{"title":"Correction to “A Newly Identified Basalt Adze Quarry at Honoko'i Gulch, East Moloka'i, Hawaiian Islands”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/gea.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kirch, P. V., Swift, J. A., Lyman, K., et al. 2025. “A Newly Identified Basalt Adze Quarry at Honoko'i Gulch, East Moloka'i, Hawaiian Islands.” <i>Geoarchaeology</i> 40: e70018. https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70018.</p><p>In the originally published version of this article, the name of the Scientific Editor was incorrectly listed. The correct name is <b>Prof. Patrick Nunn.</b></p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gea.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planetary Geoarchaeology of Comets: Site Formation Processes on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko","authors":"Luca Forassiepi, Justin A. Holcomb","doi":"10.1002/gea.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On November 12, 2014, 10 years after its launch as part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Rosetta Mission, the Philae lander successfully touched down on the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P/CG). This event was significant for two reasons. First, it was and remains the only successful attempt to orbit and eventually land on a comet's surface, opening up myriad possibilities for the scientific study of surface processes on this type of celestial body. Second, the landing of Philae, coupled with the eventual crash of the Rosetta spacecraft, officially initiated the formation of an archaeological record on 67P/CG. Here, we provide a review of comet surface and archaeological site formation processes and introduce the Rosetta mission as a case study for the application of planetary geoarchaeology. Our results suggest that although dynamic, the cometary environment is capable of preserving archaeological material within narrow windows of time. Specifically, this “preservation window” is dependent on several key geological factors, including local sublimation activity, fracturing, mass-wasting events, outbursts, large-scale splitting of parts of the nucleus, sedimentary processes, pit formation, meteoritic impacts, and rotational instability. As we continue to expand our material footprint across the solar system, we believe planetary geoarchaeology will offer crucial insights into the preservation of space heritage and the growing archaeological record of space exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Su, Tristram Kidder, Hongliang Lu, Deyun Zhao, Luo Wang, Yujun Duan
{"title":"Long-Term Occupation on Shifting Wetlands Around the Haimenkou Site in Yunnan, Southwest China","authors":"Kai Su, Tristram Kidder, Hongliang Lu, Deyun Zhao, Luo Wang, Yujun Duan","doi":"10.1002/gea.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Environmental reconstruction at the site level is crucial for gaining a nuanced understanding of human-environment interactions in prehistoric period. The Haimenkou wetland archaeological site, located on the Yunnan Plateau in Southwest China, offers an opportunity to investigate how local environmental conditions have changed since the late Pleistocene and how humans adapted to and modified these landscapes over time. This study employs a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the sedimentary history and physical environment surrounding the site. Our results indicate that before human occupation, Neotectonic activity and climatic fluctuations played the most significant roles in shaping the land surface. The Jianchuan Basin, where Haimenkou is situated, underwent considerable geomorphological changes driven by these natural forces, including shifting lake levels and erosional processes. However, once human settlement began, anthropogenic activities—such as forest clearance, agriculture, and the expansion of settlements—became the dominant forces altering the environment. The findings also have broader implications for understanding the “Missing Millennia”—a term used to describe the scarcity of archaeological sites from the Mid-Holocene across Southwest China and mainland Southeast Asia. Our research suggests that active erosion, sediment transport, and redeposition during this period likely played a significant role in the poor preservation of archaeological remains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikola Derková, Markéta Končelová, Roman Křivánek, Barbora Strouhalová, Tomáš Chuman
{"title":"Quantifying Water and Tillage Soil Erosion Risk to the Neolithic Settlement Site of Bylany (Czech Republic)","authors":"Nikola Derková, Markéta Končelová, Roman Křivánek, Barbora Strouhalová, Tomáš Chuman","doi":"10.1002/gea.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assesses the threat of soil erosion to the unique Neolithic settlement site of Bylany. Since the 1950s, it has been explored using traditional archaeological methods and, more recently, non-destructive techniques like aerial prospection and geophysics. The archaeo-geophysical survey using magnetometry revealed more frequent fragmented linear magnetic anomalies and decreased magnetic intensities, indicating some differences in the sunken archaeological features. We hypothesised that these differences result from soil erosion. To test this, we conducted field surveys at well-documented archaeological sites, comparing changes in the depths of sunken features. Additionally, erosion modelling was used to reveal whether the field survey results align with the present modelled potential soil erosion. Findings indicate that this unique settlement area