Depression and Anxiety最新文献

{"title":"Feeding Patterns and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Parenting Self-Efficacy","authors":"Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Yuhang Xie,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Yin,&nbsp;Yanhong Gong","doi":"10.1155/da/2748707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/2748707","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Objective:</b> The mechanisms underlying the association between breastfeeding and postpartum depressive symptoms remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between maternal feeding patterns and postpartum depressive symptoms and investigated the mediating role of parenting self-efficacy (PSE).</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> A prospective longitudinal survey of 708 mothers was conducted from September 2018 to August 2020. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between feeding patterns and postpartum depressive symptoms and the effect of PSE.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Breastfeeding mothers experienced milder depressive symptoms and higher PSE than women who did not breastfeed. The structural equation modeling results showed a direct effect of feeding patterns on postpartum depressive symptoms and an indirect effect of postpartum depressive symptoms through PSE.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Feeding patterns affected postpartum depression through PSE, which enhanced the favorable effects of breastfeeding in preventing postpartum depression and protecting maternal mental health. Future measures aimed at optimizing PSE will not only help prevent postpartum depression but also contribute to further promoting the psychological health and resilience of breastfeeding women.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/2748707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Identification and Management of Subthreshold Depression and Anxiety in Primary Care for People With Long-Term Conditions","authors":"Patrick Cabasag,&nbsp;Frederick Sundram,&nbsp;Amy Chan,&nbsp;Kebede Beyene,&nbsp;Lauren Shepherd,&nbsp;Jeff Harrison","doi":"10.1155/da/9497509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/9497509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Subthreshold depression (sDep) and anxiety (sAnx) are common conditions and are associated with significant suffering, impaired functioning, increased healthcare utilisation and economic costs. Furthermore, they are risk factors for crossing the clinical threshold and developing mental health disorders. Subthreshold conditions are associated with long-term conditions (LTCs). This scoping review aimed to explore the identification and management of sDep and sAnx in primary care for patients with LTCs.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> We conducted a scoping review, following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched for articles prior to September 2023. We included studies written in English that were conducted among the adult population. All studies that aimed to identify and manage sDep and anxiety in patients with LTC in primary care have been included.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Thirty-three articles were included in this scoping review, of which seven studies incorporated an intervention component for sDep and sAnx in patients with LTCs. A variety of definitions and screening tools were used to identify sDep and sAnx. Problem-solving therapy (PST) and behavioural activation (BA) were the most common intervention components and showed promising results.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Limitations:</b> We excluded studies that did not explicitly state the terms ’subthreshold’, ’subclinical’ or ’subsyndromal’ depression or anxiety which may be relevant.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> There is currently limited evidence regarding the identification and management of sDep and sAnx in patients with LTCs, warranting further research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/9497509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Determinants and Wealth-Related Inequality of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Among Reproductive-Aged Women (15–49 Years) in Nepal: An Analysis of Nationally Representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey Data 2022","authors":"Syed Toukir Ahmed Noor,&nbsp;Samin Yeasar,&nbsp;Sazid Siddique,&nbsp;Rajon Banik,&nbsp;Sahar Raza","doi":"10.1155/da/9942669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/9942669","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Mental health issues, particularly anxiety and depression, among women of reproductive age, remain a significant public health concern, yet comprehensive studies addressing these issues are limited in Nepal.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors and wealth-related inequality of anxiety and depression symptoms among women aged 15–49 years in Nepal.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> Data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2022 included 7410 women. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with anxiety, depression and combined symptoms. We also employed the concentration curve to assess wealth-related disparities with mental health outcomes.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Findings:</b> The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 5.4% (95% CI: 4.8% to 6.2%) and 7.5% (95% CI: 6.7% to 8.4%), respectively. Furthermore, 9.1% (95% CI: 8.2% to 10.1%) of the women experienced either condition, while 3.8% (95% CI: 3.3% to 4.4%) experienced both. Women with lower educational attainment, a higher number of children, unemployed partners, residents in rural areas and those living in Karnali province exhibited a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Women with limited mass media exposure were associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms. Additionally, women with tobacco habits demonstrated a significantly higher risk of depression. Finally, wealth-related inequality was evident; women with lower socioeconomic status were more vulnerable to anxiety and depression symptoms.