Site Formation Processes and Archaeological Preservation Potential of the Lady Bug Site, an Inundated Quarry Within the Aucilla River, Northwest Florida

IF 1.4 3区地球科学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Geoarchaeology-An International Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI:10.1002/gea.70019

Nicholas K. Bentley

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Abstract

The Lady Bug archaeological site (8JE795) is located in a small mid-channel sinkhole inundated by the Aucilla River in northwest Florida. In this sinkhole are late Quaternary deposits representing a detailed record of landscape change and stability over the last 50,000 years. Archaeological excavations along with micromorphological, geochemical, and particle size analyses were used to elucidate the site formation processes of the Lady Bug site. Changes in deposition at the Lady Bug site were primarily driven by fluctuations in the local potentiometric surface level and precipitation. The site was subaerially exposed and available for human occupation from ~20,000 cal BP until 13,800 cal BP, and then again from 12,150 to 4500 cal BP. People occupied the Lady Bug site during the later period of subaerial exposure and landscape stability. They were likely exploiting a nearby outcrop of chert until inundation of the sinkhole 4500 years ago by the instigation of the modern Aucilla River fluvial regime. A single flake was recovered from an older than Clovis stratum, possibly representing an archaeological component coeval with the pre-Clovis component at the nearby Page-Ladson site.

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佛罗里达西北部奥西拉河中被淹没的采石场雌虫遗址的遗址形成过程和考古保护潜力

Lady Bug考古遗址（8JE795）位于佛罗里达州西北部被Aucilla河淹没的一个小沟槽中。在这个天坑里有晚第四纪沉积物，详细记录了过去5万年来的景观变化和稳定性。利用考古发掘、微形态、地球化学和粒度分析来阐明瓢虫遗址的形成过程。瓢虫样地沉积的变化主要是由当地地表电位和降水的波动驱动的。从~20,000 cal BP到13,800 cal BP，然后从12,150 cal BP到4,500 cal BP，该遗址处于亚暴露状态，可供人类居住。在地面暴露和景观稳定的后期，人们占据了瓢虫遗址。他们很可能是在开采附近的一块燧石露头，直到4500年前，在现代奥西拉河（Aucilla River）河流体系的鼓动下，天坑被淹没。从比克洛维斯更古老的地层中发现了一片碎片，可能代表了与附近Page-Ladson遗址的前克洛维斯成分同时期的考古成分。

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来源期刊

Geoarchaeology-An International Journal 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal published six times per year (in January, March, May, July, September and November). It presents the results of original research at the methodological and theoretical interface between archaeology and the geosciences and includes within its scope: interdisciplinary work focusing on understanding archaeological sites, their environmental context, and particularly site formation processes and how the analysis of sedimentary records can enhance our understanding of human activity in Quaternary environments. Manuscripts should examine the interrelationship between archaeology and the various disciplines within Quaternary science and the Earth Sciences more generally, including, for example: geology, geography, geomorphology, pedology, climatology, oceanography, geochemistry, geochronology, and geophysics. We also welcome papers that deal with the biological record of past human activity through the analysis of faunal and botanical remains and palaeoecological reconstructions that shed light on past human-environment interactions. The journal also welcomes manuscripts concerning the examination and geological context of human fossil remains as well as papers that employ analytical techniques to advance understanding of the composition and origin or material culture such as, for example, ceramics, metals, lithics, building stones, plasters, and cements. Such composition and provenance studies should be strongly grounded in their geological context through, for example, the systematic analysis of potential source materials.