is threatened by water and tillage soil erosion to such an extent that some of the sunken features are being destroyed. The rate of soil erosion estimated by the field survey is between 0.6 and 18 mm.year<sup>−1</sup>; the modelled total soil erosion for the resurveyed features was up to 3.6 mm.year<sup>−1</sup> (50.7 t ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). Modelling also suggested even higher erosion on a slope where a smaller rondel was detected by a geophysical survey in 2019 but remains unexcavated. The results highlight the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect this unique archaeological settlement site featuring three rondels on the same land from further degradation. This study thus provides a compelling case of unanticipated soil thickness reduction, as was suggested by geophysical surveys and verified by excavation data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Loren G. Davis, Matthew R. Des Lauriers, Lorena Becerra-Valdivia, David Rhode, David B. Madsen, Antonio P. Michelini
{"title":"Geoarchaeology of Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene Occupation at the EL Peregrino and Colina Castor Sites on Cedros Island, Baja California, Mexico","authors":"Loren G. Davis, Matthew R. Des Lauriers, Lorena Becerra-Valdivia, David Rhode, David B. Madsen, Antonio P. Michelini","doi":"10.1002/gea.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents the geoarchaeological and chronometric analysis of two Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene archaeological sites: El Peregrino (PAIC-88) and Colina Castor (PAIC-91), located on Cedros Island, Baja California, Mexico. Both sites are situated at the base of fossil spring localities above modern sea level and contain stratified cultural materials associated with now-extinct freshwater sources that likely played a critical role in supporting early human occupation within an otherwise arid coastal setting. Bayesian chronological modelling, predicated on > 40 new radiocarbon measurements, places the onset of occupation at El Peregrino and Colina Castor during the Younger Dryas, with El Peregrino dating from 12,905 to 12,050 cal <span>BP</span> and Colina Castor from 12,780 to 12,105 cal <span>BP</span>. Stratigraphic and sedimentological data indicate site formation through a combination of alluvial fan deposition, aeolian input, and localised floralturbation around spring margins. Marine shell and lithic artifacts were transported inland as far as 15 km from the paleo-coastline during periods of lower sea level. These findings expand the known spatial and temporal range of Late Pleistocene coastal foragers in North America and highlight the importance of freshwater availability in structuring early human mobility and site selection along the Pacific coast. The Cedros Island record provides a rare inland perspective on early maritime adaptations during the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gül Sürmelihindi, Cees Passchier, Andrew Wilson, Christoph Spötl
{"title":"The Roman Water Management of Arles as Read in Aqueduct Carbonate Archives","authors":"Gül Sürmelihindi, Cees Passchier, Andrew Wilson, Christoph Spötl","doi":"10.1002/gea.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article reconstructs the complex history of modifications made to the Roman aqueduct of <i>Arelate</i> (Arles), by studying carbonate incrustations in its channels. These deposits, precipitated by flowing water, have preserved an archive of the aqueduct's life-cycle in their stratigraphy, fabric and stable isotope composition. Two tributaries, from Caparon and Eygalières, converged in a basin before an arcade bridge, from which a single channel continued to Arles. Originally, the Caparon branch alone supplied Arles with water from the south side of the Alpilles hills, the basin acting as a header basin before the arcade. Later, the Eygalières branch from the north side of the Alpilles was joined to the basin. The Caparon branch was then diverted to power water-mills at Barbegal, changing the basin's function from convergence back to a header basin. After some decades, the Eygalières branch was also used to supply the mills, changing the basin into a distribution structure. From Arles, lead pipes laid across the bed of the Rhône also supplied water to the Trinquetaille quarter. Major cleaning of the aqueduct in the early fourth century is also identified. Anthropogenic carbonates can therefore provide crucial information on the provenance of water and alterations to ancient aqueducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gea.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick V. Kirch, Jillian A. Swift, Kepa Lyman, Greg Solatorio, Kylie Tuitavuki, Steven Lundblad, Peter Mills
{"title":"A Newly Identified Basalt Adze Quarry at Honoko‘i Gulch, East Moloka‘i, Hawaiian Islands","authors":"Patrick V. Kirch, Jillian A. Swift, Kepa Lyman, Greg Solatorio, Kylie Tuitavuki, Steven Lundblad, Peter Mills","doi":"10.1002/gea.