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> The study highlights the need for targeted interventions addressing socio-economic determinants and lifestyle factors, including tobacco use, to mitigate the burden of anxiety and depression symptoms among women in Nepal.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/9942669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Causal Relationship Between Differential White Blood Cell Counts and Depression: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Ying Cao,&nbsp;Xuguang Li,&nbsp;Jing Gao,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Guoqian Zhang,&nbsp;Shen Li","doi":"10.1155/da/3131579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/3131579","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> The link between white blood cells (WBC) and depression has been studied, but the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the potential bidirectional causal links between six specific WBC count features and depression using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, leveraging summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).</p>\u0000 <p><b>Method:</b> The dataset on depression (<i>N</i> = 406,986) was sourced from the FinnGen database, while the dataset on WBC (<i>N</i> = 563,085) was obtained from a combined dataset of Blood Cell Consortium (BCX) and UK Biobank. The MR analyses employed include inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, contamination mixture method (conmix), and constrained maximum likelihood-based Mendelian randomization (cML-MA). A threshold <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 after false discovery rate (FDR) correction was set as the criterion for causality based on IVW.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Reverse MR analysis indicated a causal relationship where depression leads to an increase in overall WBC count (IVW beta = 0.031, <i>p</i> = 0.015, <i>p</i>_FDR = 0.044) and specifically in basophil count (IVW beta = 0.038, <i>p</i> = 0.006, <i>p</i>_FDR = 0.038), with a marginally significant impact on lymphocyte count (beta = 0.029, <i>p</i> = 0.036, <i>p</i>_FDR = 0.071). Furthermore, forward MR analysis suggested a potential role of monocyte count in decreasing depression risk (<i>p</i> = 0.028), though this association did not retain statistical significance after FDR correction.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that depression may causally influence the immune system by elevating overall WBC and basophil counts, with a marginally significant increase in lymphocyte levels. Conversely, higher monocyte count might confer some protection against depression, albeit with less statistial certainty. This study provides novel insights into the complex interplay between depression and immune function.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/3131579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Pathogenic Factors of Thyroid Dysfunction in First-Episode and Drug-Naïve Major Depressive Disorder Patients With Fasting Blood Glucose Abnormalities in Early- and Late-Onset Age","authors":"Ting Wang,&nbsp;Minxuan Zhang,&nbsp;Jinjin Cao,&nbsp;Sanrong Xiao,&nbsp;Xiangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1155/da/9947375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/9947375","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Aims:</b> This study aims to explore the mutual mechanisms and distinct pathogenic factors between fasting blood glucose (FBG) abnormalities and thyroid dysfunction (TD) in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients of different onset ages.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> One thousand seven hundred eighteen first-episode and drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients were selected. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive subscale, Clinical Global Impression (CGI), FBG, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured, along with other relevant biochemical indicators.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> TD prevalence was 86.69% in early-onset MDD patients with abnormal FBG while in late-onset was 86.86%. No significant difference was found. The area under the curve (AUC) values of FBG detecting TD were all over 0.700. Depressive symptoms and lipid metabolites were significant risk factors and were more specific indicators for late-onset MDD patients with FBG abnormalities. Further binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that depression severity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) predicted TD well in MDD patients with FBG abnormalities, making this predictive effect more significant in the late-onset group.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Insulin resistance and lipid metabolism abnormalities based on FBG abnormalities significantly impact TD in late-onset MDD. Specificity and regular monitoring should be considered for different onset ages of MDD patients with abnormal metabolism. Further research should clarify the interactions among insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and TD. The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Ethics Committee reviewed and approved this study (No. 2016-Y27).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/9947375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional Granularity and Cognitive Reappraisal Affect Social Anxiety and Interpersonal Relationships in Adolescents: A Bayesian Network Analysis","authors":"Wen Lian,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhu,&nbsp;Tingting Xu,&nbsp;Lu Fan,&nbsp;Yuqi Sun","doi":"10.1155/da/8658973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/8658973","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Emotional granularity (EG), the ability to finely distinguish emotional experiences, plays a crucial role in emotion regulation and social interactions. This study measures EG using a standardized experimental procedure and assesses related variables through questionnaires. We employ both undirected graphical Gaussian models (GGM) and directed Bayesian network analysis (NA) to investigate how positive EG (PEG) and negative EG (NEG), in conjunction with emotion regulation, uniquely influences social anxiety and interpersonal relationships.