome by instead employing proton based radiotherapy. The late 1990s and early 2000s saw a rapid adoption in proton therapy as many speculated a greatly improved therapeutic window compared with photon therapy. Only a few randomized clinical trials have been reported, but to-date proton therapy has not shown to improve cancer control metrics. There is improved treatment related toxicity which may be clinically meaningful in some scenarios, but further expansion and wide spread utilization of the technology may be drastically limited by the substantially higher start up and operational costs of a proton center. Nonetheless, proton therapy may be beneficial in select scenarios which warrant individualized consideration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based pathological application to predict regional lymph node metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer","authors":"Dawei Sun ,&nbsp;Huichao Li ,&nbsp;Yaozong Wang ,&nbsp;Dayuan Li ,&nbsp;Di Xu ,&nbsp;Zhoujing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a model for predicting lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer was trained using pathology images from the TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) public dataset of papillary thyroid cancer, and a front-end inference model was trained using our center's dataset based on the concept of probabilistic propagation of nodes in graph neural networks. Effectively predicting whether a tumor will spread to regional lymph nodes using a single pathological image is the capacity of the model described above. This study demonstrates that regional lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer are a common and predictable occurrence, providing valuable ideas for future research. Now we publish the above research process and code for further study by other researchers, and we also make the above inference algorithm public at the URL: http:// thyroid-diseases-research.com/, with the hope that other researchers will validate it and provide us with ideas or datasets for further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four versus six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced Urothelial carcinoma in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective cohort study (FOCUS, KCSG-GU23-08)","authors":"Kwonoh Park ,&nbsp;Eo Jin Kim ,&nbsp;Jin Young Kim ,&nbsp;Hyojeong Kim ,&nbsp;Inkeun Park ,&nbsp;Joo-Hwan Park ,&nbsp;Byeong Seok Sohn ,&nbsp;Hyo Jin Lee ,&nbsp;Jungmin Jo ,&nbsp;Seok Jae Huh ,&nbsp;Jae Lyun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the survival outcomes of four versus six cycles of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBCT) in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>Patients with histologically confirmed advanced UC were allocated to either the 4-cycle PBCT (C4) or 6-cycle PBCT (C6) groups and retrospectively analyzed. After the planned cycles, active surveillance was conducted every 6–8 weeks, followed by second-line treatments, including ICIs, upon progression. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 161 patients initiated with PBCT between September 2016 and February 2023, 27 were deemed ineligible, leaving 134 patients for analysis (C4, <em>n</em> = 58; C6, <em>n</em> = 77). Baseline characteristics, including cisplatin eligibility, were similar between the groups. With a median follow-up of 23.7 months (95 % confidence interval (CI), 20.3–27.1), no significant difference was observed in OS between the C6 and C4 groups (18.7 months vs. 17.0 months; hazard ratio (HR) 1.27, <em>P</em> = 0.343). In multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, initial presentation, metastatic lesion, and ECOG PS, no significant difference was observed between the C6 and C4 groups (HR 1.29, 95 % CI, 0.78–2.14, <em>P</em> = 0.315).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study showed that four cycles of PBCT do not differ from six cycles regarding OS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaplastic breast cancer: Experience with ifosfamide based chemotherapy","authors":"Nidhi Gupta ,&nbsp;Shifali Dogra ,&nbsp;Kislay Dimri ,&nbsp;Awadhesh Kumar Pandey ,&nbsp;Jesu Susan Jose ,&nbsp;RS Punia","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Metaplastic breast cancer (MPBC) is a rare variant of breast cancer and most treatment protocols are based on the guidelines for triple negative breast cancer. However, response to standard anthracycline and taxane based chemotherapy is poor. Published literature on use of ifosfamide based chemotherapy in the first line setting for MPBC is scarce.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>We carried out this record based analysis on MPBC patients treated at our institute with the combination of ifosfamide and Adriamycin (IA) as first line therapy. Patients were analysed for the clinical and demographic profile; pathology and treatment details; and treatment outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four patients who received IA chemotherapy were evaluated. Three of the four patients were postmenopausal. The median size of the tumor was 7.5 cm, only one patient had a heavy nodal burden and lung was the most common site of metastases seen in all three patients with metastatic disease. Pathology showed heterogenous, mixed histology with high grade tumors. All patients had triple negative tumors. All four patients underwent mastectomy and received IA chemotherapy as per standard doses. One patient had complete response, one had partial response and one patient progressed after 4 cycles of chemotherapy. The patient with localized disease continues to be disease free till date. Grade 3,4 neutropenia and grade 2 anemia was the most common chemotherapy related toxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The response rates in MPBC with IA regimen appear to be similar to the currently used anthracycline-taxane combinations, with slightly more haematological toxicity. Ifosfamide and adriamycin regimen may be considered in MPBC patients as primary or salvage systemic therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00078-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00078-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027224000783/pdfft?md5=9db5d3189d1105a34bd305df63288304&pid=1-s2.0-S0147027224000783-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}