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To date, no quarries were known on the eastern part of Moloka‘i Island, and it was assumed that the Kaluako‘i quarries on West Moloka‘i supplied the East Moloka‘i communities with adze material. Here, we report on the identification of a major quarry at Honoko‘i Gulch, near Hālawa Valley at the island's eastern tip. Fine-grained basalt (technically hawaiite-mugearite) exposed in a massive cliff was extracted and reduced to adze preforms at the quarry itself as well as at several flaking areas. EDXRF analysis of the quarry material demonstrates that it is identical to the Group A basalt debitage previously analyzed at the Hālawa Dune Site, indicating that the Honoko‘i quarry was a significant source of adze material for the occupants of Hālawa Valley. Radiocarbon dates from Honoko‘i and from the Hālawa Dune Site indicate that the quarry was in use from as early as <span>AD</span> 1366–1610. An unusual feature at the quarry itself is the presence of several anthropomorphic petroglyphs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Site Formation Processes and Archaeological Preservation Potential of the Lady Bug Site, an Inundated Quarry Within the Aucilla River, Northwest Florida","authors":"Nicholas K. Bentley","doi":"10.1002/gea.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Lady Bug archaeological site (8JE795) is located in a small mid-channel sinkhole inundated by the Aucilla River in northwest Florida. In this sinkhole are late Quaternary deposits representing a detailed record of landscape change and stability over the last 50,000 years. Archaeological excavations along with micromorphological, geochemical, and particle size analyses were used to elucidate the site formation processes of the Lady Bug site. Changes in deposition at the Lady Bug site were primarily driven by fluctuations in the local potentiometric surface level and precipitation. The site was subaerially exposed and available for human occupation from ~20,000 cal <span>BP</span> until 13,800 cal <span>BP</span>, and then again from 12,150 to 4500 cal <span>BP</span>. People occupied the Lady Bug site during the later period of subaerial exposure and landscape stability. They were likely exploiting a nearby outcrop of chert until inundation of the sinkhole 4500 years ago by the instigation of the modern Aucilla River fluvial regime. A single flake was recovered from an older than Clovis stratum, possibly representing an archaeological component coeval with the pre-Clovis component at the nearby Page-Ladson site.</p>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gea.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasiliki Andreaki, Panagiotis Karkanas, Antoni Palomo, Raquel Piqué, Xavier Terradas
{"title":"Go With the Flow: Microfacies Analysis for Uncovering Occupation Patterns, Waste Management, and Water Adaptation at La Draga Lakeside Settlement (Lake Banyoles, Spain)","authors":"Vasiliki Andreaki, Panagiotis Karkanas, Antoni Palomo, Raquel Piqué, Xavier Terradas","doi":"10.1002/gea.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micromorphological analysis of the archaeological sediments at the Neolithic (5300–4800 cal <span>BC</span>) lacustrine site of La Draga (Lake Banyoles) is used to reconstruct the depositional events that formed the site's stratigraphic sequence. By identifying different microfacies types, we have detected occupational surfaces across various sectors of the site and decoded the settlement's formation processes. These findings are discussed in the context of recent Bayesian chronological modeling of depositional events at La Draga. As is typical for lacustrine pile-dwellings, fluctuations in water levels have influenced both the formation and post-depositional alteration of the site's deposits and materials. The two study sectors at La Draga exhibit distinct depositional dynamics, reflected in the varying degrees of organic material preservation. Micromorphological evidence suggests that the inhabitants of the settlement developed different strategies to adapt to environmental changes, depending on the conditions within each occupational area. In the most recent occupational phase, travertine slabs—a local stone—were used differently across the site. In Sector A, these slabs appear to have formed structures or enclosures, possibly for discard activities. In Sector B–D, they were likely used as paving, possibly to insulate the area from water flow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Loren G. Davis, Matthew R. Des Lauriers, Antonio Porcayo-Michelini, David B. Madsen, David Rhode
{"title":"The Geoarchaeological Context of Early Holocene Human Occupation at the Cerro Pedregoso Site, Cedros Island, Mexico","authors":"Loren G. Davis, Matthew R. Des Lauriers, Antonio Porcayo-Michelini, David B. Madsen, David Rhode","doi":"10.1002/gea.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geoarchaeological excavations at the Cerro Pedregoso site on Cedros Island, Baja California, Mexico, uncovered a stratified alluvial fan deposit containing well-preserved evidence of repeated human occupation during the Early Holocene, between ~12,000 and 9600 cal <span>BP</span>. We used radiocarbon dating of wood charcoal and marine shell from multiple excavation units to establish a secure chronology for these early coastal forager occupations. These cultural materials lie within the landscape-scale Deposit 3, a unit formed by a combination of alluvial and aeolian processes. Beneath this deposit, a previously unknown paleosol (S1), exposed in excavation Unit 9, suggests the presence of even older sediments that may predate 12,000 cal <span>BP</span>. Although the archaeological content of this paleosol is sparse and affected by floralturbation, it offers a promising target for future investigations into the earliest coastal occupations of the Americas. The Cerro Pedregoso site thus provides a valuable stratified record of Early Holocene human activity and highlights the potential for even earlier evidence to be found in buried landforms on Cedros Island.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55117,"journal":{"name":"Geoarchaeology-An International Journal","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}