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> The sample comprised 407 junior high school students from China, aged 13–14 years old. We utilized the Photo Emotion Differentiation Task (PED task), Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS), Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale (IRCDS), and Adolescent Social Anxiety Scale (SAS-A) to measure emotional differentiation, emotion regulation, interpersonal relationships, and social anxiety, respectively.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> The undirected network highlights a pronounced relationship between interpersonal relationships and social anxiety. “Socialization and Friendship Distress” shows the highest expected influence, followed by “Social Avoidance and Distress in General Situations”, and “Conversational Distress”. Bayesian NA indicates that both PEG and NEG, along with cognitive reappraisal (CR), influence social anxiety and interpersonal relationships. PEG directly affects social anxiety features, whereas NEG is influenced by them. Additionally, females experience more severe issues with interpersonal relationships and social anxiety than males.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> The study revealed that individuals with lower positive EG directly impact social anxiety and interpersonal issues, and indirectly affect CR. Conversely, negative EG is mainly influenced by social anxiety symptoms and directly affects CR strategies. These findings highlight the importance of EG in adolescent mental health, suggesting that enhancing emotional differentiation could effectively address social anxiety and foster healthier interpersonal relationships.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/8658973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Cognitive Functioning and Depression Severity: A Multiwave Longitudinal Remote Assessment Study","authors":"Marcos Ross-Adelman,&nbsp;George Aalbers,&nbsp;Faith Matcham,&nbsp;Sara Simblett,&nbsp;Daniel Leightley,&nbsp;Sara Siddi,&nbsp;Josep M. Haro,&nbsp;Carolin Oetzmann,&nbsp;Vaibhav A. Narayan,&nbsp;Matthew Hotopf,&nbsp;Inez Myin-Germeys,&nbsp;Peter de Jonge,&nbsp;Femke Lamers,&nbsp;Brenda W. J. H. Penninx","doi":"10.1155/da/1509978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/1509978","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Cognitive difficulties are prevalent in depression and are linked to various negative life outcomes such as psychosocial impairment, absenteeism, lower chance of recovery or remission, and overall poor quality of life. Thus, assessing cognitive functioning over time is key to expanding our understanding of depression. Recent methodological advances and the ubiquity of smartphones enable remote assessment of cognitive functioning through smartphone-based tasks and surveys. However, the association of smartphone-based assessments of cognitive functioning to depression severity remains underexplored. Using a dedicated mobile application for assessing cognitive functioning (THINC-it), we investigate within- and between-person associations between performance-based (attention, working memory, processing speed, attention switching) and self-report measures of cognitive functioning with depression severity in 475 participants from the RADAR-MDD (Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-Major Depressive Disorder) cohort study (<i>t</i> = 2036 observations over an average of 14 months of follow-up). At the between-person level, we found stronger negative associations between the self-reported cognitive functioning measure and depression severity (<i>β</i> = −0.649, <i>p</i>  &lt; 0.001) than between the performance-based measures and depression severity (<i>β</i>s = −0.220 to −0.349, <i>p</i>_s  &lt; 0.001). At the within-person level, we found negative associations between depression severity and the self-reported measure (<i>β</i> = −0.223, <i>p</i>  &lt; 0.001), processing speed (<i>β</i> = −0.026, <i>p</i> = 0.032) and attention (<i>β</i> = −0.037, <i>p</i> = 0.003). These findings suggest that although THINC-it could adequately and remotely detect poorer cognitive performance in people with higher depressive symptoms, it was not capable of tracking within-person change over time. Nonetheless, repeatedly measuring self-reports of cognitive functioning showed more potential in tracking within-person changes in depression severity, underscoring their relevance for patient monitoring.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/1509978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “The Role of Parenting Behaviors in the Bidirectional and Intergenerational Transmission of Depression and Anxiety Between Parents and Early Adolescent Youth”","authors":"Carly J. Johnco,&nbsp;Natasha R. Magson,&nbsp;Jasmine Fardouly,&nbsp;Ella L. Oar,&nbsp;Miriam K. Forbes,&nbsp;Cele Richardson,&nbsp;Ronald M. Rapee","doi":"10.1155/da/9827354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/9827354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the article titled “The Role of Parenting Behaviors in the Bidirectional and Intergenerational Transmission of Depression and Anxiety Between Parents and Early Adolescent Youth” [<span>1</span>], there were errors in Figure 7a,b. The figure should show the incorrect panel in Figure 7.</p><p>The error was introduced during the production process of the article, and Wiley apologizes for causing this error in the article.</p><p>Figure 7a,b should be corrected as follows and is listed as Figure 1.</p>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/9827354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Education Attainment With Postpartum Depression and the Mediating Exploration: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Xuanping Wang,&nbsp;Fang-Yue Zhou,&nbsp;Yanhui Hao,&nbsp;Jiaying Wu,&nbsp;Kaizhen Su,&nbsp;Si-Yue Chen,&nbsp;Wen Yu,&nbsp;Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Yan-Ting Wu,&nbsp;He-Feng Huang","doi":"10.1155/da/8835118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/8835118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Many studies have explored the relationship between education and postpartum depression (PPD), with inconsistent results. Our study is to identify which education-related factors (education attainment, qualifications, cognitive performance) played the predominant role in PPD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Then, we explored the factors that may mediate the effect of education on PPD.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Method:</b> We performed two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to assess the independent impact of education-related factors on PPD. Based on the literature review, three mediating factors that may play a role in the path of education attainment and PPD were involved in mediation analysis, including childbearing age, neuroticism score, and average total household income before tax. Then, we used two-step MR and MVMR to estimate the indirect effect of these mediators.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> We identified genetically predicted 1-SD (3.71 years) higher education attainment (OR: 0.632; [95% confidential interval (CI): 0.464–0.860]); qualifications (OR: 0.418; [95% CI: 0.245–0.714]); or cognitive performance (OR: 0.770; [95% CI: 0.652–0.909]) was associated with lower risk of PPD, and the causal effects of education attainment (OR: 0.407; [95% CI: 0.214–0.773]) on PPD were independent of qualifications and cognition. Childbearing age (<i>β</i>: −0.497; [95% CI: −0.788−0.238]; <i>p</i>  &lt; 0.001) and neuroticism score (<i>β</i>: −0.07; [95% CI: −0.120−0.030]; <i>p</i>  &lt; 0.001) were identified as mediators of the association between education attainment and PPD.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> These results suggested the predominant impact of education attainment on PPD independent of qualifications and cognition. Education level mainly affects PPD by changing the childbearing age.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2000033433</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/8835118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Conversion From Unipolar Depression to Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study on 12,182 Inpatients","authors":"Ting Zhu,&nbsp;Ran Kou,&nbsp;Di Mu,&nbsp;Yao Hu,&nbsp;Cui Yuan,&nbsp;Minlan Yuan,&nbsp;Li Luo,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1155/da/4048082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/da/4048082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> The initial stages of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) often exhibit depressive symptoms and syndromes, leading to potential misdiagnosis and treatment for unipolar depression (UD). However, no consensus exists on individualized and time-varying intervenable conversion predictors for both BD and SCZ.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> This study examined the rate of true conversion from UD to BD and SCZ, considering factors such as sex, family history of mental illness, psychotic features, recurrent depression, and treatment patterns. The objective was to develop predictive models for short-, medium-, and long-term risk stratification for BD/SCZ conversion. Data were extracted from electronic medical records (EMRs) between January 2009 and December 2020 in a large academic medical center-based health system in China. Participants included 12,182 depressive inpatients without previous or comorbid diagnoses of BD and SCZ. The outcome measure was a subsequent admission record with a diagnostic code reflective of BD or SCZ. Four machine-learning algorithms using sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, vital signs, symptoms, and treatment features were applied to predict this outcome. Explainable methodologies, specifically SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Break Down, were employed to analyze the contribution of each individual feature.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Among 12,182 individuals, 344 (2.82%) and 64 (0.53%) received a subsequent diagnosis of BD and SCZ, respectively. Higher risk factors for BD progression included being female, having severe depression, being prescribed mood stabilizers, <i>β</i> receptor blockers (e.g., metoprolol tartrate and propranolol hydrochloride), and antipsychotics (e.g., sulpiride and quetiapine). Higher risk factors for SCZ progression included being male, exhibiting psychotic symptoms, being prescribed antipsychotics (e.g., risperidone and sulpiride), antiside effects drugs (e.g., trihexyphenidyl and hemp seed pill), and undergoing psychotherapy. Individuals with a family history of mental illness were particularly susceptible to conversion to BD and SCZ.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> The model’s performance on the test dataset declined over time, with area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting BD conversion decreasing from 0.771 in 1 year to 0.749 in 2 years and 0.733 in 7 years, and for SCZ conversion, from 0.866 in 1 year to 0.829 in 3 years and 0.752 in 7 years. A key finding is that individuals with refractory (particularly psychotic) UD had an elevated risk of transitioning to BD and SCZ, with social-demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, vital signs, and blood markers becoming significant risk factors over follow-up. Upon further validation, these models could provide clinicians with dynamic information regarding a patient’s risk of disease conversion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/4048082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}